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This paper presents quantitative and qualitative findings from an interdisciplinary research project exploring student teachers' positive perceptions of people on the autism spectrum. The set of findings reported in this paper asked 704 student teachers from one university in England (n = 191), Finland (n = 251) and Sweden (n = 262) to write down the first three words they thought of to identify the characteristics of people on the autism spectrum. Data was analysed using a multi-layered, deductive co-rated coding approach. Through this approach repeated words were extracted as were negative and undetermined words, leaving only positive words. Examination of the positive words identified found differences in the manner student teachers focus on the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum as this is an understudied area of research. Finnish student teachers more frequently used language to describe the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum that reflected their perception of learning being their primary professional role. However, English and Swedish student teachers used language that showed they perceived their role as encompassing the social and emotional development of their pupils, with little reflection about the positive characteristics of people on the autism spectrum as learners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates biological interactions and social structures within psychological frameworks in different manifestations of dominance and suppression classifying into conscious, subconscious, and unconscious mind states by looking at empirical research and theoretical models. This paper then details their mechanisms and impacts on individual and group behavior by looking into intentional, semi-intentional, and non-intentional mechanisms, respectively. This study explores the role that dominance and suppression play in forming social and biological hierarchies as well as individual psychologies, in addition to outlining the traits and outcomes of each type. The results are intended to advance knowledge of power relations in various contexts and offer new perspectives on the advantages and disadvantages of dominance and suppression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There is a growing body of evidence showing the benefits to coaches and players in adopting a game-based pedagogical approach. Whilst the evidence in support of a game-based pedagogy continues to rise it is acknowledged that the complex art form of coaching is a uniquely personal one, where the coach may draw on previous first-hand experiences and traditional coaching practices regarding training methods rather than the use of current evidence-based best practice techniques. Purpose: The aim of this randomised control trial was to evaluate the impact of a coach development intervention (MASTER) on game-based coaching practices of football coaches. Methods: Four clubs were recruited, and 20 coaches were randomised to two groups, MASTER intervention (n = 10) and 10 usual practice (waitlist, n = 10); NSW Australia) which included 200 junior footballers (aged 8–16years). Intervention coaches participated in an 8-week multi-component intervention (which included a coach education workshop focused on positive game-based pedagogy, mentoring, peer evaluations and an online discussion forum) underpinned by positive coaching and game-based coaching practices. Pre- and post-intervention assessments occurred at baseline and 10 weeks. The primary aim was to investigate if the MASTER intervention could increase playing form (PF) and active learning time within training sessions. Three coaching sessions per coach were filmed at baseline and follow-up and assessed using the MASTER assessment tool. Secondary aims investigation included coach confidence and competence to coach (assessed by questionnaire), player game play and decision making (videoed during structured game play using a Game Performance Assessment Instrument), a range of player well-being measures including enjoyment, self-perception, and various motivations (questionnaire) and the parent's perception of their child's enjoyment was assessed by the completion of a questionnaire. Intervention effects were analysed using linear mixed models. Findings: Significant effects were found for the primary outcome which was the percentage of training time devoted to playing-form activities (22.63%; 95% CI 9.07–36.19; P = 0.002, d = 1.78). No significant effect was observed for ALT. Significant interventions effects were also observed for the secondary outcomes of coach perceptions of confidence and confidence; player game skills including defence, support and decision making, wellbeing, physical self-perceptions, enjoyment, learning and performance orientations and motivation; and parent's perception of child's enjoyment (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The MASTER programme was effective in improving game-based coaching practices of football coaches during training sessions, and in facilitating improvements in multiple coach and player outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex disorder characterized by positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations), negative symptoms (e.g., social withdrawal), and disorganized symptoms (e.g., thought disorder). Alongside these, cognitive and depressive symptoms often emerge, with depressive symptoms sometimes dominating the clinical picture. Understanding the factors that influence the development of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia could clarify the dynamics between depressive and psychotic symptoms and guide clinical interventions. Methods: A total of 105 patients with schizophrenia (66 women, 39 men) were assessed using several clinical scales: PANSS, BPRS, DOCS, DES, HAM-D, and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for cognitive evaluation. Statistical analyses, including correlation and regression, were conducted using SPSS to determine the significance of associations. Results: Disorganized and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were identified as primary factors associated with depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Conversely, a longer duration of untreated psychosis was linked to a lower severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting that early intervention may alter the depressive symptom trajectory. Conclusions: Here, we suggest a complex interaction between psychotic and depressive symptoms, possibly indicating a biological antagonism. The association of depressive symptoms with disorganized and obsessive-compulsive features may reflect an adaptive psychological response, attempting to stabilize amidst the disintegration of schizophrenia. These insights support a more integrated approach to treatment, addressing both psychotic and depressive symptoms to improve patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in the number of people with mental disorders and the relapse rate of depressive patients give reason to constantly question and further develop psychotherapeutic interventions in order to stabilize therapy effects. Studies