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V diplomski nalogi smo obravnavali območje občine Krško. Občino Krško zaznamujejo bogata naravna in kulturna dediščina ter zgodovinska preteklost. V teoretičnem delu diplomske naloge smo pregledali zakonske podlage, definirali pojma naravna vrednota in naravna dediščina, predstavili delitev zvrsti naravnih vrednot in zavarovana območja. Sledila je opredelitev pojmov geoturizem in trajnostni turizem, opisali smo upravljanje naravne dediščine v turizmu ter cilje trajnostnega turizma. V predstavitvi obravnavanega območja občine Krško smo se osredotočili na geografski položaj, naravne vrednote ter analizirali turistično ponudbo območja in vključevanje naravnih vrednot vanjo. V empiričnem delu diplomske naloge smo kvantitativno in kvalitativno raziskovali prepoznavnost in pomembnost naravne dediščine, ozaveščenost širše in mnenje strokovne javnosti o vlogi in pomenu naravne dediščine v turistični ponudbi občine Krško in podali predloge za oblikovanje novih turističnih produktov. Na osnovi pridobljenih rezultatov smo predlagali ideje za izboljšavo oblikovanja inovativnih turističnih produktov, trženja, promocije in izobraževanja kadrov, z namenom, da bodo naše ugotovitve služile deležnikom v turizmu pri razvijanju turistične ponudbe. In the diploma thesis we discussed the area of municipality Krško. Rich natural and cultural heritage and the historical past are all characterized in municipality Krško. Definiton of the phrase natural value and natural heritage, presentation of the devided kinds of natural values and safe areas have all been examined in the theoretical part of the diploma thesis. The phrases geotourism and continual tourism, description of the management of natural heritage in tourism and the goals of continual tourism are all desribed in the next part. We focused on the geographic standpoint, natural values and the analyzed touristic offer of the area with the included natural values are all presented in the description of the area of municipality Krško. We quantitatively and qualitatively researched the popularity and importance of natural heritage, awareness of the normal public and the opinion of the expert public of the role and meaning of natural heritage in the touristic offer of municipality Krško and the given suggestions for the creation of new touristic products are all researched in the empirical part of the diploma thesis. Based on the obtained results, we proposed ideas for improving the design of innovative tourism products, marketing, promotion and education of staff, with the intention, that our findings will serve tourism stakeholders in developing the tourist offer.

Cilj naloge je bila podrobna analiza dreves v registru naravnih vrednot Slovenije. Z analizo 2529 drevesnih naravnih vrednot v registru smo prikazali deleže posameznih drevesnih vrst, zastopanost rodov in družin ter njihov izvor. V registru je 87,4 % vrst avtohtonih, daleč najpogostejša vrsta je lipa. Od tujerodnih vrst jih največ prihaja iz Severne Amerike. Analizirali smo pomen drevesnih naravnih vrednot, merila vrednotenja in lokacijo. 77,9 % vrednot je lokalnega pomen, najbolj pogosto merilo je izjemnost drevesa, predvsem njegove mere, največ vrednot pa je v območni enoti Maribor z gostoto 0,248 drevesnih vrednot/km2. Zapisali smo povprečne in največje mere za drevesne vrste v registru in primerjali domače ter tuje vrste z registra. Največ izjemnih dreves se nahaja ob domačijah in kmetijah (31,2 %) in nato v bližini sakralnega objekta (17,9 %). V registru je 36,3 % dreves zdravih oz. brez evidentiranih poškodb, za 4,1 % nimamo podatka, drugih 59,6 % pa je poškodovanih. Z rezultati želimo splošno prikazati informacije in stanje drevesnih naravnih vrednot v Sloveniji. The aim of the assignment was a detailed analysis of the registry of tree natural values of Slovenia with 2529 trees. In the analysis we showed the percentage of each tree species, their genera, family and origin. There are 87.4 % native species, most of non-native species are from North America. By far the most common tree species is Tilia platyphillos. We defined types of tree natural values, criteria for evaluation and their locations. 77.9 % trees are local, the most important criteria is dimension of the tree, and most trees are found near Maribor with a density of 0.248 tree natural values/km2. We recorded average and maximum dimensions for each tree species and compared native with foreign species from the registry. We found out that most tree natural values are found near farms (31.2%) and in the proximity to a sacral object (17.9%). In the registry, 36.3 % of the trees are healthy, 4.1 % have no data and the other 59.6 % are injured. The results are intended to provide a general overview of information and the condition of tree natural values in Slovenia.

