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Personality disorders are common, and often remain undiagnosed or are hidden by other psychiatric diagnoses such as anxiety or depression. Unusual behaviors include emotional instability, self-harming behavior, and difficulty building relationships. The diagnosis should be made by a specialist in a structured manner and communicated to the patient. Especially for borderline personality disorder the benefit of specific psychotherapy is evidence based. Drug therapies with psychotropic drugs should be avoided. A change in psychiatry is currently being observed in the area of personality disorders. The old way of thinking in terms of strict disease categories is increasingly being replaced by a dimensional description of mental disorders. How quickly this will happen and whether this new approach will be more successful than the old one remains to be seen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article looks back on the development of the »rehistoricising diagnostics« method. Furthermore, it is shown that this diagnostic procedure was significantly influenced by Italian »democratic psychiatry«, which was closely linked to the names of Franco Basaglia and Franca Ongaro Basaglia, among others, and which achieved a significant restructuring of Italian psychiatry. Rehistoricising diagnostic recognition, explanation and understanding fulfils the function of mediation and translation, so that social exclusion is overcome and participation is made possible, marks the conclusion of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• We found a rapid decrease in the number of scientific publications on mirror neurons and their implication in high-level processes of action understanding (empathy, mind-reading, and action understanding) after a wave of criticisms especially since 2010. • We did not find any time lag between the peaks of publication on high-level processes of action understanding in the field of psychiatry compared to other fields. • Our findings indicate effective knowledge dissemination between psychiatric research and other research fields. For more than thirty years, a huge stream of research has enlightened the functions of Mirror Neurons (MNs) in humans and animals. Criticisms have been published, especially since 2010, targeting neuropsychological hypotheses of the MNs which refer to empathy and mind-reading (i.e., high-level processes of action understanding), as well as the extrapolation of the MNs in an attempt to explain the etiology of psychiatric disorders, such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. One would expect that these criticisms be considered with a time lag in the field of psychiatry because they were not originally formulated in that field, that these hypotheses have gained significant popularity, and that criticism of the "broken mirror theory" of ASD emerged at a later stage. We conducted an analysis of publications on MNs on PubMed. We identified 2,595 publications on "Mirror Neuron" from January 1995 until the 27th of May 2023; 443 concerned psychiatric disorders and another 550 publications were related to high-level processes of action understanding. We found no time lag in publications on high-level processes of action understanding of MNs between the peaks of publications on psychiatric disorders and all the other publications (both peaks in June 2014). Our findings indicate effective knowledge dissemination between psychiatric research and other research fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Which theoretical and practical competences do the neurological and psychiatric case histories of the Hippocratic Corpus convey? Material and methods: The 431 Hippocratic case histories have been studied for reports and communication on the diagnostics, treatment and prognosis of single persons and groups of patients suffering from neurological and psychiatric diseases. Results: In the 7 books of the Hippocratic Epidemics, a total of 128 patients with neurological and psychiatric symptoms are described. Epidemic fever and its variants were the leading predisposing conditions and the main symptoms were delirium, coma, insomnia, headache, speech disorders and convulsions. A number of patients with phrenitis and opisthotonos are also reported. The majority of the sick persons were male, were teenagers or adults and 47 of them are mentioned by name. The patient's information about the course is often just as informative as the doctor's observations. Treatment was limited to physical and dietary measures. Discussion: The Hippocratic physician diagnosed and attempted to treat a large number of neurological and psychiatric diseases. The often almost continuous observations of the patients led to astonishingly precise predictions of the course and the prospects of recovery. Numerous symptoms described in the case studies, including carphologia and opisthotonus, have entered the neurological vocabulary. The retrospective etiological analysis of the reports leads to the almost explicit identification of neurosyphilis and encephalitis lethargica. The therapeutic measures described by the author were, as the changeable course of the diseases shows, only of limited effectiveness despite a very differentiated application over time, both against the underlying diseases and the neurological and psychiatric complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

‚Psychische Störungen' sind nicht nur ein Forschungsgegenstand der Psychiatrie oder der klinischen Psychologie. Seit ihren Anfängen widmet sich u.a. auch die Soziologie theoretisch erklärend diesem Thema mit seinen komplexen interaktionalen Dimensionen und von hoher gesellschaftlicher Relevanz. Dennoch haben ihre Beiträge zum interdisziplinären Diskurs im Verlauf der vergangenen Jahrzehnte kontinuierlich an Bedeutung verloren – vor allem in der deutschsprachigen Fachcommunity ist seit einiger Zeit sogar von einer Krise der Disziplin die Rede. Ausgehend von diesem Befund bemüht sich der Artikel um eine kritische Bestandsaufnahme der Soziologie psychischer Störungen sowohl in ihrer Auseinandersetzung mit den Erklärungsmodellen der Psychiatrie als auch in ihrem eigenen theoretischen Kernbestand. Es wird dabei möglichen Gründen für den konstatierten Bedeutungsverlust ihrer vielfältigen Ansätze und Modelle nachgegangen: Hat die Soziologie in ihren Theorien womöglich den Anschluss an die maßgeblichen Befunde der Psychiatrie verpasst? Oder hat sie sich ihnen umgekehrt bis zur Ununterscheidbarkeit angepasst? Sollte sie in pragmatischer Hinsicht ihren Erklärungsanspruch auf diesem Feld gar ganz hinter sich lassen? Der Artikel kommt zu dem Schluss, dass die Lösung des Rätsels letztlich in einem bestehenden Reflexionsdefizit innerhalb der eigenen Disziplin zu suchen sein könnte: Im Unterschied zur Psychiatrie hat die Soziologie psychischer Störungen bis heute kein verbindendes Paradigma, das ihre vielfältigen bis disparaten Bemühungen allererst zu einem gemeinsamen Forschungsprogramm zusammenführen und sie damit auch nach außen zu einer Disziplin einen würde. Als ein solches potenzielles theoretisches Zentrum der Soziologie psychischer Störungen wird die Kategorie der sozialen Identität vorgeschlagen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous article [1]), our team highlighted the interest and limitations of the Pharma Work Unit (UO) [2] in the accounting reprocessing of hospital pharmacies (PUI). The aim of this study is to highlight the interest and limitations of the UO within the framework of inter-establishment pharmaceutical cooperations on the one hand, and within the framework of the deployment of clinical pharmacy activities (APC) on the other hand. This is a retrospective observational study on data. The data comes from an external audit report from 2019 (unpublished), annual activity reports of the PUIs from 2019 to 2023 [3] , and hospitalization data from 2021 to 2023 [4, 5]. These were analysed using SPSS software (v.29.0.1). In 2019, the data collected during an audit commissioned by hospital management highlighted a budgeted number of beds and places relative to the paramedical staff that was three times higher at the PUI of the Centre hospitalier Fondation Vallée (CHFV) compared to that of the PUI of the Groupe hospitalier Paul Guiraud (GHPG). On the contrary, the activity data revealed an activity 5 to 100 times higher in the GHPG PUI. This resulted in a UO 26 times higher at GHPG and medical and paramedical human resources expenses relative to the UO almost 2 times lower. Between 2021 and 2023, whilst management was common, and the two PUIs initially dispersed over three sites were transformed into two PUIs on two sites. During this period, we observed a decrease in the pharma UO (-4%) associated with a fall in the number of beds (-24%) and a decrease in full-time hospitalization days (-10%). To explain this discrepancy between the evolution of the UO and that of hospitalization, it is necessary to consider all the weighted activities of the PUI on the one hand, but also the deployment of the APC on the other hand. The number of shared activities between the two PUIs is decreasing (global dispensation by reduction of capacity). However, the weighted activities of clinical pharmacy are increasing by 16%, and their share in the UO grew by 19%. This growth results from the redeployment of clinical pharmacists (PC) to care units (US) which were open but were not previously covered, the intensification of PC presence in these US - generating new requests for pharmaceutical interventions - as well as an innovative registration of a clinical pharmacist in ambulatory units. In the case of cooperation, the UO helps to inform on the impact of a reorganization and is useful for deciding on the fusion/closure of a PUI. Finally, regarding the APC, this lever must be clarified in terms of new processes for different activities customized for each and every patient, pathways, and treatments and when coordination is necessary between traditional professions and new professions such as advanced practice nurses or peer helpers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cet article nous retraçons l'histoire de la transpsychiatrie depuis le débat avec Sigmund Freud jusqu'à nos jours. L'objectif de cette épistémologie est de montrer comment les psychiatres ont toujours eu le souci des personnes trans à travers une clinique du choix de son genre, l'agenrement. Nous utilisons les sources d'archives et d'histoire de la psychiatrie depuis 1830 afin d'établir les étapes de la clinique du genre : d'une part en retrouvant dans les sources allemandes et américaines les premières consultations et les techniques innovantes ouvrant la voie aux traitements ; d'autre part en situant les différents discours contre la catégorisation binaire. Enfin en situant la parole et l'action des personnes « trans » dans la production des nouveaux savoirs expérientiels. Les résultats démontrent comment la clinique du genre est passée de la catégorisation binaire à une transpsychiatrie participative où les personnes trans et les professionnels de la psychiatrie. En allant de Dorchen Richet à Paul B. Preciado les résultats des techniques chirurgicales et hormonales sont mises en regard des modifications des institutions, des associations et des revues psychiatriques. La discussion entre les psychiatres et les personnes trans est mise en évidence ici à travers les thèmes de l'identité, de la parole des sujets et des protocoles d'accompagnement clinique. La transpsychiatrie est la reconnaissance à la fois de l'agenrement des personnes trans et de la transformation de la clinique du genre par la psychiatrie. In this article we establish the history of transpsychiatry from the debate with Sigmund Freud to the present day. The objective of this epistemology is to show how gender choice, or a-gendering, has always been part of psychiatrists' clinical practice with trans patients. We use archival sources and the history of psychiatry since 1830 in order to establish the stages of clinical work around gender: firstly, by finding in German and American sources the first consultations and the innovative techniques that made treatment possible; secondly, by situating the different discourses against binary categorization; and finally, by situating the speech and action of trans people in the production of new experiential knowledge. The results demonstrate how the notion of gender within clinical psychiatry has moved from binary categorization to a participatory transpsychiatry that includes trans people and professional psychiatrists. Going from Dorchen Richet to Paul B. Preciado, the results of surgical and hormonal techniques are compared with the modifications of institutions, associations, and psychiatric journals. The discussion between psychiatrists and trans people is highlighted here through the themes of identity, subjective speech, and clinical support protocols. Transpsychiatry is the recognition of both transgendering and the transformation of gender, as a clinical entity, by psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the new phenomenon of a significant increase in requests for social and even medical transition, mainly from adolescents who identify as trans and often feel uncomfortable in their bodies. In France, as in all industrialized countries, this exponential increase is linked to the use of digital social networks. This phenomenon of transidentification, which we distinguish from gender dysphoria, contrasts with the previous descriptions affecting mainly adult men (who have transitioned in adulthood). We will try to understand this important increase in requests and we will try to understand the meaning of the trans identification of these adolescents. First, in order to understand the emergence and the context of appearance of gender dysphoria in the psychological organization of young people, we will rely on studies that have highlighted the psychopathological comorbidities of transidentification. Then, we will present an analysis of certain invariants identified in our clinical practice, based on a group of 26 adolescents, around psychological history, psychic structure, and family functioning. These elements will allow us to discuss "transidentification," which is more a process of identification with the signifier "trans" than a fixed identity and which seems to be a solution to pubertal malaise. We will conclude on the types of psychotherapeutic treatments that seem relevant to these adolescents. What psychotherapeutic care should be given to these young people? How can we listen to the request for a sex change in a hyper-connected society where images flow in a present time disconnected from history? Transidentification is a concept that seems to us to be heuristic to think about the significant and recent increase of adolescents who present a dysphoria that seems more linked to puberty itself than to gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article aborde le phénomène nouveau qu'est l'augmentation significative des demandes de transition sociale, voire médicale, émanant principalement d'adolescentes qui s'identifient trans et bien souvent mal dans leur corps. En France, comme dans tous pays industrialisés, cette augmentation exponentielle est en lien avec l'utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques. Ce phénomène de transidentification que nous distinguons de la dysphorie de genre, contraste avec les descriptions précédentes affectant principalement les hommes adultes (qui ont effectué une transition à l'âge adulte). Nous essayerons de comprendre cette augmentation importante des demandes et nous tenterons de comprendre le sens de l'identification trans de ces adolescents. Dans un premier temps, afin de comprendre l'émergence et le contexte d'apparition de la dysphorie de genre dans l'organisation psychologique des jeunes, nous nous appuierons sur les études qui ont mis en lumière les comorbidités psychopathologiques de la transidentification. Puis, nous présenterons une analyse de certains invariants repérés dans notre clinique, à partir d'un groupe de 26 adolescents. Ainsi, on relèvera pour cette cohorte les antécédents psychologiques, la structure psychique de ces jeunes et le fonctionnement familial, mais encore les conditions d'apparition de la transidentification. Ces éléments nous permettront de discuter la « transidentification » qui est davantage un processus d'identification au signifiant « trans » qu'une identité fixe et qui semble être une solution au malaise pubertaire. Nous conclurons sur la manière dont il