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Ever since the term “biodiversity” was first defined, it has been used in a mixed way, referring on the one hand to the characterisation of living organisms (which is the domain of systematics), and on the other hand to their functional interactions (which are the domain of ecology). This ambiguity has led to the terms biodiversity and ecosystem being used almost synonymously, a mistake that is both epistemologically and politically damaging. To clear up this confusion, the term biodiversity should be reserved for what we observe when we characterise or discover “what there is” (a task for systematics) at the three infra-specific, specific and supra-specific levels, and the term ecosystem should be reserved for what we observe when we are interested in the functional interactions (“what it does”, a task for ecology) between living organisms, and between the latter and the abiotic environment.

This article explores literature regarding the role of the desert in the broader ecological debate. In Western essentialist discourses, the equatorial forest has often been depicted in its exuberance, i.e., as the extreme opposite of the desert. Initially considered a contemplative and non-cultivated space, a place of absence in all its facets, the desert is accompanied by a metaphysical verticality that sets it apart from the excessive material vitality of the tropical forest. However, beyond their physiological antagonism, these two places share a common resistance to the Anthropocene, particularly to the various forms of colonialism. The novels, Désert (1980) by J.M.G. Le Clézio and Petroleum (2004) by Bessora, each construct a resistance narrative. The former resists the colonization of the Sahara Desert by French and Spanish conquistadors, while the latter resists the "Petrolization" of the Gabonese forest by Western geologists. Both can be placed within the ecological debate and within postcolonial and decolonial perspectives. Concern for the non-human environment is an integral part of the ethical dimension of both. Nature should no longer be perceived merely as a reality to be systematically subtracted but as a presence that "suggests that human history is an integral part of natural history." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health is a key dimension of contemporary food consumption. This preoccupation is beginning to overlap with ecological concerns, as healthy diets are said to largely correspond with sustainable diets. Nevertheless, this link remains rather vague and under-researched in practice. This article adopts an 'embodied materialist' perspective to inquire into how the health–sustainability nexus is articulated in the everyday labour of people engaging in alternative food consumption. The interviews, carried out in Milan (Italy), suggest that focusing on health might not always be straightforwardly effective for the promotion of deep and systemic changes. The analysis finds three ways in which the health–sustainability nexus is articulated in daily life. If framed within the dominant articulation of labour and value, health is an individualistic preoccupation with limited potential for socio-ecological transformation. When food labour is guided by the very different logic of care, which emphasises relationality, fragility and the search for a shared wellbeing, more ecological practices emerge, but with some ambivalent implications especially with regards to social justice. Collective engagement in alternative food networks politicises the body more deeply, making it a concrete site of struggle against unsustainable food regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The question of how the digital economy responds to ecological issues has gained salience in recent years. So far, though, social scientists have primarily taken interest in the ecological positionings of tech entrepreneurs. Little attention has been paid to the middle-class fraction of 'tech workers' who are responsible for programming, designing, and managing the digital technologies that reconfigure socio-material relations. Based on 52 interviews with data scientists and user experience designers, the article analyzes the ecological habitus of this new professional segment. Four central ecological schemas are identified: (1) managing limited resources, (2) critical techno-optimism, (3) academic concern, and (4) lifestyle struggles. Simultaneously, the article discusses how these four schemas relate to the different forms of capital held by tech workers. This mapping of the ecological habitus of tech workers shows how social relationships with nature are underpinned by class positions. The article thus pursues dual aims, contributing to research on green capitalism as well as to debates on how the middle class relates to climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was the preliminary analysis of the vascular flora in the valleys: Bratcu, Chitu, and Polatiște, in the Jiu Gorge National Park (JGNP). The flora study also aimed to track the presence/absence of the protected species Tozzia carpathica Woloszczak. The research took place between May and September 2022. Following this study, the species Tozzia carpathica Woloszczak was not identified in the studied areas. Still, following the taxonomic analysis, we identified 75 taxa from 37 families in the Bratcu Valley, 147 taxa, belonging to 47 families, in the Chitu Valley, and 113 taxa, from 47 families in the Polatiște Valley. Following