Search

Završni rad tematizira kulturu i jezik, jedne od temeljnih odrednica pojedine zajednice, nacije i slično. Kroz simboličan naslov „Istriotski jezik kao dio kulturnog identiteta Istre“ obuhvatit će se široka lepeza aktualnih tematika. Primjerice, višejezičnost i multikulturnost Istre kao vodeće turističke destinacije Republike Hrvatske, dijapazon mogućnosti koje jezik nudi i slično. Iako na prvi pogled obična zemlja, Republika Hrvatska nadilazi okvire nametnutih pretpostavki te pruža jedinstven doživljaj. Kako je već i napomenuto, jedan od „kulturnih dragulja“ Hrvatske zasigurno je i Istarski poluotok čiji je identitet izgrađen na pojmovima multikulturnosti i višejezičnosti. Nadalje, prema statističkim podacima na svijetu se govori približno 7000 jezika. Iako naizgled enormna brojka, stvarnost donosi drugačiju sliku. Neosporna je činjenica kako gotovo na svakodnevnoj bazi nestane djelić nečega, od civilizacija, tradicija i običaja, spomenika, građevina do, nažalost, jezika. Brojna materijalna i nematerijalna baština Republike Hrvatske nalazi se na UNESCO-ovoj listi svjetske baštine. Međutim, jezik kao da je izostavljen. O ozbiljnosti situacije svjedoče i predviđanja svjetskih lingvista, prema kojima čak trima jezicima u Republici Hrvatskoj prijeti izumiranje. Odnosno, istroumunjskom jeziku, arbanškom govoru te naposljetku istriotskom jeziku. Ovim završnim radom pruža se kratak uvid u osobitosti istriotskog jezika s naglaskom na Istriotski lingvistički atlas, odnosno tematizira se nezahvalna pozicija toga djelića istarskog identiteta koji je korak do potpunog zaborava, te se ukazuje na važnost veće uključenosti lokalnih i turističkih zajednica te ostalih organizacija u njegovu očuvanju. Također, prisutan je i kratak pregled mogućnosti zaštite i valorizacije istriotskog jezika. The final paper focuses on culture and language, one of the fundamental determinants of a particular community, nation, etc. Through the symbolic title "The Istriot language as part of the cultural identity of Istria", a wide range of current topics have been covered. For example, the multilingualism and multiculturalism of Istria as the leading tourist destination of the Republic of Croatia, the range of possibilities that the language offers. Although at first glance an ordinary country, the Republic of Croatia goes beyond the bounds of imposed assumptions and offers a unique experience. As already mentioned, one of the "cultural jewels" of Croatia is certainly the Istrian peninsula, whose identity is built on the concepts of multiculturalism and multilingualism. Furthermore, according to statistics, approximately 7000 languages are spoken in the world. Although a seemingly enormous figure, the reality presents a different picture. It is an indisputable fact that a piece of something disappears almost daily, from civilizations, traditions and customs, monuments, buildings to, unfortunately, languages. Numerous tangible and intangible heritage of the Republic of Croatia is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. However, the language seems to have been left out. The seriousness of the situation is evidenced by the predictions of world linguists, according to which as many as three languages in the Republic of Croatia are threatened with extinction. In other words, the Istro-Romanian language, the Arbanasi language and finally the Istriot language. This final paper provides a brief insight into the peculiarities of the Istrian language with an emphasis on the Istrian Linguistic Atlas, that is the ungrateful position of that part of the Istrian identity which is a step to complete oblivion is thematized, and the importance of greater involvement of local and tourist offices and other organizations in its preservation is pointed out. Moreover, there is a brief overview of the possibilities of protection and valorization of the Istriot language.