paraît pertinent de prendre en charge ces adolescentes en psychothérapie. Quelle prise en charge psychothérapeutique de ces jeunes ? Comment entendre la demande de changer de sexe dans une société hyper connectée où les images affluent dans un temps présent déconnecté de l'histoire ? La transidentification est un concept qui nous paraît heuristique pour penser l'augmentation importante et récente d'adolescents qui présentent davantage une dysphorie pubertaire qu'une dysphorie de genre. This article discusses the new phenomenon of a significant increase in requests for social and even medical transition, mainly from adolescents who identify as trans and often feel uncomfortable in their bodies. In France, as in all industrialized countries, this exponential increase is linked to the use of digital social networks. This phenomenon of transidentification, which we distinguish from gender dysphoria, contrasts with the previous descriptions affecting mainly adult men (who have transitioned in adulthood). We will try to understand this important increase in requests and we will try to understand the meaning of the trans identification of these adolescents. First, in order to understand the emergence and the context of appearance of gender dysphoria in the psychological organization of young people, we will rely on studies that have highlighted the psychopathological comorbidities of transidentification. Then, we will present an analysis of certain invariants identified in our clinical practice, based on a group of 26 adolescents, around psychological history, psychic structure, and family functioning. These elements will allow us to discuss "transidentification," which is more a process of identification with the signifier "trans" than a fixed identity and which seems to be a solution to pubertal malaise. We will conclude on the types of psychotherapeutic treatments that seem relevant to these adolescents. What psychotherapeutic care should be given to these young people? How can we listen to the request for a sex change in a hyper-connected society where images flow in a present time disconnected from history? Transidentification is a concept that seems to us to be heuristic to think about the significant and recent increase of adolescents who present a dysphoria that seems more linked to puberty itself than to gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Sante Mentale au Quebec is the property of Revue Sante Mentale au Quebec and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ambulatory care without consent is widely used, but it is controversial, and its effectiveness has not yet been proven. The patient experience remains largely unstudied in France, particularly that of young patients, yet their adherence to care in the early stages of the disease is complex and has an impact on their prognoses. The aim of this study is to investigate the experience of young patients undergoing a program of care (POC) in order to suggest ways of optimizing their care and to enrich the debate on the use of POCs. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 patients between ages 20 and 32, who were either undergoing a POC or had done so in the previous 5 years, followed by a semi-pragmatic phenomenological analysis of the resulting transcripts. (1) The outpatient experience with restraints is contradictory, ranging from deprivation and intrusion to support and protection. (2) The POC is portrayed as a framework for developing awareness of disorders and acceptance of care. (3) Patients report a lack of information about care with restraints, even to the point of being unaware of its existence. Patient–psychiatrist interactions within the POC are complicated by the restraints, but remain perceived as a care relationship. (4) They report constraints in their daily lives in connection to the POC, which can complicate professional involvement. The results support the importance of nurturing the therapeutic relationship within the POC and involving patients more in their care, starting with better information. They support the use of POCs as a temporary tool to be combined with work on adherence to treatment and support for social and professional reintegration. Psychiatry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades, two processes have been crucial for the development of psychotherapy regulation, which are interlinked and mutually reinforcing: efforts to legalise psychotherapy as an autonomous profession, and efforts to academise psychotherapy as an autonomous scientific discipline. While in Europe the European Association for Psychotherapy (EAP) plays a key role in efforts to legalise psychotherapy as an autonomous profession, the academisation of psychotherapy in the twentieth century started at postgraduate level, then, after the Bologna reform, at Masters and Doctoral level and, since 2005 also at undergraduate level, first in Austria and then in Slovenia and Germany. Based on brief descriptions of the regulation of psychotherapy in some European countries – Germany, Sweden, Finland, Austria, Malta and Croatia – it is pointed out that concern for equitable access to psychotherapy and its quality for those in need of such kind of help must be a key criterion and goal in efforts to regulate psychotherapy. The international comparison also shows that psychotherapy will survive but not flourish if it remains only in the hands of doctors and psychologists as a method or specialisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antidepressive pharmacotherapy has undergone various phases in its history. The euphoria of the early years on the relief of depressive symptoms was followed by a long period of clinical experience and intensive scientific work resulting in a more balanced perspective. Current debates circle around the actual effectiveness, especially with respect to long-term treatment, the prevention of suicide and the sequelae of discontinuation of an antidepressant. The evaluation of antidepressants as a group and often also the risk-benefit ratio of an individual treatment change over time. Antidepressants are typical for many forms of psychiatric treatment which, in a term from Hanfried Helmchen, are just as Janus-faced as psychiatry in a general sense is as a science and as a clinical discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Les activités à médiations artistiques et les soins culturels sont devenus une composante de la plupart des institutions hospitalières pour enfants et adolescents. Pourtant leur financement n'est pas spécifié. À partir de l'expérience d'un service hospitalo-universitaire, nous souhaitons réfléchir aux mesures qui pourraient favoriser leur maintien. Nous avons conduit une étude observationnelle et des entretiens (n = 15) pour colliger l'ensemble des activités conduites par un intervenant extérieur en 2023, leur thématique, le public visé, leurs objectifs, la nature des intervenants, l'existence d'une convention formalisée, d'un financement, et également leurs fréquence et durée. Trente-quatre partenaires différents ont mené 685 actions en 2023 dont 10 % ont pu être réalisées à l'extérieur de l'hôpital. Les thématiques abordées sont extrêmement variées (sports, arts de la scène, littérature, arts visuels...). Ces activités représentent 210 interventions en moyenne par unité, soit 4 par semaine. Elles sont néanmoins moins nombreuses dans l'unité de soins intensifs et les unités pour patients autistes avec comportements défis, et quasiment absente des unités extrahospitalières. Enfin, financement spécifique ou convention sont souvent absents. Malgré leur fréquence et un investissement de l'équipe et des partenaires conséquents, on constate de nombreuses fragilités. Nous développons l'idée que la création d'une politique culturelle co-construite entre une direction de la culture et du mécénat et les composantes cliniques (pour nous pédopsychiatriques) permettrait de résoudre certaines de ces fragilités et de promouvoir leur inscription dans le tissu de soin. Art-mediated activities and cultural care have become a component of most hospital institutions for children and adolescents. Yet their funding is not specified. Based on the experience of a university hospital department, we would like to consider measures that might encourage their continuation. We