the analysis of the ecological peculiarities, most of the species were meso-hygrophilous, mesophilic, mesothermic, and eutrophic. In terms of bioforms, hemicryptophytes predominated in all three valleys. The most numerous invasive species were identified in the Bratcu Valley, and the most medicinal plants in the Chitu Valley. The studies will be extended in terms of both seasonal perspective and habitats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La crise climatique actuelle conduit à des spéculations de toutes sortes où les enjeux politiques de pouvoirs et ceux liés aux conséquences économiques rivalisent dans une surenchère médiatique permanente. Ce contexte pourrait paraître anecdotique s'il n'entraînait pas des conséquences directes sur la population et spécifiquement auprès des plus jeunes particulièrement inquiets face au désastre écologique annoncé. Les études récentes menées auprès de la jeunesse relèvent des réactions inédites regroupées derrière différents termes qui sont loin de faire consensus dont le plus emblématique est sans doute celui « d'éco-anxiété » qui se trouve utilisée sans limite. Notre contribution propose une mise au point sur ce qu'est l'éco-anxiété, ses enjeux, les troubles associés et les perspectives à envisager pour une prise en charge adaptée. The current climate crisis is leading to speculation of all kinds where the political stakes of power and those related to the economic consequences compete in a permanent media one-upmanship. This context might seem anecdotal if it did not have direct consequences on the population and specifically on the youngest who are particularly worried about the ecological disaster that has been announced. Recent studies conducted among young people have revealed unprecedented reactions grouped behind different terms that are far from gaining consensus, the most emblematic of which is undoubtedly that of "eco-anxiety", which is used without limit. Our contribution provides an overview of what eco-anxiety is, its challenges, the associated disorders and. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This investigation analyzes an Eastern inspired educational experiment: Auroville, in India, near Pondicherry. This education does not propose a homogeneous and teleologically oriented progression, but rather an open exploration of several universes, in order to introduce students to an uncertain world. The idea would be to devise an alternative, ecological, spiritual model, which would take shape in an academic archipelago, where each school would take the form of small aurovillages, on the model of the utopian society of Auroville, with the creation of a solar kitchen, a medicine by sound, and a culture garden, in order to focus on political ecology. This thought experiment is also accompanied by critical considerations to show the intrinsic limits of such a model, which could nevertheless inspire some boldness in rethinking contemporary education systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Carnets: Revue Electronique d'Etudes Françaises / Revista Electrónica de Estudos Franceses is the property of Associacao Portuguesa de Estudos Franceses (APEF) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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La randonnée littéraire en Provence donne la primeur à Jean Giono et Marcel Pagnol, qui deviennent des acteurs pour la préservation écologique. En labellisant un territoire à leur nom, ces écrivains contribuent à transformer l’espace en territoire de culture, en lieu aménagé, en espace de performance. Ils rendent sensibles la nécessité de retrouver les chemins d’autrefois, d’opérer un travail mémoriel dans l’espace. S’opère donc une archéologie des traces du passage de l’écriture qui fait de la randonnée un objet patrimonial alors même que les pas des écrivains restent invisibles.

Numerous initiatives are mobilizing to make the Earth a better place to live. Positioned as alternatives to urban life, intentional communities and/or ecovillages are now among the most dynamic and structured. Since the late 1990s, projects have been multiplying worldwide, continuing the evolution of an ancient movement into a flourishing international network active on multiple fronts. In the face of growing discourse on ecological issues, their concrete actions are particularly relevant to observe, especially in the context following the COVID-19 global health crisis. To present the holistic dimension of their approach, the paper draws on socio-spatial constructions implemented by four ecovillages currently in operation: La Cité écologique (Canada/United States), Torri Superiore (Italy), Hallingelille (Denmark) and Hameau des Buis (France). While each of these experiences is unique, they all converge on several points: a willingness to integrate their lifestyle choices into an ecological and educational approach connected to their local territory, a foundation of shared values worldwide facilitated by digital tools, and a desire to associate the basis of their social project with the construction of architectures capable of embodying it and supporting its perfectible dimension. Lastly, because it is part of a history of architectural utopias intersecting with that of environmental struggles, their quest allows for a perspective on contemporary eco-habitation issues. Living, Experimenting, Building are the axes proposed to present the cited case studies and highlight their ability to act on reality, even on very small scales.

