32 results on '"early ripeness"'
Search Results
2. Blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) ‒ the results of varieties and accessions study according to adaptivity and a set of commercialbiological traits
- Author
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P. A. Ageeva, N. A. Potchutina, O. M. Gromova, and N. M. Zaytseva
- Subjects
lupin breeding ,competitive variety trial ,grain and green mass productivity ,early ripeness ,row protein ,alkaloid content ,Agriculture - Abstract
Cultivation of grain legumes including blue lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is an important reserve for increase of high protein feed production. The aim of the research is to find perspective blue lupin varieties and accessions according to yield, adaptivity, the duration of vegetation period and biochemical indices in south-western area of the Central part of Russia. In 2019-2021 six blue lupin varieties and four accessions developed in the All-Russian Lupin Scientific Research Institute have been tested in competitive variety trial (Vityas was standard variety). The trials were laid on sod-podzolic, loamy soil with the moderate fertility level. The average grain yield of varieties in the trial was 2.07 t/ha, of standard variety – 1.85 t/ha. The varieties Bryansky kormovoy, Uzkolistny 53 and accessions BSv 51-19, USN 53-236 and SBS 56-15 had the highest grain yield. Their grain productivity varied from 2.17 to 2.29 t/ha. Statistically significant increase to the standard was 0.32-0.44 t/ha. The accessions BSv 51-19 and USN 53-236 had the maximum grain yield by adaptivity coefficient of 110%. According to the green mass yield and adaptivity Bryansky kormovoy and new promising accessions SBS 56-15, USN 53-236 and BSv 51-19 have been noted: the increase to the standard according to the green mass yield was 5.0-7.0 t/ha, the adaptivity coefficient was 104-110%. By the duration of vegetation period (80-89 days) all varieties and accessions were included into the group of early-ripening. The new tall variety Belorozovy 144 had the longest vegetation period (89 days). According to the alkaloid content in the grain (0.031-0.063 %) all tested varieties and accessions were included into the low-alkaloid group. The varieties Smena, Uzkolistny 53 and the accession SBS 56-15 were characterized by stable low index (0.031-0.039 %). The content of raw protein in the seeds of tested varieties and accessions of blue lupin varied in the range of 32.0-33.8%. According to the set of positive traits, Bryansky kormovoy variety and accessions USN 53-236 and SBS 56-15 have been noted.
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- 2022
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3. Selection of green peas for the canning industry with a small grain size
- Author
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V. A. Ushakov, I. P. Kotlyar, and I. M. Kaigorodova
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vegetable peas ,breeding ,size of grain ,fecundity ,yield of crops ,quality of green peas ,early ripeness ,Agriculture - Abstract
Relevance. Therefore, at present, varieties with an average seed size are used for the production of canned "green peas". In this regard, it is important to create varieties with a mass of 1000 seeds less than 150 g for the production of premium canned food.Methods. The object of research was the lines of hybrids of vegetable peas of different ripeness groups with a low weight of 1000 seeds.Results. At the initial stage of the work, plants with a low mass of 1000 seeds and green cotyledons were selected and brought to constant lines over several years. Over the years of sampling, the weather conditions were with sharp changes in temperature and precipitation. This made it possible to single out samples with low variability of the selected characters based on the totality of characters. In 2018-2019, the selected lines were studied according to the characteristics of productivity and manufacturability during the period of technical ripeness in the nursery of competitive variety testing of vegetable peas. To determine the duration of the technical ripeness period and its relationship with the yield, the green peas were harvested in three periods, starting with the minimum density indicators (34-35 units) and with an interval of three days. When determining the fractional composition of green peas, sample 4.12 was isolated, which received the varietal name Smaylik. Green peas of this variety had a fairly high uniformity and small grain diameter with a predominance of fractions of 5-8.5 mm and 8.6-9.9 mm. Sample 12.12 was close to Smaylik in its performance. According to the results of competitive variety testing, the Smaylik variety in 2019 was transferred to the State variety testing of the Russian Federation.
- Published
- 2021
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- View/download PDF
4. The results and prospects of maize breeding in the Agricultural Research Center 'Donskoy'
- Author
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G. Ya. Krivosheev, N. A. Shevchenko, and A. S. Ignatiev
- Subjects
self-pollinated lines ,hybrids ,heterosis ,early ripeness ,drought resistance ,humidity-transfer intensity ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
The current paper has presented the results of breeding work on maize in the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”. The three-line and double interlinear middle early and middle ripening maize hybrids of various economic use ‘Zernogradsky 242 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 282 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 288 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 299 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky 354 MV’, ‘Zernogradsky MV’, ‘Stepnyak MV’ were developed and included into the State List of Breeding Achievements from 2006 to 2020. The Competitive Variety Testing has identified a new high-heterosis simple hybrid ‘Zernogradsky 352 MB’ and the new early ripening hybrids ‘Krucha M × KB 215’, ‘Krucha M × SP 56/57’ with low harvesting grain moisture. The main method used to develop maize hybrids was an interline hybridization using heterosis in the first generation (F1 ). There have been determined the priority directions of further breeding, namely early ripeness, grain humidity-transfer intensity during ripening, drought resistance, high starch content in grain. There has been developed new initial material for each direction of breeding. There have been selected the introduced testers (‘Alpha M’, ‘Almaz M’, ‘Aurora S’, ‘Milena M’, ‘Istok S’) to develop early-ripening hybrids. There have been identified the early and middle-early ripening self-pollinated lines ‘C 207’, ‘RD 12’, ‘TVA 308’, ‘PLS 61’, ‘KB 215’, etc., with a high grain humidity-transfer intensity during ripening (0.95–1.30% per day), low harvest moisture content of grain (10.8–13.8%). There have been developed the new self-pollinated waxy maize lines (24/29/5, 25/64/10, 26/8, 26/4, 26/80, 24/28) with 68.1–69.8% of amylopectin starch in grain. There have been identified the new self-pollinated maize lines resistant to water stress (DS 498/217-3, DS 257/85-5, DS 498/203, KB 262, etc.) promising for breeding drought-resistant maize hybrids.
- Published
- 2020
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5. The effect of plant density on productivity of the grain sorghum variety ‘Ataman’ in the Lugansk region
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V. V. Kovtunov and A. V. Baranovsky
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grain sorghum ,variety ,plant density ,seeding rate ,productivity ,early ripeness ,1000 grain weight ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Frequently occured dry years and a sharp decrease of productivity and gross harvests of grain crops require scientifically grounded selection of grain crops that stabilize its production. Currently, the drought resistant sorghum varieties can become a good alternative for the main spring grain crops. In the Luhansk region, the average annual amount of precipitation is 475 mm, which confirms the advantage in growing grain sorghum over other spring grain crops. However, plant density of the modern recommended grain sorghum varieties related to specific soil and climatic conditions has not yet been studied enough. The purpose of the current research was to study and highlight the optimal plant density of the grain sorghum variety ‘Ataman' in the conditions of the Luhansk region. The study was carried out on the basis of the Luhansk National Agricultural University in 2018-2019. Sorghum was sown at the rate of 350.000 germinated grains per hectare. In a sprouting phase, plant density was manually formed according to the experimental scheme (from 40 to 340 thousand/ha). The study of the new early-ripening grain sorghum variety ‘Ataman', developed by the FSBSI “Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy”, showed that regardless of the moisture supply and the thermal regime during vegetation, it was advisable to grow this variety with a plant density of 140-220 thousand/ha. In the conditions of the Luhansk region with mineral nutrition N60P40, it was possible to form the productivity of the grain sorghum variety ‘Ataman' at the level of 5.06-5.52 t/ha of grain and more. The vegetation period of the variety ‘Ataman', depending on the plant density and weather/climatic conditions of the year, was 90-102 days, which made it possible to harvest it in the 1st-2nd decade of September without additional drying of the grain. The variety did not lodge or shed its grain, and was also resistant to grain aphids.