conducted an observational study and interviews (n = 15) to list all the activities carried out by an external contributor in 2023, their themes, the target audience, their objectives, the nature of the contributors, the existence of a formalized agreement, funding, as well as their frequency and duration. Thirty-five different partners carried out 685 actions in 2023, 10% of which were carried out outside the hospital. The themes addressed are extremely varied (sports, performing arts, literature, visual arts, etc.). These activities represent an average of 210 interventions per unit, or 4 per week. However, they are less numerous in the intensive care unit and units for autistic patients with challenging behaviors, and virtually absent from outpatient units. Finally, specific funding or agreements are often absent. Despite their frequency and the substantial investment made by the team and its partners, there are a number of weaknesses. We are developing the idea that the creation of a cultural policy co-constructed between a cultural and sponsorship department and the clinical components (in our case, child psychiatry) would make it possible to resolve some of these weaknesses and promote a better inclusion in patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Tijdschrift voor Gezondheidsrecht is the property of Boom uitgevers Den Haag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'unité régionale de soins aux auteurs de violences sexuelles a vu le jour à Lille, en 2009, sous l'impulsion du Docteur Tiphaine Séguret, et sous l'égide de l'Agence Régionale de Santé des Hauts-de-France. Elle est hébergée par le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille. Cette unité est née de l'impérieuse nécessité de créer et coordonner des soins spécifiques incluant les dimensions psychocriminologiques et sexocriminologiques, dans une articulation au carrefour de la Santé et de la Justice. À l'origine dédiée aux sortants de prison condamnés pour des infractions à caractère sexuel, cette unité a connu une diversification protéiforme, à mesure de la découverte des nombreux cas de figure et problématiques qui lui étaient confiés. Exerçant aujourd'hui de la pédiatrie jusqu'aux institutions pour personnes âgées dépendantes, l'URSAVS a ouvert la voie à une réflexion de fond sur les méthodes et pratiques de soins spécifiques aux auteurs de violences sexuelles. Ses résultats en matière de prévention de la récidive à cinq ans (1 %) montrent une efficacité durable de son paradigme de soin, rapportée aux statistiques nationales de récidives sur la même durée (15 % pour les viols, 11 % pour les agressions sexuelles, 12 % pour les harcèlements sexuels, selon le ministère français de la Justice). The regional unit for the care of perpetrators of sexual violence (URSAVS) was established in Lille in 2009, under to the impetus of Doctor Tiphaine Séguret, and under the aegis of the Regional Health Agency of the department of Hauts-de-France. It is hosted by the University Hospital of Lille. This unit was born out of the urgent need to establish and coordinate specific care services including psycho- and sex-criminological dimensions, at the crossroads of mental health service and judicial entities. Originally destined for those who had been convicted of sexual offences and who were being released from prison, this unit has diversified in many ways, as the many cases and problems entrusted to it were discovered. Operating today in the realms of pediatrics, care of the elderly, and including the National Education system, URSAVS has paved the way for a fundamental reflection on the methods and practices of care specific to perpetrators of sexual violences. Its results in the prevention of recidivism after 5 years (1%), demonstrate the lasting effectiveness of its paradigm of care, especially when compared to national statistics on recidivism over the same period (15% for rape, 11% for sexual assault, 12% for sexual harassment, according to the French Ministry of Justice). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Many people who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder also have comorbid personality disorder. Few studies have explored how personality disorder may influence pharmacological treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to conduct a secondary analysis of data from a clinical trial of adjunctive nutraceutical treatments for bipolar depression, to determine whether maladaptive personality traits influence treatment outcomes. Methods: Scores on the Standardised Assessment of Personality – Abbreviated Scale screener were used to classify participants as having bipolar disorder with (n = 119) and without (n = 29) above threshold personality disorder symptoms (personality disorder). Outcome measures included: The Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impressions and Improvement Severity Scales, Patient Global Impressions–Improvement scale, Bipolar Depression Rating Scale, Range of Impaired Functioning Tool, Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale and Quality of Life and Enjoyment Scale (Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form). Generalised estimated equations examined the two-way interactions of personality disorder by time or treatment and investigated personality disorder as a non-specified predictor of outcomes. Results: Over time, the Patient Global Impressions–Improvement scores were significantly higher in those in the personality disorder group. No other significant differences in the two-way interactions of personality disorder by treatment group or personality disorder by time were found. Personality disorder was a significant but non-specific predictor of poorer outcomes on the Bipolar Depression Rating Scale, Range of Impaired Functioning Tool, and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form, regardless of time or treatment group. Conclusions: This study highlights the potential impact of maladaptive personality traits on treatment outcomes and suggests that the presence of comorbid personality disorder may confer additional burden and compromise treatment outcomes. This warrants further investigation as does the corroboration of these exploratory findings. This is important because understanding the impact of comorbid personality disorder on bipolar disorder may enable the development of effective psychological and pharmacotherapeutic options for personalised treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quel est le sujet de la psychiatrie ? Professionnelles du service de psychiatrie de l'hôpital d'instruction des armées Sainte-Anne à Toulon, nous avons eu l'idée de formuler une première réflexion à trois, entre psychomotricienne, psychologue et psychiatre, autour du soin en psychiatrie, en supportant les nuances voire les divergences de nos pratiques. Notre présent travail ne prétend pas mener à une pensée univoque ; il s'impose d'une volonté de soutenir la nécessité d'une continuité des soins, du travail en commun, du décloisonnement des différents espaces où est entendu le sujet, devant la discontinuité qui touche aujourd'hui la psychiatrie en France. Notre fil rouge sera le transfert comme instrument nécessaire pour que puisse se produire dans la rencontre une parole inédite. What is psychiatry about? As professionals in the Department of Psychiatry of the Sainte-Anne Army Hospital in Toulon, we decided to formulate an initial three-way discussion between psycho-motor specialists, psychologists and psychiatrists on the subject of psychiatric care, bearing in mind the nuances and even the divergences in our practices. Our current work does not claim to lead to unequivocal thinking; it is based on a desire to support the need for continuity of care, for working together, and for decompartmentalizing the different areas where the subject of psychiatry is relevant, especially in light of the discontinuity that is present in the practice of psychiatry in France today. Our common thread will be transference as a necessary element so that this encounter can develop an unprecedented form of expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La recherche est-elle nécessaire au soin en psychiatrie ? Pourrait-elle au contraire s'avérer contre-productive, et réduire son champ par le réductionnisme inhérent