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O objetivo deste texto é apresentar as etapas do estudo do projeto “Engage for SDG”, que combinou metodologia automatizada e psicométrica, ao coletar e analisar tweets em língua portuguesa sobre alterações climáticas, e ao convidar parte desses utilizadores do Twitter para responder um questionário que avaliava os atributos morais que mais lhes pode gerar engagement em narrativas ambientais. A metodologia foi coletar e analisar 21.338 comentários na plataforma, a partir da recolha automática de com base em palavras-chave. A seguir, aplicar inquérito psicométrico com 301 resultados, para analisar a relevância de cinco fundamentos morais para dilemas gerais e ambientais. Percebemos que os valores “cuidado” e “justiça” contam com o maior engajamento das respostas, e que os valores “pureza” e “autoridade” contêm o desvio-padrão das respostas, tendo sido rejeitados pelos inquiridos. E graças à metodologia automatizada, concluímos que brasileiros e portugueses diferem na forma como se relacionam com o tema e nos fundamentos que associam ao tema, bem como nas personalidades invocadas e nas responsabilidades atribuídas., The aim of this paper is to present the stages of the study of the research project “Engage for SDG”, which combined automated and psychometric methodology, by collecting and analyzing tweets in the Portuguese language on climate change, and the responses of part of these Twitter users who answered a questionnaire that evaluated the moral attributes that can most engage them in environmental narratives. As a methodology, we collected and analyzed 21.338 comments on the platform based on the automatic collection of keywords. Next, we applied a psychometric inquiry, and obtained 301 available respondents, to analyze the relevance of five moral foundations for general and environmental dilemmas. We noticed that the values “care” and “justice” have the greatest engagement of the answers, and that the values “purity” and “authority” contain the standard deviation of the answers, having been rejected by the respondents. And based on the automated methodology, we concluded that Brazilians and Portuguese differ in the way they relate to the theme and in the fundamentals they associate with the theme, as well as in the personalities invoked and in the responsibilities assigned.

It is important to realize that organizational structures are part of a network of human and nonhuman actors, which include the organization itself, as well as its resources, collaborators, inputs, and even the environment where it is inserted and its competitors, forming a large sociotechnical network. Thus, the basic argument of the present research is that people and objects share ideas, experiences and opinions in their daily environment and within their work environment they establish formal and informal relationships, values, beliefs that modify their way of thinking and acting. These actors and their connections form the networks woven by them, which encompass knowledge, technologies and information. As a result, the objective of the dissertation was to analyze the relationships, flow and work routines of the People Management Pro-Rectory at the State University of Paraíba through the eyes of sociotechnical networks. In theoretical terms, it was based on sociomateriality and Actor-Network Theory, also known as Sociology of Associations, approaching the concept of social linked to human and non-human actors and considering social aggregates as something to be explained through associations. Methodologically, it is an empirical research that used post-qualitative research as a method, the ethnography of sociotechnical networks for the collection and analysis of data and, for the organization and understanding of the flow and webs that form the sociotechnical network of People Management Pro-Rectory, participant observation was used. The investigation, through the mapping of the sociotechnical network, identified the existing arrangements and links between the actors – human and non-human – of the Pro-Rectory. It was also found that the performances of individuals and artifacts influence - and can interfere - in organizational results, as they are linked to political, collaborative, technical, technological, communication and media actions that encompass the entire administrative structure of the Pro- Rectory. This understanding reveals the need to think about the organization in a holistic and systemic way, in a post-humanist view, in which organizational practices are shaped by the bonds, agencies and performances of people and objects/things. In general, it was noticed that these associations bring to light the inseparability between people and artifacts, since people management is also done with non-human actors. Nenhuma É importante perceber que as estruturas organizacionais fazem parte de uma rede de atores humanos e não-humanos, os quais incluem a própria organização, bem como os seus recursos, colaboradores, insumos, e até mesmo o ambiente onde ela está inserida e os seus concorrentes, formando uma grande rede sociotécnica. Assim, o argumento basilar da presente pesquisa é que pessoas e objetos compartilham em seu ambiente cotidiano ideias, experiências e opiniões e dentro do seu ambiente de trabalho estabelecem relações formais e informais, valores, crenças que modificam sua forma de pensar e agir. Esses atores e suas conexões formam as redes por eles tecidas, as quais englobam conhecimentos, tecnologias e informações. Em virtude disso, o objetivo da dissertação foi analisar as relações, o fluxo e as rotinas de trabalho da Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba pelo olhar das redes sociotécnicas. Em termos teóricos, buscou-se base na sociomaterialidade e na Teoria Ator-Rede, também conhecida como Sociologia das Associações, abordando o conceito de social atrelado aos atores humanos e não-humanos e considerando os agregados sociais como algo a ser explicado por meio de associações. Metodologicamente, trata-se de uma pesquisa empírica que utilizou a pesquisa pós-qualitativa como método, a etnografia das redes sociotécnicas para a coleta e análise dos dados e, para a organização e compreensão do fluxo e teias que formam a rede sociotécnica da Pró-Reitoria de Gestão de Pessoas, utilizou-se observação participante. A investigação, através do mapeamento da rede sociotécnica, identificou os arranjos e vínculos existentes entre os atores –humanos e não-humanos – da Pró-Reitoria. Constatou-se ainda que as performances dos indivíduos e artefatos influenciam – e podem interferir – nos resultados organizacionais, pois estão vinculadas às ações políticas, colaborativas, técnicas, tecnológicas, comunicacionais e midiáticas que englobam toda a estrutura administrativa da Pró-Reitoria. Essa compreensão revela a necessidade de se pensar a organização de maneira holística e sistêmica, numa visão pós-humanista, na qual as práticas organizacionais são moldadas pelos vínculos, agências e performances de pessoas e objetos/coisas. De modo geral, percebeu-se que essas associações trazem à tona a inseparabilidade entre pessoas e artefatos, pois a gestão de pessoas se faz também com atores não-humanos.