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- 2020
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6. Early varieties of tomatoes for open ground areas of risk farming
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I. Yu. Kondratyeva, M. R. Engalychev, and A. Yu. Lvova
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early ripeness ,resistance ,vegetative period ,phenophases ,tomato ,Agriculture - Abstract
Relevance. The non-chernozem zone of Russia and the more northern regions of the country are far from the most favorable zones for the cultivation of tomatoes in open ground. The most promising for the northern zones of Russia are earlyripening, cold-resistant varieties and hybrids of tomato. The most promising in terms of productivity, resistance to short-term frosts and late blight damage are standard and semi-standard forms of tomato. Stamp forms (var. validum Brezh.) are of significant interest, both for breeding, genetic studies of tomato culture, and for production.Results. In the laboratory of selection and seed production of solanaceous crops of the FSBSI FSVC (VNIISSOK) in recent years, a whole series of standard early ripe tomato varieties for open ground has been created (Chelnok, Revansh, Pervotsvet, Argo, Evgeniya, Malinka, Otradny). The involvement of the selected standard forms in the crosses made it possible to create a number of promising lines and varieties of the semi-standard form (Perst, Pervotsvet, Blagodatny, Dolgonosik, Voskhod VNIISSOK), which significantly increases the genetic diversity of the standard forms. These varieties with a solids content of up to 7.5%, with a long shelf life. In the non-chernozem zone and the more northern regions of the country, the VNIISSOK selection varieties easily tolerate a short-term decrease in day and night temperatures to 0…-1°C, and in the southern regions drought.
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- 2020
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7. Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield.
- Author
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Kurmanbayeva, Meruyert, Sekerova, Tolganai, Tileubayeva, Zhanar, Kaiyrbekov, Tursynbek, Kusmangazinov, Adil, Shapalov, Shermakhan, Madenova, Aigul, Burkitbayev, Mukhambetkali, and Bachilova, Nadezhda
- Abstract
Wheat is the main cereal crop in Kazakhstan and fertilizers play an important role in enhancing harvest growth. In this study, the impact of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat was evaluated, and the resistance of varieties to Puccinia triticina Erikss was also investigated. (also known as Puccinia recondite Rob. ex Desm.) for recommendations in agriculture. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 in a nursery and greenhouse. The sulfur-containing fertilizer contains nutrients that allow you to extend the duration of absorption by the plant, thereby extending the period of their availability to plants, compared to conventional preparations. By encapsulating molten elemental sulfur and impregnating with a solution of calcium polysulfide, a long-acting compound based on amorphous and monocalcium phosphate was developed. The sulfur is in a water-soluble sulfate form, which, in turn, is slowly oxidized by bacteria and retained in the soil. Three different types of the developed sulfur-containing nano-particle have been used to test in greenhouses and nurseries: powdered, pasty sulfur-containing composition, and a solution of calcium polysulfide. The results showed that the use of powdered and dissolved sulfur-containing fertilizers contributed to the early ripeness and increased productivity of wheat. Wheat varieties were tested for the presence of key Lr genes that determine resistance to brown rust. The Omskaya 29 sample showed an immune response according to phytopathological assessment, and molecular screening revealed four resistance genes. The new sulfur-containing product is recommended for improving wheat productivity in agriculture, and the Omskaya 29 variety can also be used as a valuable breeding material resistant to brown rust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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8. THE GENE POOL FOR TABLE BEET BREEDING (MODERN ASPECTS OF STUDY AND USE)
- Author
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V. I. Burenin, D. V. Sokolova, and T. M. Piskunova
- Subjects
black root ,monogermicity ,cold tolerance ,early ripeness ,bolting resistance ,initial breeding material ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Background. Modern production imposes increased requirements to the range of used cultivars, so the development of new cultivars and hybrids most adapted to certain soil and climatic conditions is an important task of breeding.Materials and methods. Table beet accessions from the VIR collection originating from 17 countries were chosen as the material for the present research. The accessions were studied at Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR, at the Genetic Diversity and Plant Bioresources Center of the All-Russian Breeding and Technological Institute of Horticulture and Nursery (VSTISP) and at Maikop Experiment Station, a branch of VIR, according to VIR’s guidelines. esults. The relationships between earliness, bolting resistance, cold tolerance and resistance to black root have been established. The majority of the studied accessions had medium resistance to black root. The cultivars ‘Asmer Detroit 72’ (k-3113, Great Britain), ‘Bravo’ (k-3047, Russia) and ‘Podzimnyaya A-474’ (k-1678, Russia) distinguished by resistance to black root, were also characterized by cold tolerance and stable productivity. The differences in bolting resistance among the accessions were found to depend on their origin. The cultivars from Sweden, Finland and from the Russian Northwest were most resistant to bolting. The early accessions ‘Perfected Detroit Dark Red’ (k-1815, Canada), ‘Bikor’ (k-2873, the Netherlands), ‘Severnyshar’ (k-1586, Russia) and ‘Polyarnaya ploskaya’ (k-1585, Russia) were characterized by high rates of the vegetative mass growth and bolting resistance. It was noted that the absolutely monogermic varieties have lower ripening rates, productivity, and resistance to bolting, compared to the multigerm ones, but have similar chemical composition indicators and root quality. Accessions with a wide distribution area that maintain high root productivity at 115–120% to the reference in different climatic conditions have been identified.Conclusions. The research has resulted in the identification of table beet accessions characterized by a complex of biological and economically important traits. The relationships between earliness, resistance to bolting and cold tolerance have been revealed. Genetic sources of monogermicity, bolting resistance, cold tolerance, black root resistance and high root quality are recommended for the use in breeding.
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- 2019
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9. Biodiversity of sorghum
- Author
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N. A. Kovtunova and V. V. Kovtunov
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early ripeness ,large kernels ,source ,sample ,trait ,breeding ,variety ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
On the basis of economic use there are three main types of sorghum: grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), sweet sorghum (Sorghum sahharatum (L.) Pers.) and grass (Sudan) sorghum (Sorghum sudanense (Piper.) Stapf). There are various directions in the breeding work with grain, sweet and grass sorghum. However, the main breeding task of any grain crop is to create highly productive varieties and hybrids with high quality of products. This implies the involvement of new initial material with the necessary qualities in the breeding process. To solve this problem, a rich genetic material is of great need, which will be used in hybridization. The purpose of the work is to identify the main directions and results of sorghum breeding, to study biological diversity within the varieties according to individual indicators and to identify the sources of valuable traits. A large number of the identified sources of economically valuable traits, which are annually involved in hybridization with productive varieties gives evidence of the biological diversity and rich genetic material. The fulfilled work resulted in a number of developed varieties that meet the requirements of agricultural production.
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- 2018
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10. GENETIC-BREEDING VALUE OF THE TOMATO FORMS CARRYING THE _ (CAROTENE) AND R (YELLOW FLESH) GENES.