show that the art of living, described as the ability to lead a conscious and reflective life, can be learned and trained. The question arises as to what role the development of “art of living skills” have played in the treatment of depressed patients to date, and to what extent the targeted promotion of art of living within the framework of the therapy of depressed patients has an effect on the well-being and the level of depression that goes beyond this. The study is based on a mixed design. Study participants in the first experimental group (EG1, n = 53) each received one session of 50 min psychotherapy per week for 4 weeks. The second experimental group (EG2, n = 54) received psychotherapy equivalent to EG1 with additional life-skills reflection questions, which were to be answered every day and recorded in a diary. The control group (n = 53) received neither therapy nor reflection questions. The art of living, degree of depression, and satisfaction with life were assessed before and after the 4-week therapy and in the follow-up after 3 months, and the effects were compared. There was a significant decrease in the depression score over the 4 weeks in both therapy groups. EG2 showed a greater decrease in depression over the 4 weeks. However, the difference did not persist over the 3 months. Furthermore, in EG2 there was a significant increase in the Art of Living, Satisfaction with life, and Flourishing Scale over the 4 weeks, while in EG1 there was no change. However, the comparison in the follow-up after 3 months also shows that these effects could not stabilize. Overall, the results provide promising indications for integrating the art of living as a concept more strongly into the therapy of depressive patients. The question arises as to what long-term effects result from additional life skills stimulation and how the therapy effects gained can be stabilized over a longer period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Positive maintenance is a management approach that focuses on empowering employees and encouraging motivation, communication and cooperation to achieve better results. It is an essential tool in property management as it helps to create a well maintained and high-quality environment for residents. One of the different sectors that is begging for such approach is the property investment and is imperative for the overall development of any country. This study investigates positive management practices in relation to property management in Ozoro, Delta State, Nigeria. Questionnaires were designed and administered for the collection of primary data used in the study. The set of questionnaires was for the tenants and property managers. Data retrieved from 100 returned questionnaires out of the 120 shared questionnaires were analysed using Frequency distribution and mean weight score. Results show that both operational as well as maintenance/repairs were the most used practices in property management. Also, maintenance, tenant satisfaction, communication were the most significant factors influencing positive maintenance in relation to property management, while some of the challenges encountered include; lack of training and professionalism, poor record keeping, lack of comprehensive data. The study recommends regulatory framework, use of updated technology system, training of staff and reforming of policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce second-order numerical schemes for the modified phase field crystal (MPFC) model that are decoupled, linear, positivity-preserving, and unconditionally energy-stable. These schemes adopt a positivity-preserving auxiliary variable method to explicitly handle the nonlinear potential function, resulting in decoupled linear systems with constant coefficients at each time step. We rigorously demonstrate that the auxiliary variables remain positive throughout all time steps and prove the unconditionally energy stability of these schemes. The stability pertains to a discrete modified energy, rather than the original free energy or the pseudo energy of the MPFC system. Moreover, a detailed error analysis is provided. A series of numerical experiments are conducted to validate the accuracy and efficiency of our proposed schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Opinion Statement: This perspective underscores the evolution and significance of neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer, tracing its history and efficacy in improving outcomes. It delves into the correlation between achieving complete response and long-term survival, emphasizing the predictive value of treatment response estimation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive early breast cancer, particularly with taxanes and anti-HER2 therapies, emerges as a cornerstone, offering enhanced breast conservation rates and prognostic insights. The focus on individualized care, tailored to treatment response, underscores the need for adaptive strategies. Additionally, the article discusses the ongoing debate surrounding anthracyclines' role and the benefits of dual HER2 blockade. Ultimately, advocating for a personalized approach, guided by treatment response assessment, ensures optimal outcomes in HER2-positive breast cancer management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of positive psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment in physician assistant nurses. Methods: The participants were 152 physician assistant nurses recruited from two university hospitals. Data was collected through a survey. The SPSS/WIN program (version 25.0) was used for the data analysis. Data was analyzed using descriptive stastics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression. Results: There was a significant negative correlation organizational commitment and occupational stress (r=-.57, p<.001), and a positive correlation with positive psychological capital (r=.47, p<.001). There was a negative correlation (r=-.32, p<.001) between occupational stress and positive psychological capital. In addition, positive psychological capital had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment (β=.32, p<.001). Conclusion: Positive psychological capital serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between occupational stress and organizational commitment among physician assistant nurses. The results of this study can be used reduce occupational stress and improve organizational commitment by improving the positive psychological capital of physician-assistant nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate negative and positive emotional responses to acute psychological stress in individuals with early life stress (ELS). Methods: One hundred sixty-one participants from the Birmingham community in Alabama completed the study and were stratified into 2 groups based on measurements of ELS using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and a confirmatory clinical interview. Acute psychological stress, that is, the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), was administered, and emotional responses were measured using the Visual Analogue Scale. Comparisons utilized chi-square for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was applied to compare the 2 groups after controlling for confounding variables. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate predictive power of variables for emotional responses to the TSST. Results: Participants with ELS experienced less pleasantness at the baseline (P = .02), and 1 minute (P = .04), but not 90 minutes time points compared to the non-ELS group. Participants in the ELS group also reported higher anxiety at baseline (P = .003), and 90 minutes (P = .04) post-TSST. Data analysis showed the effect of time on emotional responses during the TSST. Different emotional responses, including pleasantness, anxiety, fatigue, and vigor, were able to be predicted by ELS severity. Conclusion: Our data demonstrates that individuals with ELS presented different positive and negative emotional responses when exposed to acute psychological stress. Our findings may be useful for clinicians who work with individuals with ELS. Our findings also highlight the importance of recognizing emotional responses and of building up resilience in response to acute stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We reported a large-scale Internet-based experiment to investigate the impact of emotion information on Chinese word segmentation, in which participants completed an overlapping ambiguous string (OAS) segmentation task and the Chinese version of Beck Depression Inventory-II in a counterbalanced order. OAS is a three-character string (ABC) in which the middle character can form a distinct word with both the character on its left side (word AB) and the character on its right side (word BC). Participants were presented with isolated OASs and were asked to report the word they identified first. Emotional OAS was constructed by a combination of a neutral word and an emotional word, with the neutral and emotional words sharing character B. We orthogonally manipulated the valence of the emotional words (positive vs. negative) and their position in the OAS (left-side vs. right-side). The results showed that compared with neutral words, both positive and negative words were more likely to be segmented, and this segmentation outcome was not affected by readers with different depression tendencies. These findings suggest that emotion information can influence word segmentation, and that both positive and negative words take precedence over neutral words in the word segmentation process. This study provides a new perspective and evidence to understand the impact of emotion information on word processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractObjective: We generated items to assess COVID-19 changes among Hispanic college students and examined the concurrent and predictive effects of these changes vis-à-vis mental health. Participants: The sample consisted of 559 Hispanic first-year (69% women; age range 18–22; 88.1% U.S.-born; 84% Mexican/Mexican American) attending a public university in Texas. Methods: Students participated in a three-wave longitudinal online survey assessing stressors, COVID-19 changes, anxious and depressive symptoms, hope, and self-esteem. Results: Students experienced negative changes across six life domains as a result of the pandemic-related lockdowns: education; health; relationships; finances; social issues; death/loss. They also reported positive changes during the lockdowns. Negative changes were positively correlated with higher, and positive changes with lower, acculturative and perceived stress. Negative COVID-19 changes predicted lower mental health. Conclusions: Hispanic students experienced both negative and positive COVID-19 changes, which were related to their mental health. Results can guide research and decision-making during future pandemics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research raises the case of the impact of Mobile Legends on communication science students of the class of 2017. Such games can reduce their academic productivity, leading to a reduction in time that would otherwise be spent on studies and other academic activities. Mobile Legends can also cause addiction, disrupt sleep, reduce physical activity, and trigger social isolation. This study uses a qualitative method by utilizing the theory of interpersonal relationship needs, which highlights individual relationships in achieving certain satisfaction under existing conditions. Students who experience an increase in the level of addiction to the game tend to experience disturbances in maintaining a balance between real life and virtual life. The impact includes decreased productivity in daily activities and difficulties in communicating directly with others. Based on the results of the research that has been conducted, it can be concluded that the Mobile Legends online game has a significant impact on intrapersonal communication of Communication Science students of Mulawarman University class of 2017. These impacts include increased multitasking skills, improved strategic thinking skills, and improved emotional management skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increase in the number of people with mental disorders and the relapse rate of depressive patients give reason to constantly question and further develop psychotherapeutic interventions in order to stabilize therapy effects. Studies show that the art of living, described as the ability to lead a conscious and reflective life, can be learned and trained. The question arises as to what role the development of “art of living skills” have played in the treatment of depressed patients to date, and to what extent the targeted promotion of art of living within the framework of the therapy of depressed patients has an effect on the well-being and the level of depression that goes beyond this. The study is based on a mixed design. Study participants in the first experimental group (EG1, n = 53) each received one session of 50 min psychotherapy per week for 4 weeks. The second experimental group (EG2, n = 54) received psychotherapy equivalent to EG1 with additional life-skills reflection questions, which were to be answered every day and recorded in a diary. The control group (n = 53) received neither therapy nor reflection questions. The art of living, degree of depression, and satisfaction with life were assessed before and after the 4-week therapy and in the follow-up after 3 months, and the effects were compared. There was a significant decrease in the depression score over the 4 weeks in both therapy groups. EG2 showed a greater decrease in depression over the 4 weeks. However, the difference did not persist over the 3 months. Furthermore, in EG2 there was a significant increase in the Art of Living, Satisfaction with life, and Flourishing Scale over the 4 weeks, while in EG1 there was no change. However, the comparison in the follow-up after 3 months also shows that these effects could not stabilize. Overall, the results provide promising indications for integrating the art of living as a concept more strongly into the therapy of depressive patients. The question arises as to what long-term effects result from additional life skills stimulation and how the therapy effects gained can be stabilized over a longer period of time.