Orientadores: Julicristie Machado de Oliveira, Roberto Donato da Silva Junior Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Aplicadas Resumo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a experiência de implementação do programa "Cestas Verdes", uma vertente do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), implementada na cidade de Limeira, SP, de abril de 2015 a novembro de 2016. O PAA, na modalidade de Compras Diretas da Agricultura Familiar (CDAF), desenrolou-se de maneira particular no município, com a mudança ao longo de projeto, no sentido de realizar, além de distribuição de alimentos às entidades, um programa que beneficiava famílias vulneráveis em situação de Insegurança Alimentar e Nutricional (IAN) com "Cestas Verdes". Para tanto, estavam envolvidos o Centro de Promoção Social Municipal (Ceprosom), órgão responsável pela Assistência Social da cidade, bem como o acampamento rural Elizabeth Teixeira. Com todos esses atores, o que se pretendeu observar foi a rede sociotécnica que o programa foi capaz de articular, tendo o alimento distribuído como o fio condutor. Assim, o presente trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar o processo de implementação do programa "Cestas Verdes" nos eixos: I. produção do alimento; II. gestão pelas técnicas municipais e III. distribuição das cestas às famílias beneficiárias. Por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, observação participante e grupos focais, foi possível constatar nos três eixos, ao percorrer o caminho do alimento, que a experiência em Limeira garantiu a renda de famílias do acampamento que trabalham e se identificam com a agricultura, possibilitando a melhoria da SAN, uma vez que os alimentos que vendiam também eram para o autoconsumo. Para as gestoras, essa política representou um desafio possível, um novo modo de fazer o trabalho da assistência social mesmo com acesso limitado à discussão de SAN. Já para as famílias beneficiárias das "Cestas Verdes", os alimentos que receberam representaram uma melhora significativa na alimentação, tanto para os que tiveram a contribuição das profissionais da nutrição no aprendizado de novas receitas e preparos, quanto para os que não passaram por um acompanhamento mais sistemático. Com efeito, o PAA mostrou-se burocrático na sua operacionalização, mas foi capaz de coadunar agentes humanos e não humanos em prol do desenvolvimento local e conjuntural de SAN Abstract: This work aims to analyze the experience of implementing the "Green Baskets" program, a component of the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), implemented in the city of Limeira, SP, from April 2015 to November 2016. The PAA, in the modality of Direct Purchase from Family Farmers (CDAF, in Portuguese), was developed in a particular way in the municipality, with a change throughout the project, in order to realize, in addition to food distribution to the entities, a program that benefited vulnerable families in situations of Food and Nutrition Insecurity (IAN) with "Green Baskets". To that end, the Municipal Social Promotion Center (Ceprosom), the agency responsible for Social Assistance of the city, as well as the Elizabeth Teixeira rural encampment were involved. With all these actors, what was intended to be observed was the socio-technical network that the program was able to articulate, having the food distributed as the guiding wire. Thus, the present work has the objective of analyzing the process of implementation of the program "Green Baskets" in the axes: I. food production; II. management by municipal techniques and III. distribution of the baskets to the beneficiary families. By means of semi-structured interviews, participant observation and focus groups, it was possible to verify in the three axes, along the food route, that the experience in Limeira guaranteed the income of the families of the camp that work and identify with agriculture, making possible the improvement of SAN, since the foods they sold were also for self-consumption. For managers, this policy represented a possible challenge, a new way of doing the work of social assistance even with limited access to the SAN discussion. For the "Green Baskets" beneficiaries, the food they received represented a significant improvement in food, both for those who had the contribution of nutrition professionals in learning new recipes and preparation, and for those who did not undergo follow-up more systematic. In fact, the PAA proved to be bureaucratic in its operationalization, but it was able to coordinate human and non-human agents in favor of local and conjunctural SAN development Mestrado Modernidade e Políticas Públicas Mestra em Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas

Resumo: A antropologia no ciberespaço tem como ponto de partida a “comunicação mediada por computador”, que, explicita ou implicitamente, pressupõe uma exterioridade dos objetos técnicos e reduz a agentividade apenas aos seres humanos. O presente trabalho procura refletir criticamente sobre tais pressupostos a partir de uma dupla inspiração teórico-metodológica: em primeiro lugar, tomando como referência a matriz clássica inaugurada por M. Mauss sobre a técnica nas “sociedades tradicionais” e analisando a especificidade atribuída à condição moderna com relação à técnica; num segundo momento e complementarmente, o texto avança no sentido de sistematizar os debates contemporâneos sobre agência e os limites da dicotomia humano/técnico, especialmente a partir das obras de B. Latour, notadamente a partir da noção de ciborgue. Trata-se, portanto, de uma releitura da perspectiva antropológica clássica da abordagem da técnica e o questionamento da noção moderna de objeto-técnico aplicado ao ciberespaço. Em última instância, colocamos em debate as noções de “uso”, “apropriação” e “representação” dos objetos técnicos nos estudos antropológicos no ciberespaço. Abstract: The starting point for anthropology in cyberspace is the idea of “communication mediated by the computer”. Such an idea presupposes, explicitly or implicitly, a certain exteriority of the technical objects and, at the same time, it circumscribes agentive capacity exclusively to human beings. The present paper proposes a critical reflection about these assumptions by exploring a twofold theoretical and methodological inspiration. Firstly, it approaches the classical matrix about technique in “traditional societies”, as it was first conceived by M. Mauss, as a reference and it analyses the specificity attributed to the modern condition regarding technique. In a second and complementary moment , the paper advances as it systematizes the contemporary debates about agency and explores the limits of the human/technical dichotomy. Here it dwells specifically on the works of B. Latour, and the notion of cyborg. It is thus a rereading of the classical anthropological perspective regarding the approach of technique and the questioning of the modern notion of object-technical as it is applied to cyberspace. Finally, the paper discusses notions such as “usage”, “appropriation” and “representation” of technical objects in the anthropological studies in cyberspace.

International audience; This article takes as investigation a field of interdisciplinary and collaborative research emerging in the health researches in France : the Population Health Intervention Research (RISP in french). This contribution proposes to consider the various forms of commitment in the production of this type of knowledge. We identify four figures of commitment (show, test, persevere and freeze) which account for more or less maximalist modes of coordination between the actors of this research, in connection with different conceptions and practices of the diffusion and circulation of knowledge. The survey is based on three main types of data : ethnographic observations of RISP as well as congresses and expert group meetings producing reflections on this type of research, analysis of written material (articles, reports, letters of reference) on RISP, and interviews (12) with leading experts in the field.; En prenant pour terrain d’enquête un domaine de recherche interdisciplinaire et collaboratif émergeant dans le secteur de la santé, les Recherches Interventionnelles en Santé des Populations (RISP), cette contribution se propose de considérer les diverses formes d’engagement dans la production de ce type de connaissances. Sont ainsi repérées quatre figures d’engagement(afficher, éprouver, persévérer et figer) qui rendent compte de modes de coordination plus ou moins maximalistes entre les acteurs de ces recherches, en lien avec différentes conceptions et pratiques de la diffusion et de la circulation des connaissances. L’enquête se base sur trois grands types de données : des observations ethnographiques de RISP ainsi que des congrès et réunions de groupes d’experts produisant des réflexions sur ce type de recherches, des analyses d’écrits (articles, rapports, lettres d’information...) sur les RISP et des entretiens (12) avec les principaux experts du domaine.