- Author
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MIHNEA, Nadejda, CLIMĂUŢAN, Diana, ROŢCA, Christian, and ZAMORZAEVA, Irina
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VEGETABLE farming ,TOMATOES ,GENES ,ECONOMIC efficiency ,CAROTENES ,PLANT productivity ,GENOTYPES ,PERICARP - Abstract
One of the main problems of modern vegetable growing is the creation of varieties with complex valuable traits, adapted to growing conditions and economic efficiency. The forms containing the ß (carotene) genes and r (yellow flesh), which play an important role in the diet of allergenic people, especially children, are of particular importance for improving red tomatoes. To demonstrate the variability of agronomic characters and to elucidate the value of tomato genotypes carrying ß (carotene), r (yellow pulp) genes, a comparative assessment of tomato genotypes was made taking into account a set of useful traits. The evaluation of genotypes was carried out based on the most valuable biological parameters (period of vegetation, number of fruits and productivity per plant, fruit mass, thickness of pericarp, heat resistance). Genotypes combining characters of early ripeness with high productivity were identified in the tomato collection. Analysis of tomato genotypes for heat resistance made it possible to reveal highly resistant genotypes that are of interest as an initial material for breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
11. ALLELIC DIVERSITY OF THE Ppd AND VRN GENES INVOLVED IN CONTROL OF THE DURATION OF SHOOTING-EARING STAGE IN DAGESTANIAN BARLEY ACCESSIONS
- Author
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R. A. Abdullaev, N. V. Alpatieva, Yu. I. Karabitsina, I. A. Zveinek, B. A. Batasheva, I. N. Anisimova, and E. E. Radchenko
- Subjects
ячмень ,скороспелость ,фотопериодическая чувствительность ,аллели локусов ppd и vrn ,молекулярные маркеры ,barley ,early ripeness ,photo-periodic sensitivity ,alleles of ppd and vrn loci ,molecular markers ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The period between shooting and earing stages was investigated in a group of 265 barley accessions from Dagestan. The accessions k-15008 and k-15013 were characterized by the highest development rate in South Dagestan. In Northwest Russia the early accession k-15027 was revealed. In 207 barley accessions the dominant and recessive alleles of the Ppd and VRN genes involved in control of the period between shooting and earing stages were identified with the use of allele-specific molecular markers. Twenty two groups with different allelic combinations of the loci were revealed. The most numerous groups possessed the Ppd-H1Ppd-H2vrn-H1 Vrn-H2vrnH3 and ppd-H1Ppd-H2vrn-H1Vrn-H2vrnH3 allelic combinations and included 59 and 91 accessions correspondingly.
- Published
- 2018
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12. Productivity of corn hybrids in relation to the seeding rate.
- Author
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Kadyrov, S. and Kharitonov, M.
- Subjects
- *
HYBRID corn , *SOIL productivity , *CORN yields , *CORN seeds , *SOIL air , *PLANT spacing ,CORN growth - Abstract
Potential yield of corn hybrids with a different FAO number is limited by not only rainfall amount, average soil and air temperature throughout vegetation period, but also directly depends on plant density. The study and practical application of special agricultural techniques allows us to limit and mitigate the negative impact of these factors on the productivity of maize, depending on the indicators under study and the soil and climatic resources of the cultivation zone. Therefore, the study of the influence of the seeding rate on the growth and development of corn plants remains relevant. The results presented make it possible to choose optimal seeding rates for corn hybrids of early and middle groups of ripeness (FAO 180-280). Overcrowding from 61,000 to 93,000 seeds ha-1 leads to increase in interstage period 'sprouting-wax ripeness' of Rodnik 179SV hybrid for 4 days, of MAS 12R and AMELIOR hybrids-for 2 days, and of MAS 30K hybrid - for 3 days. Hybrids Rodnik 179SV and AMELIOR reached maximum height - 217 cm and 214 cm respectively - at seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1, while hybrids MAS 12R and MAS 30K grew up to their 213 cm and 223 cm respectively at seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1. Decrease in seeding rate to less than 73,000 seeds ha-1 and, contrary to it, overcrowding of seeds of more than 77,000 seeds ha-1 leads to decrease in corn hybrid plant height. Agronomically, the most efficient for maximizing early ripe Rodnik 179SV and MAS 12R hybrids yields (6.39 and 6.73 t ha-1) and middle-early ripe AMELIOR hybrid yield (6.81 t ha-1) was the seeding rate of 73,000 seeds ha-1, while the highest yield of middle MAS 30K hybrid (7.21 t ha-1) was at the seeding rate of 77,000 seeds ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Breeding value of the second generation of soybean populations for «growing season» trait
- Author
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О. З. Щербина, В. Г. Михайлов, О. О. Тимошенко, and С. О. Ткачик
- Subjects
soybean ,crossbreeding combinations ,hybrid combinations ,phenotype ,parents ,early ripeness ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
Purpose. Studying the inheritance of such trait of soybean (Glucine max (L.) Merrill) as growing season length in F2 and assessing hybrid combinations to identify more quick-ripening phenotypes as compared to parents. Methods. Laboratory test, mathematico-statistical evaluation. Results. In most crossbreeding combinations, when parents differed by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F2, in one combination – early ripeness, in two combinations, when parents scarcely differed by growing season length, complementary effect was observed for this index. It was found that ‘Anzhelika’/‘Mageva’ combination generated the highest number of more quick-ripening forms than any of the parents (13.1%), a smaller number was identified in ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’ (6.4%) and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ (4.0%), and barely noticeable number was observed in ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’ combination (1.3%). Conclusions. In the following crossbreeding combinations as ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’, Legenda’/‘Korado’, ‘Legenda’/‘Ustia’, ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’, ‘Yug-30’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 894’/‘Vizhion’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 894’/‘Annushka’, ‘Legenda’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 441’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 441’/‘Vizhion’, ‘No. 441’/‘Annushka’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Prypiat’ when parents considerably and insignificantly differ by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F2. ‘Ustia’/‘Vizhion’ and ‘Yug-30’/‘ Vizhion’ crossbreeding combinations in which parents hardly differ by growing season, complementary effect was observed in F2 for this index.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
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14. Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield
- Author
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Aigul Madenova, Nadezhda Bachilova, Tolganai Sekerova, Zhanar Tileubayeva, Shermakhan Shapalov, Adil Bolatuly Kusmangazinov, Tursynbek Kaiyrbekuly Kaiyrbekov, Mukhambetkali Burkitbayev, and M. S. Kurmanbayeva
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,QH301-705.5 ,Resistance ,chemistry.chemical_element ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Rust ,Crop ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Nutrient ,Biology (General) ,Monocalcium phosphate ,Productivity ,Puccinia ,biology ,business.industry ,Sulfur-containing fertilizers ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Sulfur ,030104 developmental biology ,Agronomy ,chemistry ,Agriculture ,Wheat ,engineering ,Original Article ,Early ripeness ,Fertilizer ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,business ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Wheat is the main cereal crop in Kazakhstan and fertilizers play an important role in enhancing harvest growth. In this study, the impact of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat was evaluated, and the resistance of varieties to Puccinia triticina Erikss was also investigated. (also known as Puccinia recondite Rob. ex Desm.) for recommendations in agriculture. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 in a nursery and greenhouse. The sulfur-containing fertilizer contains nutrients that allow you to extend the duration of absorption by the plant, thereby extending the period of their availability to plants, compared to conventional preparations. By encapsulating molten elemental sulfur and impregnating with a solution of calcium polysulfide, a long-acting compound based on amorphous and monocalcium phosphate was developed. The sulfur is in a water-soluble sulfate form, which, in turn, is slowly oxidized by bacteria and retained in the soil. Three different types of the developed sulfur-containing nano-particle have been used to test in greenhouses and nurseries: powdered, pasty sulfur-containing composition, and a solution of calcium polysulfide. The results showed that the use of powdered and dissolved sulfur-containing fertilizers contributed to the early ripeness and increased productivity of wheat. Wheat varieties were tested for the presence of key Lr genes that determine resistance to brown rust. The Omskaya 29 sample showed an immune response according to phytopathological assessment, and molecular screening revealed four resistance genes. The new sulfur-containing product is recommended for improving wheat productivity in agriculture, and the Omskaya 29 variety can also be used as a valuable breeding material resistant to brown rust.
- Published
- 2021
15. Variability features of the early ripeness traits of soybean vegetable and grain forms.
- Author
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Shafigullin, D., Pivovarov, V., and Gins, M.
