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Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Industrial Minerals & Processing / Huagong Kuangwu yu Jiagong is the property of Industrial Minerals & Processing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article studies the effect of single-layer electrolytic coatings made of nanosized copper powders obtained by chemical deposition on the sound level, i.e., on the sound pressure level of high-strength cast iron. However, the damping capacity of high-strength cast iron is lower and its strength is high. This makes it possible to produce new coating materials using new technologies and new methods to improve the properties of high-strength cast iron. In order to improve the damping capacity by applying a galvanic coating to the surface of high-strength cast iron, it was possible to bring its damping abilities somewhat closer to the abilities of gray cast iron. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under laboratory conditions, a novel composition comprising ND-12, Gossypol resin, and isopropanol in a ratio of 4:1.5:0.5, denoted as A-3, was investigated for the first time. Its efficacy in the demulsification of Muradkhanli and Umbaki heavy oil samples, with emulsion degrees of 41% and 31% respectively, was studied, along with its effects on freezing point, dynamic viscosity, and corrosion rate in hydrogen sulfide reservoir water. The optimal concentration of the reagent was determined to be 600 g/t. Over a two-hour period, the demulsification of Muradkhanli oil was conducted at 400 C, 500 C, and 600 C, and of Umbaki oil at 400 C, 500 C, 600 C, and 700 C. The minimum amount of ballast water, with optimal composition thickness participation, was observed at 600 C for Muradkhanli oil and 700 C for Umbaki oil, constituting 0.1% and 0.13%, respectively. The freezing temperature of Muradkhanli oil decreased from +12.50 C to +50 C, and Umbaki oil from +110 C to +40 C due to the optimal viscosity effect of A-3 composition. At +200 C, with 600 g/t of composition A-3, the dynamic viscosity of Muradkhanli oil decreased from 201 Pa⋅s to 111 Pa⋅s and from 1540 Pa⋅s to 237 Pa⋅s for emulsion degrees of 0.0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 41%. At +400 C, the dynamic viscosity of Umbaki oil decreased from 182 Pa⋅s to 64 Pa⋅s and from 1183 Pa⋅s to 163 Pa⋅s for emulsion degrees of 0.0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, and 31%. Furthermore, A-3 composition exhibited higher efficiency in affecting the corrosion rate in hydrogen sulfide formation water compared to its constituent Gossypol resin. While the corrosion protection effect of Gossypol resin at optimal concentrations was 90%, A-3 composition reached 98%. These results indicate the complex and synergistic effects of the A-3 composition due to its constituent components. In conclusion, numerous laboratory tests revealed that the A-3 composition, comprising ND-12 demulsifier, corrosion agent Gossypol resin, and isopropanol solvent, is suitable for the demulsification, freezing point reduction, and dynamic viscosity adjustment of heavy oils such as Muradkhanli and Umbaki, as well as for effectively influencing corrosion rates in acidic environments. Therefore, the application of the new A-3 composition is recommended as an economically and ecologically efficient reagent for demulsification and transportation of heavy oils in mining conditions, as well as for corrosion protection of internal surfaces of transportation preparation facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the synthesis of a reagent called hexafluoroisopropyl N-fluorosulfonyl carbamate (HFC) and its transformation into sulfamoyl ureas. Sulfamoyl ureas are known for their use as herbicides and inhibitors of human acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acyl-transferase. The article describes the synthesis of HFC and its bench-stability, as well as the reaction between HFC and amines to produce sulfamoyl ureas. The optimized conditions for this reaction are also discussed. This research provides a new method for accessing bioactive molecules. [Extracted from the article]