The text provides an analysis of the disorganization of large sociotechnical networks and infrastructure in Brazil, due to the coronavirus epidemic. Special attention is paid to the entanglement of infrastructural networks, such as the health system and the electrical energy supply system in the country. The effects of COVID-19 in economic activities and in some key social dynamics cause disorganization in these and other sectors, in levels rarely seen, and in doing so provide evidence of how they are entangled. The concept of disentanglement is proposed, as a development of the widely employed concept of entanglement in the social sciences.

This work aims to reflect on the concepts of Humberto Maturana, a Chilean biologist, who rescues the crossover tension between emotion and rationality, based on the proposals of two doctoral studies in an environmental multidisciplinary program, at UERJ (PPGMA). The issue of Eco-subjectivities and Distance Education will be analyzed in the light of the ideas of anthropology of science and of techniques as a contribution to the restoration of the sociotechnical network of emotion in educational processes. Este trabalho se propõe a criar uma reflexão sobre os conceitos de Humberto Maturana, biólogo chileno, que resgata o entrecruzamento tensional entre a emoção e a racionalidade, tendo como referência as propostas de dois trabalhos de doutorado do programa multidisciplinar em meio ambiente da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro – UERJ/PPGMA. A questão das Eco-subjetividades e da Educação a Distância serão problematizadas à luz das ideias da antropologia das ciências e das técnicas como contribuição para o restabelecimento da rede sociotécnica da emoção nos processos educacionais.

Large technical systems (LTS) are integral to modern lifestyles but arduous to analyze. In this paper, we advance a conceptualization of LTS using the notion of mature “phases,” drawing from insights into innovation studies, science and technology studies, political science, the sociology of infrastructure, history of technology, and governance. We begin by defining LTS as a unit of analysis and explaining its conceptual utility and novelty, situating it among other prominent sociotechnical theories. Next, we argue that after LTS have moved through the (overlapping) phases proposed by Thomas Hughes of invention, expansion, growth, momentum, and style, mature LTS undergo the additional (overlapping) phases of reconfiguration, contestation (subject to pressures such as drift and crisis), and eventually stagnation and decline. We illustrate these analytical phases with historical case studies and the conceptual literature, and close by suggesting future research to refine and develop the LTS framework, particularly related to more refined typologies, temporal dimensions, and a broadening of system users. We aim to contribute to theoretical debates about the coevolution of LTS as well as empirical discussions about system-related use, sociotechnical change, and policy-making.

Resumen El artículo aborda las dinámicas de institucionalización de la ciencia a través del estudio de un cluster de investigación en la Universidad Central. La metodología está basada en entrevistas semiestructuradas a los actores que se unieron a la iniciativa, y en el relato del gestor. Para presentar los resultados usa un relato que sigue la sociología de la traducción, y el análisis de redes sociotécnicas. Concluye que el gestor de una iniciativa usa estrategias de diálogo e interrelacionamiento de los actores, aprovechando sus intereses, anhelos y aspiraciones, y logra institucionalizar la iniciativa al movilizar aliados. Resumo O artigo aborda as dinâmicas de institucionalização da ciência a través do estudo de um cluster de pesquisa na Universidade Central. A metodologia se baseia em entrevistas semiestruturadas aos atores que se uniram à iniciativa, e no relatório do gestor. Para apresentar os resultados usa um relatório que segue a sociologia da tradução, e a análise de redes sociotécnicas. Conclui que o gestor de uma iniciativa usa estratégias de diálogo e inter-relacionamento dos atores, aproveitando seus interesses, anseios e aspirações, e logra institucionalizar a iniciativa ao mobilizar aliados. Abstract The article addresses the dynamics of science institutionalization through the study of a Research Cluster at Central University. The methodology was based on semi-structured interviews with participants of the research and with the director of the project. In order to analyze the results, the article uses a narrative technique that is used by the sociology of translation and the analysis of sociotechnical networks. It concludes that a project leader uses strategies for dialogue and interrelationships of the participants by taking into account their interests, desires and goals, and implements the institutionalization of their project initiative through the participation of supporters.