Cet article propose de repenser la notion de paysage à partir des récits contemporains qui témoignent de l’exploitation de la mine de Sadiola au sud du Mali et de l’industrialisation de l’orpaillage guyanais. Tandis que le paysage suppose la projection d’un regard vers le lointain, l’extractivisme aurifère oblige à se confronter à la matérialité du minerai et à plonger dans les profonds – selon le mot d’Édouard Glissant. À l’instar du paysage, la profondeur induit une perspective et une vision, qui invite à projeter son regard dans les lointains. À l’inverse, les profonds supposent une autre réalité souterraine qui permet de ressentir la vie terrestre dans la terre et donc en dessous de ce que l’on voit sur terre. C’est ce que Glissant appelle aussi la « concrétude de la profondeur ». Il s’agit donc avec les textes d’entrer dans les profonds, cette concrétude énergique qui, il me semble, manque singulièrement au paysage. D’une part, les récits-témoignages guyanais et maliens s’appuient sur une poétique de la concrétude qui associe la matérialité de l’or et le corps des travailleurs pour souligner que les questions écologiques ne sauraient être séparées des questions sociales. D’autre part, la thématique du gigantisme qui se déploie dans les textes, témoignant de la monstruosité du système extractivisme qui se joue à l’échelle mondiale, dépassant la notion de « paysage ». Enfin, les voix des différents acteurs relayées dans les textes s’ancrent profondément dans les lieux spoliés pour mettre en question les conséquences humaines et écologiques de l’exploitation aurifère des sous-sols.

Cette étude porte sur la cartographie écologique de la région de Kikwit, située dans le Territoire de Bulungu, Province du Kwilu en République Démocratique du Congo. L’objectif principal consiste à étudier les paysages de la région de Kikwit en vue de mettre en évidence les unités du paysage susceptibles d’envisager un plan d’aménagement des ressources naturelles des formations végétales de cette dernière. La méthode d’observation (description, analyse et synthèse) appuyée par la technique d’identification et inventaire nous a servis de moyen sur le terrain lors de la collecte des données sur le terrain. Après le traitement et l’analyse des données, les principaux résultats obtenus montrent que la végétation de la région de Kikwit comprend des reliques actuelles de la forêt initiale de type « forêt ombrophile semi-sempervirente guinéo-congolaise sous climat tropical humide avec trois de saison sèche ». Elle est très exploitée, mais seulement quelques centaines d’hectares persistent sous des concessions privées. Ces reliques se révèlent riches en phyto diversité et dont l’inventaire limité aux arbres fait état de 36 espèces réparties en 29 genres appartenant à 19 familles dont les Fabaceae/Caesalpinoideae. Avec une perte de 849,2ha des forêts matures soit 40,72 % de sa superficie en 1990 au profit des formations herbacées soit 34,35 % et autres activités anthropiques, les résultats des analyses statistiques faites sur la déforestation entre les deux années de référence 1990 et 2023 (33 ans) révèlent une augmentation de l’ordre de 160ha des forêts secondaires, soit 10,43% de sa superficie en 1990. Les analyses faites sur les présences de la granulométrie dans les sols des sites étudiés révèlent que, les sols de forêt de l’axe Lusanga contiennent beaucoup de sables (ocre et blanc) soient 89,2 % suivi de ceux des axes Kiyaka avec 87,7%, Kimputu Nseke avec 81,2 % et Kimbinga avec un taux assez faible soit 78,1%. En effet, les sols couverts par des litières ont peu des sables mais, ils contiennent beaucoup plus des limons. Par contre, les sols non couverts par les litières regorge beaucoup plus de sables, tel est le cas de la situation rencontrée dans l’axe Lusanga dont les sols disposent de peu des Limons. Dans l’aire de l’étude, les altitudes varient de 310 à 438m dans les zones forestières, de 438 à 584m dans les formations herbacées et de 584 à 730m dans les zones anthropiques. Au vu de la situation telle qu’elle se présente actuellement, il faut aménager cette région de Kikwit et ses environs en vue de migrer vers une utilisation rationnelle des différentes unités écologiques, définir les fonctions spécifiques, doter à chaque portion, région ou relief, une fonction précise.

