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Copyright of Roca: Revista Científico-Educacional de la Provincia de Granma is the property of Universidad de Granma, Departamento Editorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Publicando is the property of RPPH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For a more accurate understanding of religious tourism, it is useful to distinguish between faith-based tourism, spiritual tourism and tourism in religious spaces. The former is characterized by religious faith (and processes of hierophany), the next by spirituality and transcendence experience, while the latter remains in the secular realm of experience. Based on this conceptual grasp, the paper presents the situation in the highly secular Czech Republic and investigates the opinions of service and offer providers in this type of tourism through interviews (n = 3). A comparison with the demand and preferences of tourism participants was collected through an online survey (n = 104). The findings point to a significant and untapped potential and minimal knowledge or interest on the other hand. This highlights the fact that if correctly communicated and presented, tourism in religious places can be something to present to Czech tourism participants and possibly to foreign tourists.

For a more accurate understanding of religious tourism, it is useful to distinguish between faithbased tourism, spiritual tourism and tourism in religious spaces. The former is characterized by religious faith (and processes of hierophany), the next by spirituality and transcendence experience, while the latter remains in the secular realm of experience. Based on this conceptual grasp, the paper presents the situation in the highly secular Czech Republic and investigates the opinions of service and offer providers in this type of tourism through interviews (n = 3). A comparison with the demand and preferences of tourism participants was collected through an online survey (n = 104). The findings point to a significant and untapped potential and minimal knowledge or interest on the other hand. This highlights the fact that if correctly communicated and presented, tourism in religious places can be something to present to Czech tourism participants and possibly to foreign tourists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gestión Joven is the property of Asociacion Espanola de Contabilidad y Administracion de Empresas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The tourism sector, which is a significant driver of economic development, is particularly vulnerable to the risks of forest fires. Forest fires are a natural disaster that can have enormous consequences for tourism. This paper analyses the possibility of forest fires occurrence and their impact on tourist facilities in the Sokobanja municipality. Forest fires can occur naturally or as a result of anthropogenic impact. For the purposes of this analysis data about land cover, relief characteristics (slope and aspect) and distance from roads and settlements were used and processed in GIS environment (open source software “QGIS”). Based on the forest fire susceptibility index, areas with different degrees of endangerment were identified, which were then overlapped with the locations of tourist facilities. The applied methodology can be used except for the identification of endangered areas and the prediction of the degree of danger to the tourist offer and for the planning of appropriate prevention measures.

eSports events are a groundbreaking phenomenon worldwide. For this reason, this study aims to recognize the potential of eSports as an alternative for tourism events diversification in the city of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Within the methodological framework of an exploratory-descriptive scope, it was proposed to analyze the conditions of eSports events and the tourist perception of them in the selected city. A survey was applied to 384 participants of eSports events (potential tourists), using video game rooms and player community networks throughout Latin America. The instrument used to collect data was a questionnaire available online for six months for further analysis. The principal findings in terms of quality performance of the event, perception of the event, destination image, and satisfaction revealed four vital indicators associated. Event staff, event atmosphere, hospitality, and good feelings about live attendance must be taken into consideration while designing a satisfactory experience to integrate into eSports into the city's tourism offerings. Attendees also expressed their willingness to return to the city in the future. These results contribute to expanding the scientific literature on the evaluation and management of eSports events for other developing cities and countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first beginnings of organized tourism on the island of Hvar date back to 1868 when the Hygienic Society of Hvar was founded and the main motive for the arrival of tourists on the island are favorable climatic conditions.The development of tourism on the island of Hvar took place in accordance with general processes where the main motives for the arrival of tourists were swimming and sunbathing. At the same time, natural resources, sports, entertainment and the off er of cultural tourism, which is extremely present on the entire island, are being valorized. The richness of cultural heritage is confi rmed by the fact that the UNESCO list of tangible and intangible heritage includes: Starogradsko polje - Ager, Hvar agave lace, Hvar gastronomy - Starogradski paprenjak, procession “Behind the Cross” and Klapa singing.Highly valuable cultural attractions certainly include Grapčeva špilja, the system of fortresses in Hvar and Vrboska, monasteries in Hvar and Stari Grad, as well as other sacral buildings with their rich artistic holdings. The peculiarity of the island’s rural and urban architecture gives an additional dimension to the island of Hvar as a destination for cultural tourism. Based on the analysis of the resource base, it is proposed to improve the off er of cultural tourism and its new function in the development of tourism on the island of Hvar.Based on the analysis of the resource base, it is proposed to improve the off er of cultural tourism and its new function in the development of tourism on the island of Hvar.