We investigated the impact of a new composition (HS-1) composed of gossypol resin and IB-1 reagent taken in the ratio of 3:1 on the corrosion rate in the hydrogen sulfide formation water under laboratory conditions. Concentrations of 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/l of the new composition were used. The formation water sample taken from well No. 1082 of «Bibiheybatneft» OGPD, SOCAR was used as an corrosion medium. The corrosion effects were also investigated at the concentrations of 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/l of gossypol resin and 10, 15, 20 and 25 mg/l of IB-1 inhibitor. When the concentration of gossypol resin in the formation water increased by 50-200 mg/l, the corrosion protection effect took a value in the range of 60-82%. When the concentration of IB-1 inhibitor varied between 10-25 mg/l in a hydrogen sulfide medium, the protection effect was between 65-90%. Increasing the concentration of new HS-1 composition in the range of 30-80 mg/l resulted in an increase in its corrosion protection effect between 74-98%. It was found that the optimal consumption rate of gossypol resin, IB-1 inhibitor and HS-1 composition for corrosion protection in an aggressive medium with hydrogen sulfide was 200 mg/l, 25 mg/l and 80 mg/l, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of the demulsifier composition on the destruction of local oil-water emulsions was studied in this work. One of the urgent problems in the development of deposits is to increase the efficiency of the preparation of hydrocarbons in the fields. The solution of this problem makes it possible to significantly increase the degree of oil preparation, reduce the loss of hydrocarbons with drainage waters, thereby improve the environment and bring additional profit to the enterprise. A complex of theoretical and experimental studies was used, consisting in generalization and analysis of literary data, as well as by analogy, modeling, quantitative and qualitative observation, laboratory tests, conducting a multifactorial experiment, data processing using methods of mathematical statistics. Information processing tools based on computer software products were used. The results of laboratory tests of oil-water emulsion, physico-chemical analysis of water composition, new chemical reagents-demulsifiers recommended for field testing are presented. It can be concluded, based on the research conducted, that the demulsifier EASY-DE03-15 is the most effective reagent for dehydration of oil-water emulsions and desalination of MIX samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Inorganic Chemicals Industry is the property of Editorial Office of Inorganic Chemicals Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents topical issues of oil production - field preparation of oil. Based on the analysis of the state of waterlogging produced at the Kyzylorda fields, developed by the authors, it is shown that up to 90% of water containing natural surfactants (surfactants) and resins and stabilized stable water-oil emulsions are extracted together with oil. In the production of paraffin oil, the main problem in the conditions of field preparation of well products is the destruction of resistant water-oil emulsions. These phenomena significantly complicate the extraction of oil from wells, negatively affect the operation of oil refining equipment, pipeline communications. The consequence of this is the processes of corrosion of oilfield service equipment, equipment of enterprises for the processing of hydrocarbon raw materials. When preparing oil for transportation, reagents of imported production are mainly used, which leads to significant financial losses for oil producing and refining companies. Therefore, the use of the most available reagents for emulsifying borehole products obtained using local raw materials is an actual and economically feasible solution. The most effective removal of water-oil emulsions can be achieved by using a combined method, for example, using electrocoalesting, which performs the function of removed elements of hydrolattices or electrocoalescents. This will, according to the authors, reduce electricity consumption and improve the quality of dewatering and desalination of oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and validation of the recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody against channel catfish IgM is described. The variable heavy and light chain domains of the 9E1 hybridoma were cloned into murine IgG1 and IgK expression vectors. These expression plasmids were co-transfected into 293F cells and mature IgG was purified from culture supernatant. It is demonstrated that the recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody binds to soluble IgM in ELISA and ELISPOT assays and to membrane-bound IgM by immunofluorescence with different B-cell types. The recombinant 9E1 monoclonal antibody will be a valuable tool in the continued examination of the channel catfish adaptive immune system

Due to its unique physical and electrophilic properties, the difluoromethyl group (−CF2H) has been playing an irreplaceable role in the field of pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry. Methods that could efficiently incorporate the difluoromethyl group into the target molecules are increasing in the recent years. Developing a stable and efficient difluoromethylating reagent is thus highly attractive. In this review, we describe the development of a nucleophilic difluoromethylation reagent [(SIPr)Ag(CF2H)], including its elemental reaction, difluoromethylation reaction with different types of electrophiles, and its application in the synthesis of a nucleophilic and an electrophilic difluoromethylthiolating reagent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(1) Background: The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)- based clot waveform analysis (CWA) quantitatively extends information obtained from the APTT waveform through its derivatives. However, pre-analytical variables including reagent effects on the CWA parameters are poorly understood and must be standardized as a potential diagnostic assay. (2) Methods: CWA was first analysed with patient samples to understand reagent lot variation in three common APTT reagents: Pathromtin SL, Actin FS, and Actin FSL. A total of 1055 healthy volunteers were also recruited from seven institutions across the Asia-Pacific region and CWA data were collected with the Sysmex CS analysers. (3) Results: CWA parameters varied less than 10% between lots and the linear mixed model analysis showed few site-specific effects within the same reagent group. However, the CWA parameters were significantly different amongst all reagent groups and thus reagent-specific 95% reference intervals could be calculated using the nonparametric method. Post-hoc analysis showed some degree of influence by age and gender with weak correlation to the CWA (r < 0.3). (4) Conclusions: Reagent type significantly affects APTT-based CWA with minimal inter-laboratory variations with the same coagulometer series that allow for data pooling across laboratories with more evidence required for age- and gender-partitioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between-reagent lot, bias, bile acid, drift, lot-to-lot variation, pregnancy, reagent, reagent lot, lot-to-lot verification, shift Keywords: between-reagent lot; bias; bile acid; drift; lot-to-lot variation; lot-to-lot verification; pregnancy; reagent; reagent lot; shift EN between-reagent lot bias bile acid drift lot-to-lot variation lot-to-lot verification pregnancy reagent reagent lot shift e108 e111 4 05/31/23 20230601 NES 230601 To the Editor, Bile acids (BA) are synthesised in the liver through a multi-step process, beginning with cholesterol. [Extracted from the article]

