Search

It has been observed a high amplification of the NDM-1 global spread after the first detection of a NDM-1 positive bacterial infection. Considering thatNDM-1 infections are difficult or even impossible to treat, the blaNDM-1 genes' spread represents now a global public health issue. The problem is magnified by the so-called medical tourism and by precarious sanitary conditions. The Balkan region seems to be an important NDM- 1 reservoir, along with the Indian subcontinent. The number of European countries reporting the presence NDM-1 on their territory is continuously increasing and Romania was added on the list. The real situation is far from being reflected by the currently existing data. In some countries epidemiological information is low or not available at all. Moreover, NDM-1 positive bacteria could pertain to the comensal flora, being identified only in case of an endogenous infection. Altogether, these factors leading to underestimation of the real situation. Thus, the major importance of screening, reporting at a national and international level and rapid implementation of new control methods needs to be highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The prevalence of m ethicillin-resistcmt Staphylococcus aureus has increased in the last decades. The result was the increase of mortality due to systemic infections thus representing an issue of public health. Purpose: Cuantification of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae strains carrying antibiotic resistance isolated in the N ational Institute of Pneum ophtisiology "Marius Nasta", Bucharest Matherials and methods: The study is retrospective and covers a time period of one year. The study was elaborated by analysis of the microbiology laboratory database of the National Institute of Pneum ophtisiology "Marius Nasta", Bucharest. We have selected the results of the bacteriological tests regarding Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae identification and have analyzed the cases of infections with methicillinresistant Staphylococcus aureus and penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. The samples included: sputum , alveolar lavage, pharyngeal exudate, pus etc. Results: Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in 69 samples (sputum, aspirate, lavage). A percent of 59,42% (4 1 cases) proved to be penicillin-resistant. Staphylococcus aureus was identified in 167 samples of which 40.72% (68 cases) were m ethicillin-resistant. Conclusions: We wanted to highlight the importance of monitoring and reporting of bacterial resistance. The knowledge of the present situation is of a real help when it comes to correctly establishing the antibiotic use politics (deceasing the risk of inadequate use). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intoduction: Oral and pulmonary Candida spp. infections are opportunistic infections. The most frequently affected are the immunosuppressed individuals suffering from HIV, tuberculosis, viral hepatitis infection or cancer. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted fora period of one year, in a hospital dedicated to infectious diseases. We selected from the database of the clinical microbiology laboratory positive sputum samples for any species of Candida spp., and then we selected the medical records of patients with positive samples diagnoses. Results: We identified 135 samples (aspirate and sputum) positive for Candida spp., from 123 patients. Of the total number of patients, 33 (26.8%) were diagnosed with oral candidiasis and 22 (17.9%) were diagnosed with Candida spp. pulmonary infection. Of the oral candidiasis group, 24 (72.7%) were diagnosed with HIV infection, 7 7 (33.3%) had tuberculosis, 11 (33,3%) had viral hepatitis and 6 (18.2%) had cancer. 7 7 (50%) had pulmonary candidiasis associated with other bacterial infections. 28 strains of Candida spp. were isolated from pulmonary samples, 13 (46,4%) being Candida albicans and 15 (53.6%) Candida non-albicans. Conclusions: Diagnosis and monitoring of the Candida spp. pulmonary infections represents an important issue. It helps to distinguish whether to use or not antifungal treatment considering that resistance to antifungals increased in the last decades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]