- Abstract
It is shown that early biological ripeness of the soybean plant in the region of the Central Nonblack earth area with the low sum of active temperatures and short vegetation season has a significant value in agricultural production. It is not only genetically determined but also depends on the conditions of growing and weather-climatic features within the period of crop growth and development. The variability of the early ripeness traits within the interphase development periods was studied at 190 breeding lines representing the vegetable and grain forms of Russian and foreign origin, with a very early and early ripeness groups in the conditions of 55° N latitude. The duration of the vegetation period of the soybean is represented in the form of the sum of the active temperature. The earliest ripening samples of the vegetable and grain soybean are revealed with the necessary sum of the active temperatures-respectively 1838 and 1757°C in the conditions of Moscow oblast. A low variability of the duration of the vegetative, generative, and vegetation periods is specified. The interphase development periods of the vegetable and grain forms, except for the bud and flower formation periods, also has a weak variability degree, which is important to be considered in the breeding work. It is specified that the vegetable forms of the soybean are characterized by a later ripeness than the grain forms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
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16. The results of selection of mixed germ-plasm corn (Zea mays L.) among self-pollinated families S4 for the duration of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period
- Author
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О. Л. Гайдаш
- Subjects
corn ,parent material ,mixed germplasm ,early ripeness ,genotype ,Botany ,QK1-989 - Abstract
The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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17. Diversity of Dagestan barleys for the duration of the period between shooting and earing stages and alleles in the Ppd-H1 and Ppd-H2 loci.
- Author
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Abdullaev, R., Alpatieva, N., Zveinek, I., Batasheva, B., Anisimova, I., and Radchenko, E.
- Abstract
The duration of the shooting-earing period of 265 barley samples from Dagestan was studied. During the 3 years of study at the Dagestan Experimental Station of VIR (Derbent), fast-ripening samples k-15008 and k-15013 were identified. Evaluation of spring forms in the northwestern region of the country made it possible to identify sample k-15027, which had a high rate of development over 2 years. It was found that Dagestan barleys are strongly influenced by growing conditions; that is, they have a high rate of response. Vernalization temperatures, short photoperiod, and high temperatures during the growing season contribute to fast barley ripening. Using molecular markers, the allelic diversity of genes Ppd-H1 and Ppd-H2, which are involved in the control of the duration of the shooting-earing period, was investigated. Most samples of local forms of barley carry dominant allele Ppd-H2, which causes early earing under short photoperiod. Translocation of the studied barley group to unusual conditions of northwest Russia leads to significant delay in plant development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. ОЦІНКА АДАПТИВНОЇ ЗДАТНОСТІ ТА ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ СТАБІЛЬНОСТІ СКОРОСТИГЛИХ ГІБРИДІВ КУКУРУДЗИ (ZEA MAYS L.) В КОНТРАСТНИХ УМОВАХ ВИПРОБУВАННЯ
- Author
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Черчель, В. Ю. and Гайдаш, О. Л.
- Abstract
Objective. Assessment of adaptive ability and environmental stability of new early-season maize hybrids created on the basis of inbred lines of hybrid germplasm and alternative germplasms was performed. Methods. Field, mathematical, and statistical. Results. The results revealed parameters of an adaptive capacity and environmental stability of 11 new inbred maize lines when testing their testcrosses obtained based on 3 testers. The DK285, DK265 and DK412 constant lines, the testcrosses of which had the highest average grain yield (5.49; 5.38; 5.25 t/ha respectively) were distinguished during the research period and they were characterized by high total adaptive capacity (1.48; 1,14; 0.75 respectively) with an intensive and plastic type of response to the variability of growing conditions. It was determined that Cross 267C sister hybrid was distinguished among the tester genotypes by the high values of the effects of the overall adaptive capacity (1.19) and the highest average yield of testcrosses (5.11 t/ha). Conclusions. We observed strong fluctuations in the average yield of grain from 1.96 to 8.13 t/ha during the study period. The level of manifestation of breeding characteristics and parameters of the ecological stability of genotypes depended on weather conditions which changed drastically during the study period and often negatively affected the assessment of genotypes. The high gradient variability of the test environments revealed a significant dependence of the stability-indicating parameters on the productivity of testcrosses. The correlation analysis showed the dependence of the hybrids productivity on the level of implementation of biometric indices of the plant under steppe conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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19. Improving the system of selection and seed production of soft wheat for irrigated lands of Uzbekistan
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Umida Karshieva and Umida Karshieva
- Abstract
The paper is dedicated to creating the source material and a new variety of winter soft wheat, resistant to adverse environmental factors with high rates of economically valuable traits.
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- 2020
20. Production of new early ripening hybrids of large fruited pumpkin ( Cucurbita maxima) based on functional male sterility.
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Bocharnikov, A., Sokolov, A., Sokolov, S., Shantasov, A., and Abakumova, A.
- Abstract
Breeders of the All-Russia Research Institute of Irrigated Vegetable and Melon Growing created new breeding valuable maternal lines CL fms (cut-leaved, choriphyllous) and EL fms (entire-leaved, integrifolious) with the functional male sterility and high general combining ability suitable for the production of early ripening F hybrids of large fruited pumpkin. The conducted analysis of pollen of the forced open anthers of flowers with the functional male sterility demonstrated its high fertility (90.2%) allowing the use of this pollen for artificial pollination. It was found that the functional male sterility of large fruited pumpkin is inherited recessively and controlled by the one gene. Maternal lines CL fms and EL fms demonstrated a high level of general combining ability for the 'ripeness' trait. F hybrids obtained based on these lines were superior to the standard mid-early ripening pumpkin variety Kroshka at 10-18 days; isolated hybrid combinations were at the level of standard variety in terms of yield and solids content. Maternal lines CL fms and EL fms allow the production of the hybrid offspring with brightly colored fruits in contrast to the maternal line LF fms (large fruited) that provided the hybrids with fruits that had different shades of gray color of the cortex. The majority of hybrid combinations allow obtaining fruits of portion size with an average weight of 1-3 kg and high productivity. F1 hybrid combination EL fms × Konfetka-ultra early ripening with colored fruits of portion size and high biochemical indexes was distinguished based on the complex of agronomic characters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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21. ALLELIC DIVERSITY OF THE Ppd AND VRN GENES INVOLVED IN CONTROL OF THE DURATION OF SHOOTINGEARING STAGE IN DAGESTANIAN BARLEY ACCESSIONS
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R. A. Abdullaev, N. V. Alpatieva, Yu. I. Karabitsina, I. A. Zveinek, B. A. Batasheva, I. N. Anisimova, and E. E. Radchenko
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early ripeness ,molecular markers ,Physiology ,ячмень ,аллели локусов ppd и vrn ,photo-periodic sensitivity ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,молекулярные маркеры ,alleles of ppd and vrn loci ,Genetics ,Allelic diversity ,Allele ,Molecular Biology ,Gene ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,скороспелость ,Botany ,barley ,food and beverages ,QK1-989 ,фотопериодическая чувствительность ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The period between shooting and earing stages was investigated in a group of 265 barley accessions from Dagestan. The accessions k-15008 and k-15013 were characterized by the highest development rate in South Dagestan. In Northwest Russia the early accession k-15027 was revealed. In 207 barley accessions the dominant and recessive alleles of the Ppd and VRN genes involved in control of the period between shooting and earing stages were identified with the use of allele-specific molecular markers. Twenty two groups with different allelic combinations of the loci were revealed. The most numerous groups possessed the Ppd-H1Ppd-H2vrn-H1 Vrn-H2vrnH3 and ppd-H1Ppd-H2vrn-H1Vrn-H2vrnH3 allelic combinations and included 59 and 91 accessions correspondingly.
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- 2017
22. Variedades de caña de azúcar de madurez temprana adaptables a ciclos largos de cosecha en los suelos de alta hidromorfía o similares en el país.
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Gómez, José R., Díaz Mújica, F. R., García, H., Jorge, H., Jorge, I., Cruz, R., Ojeda, E., Bernal, N., Aday, O., Manresa, M., Barroso, F., Rodríguez, L., Delgado, I., Gutiérrez, A., Betancourt, Y., and Morales, R.