Abstract Background Benefit finding is the search for positive meaning from traumatic events, such as cancer. It can help caregivers have a positive experience in the caregiving process, relieve negative emotions, and reduce caregiving stress. The aim of this study was to explore benefit finding among caregivers of patients with advanced cancer in their palliative caregiving journey. Methods An exploratory qualitative design of phenomenology was used. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 19 caregivers of palliative care patients with advanced cancer. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis was used to analyse, summarize, and extract themes from the interview data. Results The study identified five themes of caregiver benefit finding in the caregiving process: personal growth, strengthened relationships with patients, adjustment and adaptation, perceived social support, and perceived meaning in life. Most caregivers reported a closer, more dependent relationship with the patient, and only one caregiver did not report any positive changes. Conclusions Caregivers of palliative care patients with advanced cancer can have positive experiences in their care. Healthcare professionals should focus on supporting caregivers and helping them find positive experiences to cope with the challenges of caregiving and improve their quality of life.

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Lockdown, isolation, quarantine, and social distancing are proven to be the only effective measures to prevent and tackle COVID-19 to date. Unfortunately, these measures have caused physical, economical, and mental health problems. Despite a growing interest in the field, scarce narrative studies have delved into adolescents' psychological experiences related to global emergencies caused by infectious diseases. Considering the lack of knowledge in literature and the need to investigate an unexplored topic, a qualitative study was performed to explore adolescents' feelings and thoughts using their narratives. The study was carried out with 150 adolescent students who are continuing their studies in Marawi City. Findings show that adolescents were more forthcoming about their negative experiences than about positive ones. Looking at word occurrence in the two texts (positive and negative experience), many commonalities emerged. Overall, 9 words out of 20 are shared in the vocabulary of the two collected narratives. Looking at the modeling emergent themes analysis, the T-Lab software revealed four themes for each text. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, posing a serious threat to women's health. HER2 has been identified as a key oncogene and prognostic factor in breast cancer. Recent studies have reported inconsistencies in ER, PR, and/or HER2 expression between primary breast tumors and metastatic lesions. Rarely is it reported that all three biomarkers experience conversion. In this report, we present the case of a female patient with relapsed and metastatic breast cancer, whose histology transformed from initially triplenegative to Luminal-B type (HER2 positive) (i.e., ER, PR, and HER2 positive). She underwent systematic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and cranial radiotherapy, which was followed by maintenance treatment with targeted and endocrine therapy. Currently, she has been in nearly complete remission (nCR) for more than 12 months. For recurrent and metastatic breast cancer, it is necessary to perform the second biopsy for metastases, which would contribute to precision treatment and prognosis improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the modern world breastfeeding (BF) is considered as a significant factor in reducing the risk of developing malignant tumors of the mammary gland and ovaries. However, the problem of maintenance or refusing BF in malignant neoplasms (malignant neoplasms) still remains open. In recent years, there has been a steady increase in breast cancer (BC), especially in developed countries, with more than 10% of all breast malignancies (BC) diagnosed in women under 40 years of age. The presented article highlights aspects of maintaining lactation in different periods of the relevance of BF in relation to the timing of manifestation of cancer, and also presents data from the multicenter study POSITIVE (Pregnancy Outcome and Safety of Interrupting Therapy for women with endocrine responsIVE breast cancer) on the possibilities of implementing reproductive function and BF in women receiving therapy for hormone-receptor positive (HR+) BC stages I–III. BF with cancer detected in the postpartum period depends on the treatment of the underlying disease. In patients undergoing surgical treatment, BF is not contraindicated, but it is not always technically possible. During chemotherapy, BF is not recommended. When carrying out radiotherapy, it is possible to undergo BF using a healthy mammary gland. There is currently no evidence to suggest that BF woman diagnosed with cancer may have any negative effects. In general, it has been shown that preserving and maintaining lactation in women with a history of cancer is safe for both mother and child.