à sa méthodologie ? Sont dépliés dans cet article les spécificités du soin en psychiatrie, à travers l'histoire de notre discipline et son lien étroit avec la recherche clinique comme fondamentale. Ses principaux axes de développement sont ensuite détaillés au regard de leur impact sur le soin, puis est discutée, à la lumière des enjeux éthiques et épistémologiques de la discipline, la compatibilité entre la question du soin, dont l'essence même est de veiller au bien-être du sujet, et celle de la quête d'un savoir, qui vise souvent d'abord l'intérêt collectif et indirectement le soin individuel, sans pour autant en constituer le garant. Is research necessary for psychiatric care? On the contrary, could it prove to be counter-productive, reducing the scope of the field by the reductionism inherent in its methodology? This article examines the specific features of care in psychiatry, from the point of view of the history of our discipline and its close links with both clinical and fundamental research. Its main lines of development are then detailed, viewed through the lens of the ethical and epistemological challenges facing the discipline, in terms of their impact on care, and the compatibility between the question of care, and that of the quest for knowledge. The very essence of the former being to look after the subject's well-being, whereas that of the latter is often aimed primarily at the collective interest and indirectly at individual care, without necessarily guaranteeing it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les enjeux éthiques de la prise en charge des personnes transgenres, et par extension, l'évaluation de la transidentité parmi les internes de psychiatrie français ont été analysés. Une revue de la littérature, afin d'aborder l'historicité du sexe, à travers sa définition et ses variations, ainsi que la naissance de la conception du genre a été réalisée. Une réflexion est également menée autour des enjeux éthiques de la prise en charge des personnes trans', à travers l'autonomie du choix, la bienfaisance et la non-malfaisance de l'accès à la transition hormonochirurgicale (THC), et les enjeux sociétaux entraînés par l'évolution de la considération du genre. Les internes de psychiatrie français ont été interrogés sur leur opinion concernant le respect de l'autonomie des personnes transgenres lors de l'évaluation et l'accompagnement psychiatrique. Cette réflexion s'est élargie à travers l'enquête à la non-malfaisance du diagnostic de dysphorie de genre et au principe de justice dans la prise en charge des personnes transgenres en France. Les réponses recueillies sont majoritairement en faveur d'une autonomie de la personne trans', avec une mise en avant de sa capacité et sa liberté d'autodétermination. L'examen psychiatrique préalable à une THC reste perçu comme nécessaire afin d'éliminer les diagnostics différentiels et d'évaluer le consentement éclairé de la personne, bien qu'il renvoie un sentiment de pathologisation aux personnes concernées. Ce sentiment de pathologisation est en revanche perçu comme moindre si cette consultation est faite par un psychologue. This article focuses on the ethical issues surrounding gender-affirming care for transgender people (i.e. A person whose gender does not correspond to their sex assigned at birth), particularly the respect of the rights of transgender patients to autonomy during psychiatric evaluations. This topic gives leave to a deeper investigation into the principles of non-maleficence when diagnosing gender dysphoria and into the principles of justice when providing essential medical care for transgender people in France. Firstly, a review of the literature was carried out in order to explore the historicity of sex, its definition and variations, and the concept of gender identity. To establish the latter's relationship to psychiatry, the evolution of gender dysphoria through psychiatric classifications and guidelines was reviewed, as well as the role of the psychiatrist in the process of gender-affirming treatment. A reflection was also carried out concerning the ethical issues of the medical care of trans people, through the autonomy of choice, beneficence and non-maleficence of access to the hormonal-surgical transition, and the societal issues involved in the evolution of the consideration of gender. A study was conducted via a websurvey and a questionnaire was sent to psychiatric residents completing their studies in France. A total of 70 respondents were included. The questionnaire asked residents to give their opinion on transgender people's right to autonomy (and how to respect them) during psychiatric assessments and psychological inputs. The answers from the residents indicate that they are mainly in favor of upholding transgender people's right to autonomy, with an emphasis on their capacity and their right to self-determination. Conversely, 15% of the respondents viewed transgender identities as a mental disorder and were more in favor of a medicalized model of treating gender dysphoria. A psychiatric assessment prior to receiving gender-affirming care was still perceived as necessary in order to eliminate differential diagnoses and to evaluate the capacity for informed consent, however, this may be perceived as excessive pathologization for transgender people. On the other hand, this feeling of pathologization is perceived as diminished if this consultation is performed by a psychologist. These answers suggest the necessity of carrying out a comparison with the feelings of the concerned individuals, for a more ethical management of transidentity. The issue of meeting the demands of the transgender population is still being debated. It is legitimate to ask whether we can, under cover of their freedom of choice, let the persons concerned make the decision without having first undergone a medical evaluation, and whether the individual's autonomy must take precedence over potential irreversible negative outcomes. Through this study, it appears that the sampled psychiatry residents sense that those individuals seeking transgender care have the feeling of pathologization that is induced by a consultation with a psychiatrist before starting gender-affirming care. On the other hand, if the consultation is conducted by a psychologist this feeling of pathologization is less a factor. This assumption should obviously be affirmed with the concerned persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phytotherapeutic products in the field of psychiatry are rarely used. However, a significant number of patients take aromatherapy and phytotherapy treatments without informing their nursing staff, and sometimes with very little information from specialists. In this article, we'll look at how, within a mental health day hospital, we set out to explore and implement actions adapted to this particular context. A questionnaire was first distributed to 70 patients to assess their use of both plants and essential oils, and to identify their own needs and their own expectations. A clear demand for information emerged from this survey, which led to the writing of a "Guide to the use of essential oils and plants for relaxation and sleep". Then we set up aromatherapy workshops so that those who volunteered could prepare dilutions of essential oils for anxiolytic, hypnotic or anti-depressive purposes. This initial approach is part of an integrative approach to medicine, providing This initial approach is part of an integrative approach to medicine, providing complementary therapeutic tools to help patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Medical interaction and exploration techniques are the most important tools that medical students have to acquire in the subject of psychiatry and psychotherapy. The new digital technologies currently available, such as virtual reality (VR), as important supplements can contribute to a significant improvement in the teaching of psychiatric-psychopathological learning content as well as, in particular, the technique of ascertaining the psychiatric history and diagnosis. Objective: Evaluation of the Bochum Avatar Exploration Project (AVEX) as part of the curricular course in medical studies at the Ruhr University Bochum for its possibilities to convey learning content and techniques of anamnesis and