Copyright of ESPOCH Congresses: The Ecuadorian Journal of S.T.E.A.M. is the property of Knowledge E DMCC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is an attempt to answer the question of the extent to which the cultural heritage of the Lemko ethnic group is used in the content of offers of tours to the Lemko region organized by Polish travel agencies. As a result of the internet query, tourist offers existing in 2022 were selected for research, the program of which was based on the cultural legacy of the Lemkos. In particular, the research took into account the selection of cultural values in the construction of the offer. The analysis of the offers showed that the sites most frequently used in tour offers were churches inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Moreover, reference to material heritage dominated the content of the offers. The research showed that in the modest offer of tours to the Lemko region, only part of the cultural heritage potential of this historical region was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism is an economic activity that is very sensitive to social, economic, political and security changes. Such changes can be both positive and negative. These may be in the tourist destination or the area from where the tourists come from. The changes may affect tourists, tourism workers, travel companies, stakeholders, the domicile population, the local community, etc. Tourism in the Republic of North Macedonia is no exception and is not immune to such changes. Ongoing changes that may occur are a challenge for the entire tourism industry but also for tourist destinations when it comes to their management and development. The authors aim in the paper to present the modern challenges of tourism in the country, and to propose models and new ways of understanding the need for flexible and adaptable tourist offers that will meet the contemporary challenge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A genuine statistical record needs complete and real data on the structure and size of the tourism industry. Data collected from the actors of the tourism market that are currently used in statistical reporting do not reflect the real situation of the branch. In this context, the Tourism Satellite Account (TSA) can tackle, in a new outlook, the tourism-generated spending, starting with accommodation, food, transport, cultural services, leisure, insurance services, domestic products, tourism services provided by tourism agencies, tourism employment and all expenses that lead to generating of the monetary touristic flow. This article introduces provisions on the future implementation of the Tourism Satellite Account, which will make it possible to properly compare tourism with other sectors in terms of its effects on the national economy.

The article summarizes the results of a study conducted among travel agencies located in Prague. The study had two main goals: to identify the importance of the offer of trips to Poland as well as to prepare an analysis of perception of Poland as a tourist destination in the eyes of employees of travel agencies located in Prague. The study is a part of a larger work dealing about the attractiveness of Poland as a tourist destination for the people of the Czech Republic. The article is based on a two stage field research which took place during the spring and summer of 2008. At the first stage, the author did 65 structured interviews with the representatives of travel agencies (85% of all visited agencies) located in Prague 1 and 2. The second stage had a form of a “mystery shopping”. An employee of an existing company, under the supervision of the author, contacted seven agencies that claimed that they offer tailor made trips to Poland, with a request for a preparation of an offer of a four day trip. The result of the above mentioned studies is a notion that despite the fact that an important part of agencies offer trips to Poland (21%), their employees are in reality not able to recommend this destination due to the lack of information and promotional materials. Generally, the respondents assess the primary offer to Poland in a better way than the secondary one. The ratings were more favorable by those people who have visited Poland in the past. The author hopes that the results of the analysis will serve as an inspiration for preparation of future promotional activities of Poland as a tourist destination within the Czech market.

In modern tourism, events are of great importance. The increase in the number of events on a global scale has influenced the growth of competitive pressure and the need for a marketing approach in managing event development. Consumer satisfaction (service user) is one of the basic elements in managing tourism development generally seen, and thus it is also important to manage and measure the satisfaction of event visitors. The satisfaction of event visitors is important bearing in mind its influence onto passing over positive experience, re-visits and tourism affirmation in areas where the event takes place. The paper analyzes the visitor satisfaction of three most important cultural events in Belgrade-BITEF, Jazz Festival and Belgrade book fair. The focus of the analysis is on visitor satisfaction which is the result of event participation, the contents which the event offers, as well as the following tourism contents of Belgrade, as a tourism destination. The analysis has been conducted based on an empirical research in which 450 participants, event visitors, took part in.