Introduction: Resterilizable medical devices go through a washing process, where the temperature/duration pairing usually comply with an A0=3000 factor. In the context of energy tensions, we aimed to determine the most energy-efficient pairing. Method: We modeled the curve corresponding to the equation controlling the A0 = 3000 factor, then select the pairs to be measured, corresponding to the curve's inflection points. We installed a multimeter to measure the power consumption of our washer. Power consumption was computer-modeled, and the lowest point of the curve was determined. Results: The power consumption of our washer follows a polynomial curve of equation 32.043.x² - 5875.3.x + 276555 (R=0.993). The lowest point on the curve corresponds to the 92°/190s couple, with lower power consumption than the 93°/180 s couple currently used in service (p < 0.05). With over 1990 cycles per year and a cost reduction of almost 30%, the potential saving would be €915. Discussion: We were able to determine the most economical pairing in terms of power consumption on our washer. Further measurements are to be carried out on our other washers, to determine whether the results observed are also applicable to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Having appeared in 2002 in the author's suburban garden, a single plant of Dactylorhiza fuchsii gave rise, by April-May 2023, to a population of 764 plants in a vegetative state, of which 32% were flowering in June. The generative dispersal of the orchid throughout the lawn suggests that the symbiotic fungus is also present everywhere in the soil. The ecology of the orchid is discussed, taking into account the rather acid and by no means calcareous nature of the oligotrophic soil of the garden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cybercrime is now the most common form of crime in Canada and causes significant financial and psychological harm. The criminal justice system struggles to address cybercrime due to its complexity, scale, and global nature. Criminologists are also challenged to think about cybercrime beyond established theoretical frameworks. An interdisciplinary approach is required to understand this phenomenon and enable us to craft effective policies. The discipline of ecology can provide valuable insights and a practical integrative framework through the concepts of community, interaction, and emergent effects. First, a high-level outline is provided of how the cybercrime ecosystem can be analyzed using basic ecological concepts and principles. This framework is then applied to the security community, showing how it is populated with a diversity of organizational and institutional entities that can be enabled or compelled to act in ways that enhance online security through a broad set of regulatory strategies. Finally, three innovative configurations that take advantage of this regulatory pluralism and novel forms of collaboration are described to illustrate how alternatives can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of cybercrime with promising outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Le chapitre IV du roman Mauprat se distingue par une dimension écopoétique visant à dénoncer le geste criminel de Bernard de Mauprat à l’encontre de la chouette de Patience. Pour ce faire, George Sand reprend les codes poétiques du conte de fées qui servent comme matériaux littéraires pour sensibiliser le lecteur au crime de Bernard. En effet, Sand reprend le motif topique de la scène du châtiment, infligé aux héros du conte par un sorcier ou une fée, afin d’inscrire un message didactique en faveur du respect des animaux et de l’environne-ment. Elle reprend également le motif terrifiant de la forêt dans l’optique de proposer une expérience initiatique qui invite Bernard à découvrir les puissances surnaturelles de la nature et à prendre conscience de sa petitesse. Dès lors, la scène de châtiment se métamorphose en une expérience ontologique qui conduit le récit à retrouver les origines du mythe par le biais des motifs folkloriques propres au conte. Cette expérience esthétique répond au vœu écopoétique énoncé récemment par Jean-Christophe Cavallin : l’écologie du récit tend à faire retour vers un monde archaïque reconnectant l’humain à l’environnement.

Le texte propose une analyse de l'acte de manger chez Emmanuel Levinas. Plus spécifiquement, nous nous concentrons sur le manger et le travail. Le manger et le travail sont deux types d’appropriation possibles du monde par l’ipséité. Notre but est de décrire les deux types d’appropriation du monde chez Emmanuel Levinas et de les comparer. On en tirera des possibles conséquences pour une pensée écologique dans la conclusion parce que le manger éfface les frontières entre l'humain et le non-humain. Il s'agit d'un essai écologique de déconstruire le rapport entre l’humain et le monde, qui se montre dans l’acte de manger.