A new series of 5-trifluoromethylpyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesised as EGFR inhibitors. Three tumour cells A549, MCF-7, PC-3 and EGFR kinase were employed to evaluate their biological activities. The results were shown that most of the target compounds existed excellent antitumor activities. In particular, the IC50 values of compound 9u (E)-3-((2-((4-(3-(3-fluorophenyl)acrylamido)phenyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-N-methylthiophene-2-carboxamide against A549, MCF-7, PC-3 cells and EGFR kinase reached to 0.35 μM, 3.24 μM, 5.12 μM, and 0.091 μM, respectively. Additionally, further researches revealed that compound 9u could induce early apoptosis of A549 cells and arrest the cells in G2/M phase. Taken together, these findings indicated that compound 9u was potential for developing as antitumor reagent.

Copyright of Zpravoday Hnede Uhli is the property of Brown Coal Research Institute, j.s.c. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The California mastitis test (CMT) is a simple cow-side indicator of the somatic cell count (SCC) in milk, providing a useful tool in identifying cases of subclinical mastitis in cattle. Mastitis, and in particular subclinical mastitis, is a major concern in Ethiopia and Nigeria, yet detection is challenging due to cost and access to commercial CMT reagents. Methods: Commercially available domestic detergents from Ethiopia and Nigeria were compared (n = 3 for each country) with the UK commercial CMT reagent in their ability to detect high SCC (>400,000 cells/ml milk). Sensitivity and specificity of the CMT test were calculated for the different detergents and positive and negative predictive values were established. Results: The average sensitivities of the tests ranged from 28-75% for the Ethiopian detergents and 68-80% for the Nigerian detergents, compared to 76% for the UK domestic detergent. Test specificities were 84-98%, 93-97% and 96%, respectively. Conclusions: Overall, the detergents demonstrated higher specificity than sensitivity. Nigerian detergents performed better than the Ethiopian products, however, the study identified suitable domestic detergents from both Ethiopia and Nigeria, comparable to the UK commercial CMT reagent, and we recommend their use as alternative CMT reagents for livestock-keepers to aid in cost-effective diagnosis of mastitis.

Smart phones are playing a big role in daily life and are being employed as supporting hardware in a variety of chemical analysis applications.Flow injection analysis method for the rapid, simple, and straightforward determination of total phenols using Folin-Cioclteu reagent .The samples were injection into a carrier stream to react with reagent and detected by spectrophotometer at 765nm .The experimental conditions were optimized such as flow rate (3mL/min) of reagent and carrier,reagent volume ( 0.4mL),length of reaction coil ( 50 cm) and concentration of reagent( 4×10-4 mg.L-1 ).A good linear calibration curve of gallic acid in the range of (250-2000 mg.L -1 ) was obtained,( R= 0.9990 ), the limit of detection was in the amount of ( 0.0102 mg.L -1 ) .The method was successfully applied for the determination of the total phenols in wastewater [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The regeneration processes of industry technological passivating baths of electrochemical cadmium lines and electrochemical galvanizing lines as an applied result of two-chamber membrane cation-exchange electrochemical devices researched. Actual industrial passivation baths of cadmium and zinc galvanic coatings applied as anode chambers. The cathode chamber contained sulfuric acid 1 % solution and a titanium cathode (BT-0). A window was cut in one of the walls with a RALEX®CM-PES 11-66 cation exchange membrane placed in it. The lead (С-0) was used as the anode. A comparative analysis of the performance of these technological baths before and after the using cation exchange membrane electrochemical devices was carried out. As a result of long-term experimental studies, the ecological and economic feasibility of their use was proven.

Ilmenite is an essential mineral for the extraction of titanium. Conventional physical separation methods have difficulty recovering fine ilmenite, and dressing plants have begun applying flotation to recover ilmenite. The interaction of reagent groups with Ti and Fe sites on the ilmenite surface dramatically influences the ilmenite flotation. However, the investigation on Fe sites has received more attention because the activity of Ti is lower than that of Fe. For the activators on ilmenite flotation, most are metal ions but typically lead ions. The metal ions of activators promote ilmenite flotation by increasing the active sites on the ilmenite surface. Combined reagents have a better selective separation of ilmenite than single reagents due to their synergistic effect. Combining the lead ion (Pb2+) and the benzyl hydroxamic acid (BHA) into a Pb—BHA complex has a marked effect on ilmenite flotation, which puts forward a new idea of developing combined reagents for ilmenite flotation. This review considers reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation. On the basis of the analysis of previous research, a brief future outlook of reagent types and action mechanisms in ilmenite flotation is also proposed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Verifying new reagent or calibrator lots is crucial for maintaining consistent test performance. The Institute for Quality Management in Healthcare (IQMH) conducted a patterns-of-practice survey and follow-up case study to collect information on lot verification practices in Ontario. Methods: The survey had 17 multiple-choice questions and was distributed to 183 licensed laboratories. Participants provided information on materials used and approval/rejection criteria for their lot verification procedures for eight classes of testing systems. The case study provided a set of lot comparison data and was distributed to 132 laboratories. Responses were reviewed by IQMH scientific committees. Results: Of the 175 laboratories that responded regarding reagent lot verifications, 74% verified all tests, 11% some, and 15% none. Of the 171 laboratories that responded regarding calibrator lot verifications, 39% verified all calibrators, 4% some, and 57% none. Reasons for not performing verifications ranged from difficulty performing parallel testing to high reagent cost. For automated chemistry assays and immunoassays, 23% of laboratories did not include patient-derived materials in reagent lot verifications and 42% included five to six patient materials; 58% of laboratories did not include patient-derived materials in calibrator lot verifications and 23% included five to six patient materials. Different combinations of test-specific rules were used for acceptance criteria. For a failed lot, 98% of laboratories would investigate further and take corrective actions. Forty-three percent of laboratories would accept the new reagent lot in the case study. Conclusion: Responses to the survey and case study demonstrated variability in lot verification practices among laboratories.