diagnosis in the subject of psychiatry and psychotherapy. Methods: In AVEX, a total of 87 medical students in the clinical study section have so far been able to enter into a dialogue with "mentally ill" avatars and gain experience with VR technology as a learning and teaching method in the subject of psychiatry and psychotherapy. Results: Despite the limited possibilities for interaction with the digital avatars, it is possible to achieve a substantial transfer of learning content in psychiatry; however, the students must be well supported by the lecturers. Conclusion: The AVEX project already shows promising possibilities for supplementing the teaching of medical students, even if the fit of questions and replies in dialogue with the virtual avatars still needs to be improved. As advances in the linguistic communication of emotions and the visual effects of the avatar representation can be predicted, the significance of this technology will continue to increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Physicians and psychologists at psychiatric university hospitals are assigned teaching tasks from the first day of work without necessarily having the prerequisite training in teaching methods. This exploratory survey provides a needs-based analysis for the prospective didactic training of physicians and psychologists at psychiatric hospitals in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed at medical schools via email in German-speaking countries in Europe. All physicians involved in teaching medical students at psychiatry faculties were eligible to participate in the survey. Participants were further requested to recruit eligible participants (snowball sampling). Responses were analyzed descriptively, and differences between groups were calculated using nonparametric Mann-Whitney U tests (p<.05). Results: Overall, 97 respondents (male=55, female=42; mean age= 40.6) from 19 medical schools completed the survey. The respondents consisted of 43 residents, 39 specialists, 6 chief physicians and 9 psychologists. Of the respondents, 97.6% rated didactic competence as either highly relevant or rather relevant for teaching medical students. The highest overall interest was shown for bedside teaching (mode=4; IQR: 2-4) and error culture (mode=3; IQR: 2-4). Respondents expressed the highest training needs for topics regarding presentation and communication (mode=3; IQR: 2-3). Resident physicians were significantly more interested in bedside teaching (U=362.0, p=0.004) and roleplay (U=425.0; p=0.036) than specialist physicians, who were more interested in examination didactics (U=415.0; p=0.022). Chief physicians displayed significantly deeper interest in group dynamics (U=51; p=0.023) than specialist physicians. In-person training was preferred by a majority of respondents, and 27.4% preferred online/web-based training. Conclusions: The majority of physicians and psychologists at psychiatric university hospitals considered professional development for faculty to be helpful for teaching medical students. Bedside teaching and error culture management were the most desired teaching topics for training medical teachers. Tailored educational interventions are recommended, with target-oriented priorities for different hierarchical levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper celebrates the life and legacy of psychiatrist and Jungian author Anthony Stevens, who passed away at age 90 on July 13, 2023. It outlines Stevens's origins as a research fellow in Greece, where his work on infant attachment led to a lifelong dedication to establishing the biological and evolutionary foundation of psychiatry. It details his instrumental role in the debate about the theory of archetypes and describes the current state of the literature including the responses and reactions to Stevens's biological innatist position. The paper concludes with a career retrospective in which Stevens's major works are introduced and briefly described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cette communication, nous montrons que la littérature sur la prévalence des troubles psychiatriques et liés à l'usage de substances en milieu pénitentiaire est riche. Son interprétation se heurte toutefois à plusieurs difficultés : (i) une grande hétérogénéité des systèmes judiciaire et de soins de santé mentale entre les pays et (ii) des spécificités de l'environnement carcéral parfois négligées dans la méthodologie des études. Forts de ce constat, nous développons les résultats d'un certain nombre de travaux de référence sur la prévalence des troubles psychiatriques et liés à l'usage de substances dans les prisons françaises. Nous discutons enfin les perspectives en termes d'épidémiologie psychiatrique en milieu pénitentiaire. In this paper, we show that the literature on the prevalence of psychiatric and susbtance use disorders in prisons is substantial. However, there are a number of difficulties one encounters in interpreting this literature: (i) there is considerable heterogeneity between countries' judicial and mental health care systems, and (ii) the specific features of the prison environment are sometimes overlooked in the methodology used to conduct such studies. With this in mind, we discuss a number of benchmark studies on the prevalence of psychiatric and substance use disorders in French prisons. Finally, we discuss the perspectives for psychiatric epidemiology in prisons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les unités hospitalières spécialement aménagées (UHSA) sont des dispositifs récents en France pour le soin en psychiatrie à des personnes détenues. Celles-ci s'inscrivent dans une histoire et un contexte plus large d'imbrication santé–justice. Cet article propose une lecture contextuelle du soin au sein de l'UHSA où nous exerçons. Autour de l'axe espace–temps nous avons décodé des manières de lire le vécu et l'expression psychopathologie des troubles de personnes incarcérées. L'écrasement de l'espace et du temps nous paraît particulièrement prégnant dans le milieu carcéral et demande parfois des solutions autres. L'hospitalisation dans nos murs en est une et certains patients reviennent régulièrement. L'UHSA au niveau de l'espace, du temps et de la relation, prend en charge et accompagne les patients dans un décalage du monde carcéral. À partir des modes d'entrée dans le soin, avec ou sans consentement, se lisent des manières d'être hospitalisé et de s'approprier les soins. Notre hypothèse est que ce lieu permet une sortie ou un enfermement supplémentaire en milieu hospitalier. Unités hospitalières spécialement aménagées (UHSA) are recent French structures offering psychiatric care to incarcerated persons. UHSA are part of a broader history and context of the interweaving of care and justice. This article proposes a contextual reading of the care processes within the UHSA in which we work. By following a spatio-temporal axis, we have avenues for reading the experience and psychopathological expression of the disorders of incarcerated people. The crushing of space and time seems to us particularly prevalent in the prison environment and sometimes requires other solutions. Hospitalization in a UHSA is now one of them, and some patients return here regularly. UHSA, in terms of space, time and relationships, takes charge of patients and accompanies them in a different way from the prison world. By starting from the ways of entry into care, with or without consent, we can read the ways of being hospitalized and of appropriating care. Our hypothesis is that this place allows an exit or an additional confinement in the hospital environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plusieurs études épidémiologiques témoignent des problématiques de santé mentale chez les personnes incarcérées. En France, le Plan Psychiatrie et Santé Mentale de 2011 à 2015 considère l'entourage du malade comme ressource essentielle à la fois pour l'évaluation, l'accompagnement et le rétablissement du patient. Cette étude a pour objectif principal d'analyser la place actuelle de l'entourage des patients dans les prises en charge psychiatriques en prison et plus particulièrement au sein des Structures d'Accompagnement vers la Sortie de prison. Il s'agit d'une étude qualitative multicentrique menée auprès de 16 professionnels de