The tower structure and geometrical arrangement of transmission line conductors in the power system depend on various technical, economic, and geographical factors and the age of construction of the lines. Thus, the arrangement of lines may not be transposed or follow the standards of the electricity industry. The untransposed conductors cause asymmetric couplings in the transmission lines, directly leading to destructive effect on the function of distance protection and accurate determination of the fault location. Fault location in untransposed transmission lines is presented as a novel research piece by investigating the circuit equations of positive-negative-zero sequences and using synchronous voltage measurements taken from the near and far terminals of the transmission line together with measuring the current of one terminal. In this algorithm, the effect of mutual interphase impedance and admittance due to the untransposed structure of the line is fully taken into account. Fault location equations are designed based on the complete equivalent circuit of the untransposed transmission line using the modeling of all effective parameters. As the presented design adopts the current measurements of one terminal, the destructive effect of the current measurement systems is dropped. The Simulink model of the suggested design has been implemented in Digsilent Power Factory software and the algorithm has been programmed in MATLAB software. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been tested and evaluated for a two-terminal network in normal and critical fault conditions, as well as for a 39-bus untransposed New England network. According to the obtained results, the average estimation error of all scenarios is approximately equal to 0.07%. The results presented in the simulation and sensitivity analysis section confirm the accurate and correct performance of the algorithm.

The asymptotic stability of the convex linear combination of continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is considered. Using the Gershgorin theorem it is shown that the convex linear combination of the linear asymptotically stable continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is also asymptotically stable. It is shown that the above thesis is also valid (even simpler) for positive linear systems.

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex disorder characterized by positive symptoms (e.g., hallucinations), negative symptoms (e.g., social withdrawal), and disorganized symptoms (e.g., thought disorder). Alongside these, cognitive and depressive symptoms often emerge, with depressive symptoms sometimes dominating the clinical picture. Understanding the factors that influence the development of depressive symptoms in schizophrenia could clarify the dynamics between depressive and psychotic symptoms and guide clinical interventions. Methods: A total of 105 patients with schizophrenia (66 women, 39 men) were assessed using several clinical scales: PANSS, BPRS, DOCS, DES, HAM-D, and the Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery for cognitive evaluation. Statistical analyses, including correlation and regression, were conducted using SPSS to determine the significance of associations. Results: Disorganized and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were identified as primary factors associated with depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. Conversely, a longer duration of untreated psychosis was linked to a lower severity of depressive symptoms, suggesting that early intervention may alter the depressive symptom trajectory. Conclusions: Here, we suggest a complex interaction between psychotic and depressive symptoms, possibly indicating a biological antagonism. The association of depressive symptoms with disorganized and obsessive-compulsive features may reflect an adaptive psychological response, attempting to stabilize amidst the disintegration of schizophrenia. These insights support a more integrated approach to treatment, addressing both psychotic and depressive symptoms to improve patient outcomes.

The existing literature exploring the experiences of parenting a trans child tends toward reporting the challenging aspects of the parental journey. Studies also reference positive experiences such as enhanced parent-child connectedness and affirmation of personal values. Limited dedicated research focused on the positive aspects of parenting a trans child exists. We aimed to better understand positive parental experiences accordingly. Using data from a large cross-sectional survey, we explored parental responses (N = 134) to a single open-text question asking what parents had experienced as positive about parenting their trans child. We used the general inductive approach (GIA) to analyze data and report on common themes. Almost all parents identified at least one positive aspect; most cited multiple benefits. Five major themes emerged from the data: 1) Personal growth; 2) experiencing the strengths of the child; 3) improved aspects of the parent-child relationship; 4) positive change in the child; 5) experiencing social connection and support. Findings provide a nuanced addition to the literature on parental experiences and have clinical implications for those working with parents of trans children. A better understanding of positive parental experiences can aid clinicians in increasing parental support and acceptance for young people within an affirmative framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the distinction between positive and normative economics in the context of tax economics. It explores how the study of behavioral economics and increased attention to tax evasion and enforcement complicate these distinctions. The article discusses various aspects of tax policy and government behavior, including the impact of tax cuts on corporate income, the role of behavioral biases in tax policy, and the use of notches and kinks in tax schedules. It also addresses the issue of taxpayer education and the trade-off between taxpayer privacy and tax enforcement. The author suggests that while behavioral anomalies may require some policy adjustments, the fundamental models of optimal taxation still hold. The article also explores the value of tax privacy and the potential impact of public tax disclosure on tax compliance. It discusses the effectiveness of different enforcement policies in reducing tax evasion and emphasizes the importance of tax economists behaving as scholars and prioritizing truth and accuracy in their research. The author highlights the potential bias in tax research due to data access granted by tax authorities and the need for transparency in policy recommendations. The article concludes by discussing the correlation between researchers' political views and their empirical investigations, emphasizing the importance of unbiased analysis in economics. [Extracted from the article]