(1) Background: The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT)- based clot waveform analysis (CWA) quantitatively extends information obtained from the APTT waveform through its derivatives. However, pre-analytical variables including reagent effects on the CWA parameters are poorly understood and must be standardized as a potential diagnostic assay. (2) Methods: CWA was first analysed with patient samples to understand reagent lot variation in three common APTT reagents: Pathromtin SL, Actin FS, and Actin FSL. A total of 1055 healthy volunteers were also recruited from seven institutions across the Asia-Pacific region and CWA data were collected with the Sysmex CS analysers. (3) Results: CWA parameters varied less than 10% between lots and the linear mixed model analysis showed few site-specific effects within the same reagent group. However, the CWA parameters were significantly different amongst all reagent groups and thus reagent-specific 95% reference intervals could be calculated using the nonparametric method. Post-hoc analysis showed some degree of influence by age and gender with weak correlation to the CWA (r < 0.3). (4) Conclusions: Reagent type significantly affects APTT-based CWA with minimal inter-laboratory variations with the same coagulometer series that allow for data pooling across laboratories with more evidence required for age- and gender-partitioning.

The Gremikhinsky oil field contains heavy-grade, high-sulfur, highresinous, paraffin-base crude oil, and the produced reservoir fluid is highly corrosive. All this results in the formation of asphaltene-resinparaffin deposits (ARPD) and stable oil-water emulsions, which in turn leads to premature failure of downhole pumping equipment. In this work, the scope of measures to prevent malfunctions of pumping units is considered. The use of the SONKOR-9701 inhibitor through a special design of the ESP power cable with a capillary conveying line for supplying the chemical reagent to the reception delivers the chemical reagent directly to the required entry point with the most effective dosage and ensures a prompt change of the dosage and type of the reagent. With this technology, the reagent is not consumed for the repletion of the oil column in the annular space; its adsorption is on the surface of the casing and tubing. Thus, the reagent targeted with just specific technological causes and the greatest effect is ensured. Due to the introduction of a special cable with a capillary conveying line, it is planned to increase the average operating time for failure and, consequently, reduce the maintenance job at the Gremikhinsky oil field. It is also predicted the additional volume of extraction because of a special submersible cable device (SSCD), as well as by increasing the delivery (capacity) rate of the pump. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of the composition of herbal origin, prepared at the ratio of gossypol resin:MARZA-1=3:1 (MARZA-1 is a reagent of surfactant organic origin with a halogen atom and three triple bonds in the molecule), on the paraffin sediment in high-paraffin oil and the kinetics of sediment formation was investigated under laboratory condition. An oil sample produced from Narimanov deposit was used for the experiment. It was found that the most of asphaltene-resin-paraffin sediment (ARPS) emerged at the temperature of 200C and formed 28.7%. However, at the same temperature, the amount of sediment in the oil with the addition of 700 g/t composition was reduces by 4 times and the protective effect of the reagent was 76%. As the oil temperature rises, the protective activity of the composition decreased. Thus, it was 57%, 39%, and 6.5% at 300C, 400C, and 500C, respectively. The rate of paraffin sediment formation was reduced by 1.75 times, 2.3 times and 3.5 times when the temperature was increased from 200C to 300C, 400C, and 500C, respectively. The highest rate of sediment formation in all temperature intervals under study is mainly observed during the first five minutes of the process. As the duration of the process increases, the rate decreases by 3--4 times depending on the temperature. The composition significantly reduces the rate of sediment formation by retaining the paraffin hydrocarbon crystals dependent on the oil volume. As compared with the reagent-free oil, the rate is reduced by an average of 2.3 times in the temperature interval of 20--300C. However, the rate of sediment formation in reagent-free and reagent-added oil is reduced by 1.5 times at 40--500C. The group composition of asphaltene-resin-paraffin sediments varies depending on the accumulation of oil sediments. The amount of paraffin hydrocarbons increases sharply in the sediment obtained from the original oil during the first 5--15 minutes, and practically does not vary during subsequent periods. On the other hand, paraffin hydrocarbons/asphaltene-resin ratio in the original oil increases from 1.2 to 2.2 over time, indicating that the sediment contains paraffin and paraffin hydrocarbons play a crucial role in the sediment formation process. However, after the application of the reagent, the amount of paraffin hydrocarbons in the ARPS decreases by 8--13%, depending on the time, as compared with the original oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of research intended to obtain a complex alumina-iron reagent based on natural diatomite and industrial products of alumina production for wastewater purification from hydrogen sulfide. The material composition of the obtained samples using X-ray diffraction analysis was determined. The results of interaction research in the NaFeO2 - H2S - H2O system at 25°C are given. The results of research on wastewater purification from hydrogen sulfide in Almaty city with the use of ferric sulfate, ferric chloride, sodium ferrite and a complex reagent containing iron at the content of 5.1 mg/l H2S in the initial sample of wastewater were presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to extract Capsicum frustecens fruits (Red pepper) and determine the total phenolic contents in the crude extracts. The methodology involved using aqueous and ethanol as solvents, and both were extracted for 48 and 72 hours, respectively, at room temperature. Filtrates were subjected to evaporation in a rotary