Namen magistrskega dela je bil zasnovati primer pouka izven učilnice za predmet zgodovine. Izbrali smo učno pot, ki se osredotoča na lokalno zgodovino in spoznavanje lokalnega okolja. Trasa učne poti je postavljena na območje Kraškega roba in nižje ležeče Bržanije. Območje je s svojo naravno in kulturno dediščino predstavljeno v prvem delu naloge. Sledijo pedagoški poudarki, namenjeni učiteljem, ki pripravljajo pouk izven učilnice, ter predstavitev vrst pouka izven učilnice. Pred terenskim pregledom območja smo s pomočjo relevantnih učnih načrtov postavili cilje učne poti po Kraškem robu. Predstavljena je tudi terenska analiza pripravljene poti in pripravljeno gradivo. Naloge na poti so namenjene učencem tretje triade osnovne šole. Ostali obiskovalci območja lahko preko geografskega informacijskega sistema na trasi učne poti dostopajo do informacij o lokalni naravni in kulturni dediščini. Magistrsko delo predstavlja izvedbo pouka na učni poti in evalvacijo učne poti. Zadnje poglavje opisuje mnenje lokalnih skupnosti o učni poti in morebitne težave, na katere lahko naletimo pri postavitvi učne poti. Magistrsko delo poudarja pomen raziskovanja lokalne naravne in kulturne dediščine. The purpose of the master's thesis is to design an example of class outside the classroom for the subject of history. We have chosen an educational trail that focuses on local history and local environment. The route of the educational trail is set in the area of the Karst edge and the lower lying Bržanija. The area is presented with its natural and cultural heritage in the first part of the master's thesis, followed by pedagogical highlights intended for teachers who prepare classes outside the classroom, as well as presentation of types of classes outside the classroom. The objectives of the educational trail along the Karst edge were set up using relevant curricula prior to the field inspection of the area. The field analysis of the chosen path and study material is presented. The tasks on the way are intended for pupils of the third triad of elementary school. Other visitors to the area can access information on the local natural and cultural heritage through the geographic information system on the educational trail. The first class performed on the educational trail and the evaluation of the educational trail is also presented in the master's thesis. In the last chapter we present the opinion of local communities about the educational trail and possible problems that we may encounter when setting up the educational trail. The master's thesis emphasizes the importance of exploring the local natural and cultural heritage.

The planning of tourism products in the north-central Cross River State (corresponding to ‘old Ogoja province) is examined in this study. Explained in the article are: justification of the need for undertaking community-based tourism development strategy as a means of reducing inter- regional disparity in development aroused by historical discrimination against the region through eras of Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade, colonialism, and successive post-independent governments creation of special development funds aimed at addressing challenges posed by personalization of government thereby creating governance deficits and descriptions of the tourism potentials/resources of the north-central Cross River State. Rather than adopting the advice of tourism experts in the 1960s that African countries ought to prefer to design cultural-heritage tourism products aiming towards attracting some 145 million tourists from the United States of America (USA) who might be satiated with natural heritage tourism products offered back home. Here, it is argued here that considering myriad socio-economic-political dynamics thereafter – including anti-African/Nigerian political measures such as barring US citizens from visiting Nigeria or parts of it- there is no need concentrating on such restricted tourism products. This is justified by the fact that with nearly 170 million population –most of whom are expecting to move from poverty towards the middle class among other prosperous economic statuses and who do not need to immediately access foreign natural heritage tourism, there is need for north- central Cross River State –a region possessing diverse tourism resources to plan tourism products that seek to integrate natural heritage with the cultural varieties in order to properly capture both local and foreign tourists. Foreign tourists here covers a larger spectrum beyond US visitors including visitors from large and increasing number of member states of the United Nations.