Esse artigo analisa a “produção de novidades” no território Alto Camaquã, localizado no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. A abordagem da produção de novidades tem se constituído como um referencial para pensar a inovação e o conhecimento relacionados a processos de desenvolvimento rural. Busca-se evidenciar as respostas diferenciais que os atores sociais são capazes de criar como forma de resistir e/ou de contornar o regime sociotécnico e científico dominante. Demonstra-se que a emergência de processos inovadores, num contexto de valorização e combinação dos recursos e bens locais, são construções que remetem ao diálogo entre diferentes conhecimentos (científicos e tácitos) e à interação entre distintos atores (humanos e não humanos), que se entrelaçam em redes sociotécnicas, constituídas com o objetivo de contestar o regime sociotécnico prevalente e desafiar a narrativa modernizante de desenvolvimento.

To develop the understanding of innovation processes conceptualized in terms of association through the "sociology of translation" (cf. actor-network theory) studies, this article analyses innovation processes in terms of dissociation and detachment mechanisms, examining innovation through "withdrawal"; that is, innovation based on reducing or withdrawing use of a practice - "subtracting", "detaching" - a given artefact. Specifically, it focuses on the shift to farming techniques that have eliminated ploughing, bringing to light four major mechanisms constitutive of dissociation : centrifugal association ; making entities and associations visible ; making other entities and associations invisible; bringing together or " associating " new entities. The study helps refine our understanding of the detachment processes at work in innovation.

The starting point for anthropology in cyberspace is the idea of “communication mediated by the computer”. Such an idea presupposes, explicitly or implicitly, a certain exteriority of the technical objects and, at the same time, it circumscribes agentive capacity exclusively to human beings. The present paper proposes a critical reflection about these assumptions by exploring a twofold theoretical and methodological inspiration. Firstly, it approaches the classical matrix about technique in “traditional societies”, as it was first conceived by M. Mauss, as a reference and it analyses the specificity attributed to the modern condition regarding technique. In a second and complementary moment , the paper advances as it systematizes the contemporary debates about agency and explores the limits of the human/technical dichotomy. Here it dwells specifically on the works of B. Latour, and the notion of cyborg. It is thus a rereading of the classical anthropological perspective regarding the approach of technique and the questioning of the modern notion of object-technical as it is applied to cyberspace. Finally, the paper discusses notions such as “usage”, “appropriation” and “representation” of technical objects in the anthropological studies in cyberspace. A antropologia no ciberespaço tem como ponto de partida a “comunicação mediada por computador”, que, explicita ou implicitamente, pressupõe uma exterioridade dos objetos técnicos e reduz a agentividade apenas aos seres humanos. O presente trabalho procura refletir criticamente sobre tais pressupostos a partir de uma dupla inspiração teórico-metodológica: em primeiro lugar, tomando como referência a matriz clássica inaugurada por M. Mauss sobre a técnica nas “sociedades tradicionais” e analisando a especificidade atribuída à condição moderna com relação à técnica; num segundo momento e complementarmente, o texto avança no sentido de sistematizar os debates contemporâneos sobre agência e os limites da dicotomia humano/técnico, especialmente a partir das obras de B. Latour, notadamente a partir da noção de ciborgue. Trata-se, portanto, de uma releitura da perspectiva antropológica clássica da abordagem da técnica e o questionamento da noção moderna de objeto-técnico aplicado ao ciberespaço. Em última instância, colocamos em debate as noções de “uso”, “apropriação” e “representação” dos objetos técnicos nos estudos antropológicos no ciberespaço.