This study compares the differences between the distribution of trace elements and rare-earth elements (REEs) formed under reducing and oxidizing soil conditions during pedogenesis on carbonate bedrock. Terra rossa (TR) soils, representing pedogenesis under oxic conditions, and Cretaceous palaeosols (CP), representing pedogenesis under reducing conditions, were sampled on the Istrian peninsula. They were studied by ICP-MS, ICP-OES, XRF, XRD, sequential extraction and statistical analyses. The differences in trace-element behaviour between the TR and CP stem from different redox conditions, but the most remarkable difference was observed in the behaviour of the REEs. Statistical analyses revealed that in TR soils all the REEs showed a very positive correlation, while in CPs the light REEs and heavy REEs showed an internal, very positive correlation. TR soils have almost twice as much REEs as CPs. This difference is pedogenetic, as both materials have a very similar amount of REEs in the residual fraction. While TR soils have the same amount of REEs in fractions other than the residual fraction, CPs have almost no REEs in these fractions. Different REE patterns obtained from sequential extraction, such as a middle-REE enrichment and a positive Ce anomaly in TR soils and light-REE depletion, heavy-REE enrichment, positive Ce and Eu anomalies in CPs, contributed to an understanding of the redox and pedogenetic processes. This study successfully emphasized the influence of different redox conditions on the behaviour of trace and rare-earth elements during pedogenesis on a carbonate bedrock and the ability of the REEs to track pedogenetic processes.

Data presented in this article was created using a Croatian instrument called sopela – a traditional hand-made wooden aerophone of piercing sound, characteristic to the Istrian peninsula in western Croatia. The instrument is always played in pair (plural form: sopele), which consists of two voices: a small sopela and a great sopela. The data contains Waveform Audio File format (WAV) files, capturing every possible distinct tone of both sopele, as well as their polyphonic combinations. Additional data encompassed in the provided dataset are music scales and real music pieces, which contain specific traditional melodies. Every melody has a corresponding music sheet, presented in a Portable Document Format (PDF) file, which describes it in a human-readable manner. The specific Istrian scale music notation was applied while creating the music sheets. The data presented here was successfully utilised for developing, training and testing an automatic music transcription (AMT) solution, capable of converting sopele audio recordings into musical scores [1].

International audience; The emergence and early development of agro-pastoral activities in Mediterranean coastal areas were key drivers of ecosystem change. While the role of anthropogenic pressures is now well understood, the identification and chronology of the first human imprints on ecosystem dynamics is still an open debate in several countries, especially in the northeastern Adriatic where there is a paucity of palaeoecological data. For the period 5200-3200 cal BP, we here report a comprehensive and integrative study of Northern Adriatic Croatia (Istrian Peninsula, Busuja Bay), showing that: (i) significant human impacts on ecosystems began around 5000 years ago, during the Chalcolithic; (ii) anthropogenic pressures (agriculture and human-induced fire) were the main drivers of long-term ecological change; (iii) local coastal shifts (higher seawater inputs in the sheltered bay) also played a decisive role in ecosystem dynamics; and (iv) climate pressures compounded human impacts. We also suggest that wild olive trees (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. sylvestris) were an integral part of early diversified agriculture, 500 years before the Bronze Age.