This paper advocates for accepting hemp as an alternative material for creating environmentally friendly products in various aspects of modern life. The neglect of this plant has led to a cultural gap in Romania that is challenging to mend. Hemp has now been proven to be useful in not only rural areas and construction, but also in modern interiors to create a healthy and eco-friendly environment for both humans and the planet. The expansion of hemp's utilization as a raw material is encouraged in numerous everyday applications, as it is carbon-positive and biodegradable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article s'intéresse à la représentation et à ses implications politiques de la forêt dans la photographie contemporaine, et aux implications politiques de sa présence. Il montre que la forêt résiste aujourd'hui à une figuration sur le mode du paysage. Les travaux de Chrystel Lebas ou de Ritual inhabitual, qui sont examinés en détail, rompent vigoureusement avec ce régime de représentation. Chacune à leur façon, ces oeuvres renouent avec des procédures anciennes de fabrication des images qui les rapprochent de la liquidité et de la chimie des phénomènes naturels. Toutes deux combinent aussi en des dispositifs sophistiqués des plans d'ensemble et des vues rapprochées de végétaux afin de donner à penser la réalité complexe d'un écosystème vivant. Grâce à une documentation diversifiée, elles présentent enfin la forêt comme un milieu qui échappe à la distinction entre nature et culture pour constituer un tout complexe en évolution, sensibilisant à la nécessité d'une préservation, qui ne peut être assimilée à une sanctuarisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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L’agriculture industrielle, nourrie par des logiques extractives et productivistes, est régulièrement tenue pour responsable des désastres écologiques et sociaux et de leur accélération, qu’il soit question de perte de la biodiversité et de destruction des sols due à l’omniprésence des monocultures, de l’augmentation des maladies professionnelles imputées à l’usage des pesticides ou encore du taux de suicide alarmant dans le monde agricole. Face aux méfaits de l’agriculture industrielle dominante, de plus en plus d’agriculteurs et d’agricultrices valorisent des manières singulières de cultiver la terre et d’habiter le territoire, des modes de vie qui mettent à l’avant-plan toute l’importance de la sobriété. Prenant appui sur une enquête sociologique menée auprès d’une diversité d’initiatives agricoles et alimentaires alternatives québécoises, cet article montre en particulier que cette quête de sobriété, centrée sur la réappropriation des conditions matérielles d’existence et de subsistance, se matérialise de trois façons principales. Elle s’ancre tout d’abord dans une démarche visant à être plus autonome et indépendant vis-à-vis du modèle agricole et alimentaire productiviste et consumériste. Elle se traduit ensuite par la volonté des acteurs et actrices de réinscrire leurs pratiques agricoles dans « les territoires du vivant ». Enfin, cette sobriété s’incarne dans l’adoption d’un mode de vie plus solidaire, collectif et convivial.

Le sens élaboré intérieurement doit trouver une forme d’expression interactionnelle à même d’affirmer ses qualités originaires ; les résultats inespérés d’une longue négociation aspirent légitimement à se traduire en un contrat reconnu et sauvegardé par les institutions ; et naturellement, le processus doit être renversé car un contrat juridique doit se manifester dans une interaction comme accord sur les rôles à jouer, la loyauté de l’interaction doit se convertir en sincérité, etc. Notre objectif est d’identifier trois circuits généraux de la signification : un circuit interne, lié à l’introjection et à la subjectivation des valeurs ; un circuit externe, qui est cultivé et administré par des juridictions institutionnelles ; un circuit liminaire, qui se positionne à l’interface entre l’interne et l’externe et qui se concrétise à travers l’interaction. Les circuits interne, externe et liminaire forgent des mondes, à savoir des écologies, asymptotiquement closes (circuits interne et externe) ou ouvertes (circuit liminaire) autour d’instances subjectales, institutionnelles et groupales. La générativité du sens n’est plus saisie à partir des relations hiérarchiques (hyper ou hyponymiques) ou d’une syntaxe de conversions. Au contraire, le sens est vu comme le produit d’une élaboration progressive et multiniveau à travers des circuits dont l’un fonctionne comme processus maïeutique de l’autre, ouvrant des conditions de possibilité locales d’individuation actantielle (instances) et de territorialisation (zones). En ce sens, chaque gestion du sens est à son tour confronté avec son faire sens (ou pas), ce qui qualifie une forme de vie en couplage avec son propre environnement.