Living Labs aim to engage in user-centered design practices where users are included in their daily life environment as innovative agents. However, empirical insights in end user engagement in Living Lab practices are currently lacking. This article focuses on opening up this black box of user engagement by analyzing the involvement of a group of entrepreneurs in a Living Lab smart city pilot in Amsterdam, the Climate street. The goal of the article is to analyze how and to what extent the Climate street enabled the involved entrepreneurs to engage in bottom up innovation. Theoretically, the article explores this pilot from a Science and Technology Studies perspective, specifically its notion of the socio-technical network. The article concludes that user innovativeness was limited by the pre-configuration of the entrepreneur as lay tester rather than as an active user-innovator. Furthermore, it is suggested that the inherent tension in Living Lab practices between configuring users and actual user practices hampers user innovativeness in general. Granting users more agency and opening up Living Lab practices to daily life dynamics stimulates the transition from tester to innovator in a daily life setting and subsequently makes entrepreneurs more readily smart.

Submitted by Boris Flegr (boris@uerj.br) on 2021-01-07T15:10:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Pre_textuaisFatima.pdf: 5309889 bytes, checksum: bfa82d3b2d59dc0efb72490ade3e0003 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-01-07T15:10:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pre_textuaisFatima.pdf: 5309889 bytes, checksum: bfa82d3b2d59dc0efb72490ade3e0003 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-13 This work describes the contributions of distance education for the development and execution of environmental education projects. It is based on the analysis of the concepts of environment and health of students of teachers training at the Consortium CEDERJ, in the Pole of Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro. Data was collect by means of an ethnographic qualitative study which used participant observation, documentary analysis and semi-structured interviews. The concept of socio-technical network, such as that proposed by Bruno Latour, was used to the analysis of field data. It allowed to look at Environmental Education and at Distance Education in a way that questions the subject-object relation and the status of science as a hierarchically superior knowledge. The use of the anthropology science theory and techniques revealed the inseparability between cognitive activity and social factors. It also revealed the meeting of all times elements in the composition of the Brazilian network of Distance Education, in which human and non-human actors are interwoven with the activities of teaching-learning, being a hybrid of natures-cultures. Este trabalho descreve as contribuições da Educação a Distância para a elaboração e efetivação de projetos de educação ambiental, a partir da análise das concepções de meio ambiente e saúde de estudantes dos cursos semipresenciais de formação de professores do Consórcio CEDERJ, no Polo de Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro. Foi realizada pesquisa qualitativa do tipo etnográfica utilizando-se observação participante, análise documental e entrevista semi-estruturada na coleta de dados. O conceito de rede sociotécnica, tal qual proposto por Bruno Latour, fertilizou a análise dos dados de campo e permitiu olhar a Educação Ambiental e a Educação a Distância sob um prisma que questiona a relação sujeito-objeto e o estatuto da ciência como saber hierarquicamente superior. A utilização do aporte teórico da antropologia das ciências e das técnicas evidenciou a indissociabilidade entre atividade cognitiva e fatores sociais e a reunião de elementos de todos os tempos na composição da rede de Educação a Distância brasileira, na qual atuantes humanos e não humanos estão entrelaçados nas ações de ensinar-aprender, constituindo-se num híbrido de naturezas-culturas.

Este trabalho visa mapear as lógicas e interesses que perpassaram os processos de negociação sobre a definição do padrão tecnológico da TV digital no Brasil. Consideramos fundamental a interpretação dos resultados da controvérsia gerada a partir da incerteza tecnológica que se revelou nas manifestações argumentativas de atores que tomaram parte no debate público sobre as implicações sociotécnicas de um Sistema Brasileiro de Televisão Digital. Propomos identificar a racionalidade das ações de atores sociais representativos de aspirações empresariais e industriais, por um lado, e de interesses públicos, por outro. Podemos inferir que a associação de interesses e lógicas distintas nesse contexto traduziu-se na definição de um modelo híbrido de televisão digital, uma rede sociotécnica, produto de convencimento, estratégias e relações de força. Um conjunto de operações de tradução por intermédio das quais são realmente fabricadas e definidas as tecnologias na contemporaneidade.This paper seeks to delineate the logics and interests that permeate the negotiation processes regarding the definition of a technological standard of Brazilian digital television. We considered essential the interpretation of the controversies results generated from the technological uncertainty that has been revealed through the argumentative manifestations of actors who took part on the public debate concerning the sociotechnical implications of a Brazilian Digital Television System. We proposed to identify the rationality of the actions of social actors that represent, on the one hand, entrepreneurs and industrial aspirations, and public interests on the other hand. It is possible to infer that the association of distinct interests and logics within this context has been translated as the definition of a hybrid model of digital television, sociotechnical network, persuasion product, strategies and strength relations. This network results from an array of translation operations from which are really fabricated and defined the technologies in the contemporaneity.