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- *
VERTISOLS , *SUGARCANE growing , *RIPENING of crops , *SOIL quality , *SUGARCANE varieties , *CROPPING systems , *AGRICULTURE - Abstract
To enhance high sugar productions needed by the Cuban economy it is necessary a great number of high-sugar content varieties which are capable of responding to the requirements to the first harvesting period and also adapted to long-crop cycles. This paper is a solution to this problem as the varieties SP70-1284, C86-12, C85-214, B78505 y C90-317 have shown in the replicated studies and in the commercial validation, that they positively respond to this crop cycle, in superhumid soils (vertisoils), being equal or surpassing such commercial varieties as C323-68, My55-14 etc. in the main agricultural and sugar indicators and also they have a better phytosanitary response to the principal sugarcane pests and diseases, so that, they have been planted in about 7913,86 ha in the 4 sugar mills sited in these soils, due to the experience of Villa Clara with these varieties, they are also being planted in Sancti Spíritus, Cienfuegos, Ciego de Ávila, Holguín and Camagüey counties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
23. НОВЫЕ СОРТА КАРТОФЕЛЯ СЕЛЕКЦИИ СКНИИГПСХ ВНЦ РАН ДЛЯ УСЛОВИЙ ЮГА РОССИИ
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сорт Щербининский ,адаптивность ,early ripeness ,adaptability ,устойчивость ,yield ,Sorokinsky variety ,resistance ,урожайность ,potato ,Shcherbininsky variety ,сорт Сорокинский ,картофель ,скороспелость - Abstract
В статье приведены результаты многолетней работы по созданию новых высокопродуктивных сортов картофеля, столового назначения, адаптивных к условиям СевероКавказского региона, на основе целенаправленного отбора генотипов с комплексом хозяйственноценных признаков. В результате 11летней селекционной работы СКНИИГПСХ ВНЦ РАН от скрещивания генотипов Юбилейный Осетии х (Desiree х Смена) созданы сорта картофеля Щербининский и Сорокинский, (авторы: Болиева З.А., Гериева Ф.Т., Доева Л.Ю., Драева Л.Б., Лихненко С.В., Солдатова Т.Б.) столового назначения, среднераннего срока созревания, устойчивые к раку и золотистой нематоде, относительно устойчивые к фитофторе и вирусным заболеваниям. Определены хозяйственноценные признаки новых сортов: группа спелости среднеранний, назначение по использованию продукции столовое, урожайность (средняя за пять лет) 30,838,2 т/га, масса товарного клубня 88 г, содержание крахмала 13,6, дегустационная оценка в баллах 6, развариваемость среднеразваристый (5), склонность к потемнению мякоти после варки 3, лёжкость хорошая., The article presents the results of many years of work on creating new highly productive varieties of potatoes, table purpose, adaptive to the conditions of the North Caucasus region, based on a targeted selection of genotypes with a set of economically valuable traits. As a result of 11year breeding work of the SKNIIGPSKH VSC RAS, the Shcherbininsky and Sorokinsky potato varieties were created by crossing the genotypes Jubilee Ossetia x (Desiree x Smena) potato varieties (authors: Bolieva ZA, Gerieva FT, Doeva L.Yu., Draeva LB, Likhnenko S.V., Soldatova TB) for table purpose, medium early maturity, resistant to cancer and golden nematode, relatively resistant to phytophthora and viral diseases. The economically valuable traits of new varieties were determined: group of ripeness medium early, purpose of product use table, yield (average over five years) 30.838.2 t / ha, weight of commercial tuber 88 g, starch content 13 , 6, tasting score in points 6, cooking quality medium (5), tendency to darkening of the pulp after cooking 3, keeping quality good., №2 (2019)
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- 2019
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24. Исходный материал овса пленчатого для селекции на урожайность
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ОВЕС ПЛЕНЧАТЫЙ (AVENA SATIVA) ,ЗАСУХА ,ГЕНИСТОЧНИКИ ,УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ,ПОЧВЕННАЯ КИСЛОТНОСТЬ ,GENE SOURCES ,SOIL ACIDITY ,YIELD ,CHAFFY OAT (AVENA SATIVA L.) ,EARLY RIPENESS ,СКОРОСПЕЛОСТЬ ,СОРТООБРАЗЦЫ ,VARIETY SAMPLES ,DROUGHT - Abstract
Исследования проводили с целью изучения особенностей формирования урожайности и элементов продуктивности овса в благоприятных почвенных условиях (рН 6,4; Al+0,96 мг/100 г почвы) и на фоне эдафического стресса (pH 3,93.4,05, Al3+12,60...13,49 мг/100 г почвы) для выделения генетических источников селекционно-ценных признаков. Работа выполнена в Кировской области в 2016-2018 гг. Материалом служили 60 коллекционных образцов овса пленчатого из мировой коллекции. Среди изученных наибольшей скороспелостью отличались образцы 15275 РА 7836-416, 15258 РА 7836-2701, 15264 РА 7967-11690, к-3123 100433-2, к-3124 100433-3 из США. Устойчивость к засухе со стабильной урожайностью на обоих фонах сочетали генотипы к-2981 IFMI 3437 (США) 490 и 140 г/м2 (в благоприятных почвенных условиях и на фоне эдафического стресса соответственно), к-3007 IFMI 3565 (Германия) 510 и 165 г/м2, 15321 Скроколик (Россия) 430 и 195 г/м2, 15178 Бегунок (Россия) 485 и 150 г/м2. Высокими показателями элементов продуктивности в благоприятных условиях характеризовались образцы 15331 КСИ 2167/03, 15330 КСИ 590/0515178 Бегунок (Россия); на фоне эдафического стресса 15213 Яков (Россия), 15264 РА 796711690 (США), 15174 FURLONG; на двух фонах одновременно 15280 55h2106, 15333 КСИ 542/05, 15282 Боец (Россия), 15293 BORYNA (Польша). Выявлена зависимость урожайности и элементов продуктивности от внешних условий среды. На обоих почвенных фонах отмечена высокая изменчивость признаков урожайности (V=15,7.. .25,1 % в благоприятных условиях и 21,1.29,0 % на фоне эдафического стресса), массы зерна с метелки (V=27,2...32,4 % и 27,9.37,0 % соответственно) и числа зерен в метелке (V=24,8...29,3 % и 26,3.32,4 %), наиболее постоянными были показатели длины метелки (V=9,1.11,0 % и 10,4.14,8 %) и массы 1000 зерен (V=10,6.11,4 % и 9,4.13,8 %)., The research was aimed at studying the characteristics of the oats yield formation and its productivity elements under favourable soil conditions (pH value of 6.4; Al3+ concentration of 0.96 mg/100 g of soil) and against the background of edaphic stress (pH value of 3.93-4.05, Al3+ concentration of 12.60-13.49 mg/100 g of soil) to define the genetic sources of breeding valuable traits. The work was performed in the Kirov region in 2016-2018. The material was 60 collection samples of oats from the world collection. Among the studied samples, the following forms from the USA had the earliest ripeness: 15275 PA 7836-416, 15258 PA 7836-2701, 15264 PA 796711690, K-3123 100433-2, K-3124 100433-3. Resistance to drought and a stable yield against both backgrounds were combined in the following genotypes: K-2981 IFMI 3437 (USA) 490 g/m2 and 140 g/m2 (under favourable soil conditions and against the background of edaphic stress, respectively); K-3007 IFMI 3565 (Germany) 510 and 165 g/m2; 15321 Skrokolik (Russia) 430 and 195 g/m2; 15178 Begunok (Russia) 485 and 150 g/m2. High productivity indices of elements under favourable conditions were characteristic for the samples 15331 KSI 2167/03, 15330 KSI 590/0515178 Begunok (Russia); against the background of edaphic stress for the samples 15213 Yakov (Russia), 15264 PA 796711690 (USA), 15174 FURLONG; against two backgrounds simultaneously for the samples 15280 55h2106, 15333 KSI 542/05, 15282 Boets (Russia), 15293 BORYNA (Poland). We revealed the dependence of the yield and productivity elements on the environmental conditions. It was noted the high variability of yield signs (V = 15.7-25.1% under favourable conditions and 21.1-29.0% against edaphic stress, respectively), the weight of grain per panicle (V = 27.2-32.4% and 27.9-37.0%) and the number of grains per panicle (V = 24.8-29.3% and 26.3-32.4%) against the both soil backgrounds. The indicators of the panicle length (V = 9.1-11.0% and 10.4-14.8%) and the mass of 1000 grains (V = 10.6-11.4 % and 9.4-13.8%) were the most stable
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- 2019
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25. Исходный материал ярового ячменя в Якутии
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early ripeness ,grain mass ,яровой ячмень ,variees ,producvity ,yield ,spring barley ,продуктивность ,масса зерна ,сорта ,урожайность ,source material ,исходный материал ,скороспелость - Abstract