The recent works of Juliana Chow, Alexander Menrisky, and Lowell Wyse on ecology, natural history, and ecospatiality in American literature respectively include some interesting insights into the interpretation of the ecological. Chow explores literary representations of natural history in terms of feminism in relation to science and critical race theory and discusses diaspora and "biogeography." Menrisky examines the identity politics of ecology in American literature. Wyse focuses on space to examine prose works in modern and contemporary American literature through the lens of place. These authors create studies that invite further thought about the possibilities of ecological literature and criticism, the human relation to the environment and the role of literature in representing and understanding the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Orchidaceae Family is the most diversified and widespread higher plant family worldwide. In Romania, orchids are found from the coastal sandy dunes of the Black Sea, to the highest rocky cliffs at an altitude over 2000 m. They grow in any type of soil (from slightly acid to basic), covering the whole range of humidity, from the driest areas to the most humid marshes and swamps. Some of them are sun-loving species, growing in full sun, in short grasslands and meadows, while others are shadow-loving species, growing hidden in the middle of the darkest forests. The paper presents 39 orchid species (from 62 species found in Romanian Flora), which can be found also in Argeș county. One explanation for the large number of species in the Argeș county could be the diversity of habitats. The orchid species described in the paper will be ordered alphabetically, accompanied by the ecology, coenology and chorology in the Argeș county. It is very important to know the distribution of orchids in our country, because in this way changes in the ecosystems can be prevented, thus ensuring the survival and perpetuation of such rare and beautiful plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the food composition of 39 individuals belonging to four lizard species (Lacerta viridis, Lacerta agilis, Podarcis tauricus, Zootoca vivipara). The studied lizards accidentally fell in pitfall traps installed in north-western Romania (Bihor and Satu-Mare counties) in the years 2004, 2008, and 2009. Among the 39 lizards, only three did not have stomach contents. Only in the case of P. tauricus all studied individuals had stomach contents. L. agilis had a higher food diversity, as it consumed preys that were larger, harder, and more rigid compared with the other species. At the opposite pole, Z. vivipara had a lower feeding intensity; it consumed a lot of soft and small-sized preys, as its feeding is focused primarily on spiders. The low feeding intensity of Z. vivipara could be a consequence of the fact that in the region, it is distributed in plain areas, thus at an unusual altitude for this species in Romania. P. tauricus had a food composition that reflects the peculiarities of the habitats it populates in north-western Romania, namely areas with sandy soil. In the case of L. viridis, the reduced food composition and diversity is probably a consequence of the small number of individuals identified in the pitfall traps. Our results indicated the importance of the university scientific collections in offering complex information and that even the lizards accidentally collected in pitfall traps can offer numerous information on them, just like those originating from road mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Public concern about environmental issues is one of the main reasons for the new concept in the design of the "environmental approach". The clothes of the future should reflect problems of ecology of the person, to be attractive, to transfer to it sensations of calmness, naturalness, the liberties causing positive emotions. The problem of ecologization of consumption has led to a qualitative change in the design tasks - not so much improvement of form and function as reduction of excessive quantity of design products, revision of materials and technologies, formation of a new structure of needs has come to the fore.The environmental trend in design, which became a response to the negative consequences of technological progress, arose back in the 1970s. It is focused on maximum savings in resources and materials, achieving an optimal cost ratio in the production of a product and its durability, development of new materials and technologies that do not harm the environment. The ecological approach to design has become fundamentally new, posing completely new challenges for design. The ecological approach to design has become fundamentally new, posing completely new challenges for design. The ecological style of that time involved clothing made from natural fabrics, with a predominance of natural colors. However, since then there have been changes in understanding the impact of environmental issues on clothing design. The ecological approach is becoming the main component of the designers' philosophy. Designers began to use environmentally friendly materials, including recycled materials that are absolutely harmless to the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nous étudions la problématique écologique de l’organisation mathématique «quadrilatères» au second cycle de l’enseignement fondamental malien, sur la période 1960 à 2020, en nous appuyant sur les programmes et les manuels de cette période, ainsi que la théorie Anthropologique du Didactique et aux trois dimensions d´un problème didactique. Notre étude montre que le savoir «quadrilatères » n’était pas parfaitement défini au départ et que c’est avec le temps qu’il est bien clarifié. Nous observons aussi que certaines praxéologies ont évolué en ce qui concerne les techniques utilisées. Du point de vue de la dimension écologique, nous observons que certains types de tâches ont disparu et d’autres ont fait leur apparition. A la fin de notre étude, nous proposons un modèle praxéologique de références mettant en jeu des organisations mathématiques et des types de tâches susceptibles de favoriser une organisation didactique prenant les différentes caractéristiques des quadrilatères.