Više od polovice istarskog poluotoka zauzima krški reljef, odnosno dio je dinarskog krša. Sukladno tomu velik je broj speleoloških objekata s bogatom špiljskom faunom i s mnogo enedemičnih vrsta životinja na tome području. U radu se istražuju speleološki objekti u Istri s naglaskom na one objekte koji su turistički valorizirani. Analiziranjem podataka speleološkog katastra o 236 speleoloških objekata na području Istre napravljena je njihova sistematizacija, klasifikacija te prostorna distribucija špilja i jama. Istraženo je kako uopće nastaju endogeni krški oblici, koliko ih ima na području Istre i kakva je njihova rasprostranjenost. Na području Istre prevladavaju jame (75%) i to u kategoriji do 50 m dubine. Prema klasifikaciji špilja temeljenoj na duljini kanala najviše ima malih špilja, onih do 50 m. Nadalje, analizom i kompiliranjem postojećih izvora podataka i literature te intervjuiranjem koncesionara turističkih špilja i jama, kao i djelatnika nadzorne javne ustanove, prikupljani su i obrađeni podatci o turističko valoriziranim objektima. Također se ustvrdila veza između speleoloških objekata i turizma, odnosno cilj je bio objasniti kako turizam utječe na ekosustav speleoloških objekata te što je sve potrebno kako bi se jedan takav objekt turistički valorizirao. Na kraju rada su posebno opisani oni speleološki objekti koji se koriste u turizmu na području istarskog poluotoka te je izvršena međusobna usporedba. Do danas je na prostoru Istre registrirano više od 2 000 špilja i jama no samo njih pet se koristi u turističke svrhe. To su redom Jama Baredine, špilje Mramornica i Feštinsko kraljevstvo, Romualdova pećina i Pazinska jama. No zadnja dva navedena speleološka objekta ne smatraju se pravom turističkom špiljom prema Božiću (2009) jer nemaju dodatno izgrađenu infrastrukturu niti osvjetljenje unutar objekta. Speleološki turizam je zahtjevan posao jer treba usuglasiti zaštitu objekta i dobar marketing kako bi se ta aktivnost dugoročno održala. Zbog toga je danas sve više prisutan oblik grupnog posjećivanja speleoloških objekata koji nisu posebno uređeni jer se tako manje remeti njihov ekosustav. Sveukupno gledajući, sukladno broju speleoloških objekata u Istri, ali i u Hrvatskoj, veoma je mali broj onih koje turisti stalno posjećuju i koji su u potpunosti uređeni za njihov prihvat. More than a half of the Istrian peninsula is covered in karst, i.e it is a part of the Dinaric karst. Accordingly, this territory includes many speleological objects with rich cave fauna and a great number of endemic animal species. The paper examines speleological objects in Istria, with the emphasis on objects that are tourist acclaimed. The systematization and classification of speleological objects and spatial distribution of caves and pits were made by analysing the data from the speleological cadastre on 236 speleological objects in Istria. The research shows how the endogenous karst types are formed in the first place, how many of them exist on the Istrian peninsula and which areas they encompass. In Istria, the pit (75%) prevail in the category up to 50 m of depth. According to the classification of the caves based on the length of the canal, the majority of them are small caves, those up to 50 m. Furthermore, relevant data on tourist acclaimed objects was collected by conducting the analysis of the existing literature, compiling, describing and interviewing concessionaires of tourist caves and pits, as well as employees of supervisory public institution. The connection between tourism and speleological objects was also made. The main goal was to explain how tourism impacts the ecosystem of the speleological objects and what is necessary for the tourist acclamation of such objects. Speleological objects used for tourism purposes were individually described at the end of the paper and compared to one another. Up to date, more than 2000 caves and pits have been registered in Istria, but only five of them are used for tourism purposes. They are the following: Baredine Cave, Mramornica Cave, Cave Feštinsko kraljevstvo, Romuald's Cave and Pazinska jama. The last two are not considered to be real tourist caves per se, according to Božić (2009), because they do not have the additionally built infrastructure nor the lightning inside the object. Speleological tourism is a demanding business because there is a need for conciliation of the preservation of a speleological object and good marketing in order to achieve long-term sustainability. Consequently, group visits of speleological objects which have not yet been adapted are becoming more common because this affects the objects’ ecosystem less. All in all, in Istria, as well as throughout Croatia, there is a rather small number of speleological objects regularly visited by and completely adapted for tourists.

The paper presents the summary of the existing and past instabilities on the road Cerovlje- Buzet, as well as reflect on the landslide hazard in the area. The area is mostly built in Paleogene flysch sediments, with the prevailing grey colour, due to which it is called Grey Istria. Small rotational and translational landslides prevail in flysch deposits in central Istria, due to sliding of the cover on the contact with the flysch bedrock. Present instabilities and road damages caused by landslides were established by terrain inspection. Research area was determined by the existing road section Cerovlje- Buzet, 12 700 m in length. The road spreads from the central (Cerovlje), to the northern part of the Istrian Peninsula, beneath the Učka Mountain (Buzet). Signs of active and inactive landslides in the described location were analysed: scars and cracks on the road, depressions on the slopes along the road, presence and inclination of the fast growing vegetation inside the landslide body, visible landslide and sliding surface boundaries, hilly slopes characteristic for the flysch deposits etc. Using GPS device, locations with present marks of sliding, together with the locations where remedial measures were already done in the past (most often reinforced concrete retaining walls or gabions) were recorded. Research results were presented on the ortophoto map. Larger instable zones with landslide hazard potential, that could endanger usual traffic and human lives, were also presented. It can be concluded that the damages on the road are numerous and that the instabilities overtake different areal extent, but that they are mostly relatively small landslides. Based on the research performed in this paper, considerable landslide hazard in the area can be expected. Using adequate and available methodology, the real landslide hazard degree, along the Cerovlje- Buzet road, could be determined.