Bosnia and Herzegovina is distinguished by a very unique mosaic of high biodiversity level. However, current development activities and initiatives for construction of new dams, together with activities in the forestry sector throughout the country, emphasizes the need for establishment of new protected areas in all major ecosystem types that should be ecologically viable and effectively managed. A review of the history of protected areas and administration developments in Bosnia and Herzegovina provide useful input for analysis. However, the data on the current state and size of protected areas in the country are obsolate and inaccurate. The results of the analysis have shown that in spite of a very high biodiversity level, Bosnia and Herzegovina managed to designate only 2.6% of its territory as protected areas, which is far below regional and European level. Lack of protected areas system is one of the main direct threats to biodiversity conservation. The primary objective of establishment of protected area network (PAN) in Bosnia and Herzegovina is to ensure conservation of valuable natural areas, which contain representatives of all main ecosystem types that could be found in the country. Only in this way, sustainable conservation of biodiversity could be achieved.

V diplomskem projektu smo ugotavljali, kakšna je problematika lovstva, gozdarstva in kmetijstva v narodnih in krajinskih parkih. Ukvarjali smo se s problematiko lovstva, gozdarstva in kmetijstva v Triglavskem narodnem parku ter navedli nekaj smernic za reševanje problemov. To smo primerjali s stanjem v krajinskem parku Ljubljansko barje ter narodnem parku Yosemiti. Ugotovili smo, da se v Ameriki soočajo s podobnimi problemi kot drugje po svetu in jih poskušajo na različne načine, tako kot v Sloveniji, rešiti. Najbolj sporna so osrednja območja parkov, ki ne dopuščajo nikakršnih posegov v okolje. To seveda ne odgovarja lovcem, kajti v osrednjih območjih je največ živali, ki se umikajo od kolon pohodnikov in turistov, v neobljudena območja. Kar se tiče gozdarstva, v najbolj nedostopnih območjih, ki so tudi najbolj zavarovana, gozdarji ne vidijo problema, kajti na takšnem terenu je težko delati, onemogočen je dostop s stroji, čeprav so drevesa kakovostna. Se pa toliko bolj agresivno odzivajo kmetje, ki bi radi obdelovali kmetijske površine, obnavljali zapuščene stanove, a jih zakonodaja zelo omejuje, saj velikokrat ne dovoljuje niti osnovnih del, kot so urejanje okolice, obnova in vzdrževanje stavb in poti. Zato bi bilo potrebno prisluhniti zahtevam prebivalcev parkov ter najti rešitve, s katerimi bi bili zadovoljni domačini, lastniki zemljišč in uporabniki prostora, morali bi se povezati in ugotoviti, kaj bi omogočalo boljše delovanje kmetovalcem, gozdarjem, lovcem in drugim. In the thesis we discussed the problems of hunting, forestry in agriculture in national and landscape parks. We dealt with the issues of hunting, forestry in agriculture in the Triglav National Park and provided some guidelines for solving problems. We compared them with the situation in the Landscape Park Ljubljansko barje and the Yosemite National Park. We have found that in America they have similar problems as elsewhere in the world and they try to solve them in different ways, as we do in Slovenia. The most controversial are the central areas of parks where is not allowed any interference in the environmental. The hunters are not satisfied with this regulation, as in these central areas most animals retract from number of tourists and hikers into uninhabited areas. Foresters do not see the problems in these central areas, which are also in the most inaccessible and also the most secured because it is difficult to work in such a areas access with machines is difficult, although the trees are of high quality. The greatest problems have farmers, who want to cultivate the land, restore abandoned building and paths, because the legislation is severely restricting them and does not allow even basic works such as renovation and maintenance of buildings and routes. Therefore it is necessary to listen to park habitants and to find solutions which will satisfy local habitants, and owners and users of the park, to connect and find out what would enable work better for farmers, foresters, hunters and others.