Для создания скороспелого, высокоурожайного сорта и гибрида ярового ячменя с высокими технологическими качествами зерна ведущая роль принадлежит научно обоснованному подбору исходного материала на основе его изучения и выявления лучших источников хозяйственно полезных признаков, с последующим включением их в селекционный процесс путем использования в качестве компонентов при формировании питомника гибридизации. В связи с этим изучение коллекционных образцов из мирового генофонда ярового ячменя в условиях Якутии является актуальным и необходимым. В статье приведены результаты исследований исходного материала ярового ячменя по основным хозяйственно ценным признакам в условиях Якутии. За период 2012-2013 гг. в коллекционных питомниках было изучено 152 образца ячменя различного эколого-географического и селекционного происхождения. По итогам изучения выделены лучшие сортообразцы по урожайности (Гандвиг, JО 1032, Datol, Дыгын, Зерноградский, Jessica, Агул-2, Herse, Kasota, Druce), массе 1000 зерен (Jessica, Первоцелинник, Зерноградский, Лазурит), сочетанию большого количества колосков и зерен в колосе (Белозерский, Дыгын, Варде, Herse, Айхал), с высокой продуктивной кустистостью (Зерноградский, Ясный, Лазурит, Омский 91, Svani, Астана 2000), по скороспелости (Herse, Неван, Пикет, Нюрбинский улучшенный, JО 1032, к-7711 местный, Нутанс 970, Белогорский 95). Таким образом, по данным изучения выделен и подобран исходный материал ярового ячменя для дальнейшего использования в гибридизации при создании новых скороспелых, высокоурожайных, продуктивных сортов и гибридов., To create a ripening, high-yielding variety and a hybrid of spring barley with high technological qualies of grain, the leading role is a played by a scienfically based selecon of the source material based on its study and idenfying the best sources of economically useful traits and then incorporang them into the selecon process by using kennel hybridizaon. In this regard, the study of collecon samples from the world gene pool of spring barley in the condions of Yakua is relevant and necessary. This arcle presents the results of studies of the source material of spring barley on the main economically valuable traits in the condions of Yakua. For the period 2012-2013 in collecon nurseries, 152 barley samples of various ecological-geographical and selecve origin studied. According to the results of the study selected the best samples for yield (Gandvig, JО 1032, Datol, Dygyn, Zernogradsky, Jessica, Agul-2, Herse, Kasota, Druce), by mass of 1000 grains (Jessica, Pervotselinnik, Zernogradsky, Lazurit), a combinaon of a large number of spikelets and grains in an ear (Belozersky, Dygyn, Varde, Herse, Aikhal), with high producve bushiness (Zernogradsky, Yasny, Lazurit, Omsky 91, Svani, Astana 2000). In addion, the peculiarity of the weather condions of Yakua highlights the task of reliable ripening of barley variees in most soil-climac zones. Compared with the standard, the group of the earliest ripening variees was idenfied (Herse, Nevan, Picket, Nyurbinsk improved, JО 1032, к-7711 local, Nutans 970, Belogorsky 95). Thus, according to the study, the source material of spring barley selected and selected for further use in hybridizaon in the creaon of new early-ripening, high-yielding, producve variees and hybrids.
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- 2019
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26. ЭТАПЫ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТЬ СЕЛЕКЦИОННОЙ РАБОТЫ ПО СОЗДАНИЮ СКОРОСПЕЛОГО СОРТА КОРИАНДРА, ПРИГОДНОГО ДЛЯ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИЯ ПРИ ОЗИМОМ СРОКЕ СЕВА
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variety ,early ripeness ,sampling ,селекция ,breeding ,кориандр посевной Coriandrum sativum L ,сорт ,crop variety testing ,сортоиспытание ,coriander Coriandrum sativum L ,зимостойкость ,winter hardiness ,скороспелость - Abstract
Производство кориандра требует создания новых высокопродуктивных зимостойких сортов ранних сроков созревания. Цель исследований - создать скороспелый зимостойкий сорт кориандра озимого сева для условий Республики Крым и Юга России. Основные этапы селекционной работы проведены в 2005 - 2010 гг. в институте эфиромасличных и лекарственных растений (ныне входит в состав ФГБУН «НИИСХ Крыма»). Кориандр не имеет озимых и яровых форм и может возделываться при обоих сроках сева, если сорт обладает высокой зимостойкостью. Для получения сорта с оптимальным сочетанием полезных признаков испытание селекционного материала проводили как при озимом, так и при яровом сроках сева, что расширило возможности его оценки. Исходным материалом для получения перспективных образцов служили сорта Ранний, Янтарь, используемые только при яровом сроке возделывания, а также Нектар и Медун, характеризующиеся высокой зимостойкостью и пригодные для обоих сроков сева. По сравнению с ними проводили отбор лучших селекционных номеров. В результате конкурсного сортоиспытания выделен сортообразец R-2752, превысивший контроль по основным хозяйственно полезным признакам, зарегистрированный как новый сорт Силач. По данным конкурсного сортоиспытания урожайность плодов нового сорта - 22,5 ц/га, массовая доля эфирного масла - 2,73 %, сбор эфирного масла - 61,5 кг/га (117,6 % к стандарту сорта Нектар). Вегетационный период при озимом сроке посева составляет 251 день, что на восемь-девять дней короче такового сортов Нектар и Медун. Сорт зимостойкий, скороспелый, устойчив к полеганию и осыпанию семян, пригоден для ярового и озимого сроков сева. С 2016 г. сорт Силач включен в «Государственный реестр селекционных достижений, допущенных к использованию» Российской Федерации., Production of coriander demands the creation of new highly productive winter-hardy and early ripening varieties. The aim of the research was to create an early ripening winter-hardy variety of coriander that can be sown in winter and suitable for the conditions of the Republic of Crimea and the South of Russia. The main stages of breeding work were carried out from 2005 to 2010 at the Institute of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (now a part ofFSBSI“Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”). Coriander does not have winter and spring forms and can be cultivated both as winter and spring crop if the variety is high winter-tolerant. To obtain a variety with an optimal combination of useful traits, testing of the breeding material was carried out both for winter and spring forms, which expanded the possibilities of its evaluation. The varieties ‘Ranniy’ and ‘Yantar’ that are used only as a spring crop, as well as ‘Nectar’ and ‘Medun’ that are characterized by high winter hardiness and suitable for both terms of sowing, were used as an initial material for obtaining promising samples.As a result of competitive variety testing, a promising variety sample R-2752 that exceeded the standard for the main economically useful traits was selected andregistered as a new variety ‘Silach’. According to the competitive variety trial data: fruit yield - 22.5 cwt/ha, mass fraction of essential oil - 2.73 %, collection of essential oil - 61.5 kg/ha (117.6% compared to standard variety ‘Nectar’). The vegetation period, when the crop is sown at winter planting dates, is 251 days that is eight to nine days shorter than for ‘Nectar’ and ‘Medun’ varieties. The variety ‘Silach’ is winter hardy, early ripening, resistant to lodging and seed fall, as well as suitable for spring and winter sowing. Since 2016, the variety ‘Silach’ has been included into the “State Register of Breeding Achievements Approved for Use” of the Russian Federation., №4(16) (2018)
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- 2018
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27. Breeding value of the second generation of soybean populations for «growing season» trait
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early ripeness ,phenotype ,Growing season ,parents ,Biology ,Ripeness ,Crossbreed ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Horticulture ,Laboratory test ,Agronomy ,lcsh:Botany ,Trait ,crossbreeding combinations ,soybean ,hybrid combinations - Abstract
Purpose. Studying the inheritance of such trait of soybean ( Glucine max (L.) Merrill) as growing season length in F 2 and assessing hybrid combinations to identify more quick-ripening phenotypes as compared to parents. Methods. Laboratory test, mathematico-statistical evaluation. Results. In most crossbreeding combinations, when parents differed by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F 2 , in one combination – early ripeness, in two combinations, when parents scarcely differed by growing season length, complementary effect was observed for this index. It was found that ‘Anzhelika’/‘Mageva’ combination generated the highest number of more quick-ripening forms than any of the parents (13.1%), a smaller number was identified in ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’ (6.4%) and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ (4.0%), and barely noticeable number was observed in ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’ combination (1.3%). Conclusions. In the following crossbreeding combinations as ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’, Legenda’/‘Korado’, ‘Legenda’/‘Ustia’, ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’, ‘Yug-30’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 894’/‘Vizhion’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 894’/‘Annushka’, ‘Legenda’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 441’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 441’/‘Vizhion’, ‘No. 441’/‘Annushka’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Prypiat’ when parents considerably and insignificantly differ by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F 2 . ‘Ustia’/‘Vizhion’ and ‘Yug-30’/‘ Vizhion’ crossbreeding combinations in which parents hardly differ by growing season, complementary effect was observed in F 2 for this index.