Le déjà-vu est un objet qui révèle et problématise un passage épistémologique délicat entre sémiotique du discours et sémiotique de l’expérience. Une des options permettant de répondre à cette difficulté semble être de considérer une sémiotique écologique – plus englobante –, qui intègrerait l’historicité et la contingence au sein d’une adaptation « risquée ». Dans ce cadre, si le travail de la différence et de la répétition pose « l’émergence » devant la « réciprocité » et que le travail de la permanence et du changement révèle l’importance d’une « confiance » émancipée « d’authenticité », alors le travail de la multiplicité et de la singularité fait prévaloir la « plasticité » sur la « combinatoire ». Ainsi, en envisageant la vie du sens depuis les notions d’émergence, de confiance et de plasticité, cet effort dialectique permet de concevoir les significations comme l’excédent d’un processus adaptatif qui, dans l’entrelacs du conscient et du non-conscient sur fond d’imprédictibilité, vise une continuelle réduction de l’imprévisibilité.

We summarise all known data on the liverwort Mannia triandra (Scop.) Grolle in Montenegro. This species was previously only known from literature. During our fieldwork between 2016 and 2022, we were able to detect it in seven parts of the country at 18 localities. It occurs mainly in the southwestern part of the country, at altitudes between 40 and 1720 m above sea level, mainly in small caves or crevices in north, north-east and east exposure. These are mostly small populations with only a few individuals. Due to this increase in recent occurrences, Montenegro has a great responsibility for the conservation of this rare species, which is protected and endangered throughout Europe. However, following the IUCN criteria, we estimate that Mannia triandra should be considered endangered (VU) in Montenegro, too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the scope of a global research on the "Allotetraploid Marsh-Orchids", this study concentrated on populations of critical taxa that are reported from the Grand Est region of France, namely D. devillersiorum, D. vosagiaca and D. parvimajalis. On the basis of morphometrical measurements and multivariate statistical analyses (discriminant analysis, cluster analysis), it is shown that those taxa correspond to well separable entities, with distinct ecological preferences. D. devillersiorum is typical of tufa fens of the Langres Plateau, but also inhabits alkaline marshes in the Jura and in the Cenozoic Paris Basin. D. vosagiaca can be found in acidic peat bogs in the North-East of the Grand Est, where it is extremely rare, as well as in the South-Palatinate (Germany). The populations of D. parvimajalis are confirmed in their localities from the High Vosges, in acidic peat bogs. Comments on the discriminant characters between the three entities are provided. A discussion is proposed on necessary protection measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L’hémodialyse à domicile doit rester une technique parmi tant d’autres pour traiter l’insuffisance rénale terminale. Pour cela tout doit être mis en place pour que les patients puissent avoir le choix, aidés par leur équipe soignante. La gestion de l’accessibilité à un traitement d’eau à domicile reste encore de nos jours difficile malgré les progrès notables lors des dernières décennies. Le développement de l’HDQD sans avoir à installer un traitement d’eau au domicile des patients est un progrès notable qui a donné un élan nécessaire au développement du traitement du patient au domicile. Les défis restent grands malgré tout, notamment pour le développement de la dialyse à sorbants qui devrait revoir le jour avec l’aide des nanotechnologies cela aidera à augmenter le nombre de patients, mais aussi à avoir une attitude éco responsable, en diminuant les quantités d’eau utilisées et les déchets générés par ce type de traitement.