Investigation of the origin and occurrence of Istrian Lower Palaeogene bauxites discussed in this work relies on adoption of the recent perspectives on development of the collision-induced diachronous discontinuity surface in the Istrian part of the Adriatic–Dinaric carbonate platform. This process, related to the forebulge uplift at the latest stages of Alpine orogenesis, is amply recorded in the geochemical signature of contemporaneous bauxites. In order to elucidate the patterns of bauxite formation a discriminant function model based on the Compositional Data analysis (major and trace elements) is constructed providing the solid ground for separation of the bauxite groups deposited in the subaerially exposed Istrian palaeoenvironment. Complete distinction between the four a priori defined Istrian Lower Palaeogene bauxite groups achieved by the analysis demonstrates the highest degree of efficiency in characterizing environmental conditions marked by the unique suite of geochemical variables (compositions).

Istra je list koji je izlazio u Zagrebu od 1929. do 1940. godine. Utemeljio ju je i pokrenuo Ernest Radetić. Radetić je bio njezin vlasnik i prvi njezin urednik, a misija je lista bila okupiti istarske emigrante i rehabilitirati hrvatsku riječ koja je u Istri, između dvaju svjetskih ratova, bila zatirana. Godine 1931. Radetića je naslijedio Ive Mihovilović, a uređivačka koncepcija lista postaje antifašistička. List se počinje tiskati na hrvatskom i na slovenskom jeziku, a njegovo uredništvo u Ljubljani vodio je Joško Žiberna. U Istri su objavljivani književni i politički tekstovi kojima je intencija bila razotkriti fašizam čija se eskalacija i u Europi intenzivno osjećala. Tone je Peruško zamijenio Mihovilovića 1936. godine, ali je pri uređivanju lista nastavio provoditi Mihovilovićevu antifašističku politiku. Kad su prilike za list postale odveć teške, njegovo je uređivanje opet povjereno Ernestu Radetiću. Radetić je list iznova uređivao od 1939. do zabrane njegova izlaženja, 27. rujna 1940. godine. U Istri su objavljeni književni prilozi brojnih hrvatskih pjesnika, književnika, kulturnih i političkih djelatnika, od kojih su najznačajniji Mate Balota, Ivan Bostjančić, Viktor Car-Emin, Zvane Črnja, Drago Gervais, Rikard Katalinić-Jeretov, Josip Antun Kraljić, Matko Laginja, Ivan Matetić-Ronjgov, Vladimir Nazor, Tone Peruško, Ernest Radetić, Leonard Kalac Vrlinov te Ivo Žic Klačić, a treba spomenuti i Antu Rojnića, Antu Belanića, Antuna (Antu) Bonifačića, Jerka Grškovića, Zvana Kastavca (Ivana Milića), Matu Dvorničića, Vjekoslava Spinčića, Antu Dukića, Hijacinta Petrisa, Rudolfa Strohala, Mirka Breyera, Nikolu Polića, Nikolu Žica, Matka Brajšu Rašana, Ivu Mihovilovića, Antu Modrušana (Prikodražana), Ivu Mogorovića, Tončića, Tona Smerdela te mnoge druge. Osim tekstova na hrvatskome jeziku, valja izdvojiti i one na slovenskome. Najznačajniji su njihovi autori: France Bevk, Ivan Cankar, Lavo Čermelj, Alojz Gradnik, Ivo Grahor, Simon Gregorčič, Igo Gruden, Jože Jeram, Dragotin Kette, Ciril Kosmač, Srečko Kosovel, Bogomir Magajna, Janko Samec, Tone Seliškar, Albert i Karel Širok, Joško Žiberna, Fran Žgur, Lado Božič i Oton Župančič. Osim iz hrvatske i slovenske, Istra je objavljivala književne priloge i iz ostalih književnosti, kao što su talijanska, francuska, srpska, češka, armenska, indijska književnost i druge. Između dvaju svjetskih ratova, emigrantski se list Istra odlučno suprotstavio fašističkoj ideologiji i pridonio očuvanju hrvatskoga i slovenskoga identiteta u Julijskoj pokrajini, a ponajprije u Istri. Periodika je time još jednom dokazala