evaporator. Ethanol had recovered the highest extract of 13.43g (26.04%), while aqueous extract had recovered 09.52g (19.4%). Total phenolic contents of the Capsicum frustecens fruits were determined by Folin Ciocalteau method, standard gallic acid solution was prepared in 100ml of ethanol to produce a stock solution. Various concentrations of working solutions (20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µg/ml) were prepared. Samples were prepared in triplicates for each assay, and a mean absorbance value was recorded at 760 nm in a UV spectrophotometer. The results showed that Capsicum frustecens ethanolic extract had recorded the highest mean total phenolic content of 113.79+1.63 mg GAE/g than aqueous extract recorded 78.33 mg GAE/g. The highest phenolics content in ethanolic extract was (196.77 mg GAE/g) recorded in 100µg concentration, while the lowest phenolic content (29.33 mg GAE/g) was recorded in 12.5µg concentration of aqueous extract. The total phenolic contents showed no significant difference (p>0.05) among the extracts. The results obtained from the study highlighted the potential of Capsicum frustecens fruits from the plant-based origin as a promising source of phenolics and other phytochemicals such as flavonoids, alkaloids, etc., in food and pharmaceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. Research on the process intensification of gold-bearing product hydrometallurgical processing based on mechanochemical milling of the initial sulphide material. Methods. Mechanochemical activating (oxidation) of sulphide gold-bearing concentrate under conditions of superfine milling, sulphite-thiosulphate leaching of the milled product after liquid phase separation. The float concentrate sample with a particle size of -0.074 mm, the Au content is 15.5 g/t is tested. When loading into the mill of an initial concentrate sample weighing 300 g, 600 ml of a calcium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 143 g/l are added. The weight of balls loaded into the mill in relation to the concentrate weight is 10:1. The remainder of the solid product after milling is subjected to leaching with a sulphite-thiosulphate reagent. Findings. A sharp increase in the milled product of 10 μm fractions (from 14.05 to 34.63%) has been determined, and the mass fraction of gold in the final milling product decreases from 15.5 to 13.0 g/t. This corresponds to the recovery of gold into solution at this stage at the level of 16%. It has been found that with an additional supply of 1 g/l of copper sulphate for copper in the process of milling, it is possible to reduce the gold content in the milled product to 8.3 g/t. Thus, the recovery of gold into solution at the stage of milling increases from 16 to 48%. During the milling process, partial leaching of gold by reagents formed from its own sulphur has been revealed. It has been found that the transition of gold into solution is caused by the formation of a water-soluble hydrosulphide complex of gold during milling (AuS). As a result of leaching with the reagent, an additional 27% of gold has been recovered. Originality. Phase transformations of the sulphide gold-bearing beneficiary product as a result of mechanochemical activation have been determined. For the first time this process has been implemented to intensify the leaching process of goldbearing mineral raw materials. Practical implications. The research results can be used in technological processes for the processing of refractory goldbearing ores and technogenic raw materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is caused by the need to ensure the point distribution of acid solution during acid treatment of the bottomhole zone of the production well. Using this method, the efficiency of this process increases by deeper dissolution of limestone rock in the bottomhole zone of the well and thereby completely opening channels for the flow of formation fluid from the formation into the well. The aim of the research is to develop and propose a method of point hydrosand-jet perforation during acid treatment of the bottomhole zone of a production well, a methodology for its application, and to create designs for underground and surface equipment of wells for implementing the developed method. Objects: laboratory stand with a device simulating a channel in the rock; hydrosand-jet perforator for hydrosand-jet opening; clamp designed to prevent breakage and relieve tensile stresses in the pipe string during hydrosand-jet opening and for fixing when centering the perforator in a given processing interval; acid solution based on hydrochloric acid with a volume of 3–4 m3; displacement fluid. Methods. The experimental study of the pressure in the channel at point hydrosand-jet perforation was carried out on a stand. In the device, a nozzle and a fitting of certain diameters – d and D – were installed at the required distance between them. The pumping unit was used to pump the liquid at a pressure p1 before the attachment, and the pressure inside the branch pipe p2 was recorded. In the experiments, water and aqueous solution of sulfite-alcohol stillage with a viscosity of 12,65 cPz at 20 °C were used as the working fluid. The selective acidizing consists in the fact that a hydroseed-jet perforator is lowered into the well, set at the level of the selected treatment interval, and hydraulic clamps necessary to strictly hold the perforator. After that 3–4 m3 of acid solution and squeezing fluid are pumped in. Then, air or gas is injected into the tubing and the annular space (up to the maximum pressure in the distribution booth) and in this state the well is left under pressure for 20 hours and at the end the well is drained to extract the reaction products to the surface. Results. From the analysis of the results of multiple (threefold) hydro-acid treatment, it can be seen that the initial injection pressure of the acid solution after the first stage of the well treatment was reduced by 24 %, and after the second – by 55 %. The acidizing method with additional accurate perforation of the bottomhole zone of production wells allows implementing a more efficient treatment. As a result, the volume of formation fluid inflow from the formation into the well increases by 20...30 % in comparison with conventional acidizing.