We systematically reviewed extant studies evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of xanomeline and xanomeline-trospium (KarXT) for treatment of adults with schizophrenia. In accordance with PRISMA guidelines, articles were systematically searched for in databases and clinical trial registries. A total of 4 preclinical trials and 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this review. A 4-week RCT observed a difference of 24.0 points (SD 21.0) in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score between xanomeline and placebo groups (p = 0.039). A 5-week RCT observed PANSS total score changes from baseline to week 5, including −17.4 and −5.9 points in KarXT and placebo groups, respectively (LSMD −11.6 points; 95% CI −16.1 to −7.1; p < 0.001; d = 0.75). Another 5-week RCT observed PANSS total score changes from baseline to week 5, including −21.2 (SE 1.7) and −11.6 (SE 1.6) points in KarXT and placebo groups, respectively (LSMD −9.6; 95% CI −13.9 to −5.2; p < 0.0001; d = 0.61). Side effects include constipation, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, and dry mouth. KarXT offers an innovative non-D2 blocking approach, representing a promising treatment avenue for schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes the strategic integration of positive psychology research and interventions into the work of organizational ombuds. The purpose of that integration is to advance the wellbeing of ombuds, our visitors and organizations, and our field. The paper will review the what, why, and how of positive psychology, emphasizing that when to integrate positive psychology into ombuds work is now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Empirical studies suggest that gratitude positively influence the quality of life of palliative patients and relatives. However, the literature is marked by a lack of conceptual clarity about what gratitude is and whether it can bring about individual and social benefits. Aim: This paper explores how palliative care patients and relatives understand gratitude, how discursive representations of gratitude may affect their positions, perceptions and relations, and how to conceptualise gratitude in the palliative context. Design: We examine 33 gratitude letters written by patients and relatives and 25 semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a pilot gratitude intervention study. We use a qualitative approach, thematic analysis, within a conceptual framework of discourse analysis. Settings/participants: Data were collected from 23 patients and 13 relatives recruited through three hospital palliative care services in French-speaking Switzerland. Results: Participants articulate gratitude in five ways: (1) appreciating others; (2) love; (3) need to reciprocate; (4) appreciating the little things; (5) solace amid serious illness. While some of these representations are sources of positive emotions and outlook, wellbeing and hope, others may confirm self-perceptions of powerlessness and burden. These results support a tridimensional conceptualisation of gratitude in palliative care as source of individual benefits, valuing closest relationships and moral obligation. Conclusion: Our study suggests that gratitude is a key to a good (end of) life, whilst highlighting potential negative effects. It could help healthcare professionals to better understand what gratitude means to patients and relatives, which may facilitate awareness and fostering of gratitude in palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sarcasm can be defined as the use of words that mean the opposite of what the speaker actually says, especially to insult the recipient, to show irritation or to amuse the others. Sarcastic remarks are funny and constructive when they are mutually understood within a genuine relationship. Sarcasm has the potential to catalyze creativity for those who produce and receive it. A positive message delivered in a friendly tone - „You did a great job” and a negative message delivered in a patronizing or deprecating tone - “Your answers are far beyond all expectations” - are congruent.

Positive emotion, encompassing feelings such as joy and happiness, has been shown to predict a multitude of health outcomes. However, the role of positive emotion in pediatric asthma is not understood. No work to date has examined how positive emotion may offer benefits to children and adolescents with asthma. Based on theory and models of positive emotion and health, we hypothesize that positive emotion may improve asthma outcomes through mediators such as health behaviors and health-relevant physiological functioning. Moreover, boosting positive emotion during times of stress may be particularly relevant in mitigating asthma symptoms. In the present commentary, we elaborate on the hypothesized mechanisms behind such associations grounded within positive emotion theoretical frameworks. Additionally, we summarize the methodologically rigorous work of positive emotion interventions in other clinical settings to propose that positive emotion could be a useful tool in the management of pediatric asthma.