Cunoașterea cu precizie a sferei de cuprindere ce aparține unui domeniu sau ramuri de drept este o condiție indispensabilă evoluției oricărei ramuri din sistemul dreptului. Este și cazul dreptului mediului. În pofida diferitelor dezbateri asupra denumirii corecte a ramurii preocupate de protecția factorilor de mediu, lansate în spațiul doctrinar încă din momentul apariției sale, astăzi tot mai mulți specialiști dedicați domeniului utilizează sintagma „dreptul mediului” atunci când se referă la relațiile juridice constituite cu ocazia protecției juridice a mediului, dezvoltării, conservării și folosirii raționale a tuturor componentelor de mediu, inclusiv și cele antropice. Cu toate acestea, actualmente mai există unele controverse în privința certitudinii segmentului juridic de preocupare a ramurii de drept a mediului, fiind adesea confundat cu cel al științei ecologia, suprapus chiar la nivel de abordare științifică și didactică. Din respectivul considerent, am decis ca prin studiului de față să punem capăt discuțiilor ce complică și mai mult lucrurile, încercând a arăta că ecologia și mediul, respectiv, dreptul mediului sunt domenii distincte, deși foarte apropiate, corelate și coexistente în sistemul dreptului.

La poésie de François Cheng se caractérise par sa richesse et par sa nouvelle vision poétique unissant la langue, la culture, la philosophie et l'écologie. Double Chant est l'un des recueils les plus importants dans la production poétique de François Cheng. Ce recueil est composé de deux parties: " Un jour les pierres " et " L'arbre en nous a parlé" encadrant la pensée poétique de Cheng, située entre l'arbre et le rocher. Le titre du recueil manifeste le nœud de la pensée de Cheng qui enchante la double perception de la nature, de l'écologie et de la vie. Il manifeste l'expression de l'intimité poétique en français mais vêtue d'une référence culturelle chinoise. Dans cet article, nous adaptons l'analyse lexico-sémantique dépendant des théories de Michel Deguy, de Nicolas Journet et de Henri Boyer manifestant la relation écologie, culture, identité et langue. Cette théorie montre la variété des composantes du lexique poétique de François Cheng et de toutes ses figurations langagières. Toutes ces composantes disparates produisent un langage poétique écarté de la norme commune et présentent un nouvel univers poétique, basé sur le dialogue intime entre l'homme et l'écologie. يتميز شعر فرانسوا شانج بثرائه ورؤيته الشعرية الجديدة ، التي توحد بين اللغة والثقافة والفلسفة والبيئة، والمجموعة الشعرية "الأنشودة المزدوجة" هي واحدة من أهم المجموعات في الإنتاج الشعري للشاعر ، وتتکون من جزأين: "الأحجار ذات يوم " و"الشجرة التي تتکلم فينا " وهذان الجزآن يؤطران للمفهوم الشعري لشانج المحصور بين الشجرة والصخرة، ويظهر عنوان المجموعة جوهر فکره ، الذي يوضح الإدراک المزدوج للطبيعة والبيئة والحياة. ويتجلى جمال الأسلوب الشعرى لشانج بأنه أسلوب فرنسي بنکهة ثقافية صينية. يعتمد هذا البحث على التحليل الدلالي المعجمي لتوضيح دور اللغة والثقافة والهوية في التعبير الشعرى، مستندا على نظريات ثلاثة من منظري علم اللغة الاجتماعي الحديث : ميشيل ديغي ، نيکولاس جورنيت و هنري بوير والتي تقوم على توضيح العلاقة بين البيئة والثقافة والهوية واللغة، وقد اعتمدنا ايضا في هذا البحث على المفهوم النفسي کأساس للعلاقة الوطيدة بين الشاعر المرتبط بثقافته وأصله العرقي وتعبيره اللغوي الشعرى. ويقدم عالما شعريا جديدا ، يقوم على الحوار بين الإنسان والبيئة، مما يتيح أشکال مختلفة من اللغة الفرنسية ، فنرى لغة فرنسية زنجية، وأخرى تمل الطابع الثقافي الکاريبي أو الأسيوي ، مما يتيح الفرصة للتداخل الثقافي وانعکاسه على لغة التعبير.

Our contribution aims to be an analysis of some of the many proposals put forward by the world of the arts, increasingly engaged in the ecological debate, to be able to repair the fracture that, over time, seems to have crossed between the human being and his environment. By analyzing some works (the study on trees by Olga Kisseleva, the Microbiocene by the Dutch collective NIOZ, the imaginary plant world by John McCormack, the life-generating artificial incubator by Austrian designers, Julia Kaisinger and Katharina Unger), we show how, both through a return to an ancestral past, the creation of a fictional past, the projection into a possible or imaginary technofuture, the reconciliation between ars and technè takes place in the imagination of artists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]