Alternative energy source requires the creation of new reserve materials, chemical current sources (HIT) and methods for the production and transmission of energy from its sources to consumption. Optimal designs and conditions for obtaining electrical energy from a backup current source based on pyrotechnic materials zinc and aluminum, which can be applied in the chemical and energy industries, have been developed. The physicochemical data of pyrotechnic compositions based on aluminum, zinc and polytetrafluorinethylenewere studied to calculate the thermal balance of the pyrotechnic reserve power source (PRPS) for practical needs. As a result of the experiment, a comparison of the pyrotechnic compositions based on magnesium and zinc was made and it was found that the compositions based on zinc work more stable and better.

Inventory management is a system in which inventory management is carried out, things that include how inventory items are classified and how accurate inventory record keeping data can be maintained. Reagents in pharmaceutical companies, especially in the laboratory, can be said to be the main process of standardization of medicine. To optimize the standardization process in the laboratory, there needs to be a guarantee of the availability of reagents that can meet every standardization process requirement in the laboratory. PT XYZ is one of the leading pharmaceutical companies in Indonesia. Currently, this company is still trying to optimize the management of reagent raw materials, so that the problem of unavailability of materials can be avoided. This study aims to classify each reagent used by the laboratory of PT. XYZ uses the ABC classification. This classification aims to find out the types of reagents that are the top priority of inventory managers. The next step is to carry out optimization of inventory policy on reagent materials that enter class A, namely by determining the value of safety stock and reorder points for each type of reagent. From the classification stage, it is produced that class A consists of 6 types of reagents, namely 11.3% of the 53 types of reagents managed by the company. Class B and Class C are 20 and 27 types of reagents, respectively. Obtained the amount of safety stock for each type of reagent in class A, which is 9 bottles for Acetonitrile,11 bottles for Methanol HPLC, 1 bottle for Alcohol Anhydrous. As for combititrant, HCL 37% and methanol dried, no safety stock is needed because demand is deterministic. With the safety stock value, the company can set a reorder point (ROP) for each type of reagent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Condensation reactions of acetyl derivatives of thiochromane series with acetyl ether were studied. As a result of the reaction, it was found that acetylthiochromane compounds react with acetyl ether in the same way as aliphatic and aromatic ketones, and the reaction produces thiochromanoilacetones with good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The reaction of thiochroman series acyl derivatives with magnesium organic compounds was studied. As a result of the reaction, it was found that thiochroman acyl derivatives react with magnesium compounds, such as aliphatic and aromatic ketones, to form tertiary alcohols corresponding to high yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coordination compounds of Fe (II) and Fe(III) with phthalic acid were synthesized. The compounds were studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), and IR spectroscopy. It has been established that, regardless of the oxidative number of iron, the synthesis products have the same chemical composition and chemical formula - [Fe2(o-C6H4(COO)2)3]. It also found that the carboxyl groups of phthalate dianion have a monodentate and bridging function and the complex itself is a polymer-layered structure. Based on the obtained results, a schematic structure of the complex was proposed. Also were studied the thermal stability of the complex in the temperature range 20-660 °С and the supramolecular interaction of this substance with the rheological properties of heavy commercial oils. This significantly reduces the viscosity of heavy oil during transportation. Coordination polymer-based composites have been developed and tested. The use of composite solves several technological problems associated with the transport of high-viscosity oil.