- Published
- 2016
28. Новый вид клевера (Trifolium pannonicum Jacq.) для кормопроизводства Калининградской области
- Subjects
early ripeness ,phytomeliorative value ,фитомелиоративное значение ,облиственность ,продуктивное долголетие ,раннеспелость ,Hungarian clover variety ‘Premer’ ,productive longevity ,питательность ,feeding value ,leaf coverage ,клевер паннонский сорта Премьер - Abstract
Кормовая база Калининградской области пополнилась новым видом многолетнего клевера — клевером паннонским (Trifolium pannonicum Jacq.) сорта Премьер. Клевер раннеспелый, от весеннего отрастания до укосной спелости проходит 52–65 дней, до созревания семян — 98–110 дней. Высота генеративных побегов (60–80 см) и полуразвалистая многостебельная форма куста способствуют устойчивости к полеганию. В первые 2 года жизни урожайность надземной массы невысокая — 0,8–1,2 т/га. Начиная с третьего года жизни, она значительно увеличивается за счёт числа и высоты побегов. В годы исследований урожайность составляла до 5,14 т/га сухого вещества. Наибольшее содержание сырого протеина (18%) наблюдалось в фазы стеблевания–начала бутонизации, к фазе массового цветения оно снижалось до 15%. Содержание клетчатки увеличивалось по мере старения травостоя с 27 до 33%. Клевер паннонский — облигатный энтомофил, опыляемый шмелями, и от их количества зависит число завязавшихся семян. Семена крупные, масса 1000 зёрен — 4,7 г. Установлена высокая фитомелиоративная роль клевера паннонского, которая напрямую зависит от густоты травостоя. Содержание гумуса в пахотном горизонте почв под клевером паннонским варьируется в пределах 2,6–4,7%. Содержание в почве аммиачного и нитратного азота, подвижного фосфора и обменного калия увеличивается с каждым годом жизни клевера паннонского и имеет положительную зависимость с достоверными коэффициентами аппроксимации., A new species — perennial Hungarian clover (Trifolium pannonicum Jacq.), variety ‘Premer’ — supplemented feed reserve in the Kaliningrad region. A clover is short-season; it takes 52–65 days from spring aftergrowing till cutting time, and 98–110 days — till seed maturation. The height of the generative shoots of 60–80 cm and the semi-loose multicaulis form of the tuft promotes resistance to lodging. In the first 2 years of life cycle, the productivity of the top mass was low — 0.8–1.2 t ha-1. From the third year of life cycle, it significantly increased due to the number and height of shoots. During the years of research, the dry matter yield was up to 5.14 t ha-1. The highest content of crude protein (18%) was observed during shooting–early budding, during the mass flowering it decreased down to 15%. The fiber content increased from 27% to 33% as the sward grew. Hungarian clover is an obligate entomophile pollinated by bumblebees, and the number of set seeds depends on their amount. The seeds are large; 1000 grains weigth is 4.7 g. A high phytomeliorative value of Hungarian clover directly depends on the density of the grass stand. The humus content in the plough-layer under the Hungarian clover varied between 2.6–4.7%. The content in the soil of ammonia and nitrate nitrogen, soluble phosphorus and exchange potassium increased every year of life cycle of the Hungarian clover and had a positive correlation with significant approximation coefficients., №7(2018) (2018)
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. The results of selection of mixed germ-plasm corn (Zea mays L.) among self-pollinated families S4 for the duration of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period
- Subjects
parent material ,early ripeness ,mixed germplasm ,genotype ,Period (gene) ,food and beverages ,Biology ,Ripeness ,Zea mays ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,corn ,Horticulture ,lcsh:Botany ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,Sprouting ,Germ plasm - Abstract
The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period.