santé travaillant dans les quatre Structures d'Accompagnement vers la Sortie de effectives au moment de la réalisation de l'enquête. Actuellement, l'entourage reste peu associé au parcours de soins psychiatrique ambulatoire du patient en milieu pénitentiaire. On observe une absence de tout contact avec les proches dans la majorité des cas. Ce résultat contraste avec la volonté des professionnels de santé d'intégrer les proches dans leurs pratiques car les soignants considèrent l'entourage comme un pilier essentiel pour le rétablissement du patient. Il existe de nombreux bénéfices à intégrer l'entourage au parcours de soins du patient incarcéré mais aussi des limites à cette intégration. Les Structures d'Accompagnement vers la Sortie apparaissent comme des structures propices à l'inclusion des proches dans les pratiques des professionnels. L'intégration de l'entourage dans les prises en charge peut être mise en place par la réalisation d'actions concrètes, établies dans cette étude, afin de proposer une offre de soins optimale et une prise en charge globale du patient. A specific population category, that of prisoners, is particularly affected by mental health problems, as demonstrated by the main epidemiological studies on the subject. This finding has prompted the French prison administration to consider factors likely to improve the mental state of prisoners and reduce the chances of recidivism in the future. Among these factors, maintaining ties with family and friends is at the top of the list and is currently a priority for the prison administration. We wanted to understand how well professionals working in outpatient psychiatry in prisons were aware of this issue, particularly those who prepare patients for their release from prison. The principle aim of this study is to examine the current role of family and friends in the patient's care and within the systems that support patients on their release from prison. This study is a prospective, multi-center qualitative study of medical staff working in discharge support structures, known as "SAS" in France, using semi-structured interviews. The SAS facilities included were those that existed and had been operating for at least one year at the time of the interviews. The interviews were conducted until all the data were compiled. Sixteen interviews were carried out. The results show that in the majority of cases there was no contact with the patient's family and friends during the outpatient psychiatric care in prisons. This contrasts with the repeated reference to family and friends in the comments made by caregivers during the interviews. For the vast majority, the people close to the patient are considered to be the pillars of the patient's reintegration into society, and caregivers would like to integrate the patients' entourages more significantly into their practices. According to several of the people interviewed, those close to the patient have an influence on the development and recurrence of mental disorders, on the experience of imprisonment and on acting out. Caregivers perceive many benefits from the inclusion of family and friends, both for the patient and his or her loved ones. On the other hand, the study showed that there are limits to this integration in treatment, specifically those concerning the prison institution, the caregivers and the patients themselves. This study provides several elements confirming the idea that the SAS is a structure conducive to the inclusion of family and friends in psychiatric practices. Finally, the results highlight some innovative ideas for integrating family and friends into this pre-release care. Currently, there is little integration of family and friends in the outpatient psychiatric care of patients in French prisons, particularly within the SAS. This study proposes future developments in these practices and suggests some very interesting perspectives on the subject. Integrating family and friends into care can be achieved by taking the concrete steps set out in this study, in order to provide optimum care and overall patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les Unités pour Malades Difficiles (UMD) sont des institutions psychiatriques françaises prenant en charge des patients présentant pour autrui un danger tel qu'ils nécessitent des protocoles thérapeutiques intensifs adaptés. Les études les plus récentes décrivant ce type de patient sont toutes unicentriques. C'est au travers de la première étude épidémiologique descriptive multicentrique, incluant les patients des dix UMD de France, que nous dressons le portrait du patient type d'UMD hospitalisé entre le 15 et 28 avril 2019 grâce à un questionnaire envoyé à toutes les UMD. De plus, nous nous intéressons à la dangerosité psychiatrique en étudiant et revisitant les facteurs de dangerosité psychiatrique établis par la HAS en 2011. Ainsi nous retrouvons un homme, jeune, célibataire, à l'insertion socioprofessionnelle précaire, ayant des antécédents judiciaires, présentant une schizophrénie chimiorésistante à symptomatologie positive, une faible conscience des troubles et adressé principalement en UMD pour des violences à l'encontre des soignants. La majorité des facteurs de dangerosité de la HAS sont ainsi retrouvés et, de plus, notre étude nous a permis d'identifier de possibles nouveaux facteurs de dangerosité que sont le déracinement culturel, la présence d'une conjugopathie parentale, le fait d'être sans domicile fixe, l'existence de conduites perverses sadiques, la chimiorésistance et la présence de manifestations agressives dans le mois précédant le passage à l'acte. C'est ainsi qu'en prenant en compte l'ensemble des facteurs sociomédicojudiciaires des patients, nous pouvons tenter d'évaluer au mieux la dangerosité globale et le prendre en charge de façon cohérente en l'adressant dans un établissement adapté. The ten French psychiatry high security care units (Unité pour Malades Difficiles : UMD) are the only forensic institutions in the country to provide care for dangerous and/or difficult patients (homicide, acts of barbarity, sexual assault, cannibalism, pyromania...). They benefit from intensive care protocols and high security measures. In this first epidemiological multicentric descriptive study in French history including 418 violent and homicidal patients, medico-judiciary and social characteristics of the standard UMD patient are described. This standard patient is a young single man, with a criminal record and from an underprivileged background, suffering from treatment-resistant schizophrenia with strong delusional symptoms. He has a weak compliance to treatment, low insight, a history of drug abuse and is admitted for severe violence against others and in particular against caretakers or for homicidal act. The study's secondary goal is to revisit the risk factors of high violence described in medical literature and to reveal new ones (cultural uprooting, parental psychopathology, homelessness, perverse sadistic behavior, aggressive behavior a month prior the violent acting out, resistance to antipsychotic drugs, treatment discontinuation), particularly in the homicidal patient cohort. This study should enable clinicians to evaluate dangerousness and to offer better medical care and preventive measures against violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fille de l’anthropologue et criminologue Cesare Lombroso, Gina Lombroso obtient son diplôme en médecine en 1891 avec une thèse sur Les avantages de la dégénérescence. Elle participe au débat culturel et scientifique autour des concepts de « dégénérescence », « atavisme », « délinquance », « stigmates psychologiques », etc. ; et contribue au débat sur l’émancipation de la femme. Elle théorise “l’altérocentrisme”, c’est-à-dire l’altruisme comme caractère féminin inné et s’oppose au concept d’assujettissement congénital et irrévocable de la femme, définissant la condition féminine comme tragique. Cette contribution se concentre sur l’analyse de certains de ses écrits qui montrent l’attention qu’elle portait aux transformations de son époque. On prendra aussi en compte les critiques qui lui sont adressées et les mérites qui lui sont reconnus. On mettra en évidence l’utilisation d’un certain type d’iconographie avec laquelle Gina Lombroso et d’autres intellectuelles du tournant du XXe siècle sont présentées.