Copyright of Mining & Metallurgy (10057854) is the property of Beijing Research Institute of Mining & Metallurgy Technology Group and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources / Kuangchan Zonghe Liyong is the property of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The amazing wide range, applications of gold nanoparticles corresponding to excellent optical and electronic properties enhance utilization of Au NP as PH sensor. Gold nanoparticles were synthesized in simple and rapid Turkevich method to accomplish optical sensing technologies covalent or non-covalent, bonds formation causes, aggregation of the nanoparticles in the target substance. Au nanoparticles characterization was studied using XRD, UV-spectroscopy and SEM. XRD indicate polycrystalline. Nanoparticles with two different sizes according to reducing agent amount to obtain 20 30 nm. Optical energy gap was calculated for both particle size to find it (2.13) eV for 30nm particle size and (2.33) eV for 20nm. Scanning Electron Microscope showed spherical shape particles. PH test were performed to investigate efficiency of Au Np's for PH sensor and that is found to be excellent results for both sizes with more efficiency for 30 nm due to its rough surface. Which is a fantastic tool and measurement device to test the pH of soil, food, and other puncture-worthy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of charge, hydrophobicity, and spatial characteristics on the analytical signal of cationic and anionic surfactants in their association with fluorescent reagents in aqueous solutions is studied. The increase in the analytical signal of the surfactant and the shift in the position of the fluorescence wavelengths maximum with increasing contribution of the role of electrostatic interactions between the reagent particle and the ionic surfactant have been shown. The presence of extrema under conditions of hydrophobic matching in the study of the effect of hydrophobicity of the reagent and ionic surfactants on the surfactant analytical signal has been shown. The manifestation of the spatial matching between the interacting particles in the study of the influence of the spatial characteristics of the reagents and surfactants has also been shown. The influence of colloidal aggregation of associates formed in the reagent-surfactant system on the value of measurement of the analytical signal of the ionic surfactants in the methods of fluorescence and spectrophotometry has been investigated. The obtained effects made it possible to design an analytical system for the determination of sodium dodecyl sulfate with a fluorescent reagent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, we used tensile shear tests, Shore hardness tests, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetry (TGA) to characterize a reactive polyurethane-based hot melt adhesive. We also measured contact angles at various temperatures to evaluate the wettability of the adhesive and to determine the optimum temperature range for applications. The adhesive was tested following curing for various times, and the bonding of the adhesive with several materials was investigated to determine whether it has the potential for greater versatility of application. Therefore, we explored new uses of the adhesive, such as in the matrix of a composite with fiberglass. Reactive hot melt adhesives are useful because they provide a certain degree of flexibility to joints, and have high processing speeds, high initial rigidity, and high working temperatures.

Aim: Meat authentication gives significance values in view of religious, food safety, public health, quality assurance, and legal concern. Most of the meat authentication is based on molecular assay; a simpler method to authenticate meat is needed to develop. An immunoassays technique may offer a solution for simpler test. The aim of our current study was to develop a polyclonal antibody of Sus scrofa vittatus (Sumateran wild boar) as an immunodiagnostic reagent candidate. Materials and Methods: Three male New Zealand white rabbits were used in this study for antibody production. Antigen used was meat extract of Sumateran wild boar, each rabbit was immunized with meat extract antigen (0.5 mg/ml) emulsified in Freund's complete adjuvant at a 1:1 (v/v) ratio as much as 1 ml at subcutaneous route. Booster was carried out 3 times with interval time of 14 days, using meat extract antigen emulsified in Freund's incomplete adjuvant at a 1:1 (v/v) ratio. Serum samples were taken every week, start from 1 week after the first immunization up to 1 week after the third booster. Antibody purification was performed using ammonium sulfate precipitation and Protein A. The presence of specific antibody was determined using agar gel precipitation test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, while purified specific IgG was characterized using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method. Results: Specific antibody was detected at 14 days after the first immunization and still detected until 2 weeks after the third booster. Highest absorbance of specific antibody was detected 1 week after the third booster. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that specific antibody of Sumateran wild boar is favorable to be produced in rabbit and showed that antibody produced is applicable to detect Sumateran wild boar meat antigen in immunodiffusion assay, indicating that it is promising as a reagent candidate in immunodiagnostic assay/kit.