- Published
- 2014
30. Селекционная ценность популяций второго поколения сои по признаку «период вегетации»
- Subjects
early ripeness ,UDC 631.52 ,phenotype ,гибридные комбинации ,parents ,батьківські форми ,скоростиглість ,УДК 631.52 ,комбинации скрещивания ,соя культурна ,соя культурная ,crossbreeding combinations ,комбінації схрещування ,soybean ,635.655 ,родительские формы ,гібридні комбінації ,hybrid combinations ,фенотип ,скороспелость - Abstract
Purpose. Studying the inheritance of such trait of soybean (Glucine max (L.) Merrill) as growing season length in F2 and assessing hybrid combinations to identify more quick-ripening phenotypes as compared to parents. Methods. Laboratory test, mathematico-statistical evaluation. Results. In most crossbreeding combinations, when parents differed by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F2, in one combination – early ripeness, in two combinations, when parents scarcely differed by growing season length, complementary effect was observed for this index. It was found that ‘Anzhelika’/‘Mageva’ combination generated the highest number of more quick-ripening forms than any of the parents (13.1%), a smaller number was identified in ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’ (6.4%) and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ (4.0%), and barely noticeable number was observed in ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’ combination (1.3%). Conclusions. In the following crossbreeding combinations as ‘Legenda’/‘Vizhion’, Legenda’/‘Korado’, ‘Legenda’/‘Ustia’, ‘Legenda’/‘Yelena’, ‘Yug-30’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 894’/‘Vizhion’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 894’/‘Annushka’, ‘Legenda’/‘Annushka’, ‘No. 441’/‘Gentleman’, ‘No. 441’/‘Vizhion’, ‘No. 441’/‘Annushka’, ‘Anzhelika’/‘Gentleman’ and ‘Anzhelika’/‘Prypiat’ when parents considerably and insignificantly differ by growing season length, late ripeness was dominated in F2. ‘Ustia’/‘Vizhion’ and ‘Yug-30’/‘ Vizhion’ crossbreeding combinations in which parents hardly differ by growing season, complementary effect was observed in F2 for this index., Цель. Изучение наследования признака продолжительности периода вегетации сои культурной (Glуcine max (L.) Merrill) в F2 и оценка гибридных комбинаций с целью выделения из них более скороспелых фенотипов, чем у родительских форм. Методы. Лабораторный, математико-статистический. Результаты. В большинстве комбинаций скрещивания, где родительские формы отличались по продолжительности периода вегетации, в F2 отмечено доминирование позднеспелости, в одной комбинации – скороспелости, в двух комбинациях, где родительские формы практически не отличались по периоду вегетации, наблюдался комплементарный эффект по данному показателю. Больше всего форм, более скороспелых чем одна из родительских, выделено в комбинации ‘Анжелика’/‘Магева’ (13,1%), меньше – у ‘Легенда’/‘Вижион’ (6,4%), ‘Анжелика’/‘Джентльмен’ (4,0%), и совсем незначительное их количество – 1,3% обнаружено в ‘Легенда’/‘Елена’. Выводы. В комбинациях скрещивания ‘Легенда’/‘Вижион’, ‘Легенда’/‘Корадо’, ‘Легенда’/‘Устья’, ‘Легенда’/‘Елена’, ‘Юг-30’/‘Джентльмен’, ‘№ 894’/‘Вижион’, ‘Анжелика’/‘Аннушка’, ‘№ 894’/‘Аннушка’, ‘Легенда’/‘Аннушка’, ‘№ 441’/‘Джентльмен’, ‘№ 441’/‘Вижион’, ‘№ 441’/‘Аннушка’, ‘Анжелика’/‘Джентльмен’ и ‘Анжелика’/‘Припять’, где родительские формы значительно и мало отличались по продолжительности периода вегетации, в F2 отмечено доминирование позднеспелости. В комбинациях скрещивания ‘Устья’/‘Вижион’ и ‘Юг-30’/‘Вижион’, где родительские формы практически не отличались по периоду вегетации, в F2 наблюдался комплементарный эффект по данному показателю., Мета. Вивчення успадкування ознаки тривалості періоду вегетації у популяціях другого покоління сої культурної (Glуcine max (L.) Merrill) та оцінка гібридних комбінацій з метою виділення з них фенотипів, скоростигліших ніж у батьківських форм. Методи. Лабораторний, математично-статистичний. Результати. В більшості комбінацій схрещування, де батьківські форми відрізнялися за тривалістю періоду вегетації, у популяціях другого покоління встановлено домінування пізньостиглості, в одній комбінації – скоростиглості; в двох комбінаціях, де батьківські форми практично не відрізнялися за періодом вегетації, спостерігався комплементарний ефект за цим показником. Найбільше форм, скоростигліших за одну з батьківських, виділено в комбінації ‘Анжеліка’/‘Магева’ (13,1%), менше – в ‘Легенда’/‘Віжіон’ (6,4%), ‘Анжеліка’/‘Джентльмен’ (4,0%) і зовсім незначну їх кількість – 1,3% виявлено в ‘Легенда’/‘Єлена’. Висновки. В комбінаціях схрещування ‘Легенда’/‘Віжіон’, ‘Легенда’/‘Корадо’, ‘Легенда’/‘Устя’, ‘Легенда’/‘Єлена’, ‘Юг-30’/‘Джентльмен’, ‘№ 894’/‘Віжіон’, ‘Анжеліка’/‘Аннушка’, ‘№ 894’/‘Аннушка’, ‘Легенда’/‘Аннушка’, ‘№ 441’/‘Джентльмен’, ‘№ 441’/‘Віжіон’, ‘№ 441’/‘Аннушка’, ‘Анжеліка’/‘Джентльмен’, ‘Анжеліка’/‘Прип’ять’, де батьківські форми значно й мало відрізнялися за тривалістю періоду вегетації, в F2 виявлено домінування пізньостиглості. В комбінаціях схрещування ‘Устя’/‘Віжіон’ і ‘Юг-30’/‘Віжіон’, де батьківські форми практично не відрізнялися за періодом вегетації, в F2 спостерігався комплементарний ефект за цим показником.
- Published
- 2016
31. Результати добору змішаної зародкової плазми кукурудзи (Zea mays L.) серед самозапилених сімей S4 за тривалістю періоду «сходи–цвітіння 50% качанів»
- Subjects
parent material ,early ripeness ,631.52 ,mixed germplasm ,genotype ,food and beverages ,смешанная зародышевая плазма ,ранньостиглість ,UDС 633.15 ,кукурудза ,corn ,змішана зародкова плазма ,раннеспелость ,генотип ,кукуруза ,исходный материал ,УДК 633.15 ,вихідний матеріал - Abstract
The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period., Приведены результаты оценки и отбора селекционного материала смешанной зародышевой плазмы кукурузы на раннеспелость среди самоопыленных семей S4 по продолжительности периода «всходы–цветение 50% початков». Установлено значительное влияние погодных условий в годы исследования на продолжительность этого показателя. Описана реакция исследуемых тесткросов кукурузы на условия выращивания. Выделены самоопыленные семьи ДК22282111, ДК28211111, ДК21511111, ДК20192321, ДК26143111, которые имели высокую толерантность к условиям выращивания и характеризовались стабильным периодом «всходы–цветение 50% початков»., Наведено результати оцінки та добору селекційного матеріалу змішаної зародкової плазми кукурудзи на ранньостиглість серед самозапилених сімей S4 за тривалістю періоду «сходи–цвітіння 50% качанів». Виявлено значний вплив погодних умов у роки дослідження на тривалість цього показника. Описано реакцію досліджуваних тесткросів кукурудзи на умови вирощування. Виділено самозапилені сім’ї ДК22282111, ДК28211111, ДК21511111, ДК20192321, ДК26143111, які мали високу толерантність до умов вирощування та характеризувалися стабільним періодом «сходи-цвітіння 50% качанів».
- Published
- 2014
32. The results of selection of mixed germ-plasm corn (Zea mays L.) among self-pollinated families S4 for the duration of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period
- Author
-
Гайдаш, О. Л. and Гайдаш, О. Л.
- Abstract
The results of evaluation and selection of breeding material of mixed germ-plasm corn for early ripeness among self-pollinated families S4 by the length of the «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period are given. A signifi cant infl uence of weather conditions during the years of study on the length of this indicator was determined. Response of studied corn test-crosses on growing conditions are described. Self-pollinated families DK22282111, DK28211111, DK21511111, DK20192321, DK26143111 were singled out which had a high tolerance to growing conditions and stable «sprouting–flowering of 50% of ears» period., Приведены результаты оценки и отбора селекционного материала смешанной зародышевой плазмы кукурузы на раннеспелость среди самоопыленных семей S4 по продолжительности периода «всходы–цветение 50% початков». Установлено значительное влияние погодных условий в годы исследования на продолжительность этого показателя. Описана реакция исследуемых тесткросов кукурузы на условия выращивания. Выделены самоопыленные семьи ДК22282111, ДК28211111, ДК21511111, ДК20192321, ДК26143111, которые имели высокую толерантность к условиям выращивания и характеризовались стабильным периодом «всходы–цветение 50% початков»., Наведено результати оцінки та добору селекційного матеріалу змішаної зародкової плазми кукурудзи на ранньостиглість серед самозапилених сімей S4 за тривалістю періоду «сходи–цвітіння 50% качанів». Виявлено значний вплив погодних умов у роки дослідження на тривалість цього показника. Описано реакцію досліджуваних тесткросів кукурудзи на умови вирощування. Виділено самозапилені сім’ї ДК22282111, ДК28211111, ДК21511111, ДК20192321, ДК26143111, які мали високу толерантність до умов вирощування та характеризувалися стабільним періодом «сходи-цвітіння 50% качанів».
- Published
- 2014
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