da je njezin doprinos razvitku književnosti i kulture neizmjerno bitan, a povijest je hrvatske riječi na Istarskome poluotoku višestruko to potvrdila, od Dobrilina Istrana, preko Naše sloge, do Radetićeve Istre i dalje. It is definitely worth talking about periodicals because they are very important in the processes of cultural and social continuity of Croatians and Slovenes, especially on the Istrian peninsula. During the period among The World Wars, Istra was absolutely devastated by Italian fascist politics. That was a reflection of fascism which took place not only in Italy, but all over the Europe. Slavs in Istra were seriously humiliated and they had to emigrate their native place. Some of them didn`t want to emigrate and they really suffered under the Italian fascist authorities. One of the emigrants was Ernest Radetić. In Zagreb he founded a political-emigration`s papers named Istra. Istra was published from 1929. till 1940. and Radetić was the first and the last editor-in-chief of it. Ive Mihovilović edited Istra from 1931. till 1936. and Tone Peruško did it from 1936. till 1939. Istra unveiled fascism on Istrian peninsula and beyond, also brought together Istrian (but not only the Istrian) poets, writers, other artists, intellectual persons and politicians which took their own part in a struggle for a world more just and peaceful. There was a pleiad of notable persons to mention and some of them were: Mate Balota, Ivan Bostjančić, Viktor Car Emin, Zvane Črnja, Drago Gervais, Rikard Katalinić Jeretov, Josip Antun Kraljić, Matko Laginja, Ivan Matetić Ronjgov, Vladimir Nazor, Tone Peruško, Ernest Radetić, Leonard Kalac Vrlinov, Ivo Žic Klačić, Ante Rojnić, Ante Belanić, Antun (Ante) Bonifačić, Jerko Gršković, Zvane Kastavac (Ivan Milić), Mate Dvorničić, Vjekoslav Spinčić, Ante Dukić, Hijacint Petris, Rudolf Strohal, Mirko Breyer, Nikola Polić, Nikola Žic, Matko-Brajša Rašan, Ive Mihovilović, Ante Modrušan (Prikodražan), Ivo Mogorović, Tončić, Ton Smerdel etc. Slovenes also gave their contribution in a struggle for a better world. The most important Slovene names were: France Bevk, Ivan Cankar, Lavo Čermelj, Alojz Gradnik, Ivo Grahor, Simon Gregorčič, Igo Gruden, Jože Jeram, Dragotin Kette, Ciril Kosmač, Srečko Kosovel, Bogomir Magajna, Janko Samec, Tone Seliškar, Albert Širok, Karel Širok, Joško Žiberna, Fran Žgur and Oton Župančič. Istra also published contributions from the other literatures such as Italian, Serbian, French, Bohemian, Armenian, Indian etc. This paper with it`s own existence in the period between The World Wars proved that the only worth nationality`s humanity.

Pleistocene mammal fauna and flora from the localities Pećina na Brehu (northern Istria) and Marlera I and II (southern Istria) have been presented. After faunal and floral assemblages, the climatic conditions were in the southern part of Istria (Marlera) favorable. In northern Istria the faunal complexes of Pećina na Brehu show very little differences in the taxonomic composition from Marlera. For example, the arvicolids from Marlera site indicate that the eastern Adriatic coast was refugium for these and other animals during the Upper Pleistocene glaciation.

Istrian peninsula, during Cretaceous and Paleogene the most nort-western part of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform(s, is mainly made up of sediments with abundant and siverse shallow-marine faunas. We tried to compare Cretaceous and Paleogene biotopes through morphological and structural changes in Rudist and Larger Benthic foraminiferal assemblages and physical changes in environment.