Za razvoj turizma je zelo pomembno, da se razvija tako, da ne ogroža naravne in kulturne dediščine nekega okolja in da upošteva potrebe, interese in kulturo lokalnega prebivalstva. Med načine, ki lahko pomembno vplivajo na ohranjanje dediščine, uvrščamo tudi turistične programe, v katere so vključene primerne in učinkovite oblike interpretacije. V nalogi smo zato predstavili pomen in oblike interpretacije ter pripravili predlog interpretacije dediščine, ki je še posebej prilagojena ciljni skupini najmlajših. Prvi otrokov stik z naravnimi vrednotami in s kulturno dediščino je njihovo ožje lokalno območje, ki ga začnejo najprej odkrivati in spoznavati. Raziskava je potekala na območju občine Slovenska Bistrica, ki v svojem okolju vidi veliko možnosti za razvoj turizma. Naš namen je bil predlagati varen ter do narave in okolja prijazen obisk soteske potoka Bistrica – Bistriškega vintgarja, pomembne naravne vrednote. Raziskava se je dotaknila tudi predstavitve ohranjanja nesnovne kulturne dediščine – bajeslovnega izročila, ki je na tem območju izredno bogato. V predlogu, ki smo ga izdelali, smo se naslonili na literarno dediščino Jožeta Tomažiča in na predstavo Pohorska legenda, ki temelji na starodavni pripovedi o vodovniku, gospodarju tekočih in stoječih pohorskih voda. Za naravne vrednote in kulturno dediščino pa smo izdelali predlog, kako jih otrokom predstavimo z lutkami. It is very important for tourism to develop in a way which does not endanger natural and cultural heritage of a certain environment and which considers the needs, interests, and culture of the local population. Certain touristic programs which include appropriate and efficient ways of interpretation are listed among the manners which can significantly influence the preservation of the cultural heritage. Due to this the thesis focuses on introducing the meaning and forms of interpretation and offers the proposal of interpreting the heritage, which is especially adjusted for the target group of our youngest. Exploring and discovering the narrow local area in which children live represents the first contact with the natural resources and the cultural heritage they experience. The research took place in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica. This area recognizes a big potential for the development of tourism. The purpose was to propose a safe and nature-friendly visit of the gorge of the Bistrica creek – Bistriški vintgar, which is an important natural endowment. The research also touches upon the presentation of the preservation of the incorporeal cultural hereditament – the fabled lore, which is, in this area, extremely ample. The proposal made in this thesis leans on the literary legacy of Jože Tomažič and on the performance Pohorska legenda (The Legend of Pohorje), which is based on an ancient tale about “vodovnik”, the master of still and running waters of Pohorje. An idea about presenting the natural endowment and the cultural heritage with puppets to the youngest was also proposed in the thesis.

Turizem predstavlja pomembno gospodarsko dejavnost na območju Prlekije. V sklopu diplomske naloge so opredeljena načela trajnostnega turizma, ki so temelj za ustvarjanje na naravi temelječih turističnih produktov. Prlekija je v diplomski nalogi opredeljena kot območje enajstih občin. Predstavljena je turistična dejavnost na tem območju, kjer lahko najdemo bogato naravno in kulturno dediščino v bližini že uveljavljenih turističnih destinacij. V diplomski nalogi je v obliki seznama predstavljena nepremična kulturna dediščina, ki zajema stavbno dediščino, memorialno dediščino, vrtnoarhitekturno dediščino, naselbinsko dediščino in kulturno krajino. Posebej pa so predstavljeni muzeji, ki v veliki meri hranijo in predstavljajo premično in živo kulturno dediščino Prlekije. Seznam naravne dediščine zajema naravne vrednote, območja Natura 2000 in zavarovana območja Prlekije. Predstavljen je tudi kritični pogled na turizem v Prlekiji v obliki SWOT analize. S pomočjo seznama naravne in kulturne dediščine so izdelani novi turistični produkti, ki povezujejo bogato dediščino Prlekije. Tourism is an important economic activity in the area of Prlekija. The diploma thesis defines the principles of sustainable tourism, which are a foundation for creation of nature-based tourism products. In this thesis Prlekija is defined as an area of eleven municipalities. The thesis presents tourist activity in the area where we can find rich natural and cultural heritage in the vicinity of established tourist destinations. The immovable cultural heritage, which includes architectural heritage, memorial heritage, garden-architectural heritage, settlement heritage and cultural landscape, is presented in form of a list. Museums, which largely store and represent movable and living heritage of Prlekija, are also presented in this thesis. List of natural heritage covers natural values, areas of Natura 2000 and protected areas of Prlekija. A critical look at tourism in Prlekija in the form of a SWOT analysis is also presented in the thesis. With the list of natural and cultural heritage, we have made new tourism products that connect rich heritage of Prlekija region.