Politeness strategy is a strategy in the use of language related to the use of good and polite verbal communication, which can make communication work cooperatively. In terms of communicating, politeness strategies are very important to avoid conflicts in communication which means avoiding face-threatening acts (FTA) of the hearer. In researching politeness strategy, the film is a work of art that can be analyzed because it has characters and utterances that can be analyzed and are closely related to real life. Thus, a film entitled "Gifted" was chosen because this film is related to the education of gifted children, the parenting of gifted children, and is built on mental health issues in the world of learning. This study aims to analyze the politeness strategy of the main character in this film. This research used a qualitative descriptive approach and audio-visual data collection approach. The result of the analysis shows there are 60 politeness strategies data found from 512 utterances from the main characters. 37 data of positive politeness strategy categorized into three subtypes: Claim common ground (12 data), Convey that speaker and hearer are cooperators (24 data), and fulfill hearer’s want (1 data). 23 data of negative politeness strategy that categorized into: be direct (9 data), do not presume or assume (3 data), do not coerce hearer (3 data), and communicate speaker’s want to not impinge (23 data).

In this note, we prove that for two compatible fuzzy metrics M H and M K on H and K, respectively, there exists a fuzzy metric M on H ⋃ K such that M | H = M H and M | K = M K under the conditions that t-norm ∗ is positive and fuzzy metrics M H , M K are strong, or t-norm ∗ is positive and t-norm ∗, fuzzy metrics M H , M K satisfy the Lipschitz conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we propose a linear, second-order, semi-discrete time stepping scheme for the phase field crystal equation based on generalized positive auxiliary variable (GPAV) approach. This scheme reduces the operation counts by half compared to the GPAV and the scalar auxiliary variable methods in previous works. We prove the unconditionally energy stability and provide bounds and error estimates for the field function. Numerical experiments are carried out to verify our theoretical results and demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of the proposed scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nature of work has immensely changed in the last few years and so are the workforce expectations. Employees are steadily reassessing why and where they work. Even amidst workplace upheavals, they are in dire search for a sense of purpose to align themselves with that of their firms, whereas organizations still feel that employees sense transaction rather than appreciation. Thereby working with two opposite thoughts and feelings, companies have overlooked the essentials of employee well-being. Here, the role of positive outlook/perspectives of a firm emerge as a vital facet that can help to sustain authentic and motivating experiences at work. Thus positive sustainability at workplace can satiate the employees' want for social cohesion, trust and purpose. The present work is a multi-case study on four construction firms of West Bengal who were eager to design moments that reflected sustenance of positive aspects amidst all odds. The study revealed five crucial elements of positive sustainability (going beyond the pursuit of perfection, fostering learning agility and grit, mindful gratitude, managing energy rather than time, trust is crucial) which the firms have restored over time. Such aspects have brought about unique transformation at work and lead to resourcefulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focused on issues relating to communication patterns and parent-child relationships among households resident in University of Nigeria Nsukka (UNN) senior staff quarters. Specifically, the study determined ways family communication patterns influence parent/adolescent-child relationship among residents of UNN senior staff quarters (SSQs), digital communication channels used by families to enhance parent/adolescent-child relationship among residents of UNN SSQs, challenges that militate against parent/adolescent-child relationship and communication among residents of UNN SSQs and solutions to challenges militating against parent/adolescent-child relationship and communication among residents of UNN SSQs. The study adopted a survey design. Population for study comprised of residents of senior staff quarters in University of Nigeria Nsukka. Data were collected using questionnaire. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Findings include 11 possible ways communication patterns (open, close, aggressive and passive) influence parent/adolescent-child relationship. For instance, open communication pattern can engender “trust” (X̄ = 2.97), “enjoyment” (X̄ = 3.37), instruction/teaching/learning (X̄ = 2.92), and so on. Other findings include seven groups of digital channels used in parent/adolescent-child communication. These include mobile application (APPs) (X̄ = 3.31), video calls (X̄ = 3.12), social media (X̄ = 3.03), online learning (X̄ = 2.72), and others. Further findings are eight challenges militating against parent/adolescent-child relationship and communication, such as, busy schedules of parents (X̄ = 3.22), differences in communication styles among family members (X̄ = 3.11). More findings are seven measures for ameliorating the challenges, including, establishing regular family communication time (X̄ = 3.03), respect for other opinions (X̄ = 3.11), use open communication patterns and be honest (X̄ = 2.92). and others. Based on the findings four recommendations were made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The paper investigates various definitions of the concept of opinion as opposed to factual or evidence-based statements and proposes a taxonomy of opinions expressed in English as identified in selected social media. A discussion situates opinions in the realm of pragmatics and reaches to philosophy of language and cognitive science. The research methodology combines a thorough linguistic analysis of opinions, proposing their multifaceted taxonomy with the automatically generated lexical embeddings of positive and negative lexicon acquired from the analysed opinionated texts. As proposed, the definition of the concept of opinion is best