Reactive hot-melt resin can form joints with a certain flexibility, high processing speed, high initial rigidity, and high temperature. Such resins can be used to manufacture fiberglass composites because they support a high tensile stress, allow for large strains at low stresses, and have a low density and a working temperature range of −40–110°C. Furthermore, when the mechanical stress is removed, the material returns to its initial condition, as observed in the flexural tests. A polyurethane-based reactive hot-melt resin was characterized by tensile shear tests, Shore hardness tests, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. The contact angles at different temperatures were measured to evaluate the adhesive wettability and to select the best application temperature range of the adhesive, finding the best result at 140 °C. The matrix was characterized at different curing times, and matrix bonding with different adhesive materials was evaluated to provide a greater versatility of applications, to explore new fields of use of this resin as in the matrix of a composite with fiberglass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: This research was conducted to produce and characterize ND antibody as reagent candidate to develop a rapid immunodiagnostic test tool. Materials and Methods: Four New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study and divided into two groups. First group was injected by Sato ND antigen, and second group was injected by genotype VII ND antigen. This study is divided into three steps: (a) ND antibody production, (b) ND antibody purification, and (c) ND antibody characterization. First group was rabbit injected by Sato NDV (5x108.25 egg lethal doses (ELD)50/ml) and second group was injected by genotype VII NDV (5x106.5 ELD50/ml). Antigen induction was performed by subcutaneous administrated for first (day 1) and second (day 14) injection and intravenous administrated for third (day 30) injection. Blood was collected on day 8 after third injection. Results: Antibody production increased on second antigen injection and reached a peak on day 9 after second antigen injection. Sato and genotype VII ND antibody can be produced without adjuvant within 38 days with the highest titer 210. Based on antibody titer data, both antigens induced antibody production in a similar trend. The characterization antibody by SDS-PAGE indicated that molecular weight of immunoglobulin G (IgG) is 154.93 kDa (whole IgG), heavy chain 54.39 kDa, and light chain 27.74 kDa. ND antibodies have specificity to homologous and heterologous NDVs in varying virulence. Conclusion: Sato and genotype VII ND antibodies have been successfully produced within 38 days without adjuvant. Specificity of ND antibodies to NDVs in varying virulence and cross-reaction between Sato ND antibody and genotype VII ND antibody indicates that the characterized ND antibodies can be used as a reagent to develop rapid immunodiagnostic test tools.

During the operation of water wells, their specific production rate is reduced as a result of mechanical, biological and chemical colmatage. The extraction of the mudding element from the filter is complicated by the fact that the deposits cover not only the well filter, but also gravel package and are not completely removed by the treatment. An installation is proposed for reversereagent regeneration of water wells, consisting of a compressor, hoses and submersible device in the form of a two-chamber pneumatic displacement pump. The advantage of the unit is the absence of a circulating pump in its composition and the possibility of efficient processing of the limited filter interval. The downhole submersible device does not contain moving parts except for two floating check valves. In order to describe the process of dissolution of deposits by the method of reverse-reagent water well regeneration, a system of equations is used: the combined equation of motion and mass conservation and the generalized equation of kinetics. By integrating the kinetics equation, an analytical dependence is obtained to calculate the operating time of the unit for reverse-reagent filter regeneration, followed by the reducing of the specific volume of the colmatizing deposits in the gravel package to a predetermined level. According to the formulas obtained, a computer program was compiled, which allows calculating the number of operating cycles of the device, the duration of cleaning and the degree of removal of the colmatant at each stage of the work. With the aid of the developed computer program, the operation of the unit for reverse-reagent filter regeneration is considered on behalf of a water well using two different reagents: hydrochloric acid and sodium dithionite. The procedure for calculating the amount of reagent needed to restore water well productivity is presented.

In this study, effects of petrographic composition and particle size on flotation process were investigated. Samples were taken from rougher and cleaner cells of central Alborz coal washing plant (Iran). Petrographic study of the feed into flotation circuit with different size fractions showed that an increase in particle size tends to decrease vitrinite and inertinite macerals percentage while increasing that of liptinite. Petrographic analysis of different size fractions of rougher and cleaner cell concentrates showed that, with increasing particle size, vitrinite macerals were reduced but liptinite macerals showed an increase. Evaluation of the cell operation revealed that over 62% of tailings was composed of reactive macerals in coking process, including vitrinite and liptinite. The petrographic study showed that, with the same frother, by applying gasoline as a collector, yield, and total recovery increased by 3.5% and 3%, respectively, as compared to those when kerosene served as collector. Continuing with gasoline as collector, total circuit recovery increased by 2.2% when methyl isobutyl carbinol (MIBC), rather than pine oil, served as frother. Based on petrographic studies and percentages of reactive macerals, the optimal reagents were found to be gasoline (as collector) and MIBC (as frother). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dependences of changes in the contaminant contents and base numbers of motor oil during refining are established. Finely disperse contaminant particles are enlarged if a mixture of ammonium hydroxide with 1% urea is added to working engine oil. Subsequent centrifugation with cleaning agents incorporated into the lubrication system allows almost all contaminants to be removed from the oil. The dependences of the content of insoluble precipitate and base number on the operating time in the engine of the motor oil with the added reagent is established. Periodic cleaning of engine oil by the proposed method allows the service life until replacement to be extended and the operational characteristics of the internal combustion engine to be increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]