La investigación trata del proceso de mediatización digital en los telecentros de acceso público y gratuito, teniendo la tecnicidad como mediación constitutiva de los significados producidos por usuarios de Internet en la vida cotidiana de las condiciones materiales y simbólicas que configuran el ambiente. El recorte empírico sitúa las experiencias de la inclusión digital de la ciudad de Curitiba (Faróis do Saber) y el gobierno de Paraná (Paranavegar). Metodológicamente, se trabaja con Webgrafía, Mediografía y entrevistas en profundidad, que hizo posible una asignación del ciberespacio navegado y el tiempo que se queda en cada sitio. Fueron 5650 minutos de navegación de 136 usuarios de Internet, la mayoría niños, adolescentes y jóvenes, que caracterizaron el ambiente de los telecentros como un lugar donde la espacialidad digital es principalmente de conversación. This research explores the digital mediatisation process in free and public access telecenters, with technicality as constituent mediation of significations produced by Internet users in the everyday life of material and symbolic conditions, which configures the ambience. The empirical approach focuses on the digital inclusion experiences of the city of Curitiba (Faróis do Saber, Portuguese for knowledge lighthouse) and Paraná State Government (Paranavegar). The methodological set includes Webgraphy, Mediagraphy and deep interviews, which allowed to measure the browsed cyberspace and the time spent in each site. In 5650 minutes of navigation by 136 Internet users, mostly children, teenagers and youth, who featured the ambience in telecenters as a place where the digital spatiality is mainly for conversation purposes.

Les techniques culturales sans labour et l'Agriculture de Conservation (AC), fondées sur une perturbation minimale du sol, le maintien d'une couverture végétale en surface et une diversification des rotations et associations de cultures, se développent rapidement au nord et au sud. Leur émergence procède souvent d'un processus d'innovation original, fondé sur un apprentissage permanent et adaptatif au sein de réseaux sociotechniques novateurs, qui bouscule les schémas linéaires de conception et transfert des innovations. Les modifications du fonctionnement de l'agrosystème en AC sont susceptibles de fournir des services écosystémiques, mais la mise en œuvre délicate de ces techniques peut en diminuer les performances, notamment en augmentant la dépendance aux pesticides. L'objectif général du projet PEPITES est de produire des connaissances sur les processus écologiques, les processus d'innovation technique et sociale et leurs interactions, pour évaluer et concevoir des systèmes techniques et des dispositifs d'accompagnement plus durables. Nous construisons pour cela une approche interdisciplinaire articulant les sciences biophysiques, l'agronomie des systèmes de culture et des systèmes de production et la sociologie de l'innovation, en partenariat avec les acteurs professionnels sur quatre terrains d'étude : France grandes cultures, France agriculture biologique, Brésil et Madagascar petite agriculture familiale. Après un an d'opération, nous présentons les réponses apportées aux défis du projet en termes de posture de recherche autour de deux questions clé : comment construire une approche interdisciplinaire et en partenariat pour accompagner un processus d'innovation et produire des connaissances ? Comment construire une approche comparée entre terrains, au nord et au sud ?, No-tillage techniques and conservation agriculture (CA), based on minimal soil disturbance, the maintenance of plant cover and a diversification of rotations and intercropping, are developing rapidly in both the North and South. The emergence of these techniques often involves an original process of innovation based on continuous and adaptive learning within innovative socio-technical networks, which overturn the traditionally linear process of innovation design and transfer. Changes in the functioning of the agrosystem associated with CA are likely to supply ecosystem services, but the difficult implementation of these techniques may decrease the performance of the agrosystem, in particular by increasing dependence on pesticides. The general objective of the PEPITES project is to generate knowledge concerning ecological processes, technical and social innovation processes and their interactions, for the evaluation and design of more sustainable technical and support systems. We are working towards this objective by constructing an interdisciplinary approach combining biophysical sciences, cropping system and production system agronomy and the sociology of innovation, in partnership with professionals in four study terrains: conventional field crops in France, organic farming in France and small-scale family farms in Brazil and Madagascar. After one year of operation, we present here the progress made towards answering the questions posed in this project, in terms of the positioning of research with respect to two key questions: first concerning the construction of an interdisciplinary approach in partnership to assist the innovation process and the generation of knowledge, and second the construction of an approach for comparing terrains in the North and South.