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A 56-year-old postmenopausal woman (FB) was diagnosed with Grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma but was refusing a hysterectomy. The patient understood she had cancer and understood treatment was required to treat the condition. However, due to a well-entrenched delusion of pregnancy associated with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, FB believed the surgery recommended by her gynecologist would harm the fetus she believed to be developing inside her womb. FB was deemed incapable of consenting to surgery due to her pregnancy delusion, which meant that the procedure could be performed with consent from a substitute decision maker (SDM). In this paper, we describe our team’s approach to the presenting moral dilemma consisting of a choice between forcing surgery on an unwilling patient or allowing her to die of a treatable illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnosing a non-epileptic seizure is difficult in the absence of a video electroencephalogram. The expert commission of the international league against epilepsy proposes a diagnostic approach allowing the diagnosis to be made according to a degree of certainty with or in the absence of a video electroencephalogram. Our objective was to determine the hospital frequency of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures in the absence of videoelectroencephalogram. Using the outpatient registry, we identified patients followed for epilepsy with two normal interictal electroencephalographies, between January 2020 and October 2021. A review of the patients' medical records and an assessment of the validity of the diagnosis were carried out. Out of 64 patients evaluated with normal interictal electroencephalogram, 19 were included as suffering from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures, i.e. 26.68%. The average age was 23.94 +/- 9.4 years. Women represented 68.4%. Patients followed in neurology represented 84%. A history of childhood trauma was found in (47.4%). The first crisis was preceded by stressful events in 47.36%. Post-traumatic stress disorder was the most represented with 73.7% of cases. The average age was 20.95 +/- 9.8 years for the first crisis and the average duration of evolution of the crises was 3 years +/- 2 years. This study illustrates the possibility of making a presumptive diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizure in the absence of video-electroencephalogram. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgroung: The iatrogenic effects of psychotropic drugs in patients suffering from psychiatric diseases are frequent, negatively impacting compliance, hence the need to study them to minimize the risk of occurrence. Aim: To study psychotropic drugs side effects prescribed and compliance with treatment. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study using an anonymous questionnaire, covering adult patients, treated on an outpatient basis at the Ibn Nafis psychiatric hospital in Marrakech, Morocco. It took place between May and June 2023. The compliance degree was determined according to the Morisky questionnaire. The side effects imputability study followed the French method. Results: Two hundred patients were consulted with an average age of 43.92 years, and a F/M sex ratio of 1.38. Approximately 45 % of treatments administered were antipsychotics. The respondents were followed mainly for psychotic disorders (42.5%), followed by anxiety-depressive disorders (42%). With an average compliance score of 8, 43% of patients were considered good adherents to treatment. A total of 1801 side effects were identified in 200 patients, with mainly neurological effects, followed by neurovegetative, endocrine and psychological and cognitive effects. Conclusion: This study clearly shows the reality and psychotropic treatments side effects importance in these patients followed on an outpatient basis. It would be interesting to develop a therapeutic education activity with this category of patients in order to improve the detection and side effects management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent review of the literature has shown that one of the reasons for excess mortality among people with mental disorders is less access to somatic care (Gandré et al., 2022). This article explores the testimonial injustices by people living with mental health problems and their repercussions on their somatic care, through analyzing the accounts of people affected by mental disorders, psychiatric caregivers and nursing students. It also proposes a device to bring (future) caregivers to question their own practices regarding the testimonial injustices experienced by people with mental disorders. Finally, it is an opportunity to think about addressing this theme in pre- and post-graduate healthcare training to improve the cares of people concerned by this issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represented a serious challenge for healthcare systems worldwide. Special psychiatric patients represent a vulnerable group and are particularly affected by lockdown interventions. Knowledge on the possible effects for this group of patients in an emergency physician setting is low. Objective: The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the first lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 on emergency ambulance services for psychiatric patients in a large German city. Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on all prehospital psychiatric emergencies in a large German city during the first pandemic-related lockdown from 22 March 2020 to 4 May 2020, with the same period in 2019 serving as a reference. Results: During the first lockdown there was a significant increase in the number of emergency missions with respect to psychiatric cases. A substantial rise in substance-associated deployments was observed. Moreover, there was an increase in the proportion of psychiatric patients who did not meet emergency criteria. Suicidal tendencies and agitation status played a minor role during the lockdown. Conclusion: The lockdown had a notable impact on the frequency and profile of emergency physician calls in the metropolitan area studied. The substantial increase in substance-associated callouts can be interpreted as both a deterioration in access to the healthcare system and an expression of the increased stress faced by the general population and vulnerable groups in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the trajectory of the diagnostic category 'Religious or Spiritual Problem', included in 1994 in the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the main diagnostic manual of North American psychiatry. Three moments of this trajectory are highlighted here: the beginning with transpersonal psychology, the debate around its inclusion in the DSM-IV, and the mobilization of the category in psychiatric research about spirituality in Brazil. Drawing on an array of material gathered through archival, bibliographical, and ethnographic research, I point out that the trajectory of 'Religious or Spiritual Problem' mirrors the shifts in spirituality scholarly debates in social sciences, from New Age practices to their institutionalized forms. Although psychiatry is known to historically pathologize religious or spiritual experience, I argue that the mobilization of such category acts toward legitimizing contemporary psychiatric research about spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recht & Psychiatrie is the property of Psychiatrie Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The impacts of nature and climate change on mental health are substantial but the underlying mechanisms are still poorly understood. The immune system in particular could play an important role. Therefore, the German Center for Mental Health (DZPG) in Munich will use state of the art model systems to elucidate the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of mental disorders under altered environmental conditions and to develop preventive treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Disability Studies is the property of Canadian Disability Studies Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)