1. Locomotion dependent neuron-glia interactions control neurogenesis and regeneration in the adult zebrafish spinal cord
- Author
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András Simon, Andrea Pedroni, Caghan Kizil, Maria Bertuzzi, Konstantinos Ampatzis, and Weipang Chang
- Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy ,metabolism [Neural Stem Cells] ,Adult neurogenesis ,Synaptic Transmission ,Neural Stem Cells ,Receptors, Cholinergic ,cytology [Neural Stem Cells] ,Spinal cord injury ,Zebrafish ,metabolism [Interneurons] ,gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ,Neurons ,Spinal cord ,Multidisciplinary ,biology ,Neurogenesis ,growth & development [Spinal Cord] ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,metabolism [Neurons] ,GABAergic ,ddc:500 ,Neuroglia ,Locomotion ,Science ,Neural circuits ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,Interneurons ,Physical Conditioning, Animal ,metabolism [Receptors, Cholinergic] ,medicine ,Animals ,metabolism [Receptors, GABA-A] ,metabolism [gamma-Aminobutyric Acid] ,Progenitor cell ,metabolism [Neuroglia] ,cytology [Spinal Cord] ,Regeneration (biology) ,General Chemistry ,Recovery of Function ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Receptors, GABA-A ,physiology [Spinal Cord] ,Neuron ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Physical exercise stimulates adult neurogenesis, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. A fundamental component of the innate neuroregenerative capacity of zebrafish is the proliferative and neurogenic ability of the neural stem/progenitor cells. Here, we show that in the intact spinal cord, this plasticity response can be activated by physical exercise by demonstrating that the cholinergic neurotransmission from spinal locomotor neurons activates spinal neural stem/progenitor cells, leading to neurogenesis in the adult zebrafish. We also show that GABA acts in a non-synaptic fashion to maintain neural stem/progenitor cell quiescence in the spinal cord and that training-induced activation of neurogenesis requires a reduction of GABAA receptors. Furthermore, both pharmacological stimulation of cholinergic receptors, as well as interference with GABAergic signaling, promote functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Our findings provide a model for locomotor networks’ activity-dependent neurogenesis during homeostasis and regeneration in the adult zebrafish spinal cord., The mechanisms stimulating adult neurogenesis are unclear. Here, the authors show the contribution of cholinergic and GABAergic signalling within the locomotor network to spinal cord neurogenesis during homeostasis and regeneration, showing neurogenesis depends on circuit activity in the adult zebrafish.
- Published
- 2020