V prispevku so prikazani osnovni elementi planiranja s posebnim ozirom na podeželski prostor. Izpostavljena je potreba po izvajanju politike razvoja podeželskega prostora, ki mu je tudi v Sloveniji na vseh ravneh posvečeno premalo pozornosti. The article presents planning elements with special references to countryside areas. The need for the implementation of a development policy in Slovenia is emphasized, since landscape planing and environmental design have never been attributed the right care.

Drevesa so v zgodovini človeštva odigrala pomembno materialno in nematerialno vlogo, odnos do njih pa se je tekom časa in znotraj različnih kultur spreminjal. Ker imajo drevesa daljšo življenjsko dobo kot človek in ker so s koreninami vezana na določen prostor, se je med drevesom in človekom spletla posebna vez. Na določena drevesa, zasajena ob različnih priložnostih, je bil človek še posebno navezan in ponosen. Taka drevesa imajo v prostoru posebno vlogo, predstavljajo nosilce kulturnega izročila in jih tudi uvrščamo med drevesno dediščino. Kljub temu pa so v trenutnem sistemu vrednotenja drevesnih naravnih vrednot zaradi nedefiniranih in nekonsistentnih kriterijev prav taka drevesa večkrat prezrta. Cilj naloge je bil tako na primeru analize stanja drevesne dediščine na območju predvidenega parka Karavanke Natura 2000 pokazati, da imajo drevesa dvojno razsežnost (poleg naravne tudi kulturno), kar je potrebno upoštevati pri celostnem vrednotenju drevesne dediščine. V nalogi smo na izbranem območju preučevali izjemna drevesa ter v nadaljevanju podali nov nabor kriterijev, ki smo jih na primerih konkretnih dreves tudi podrobno opredelili in bodo služili celostnemu sistemu vrednotenja drevesne dediščine. Pri tem smo še posebno pozornost posvetili opredelitvi nematerialnih kriterijev, kar je tudi ena izmed prioritetnih nalog v širšem evropskem prostoru. Na koncu so podani kratkoročni in dolgoročni predlogi izboljšav, preglednica trenutnega stanja drevesne dediščine izbranega območja po materialnih in nematerialnih kriterijih, med ostalimi prilogami pa so zapisane tudi zgodbe posameznih dreves. Trees have played an important material and non-material role in the human history, while the relationship between humans and them has been changing throughout time and within different cultures. Due to trees having longer lifespan compared to humansć and being tied to a certain place because of their roots, a special relationship between trees and people has developed. A man was especially attached and proud of particular trees, planted on different occasions. Such trees have a special role within a place they are carriers of cultural tradition and as such they are recognized as the tree heritage. However, because of the inconsistent and undefined criteria in the present evaluation system of tree heritage, such trees are often overlooked. Based on the analysis of the tree heritage in the area of the expected park Karavanke Natura 2000, the aim of the study was to show that trees have dual dimension (beside the natural also the cultural one). This fact must be taken into consideration in the holistic evaluation of tree heritage. In this study,the exceptional trees growing in the selected area have been analysed, and a new set of criteria, defined on the basis of actual trees, has been proposed with the aim to fulfil the holistic evaluation of tree heritage. A special concern was dedicated to the definition of non-material criteria, which is also one of the priority issues in the wider European area. At the end of the work, a list of short-term and long-term suggestions for possible improvements is added, and a table of the present state of tree heritage of the selected area according to material and non-material criteria is presented. The stories of particular trees are recorded among other appendicesas well.