apprehended when looked upon in terms of an opinion event, with a number of necessary conditions on the one hand, and those that are characteristic of an explicit opinion prototype on the other. Lists of opinion discourse markers show their preferential uses either in positive or negative opinionated texts; however, no sets of necessary and/or sufficient opinion markers properties have been acquired from the analysed texts. The conclusions indicate a polysemous understanding of naturally occurring social media opinionated texts and a definitional flexibility of the boundaries around lexical positive and negative types of opinion markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of platelet antibody expression and blood transfusion times on platelet transfusion in patients with hematological tumors. Methods The clinical data of 90 patients who received blood transfusion in the Department of Hematology and Oncology of Xi′an International Medical Center Hospital were collected, and the effects of platelet antibody positive and blood transfusion times on blood transfusion were studied. Results (1) The incidence of ineffective platelet transfusion (PTR) was 42.22% (38/90) in the 90 patients. After single platelet transfusion, the platelet count (PLT) and platelet hematocrit (PCT) of patients were significantly increased compared to before transfusion, with statistically significant differences (P＜0.05), the proportion of large platelets (P-LCR) and average platelet volume (MPV) of patients showed no significant changes compared to before transfusion, and the differences were not statistically significant (P＞0.05). (2) Among the 90 patients, 47 were platelet antibody positive and 43 were platelet antibody negative. The incidence of PTR in the platelet positive patients was higher than that in the platelet negative patients [53.19% (25/47) vs. 30.23% (13/43) ],with a statistically significant difference (P＜0.05). (3) Among the 90 patients, 48 patients had blood transfusions greater than six times, with a PTR incidence of 60.42% (29/48) and a platelet antibody positive rate of 64.58% (31/48). There were 42 patients who received 3-6 blood transfusions, with a PTR incidence of 21.43% (9/42) and a platelet antibody positive rate of 26.19% (11/42). The difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05) in the incidence of PTR and positive rate of platelet antibody among patients with different transfusion times. Conclusion Platelet antibodypositive and excessive platelet transfusions can increase the risk of PTR in patients with hematological tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the severity of climate change and environmental degradation, we might need to take the stance that our students can contribute to solutions for environmental problems. In this forum article, we propose a solutions-based pedagogy for global environmental politics in which we take students as experts and a potential source of innovation, akin to how students are treated at technical universities. We believe this approach to hold the promise of creating solutions as well as an empowered generation of future problem solvers. We think that international politics students are uniquely placed to find solutions to pressing environmental problems with their state-of-the-art knowledge on international politics in combination with idealism and an ability to think outside the box. We propose a course that harnesses this potential. This article provides a theoretical underpinning for a solutions-based pedagogy and places it within the wider pedagogical traditions in international relations, in particular critical pedagogies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A history of the transformation of public finance into public economics necessarily involves an understanding of the tension between positive and normative statements, that is a history of how public economists dealt with Robbins's requirements that economists should not make normative statements. In this paper, we propose to contribute to this history by discussing and comparing the works of two major economists of the 20th century, Paul Samuelson and James Buchanan. We show that they both use the same strategy to deal with the positive/normative tension: they adopt a reduced scale of analysis to escape normative judgements – the family for Samuelson and small groups (clubs) for Buchanan. What they do manage at this level is to create examples or models which remove that normative response from the theorist, and ascribe it to the participants. The normative views of the theorist are not involved. Yet, when one shifts back to a larger scale, the positive element of the analysis is less clear, at least in Samuelson's work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine preliminary effects of ReStoreD (Resilience after Stroke in Dyads) on resilience in couples coping with stroke-related challenges. Supplemental analysis of prospective pilot trial with pre-/post-assessments and 3-month follow-up. Community. Thirty-four cohabitating stroke-care partner dyads (N=34); at least 3 months post-stroke. 8-week self-administered dyadic intervention (ReStoreD) consisting of activities completed individually and as a couple. 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Care partner baseline resilience scores were significantly higher than persons with stroke scores. Repeated-measures analysis of variance suggest significant pre-post improvement in resilience for persons with stroke (mean difference [I - J]=-2.42, SE=.91, P =.04, 95% CI [-4.75, -0.08]) with a large effect size (η2=.34), which was maintained at 3-month follow-up. Care partners showed no significant change over time. This study provides preliminary evidence that ReStoreD improves resilience in persons with stroke. More research is needed to address resilience in care partners. These findings represent a promising first step to address the mental health needs in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The asymptotic stability of the convex linear combination of continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is considered. Using the Gershgorin theorem it is shown that the convex linear combination of the linear asymptotically stable continuous-time and discretetime linear systems is also asymptotically stable. It is shown that the above thesis is also valid (even simpler) for positive linear systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]