No contexto da Sociedade da Informação, propostas para o desenvolvimento de novas concepções de governo e de seus papéis em processos de políticas públicas têm suscitado discussões entre diferentes correntes de pensamento no sentido de como interpretar as reconfigurações das relações sociopolíticas em curso. O desenvolvimento de novas formas de governança em processos de formulação e implementação de políticas públicas, envolvendo atores com diferentes interesses em ambientes crescentemente ins- táveis e complexos, se sobressai como desafio. O trabalho tem por objetivo compreender sistemas de governança local e de redes sociotécnicas de políticas para difusão social de Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) nas cidades de Porto Alegre e Curitiba. Nas abordagens teórico-metodológicas da Social Network Analysis, da Policy Analysis e da Policy Network Analysis, foram buscados os referenciais para apreender e analisar a lógi- ca de ação dos atores envolvidos em redes sociotécnicas representadas no ciberespaço. A análise pautada nesses referenciais se justifica e tem sua importância fundada nas potenciais contribuições materiais e simbólicas das TICs para captar e entender aspectos soci- ais, políticos e instrumentais que definem o ambiente de atuação da gestão pública local. In the context of Information Society, proposals for the development of new conceptions of government and its functions have been causing disputes between different schools of thought about how the current reconfigurations of sociopolitical relations should be understood. As a main challenge has to be tackled the development of new forms of governance able to guide processes of public policy-making and implementation by networks of actors defending quite different interests in an environment prone to instability and complexity. The main objective of this paper is to analyze systems of local governance and of socio technical policy networks aiming at the proliferation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in the Brazilian cities of Porto Alegre and Curitiba. In order to capture and analyze the logic of action that determines the behavior of actors and institutions within sociotechnical networks, theoretical references have been sought in the field of Policy Network Analysis and the related basic concepts of Social Network Analysis and Policy Analysis. The analysis relying on these references is justifiable and gains its importance due to the potential contributions of ICT, in both material and symbolic terms, to the capturing and understanding of social, political and strategic aspects that determine the action environment of local public management.

The objective of this paper is to illustrate the interconnections between the different phases (or tools) within the cognitive work analysis framework; the benefits of extending an analysis across each of the five phases are highlighted through these interconnections. The paper uses a command and control micro-world example to describe how each of the five phases can be used to describe the constraints within the micro-world domain from a different perspective. Based upon the social organisation and cooperation analysis, design requirements are extracted in order to develop role specific customisable interfaces for use within the micro-world. The interfaces have been specifically developed to communicate real time reconfiguration of the network through each of the individual interfaces; the reallocations of functions or roles are communicated to the actors through changes to the interface.

Cet article s’intéresse à l’évolution des rapports entre la recherche agronomique et des collectifs d’agriculteurs autour de la production de connaissances en agriculture. À partir des débats portant sur les dispositifs d’évaluation d’impacts environnementaux des techniques sans labour, nous soulignons l’émergence de tensions épistémiques au sein de l’appareil de recherche-développement en agriculture. Chercheurs et agents du développement se polarisent autour de différentes pratiques de l’expérimentation agronomique et des sciences du sol, et d’un engagement plus ou moins marqué aux côtés des collectifs d’agriculteurs. L’article croise cette approche relevant d’une sociologie des sciences avec une analyse des dynamiques professionnelles à l’œuvre au sein du monde agricole. Il met en relief le caractère stratégique et identitaire que revêtent ces tensions dans la recomposition de segments professionnels prônant divers modèles d’agriculture alternative et écologiquement durable., This article is focused on the evolution of relationships between agronomic researchers and farmers’ collectives concerning knowledge production in agriculture. In relation to debates about devices for environmental evaluation of minimum tillage techniques, we emphasize the emergence of epistemic tensions within French research and development organizations in agriculture. Scientists and extension workers are polarized on different experimentation practices in agronomy and soil sciences, reflecting a more or less pronounced implication/engagement along side farmers. This article crosses this approach issuing from sociology of science with an analysis of professional dynamics in agriculture. It emphasizes the strategic and identity dimensions of these tensions for the re-composition of professional segments wishing to promote different models of alternative and ecological agriculture.