This research has scientific and practical purpose. The scientific objective refers to certain theoretical knowledge of animation visitorsduring the tourist stay in the basin of Black River in the Republic of Macedonia, a practical goal is related toparticular implementation of theoretical knowledge in practice. The subject of this research is:„The animation of visitors during the tourist stay in the basin of Black River in the Republic of Macedonia". In the subject of this research analyzed the terms to be operational: animation in tourism, animation programming in the basin of Black River in the Republic of Macedonia. In this research on the defined research subject we used the following methodological techniques: a survey, the scaling method and statistical method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to find a concept for optimizing cost and revenue from providing private accommodation services. The aim is to display how linking all participants who provide private accommodation services into a logistics network will result in better and higher quality service for the guest and in reduced cost for the private accommodation provider. Design – This study researches private accommodation providers in the Primorsko - Goranska County. Primorsko - Goranska County has great potential for providing private accommodation services, but it does not have a well-organized system which could improve the quality of the provided services. Methodology – To prove the study’s thesis, scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, methods of induction and deduction, as well as historic and statistical methods have been employed. Furthermore, it includes data from the Department of Tourism, Office of the Croatian Government in Rijeka, as well as data obtained from the local Association of Private Accommodation HGK – PGŽ (Croatian Chamber of Economy in the Primorsko – Goranska County), data from the statistical yearbook, Institute for tourism as well as data from the Croatian Ministry of Tourism and other scientific and professional literature. Approach – The authors aim to prove that by linking all participants in the process of providing private accommodation into a logistics network would increase the quality of the service and simultaneously optimize the costs. The logistic solution which will be proposed in the “Results” section will provide answers to the suggestion whether private accommodation providers should enter into a system with its business surroundings, i.e. travel agencies, local administration community systems, tourist boards, commercial service associations, state institutions, etc. Findings – This research has reached the conclusion that private accommodation providers do not satisfy the principles of the logistic concept and that other participants in the process of providing private accommodation services (institutions) do not adequately support them. The logistic concept is not the final solution, but a foundation for further research. Originality of the research – This paper represents a valuable contribution to research into private accommodation as a phenomenon in the accommodation structure and accommodation services at the level of the Primorsko – Goranska County as well as the Republic of Croatia as a whole. A logistic concept is provided which could solve the problem of poor organization that many private accommodation owners face and it could also possibly have a practical effect on both private accommodation owners and managers. The paper also enriches the overall amount of scientific literature in the field of logistics, organization and management in tourism.

Background: Sport tourism plays an important role in the tourism industry and consequently in the economy. Sport tourism centres as providers of sport services need to be familiar with the basic needs of their customers and tailor their services accordingly. Objectives: The aim of the paper is to determine the models for customizing sport tourism services to address the needs specific for an individual sport. Methods/Approach: A questionnaire has been created and sent electronically or physically to top athletes from Slovenia, Central and Eastern Europe. Respondents were mainly from Slovenia and mostly representatives of national sports federations. The Mann Whitney and the Kruskall-Wallis tests were applied in order to test differences among sport groups. Results: The conducted Mann-Whitney non-parametric tests show that representatives of different sport groups have different perspectives on sport tourism services. Conclusions: The results of the study can be used by sport tourism centres in the process of tailoring their services, planning marketing activities or developing strategic projects.

Sustainability in the rural area of the Romanian economy is closely linked to the possibility of meeting the consumption needs of the population through a growing, permanent, diversified and high-quality offer, in line with current and potential consumer needs. The agrotourism offer targets a certain segment of the population (tourists), being represented by both material elements (food, non-food goods), but above all, by agrotouristic services, which comprise a wide range of activities. Agrotourism is a form of rural tourism, being closely related to the agrotouristic household, which is based on the existing resources in rural areas (agricultural, touristic, human, economic). Agrotourism includes both basic tourist activities (accommodation, tourist hiking, basic tourist services such as catering and accommodation) and additional services, plus a series of agricultural activities (plant cultivation, livestock breeding), as well as the processing of agricultural raw materials within the households (agrotourist guest houses) and the capitalization of finished products, both to the tourists accommodated in the guest house and to the markets and fairs in the area. The research was carried out in Dorna Basin and covered 35 touristic and agrotouristic guest houses, of which 11 which own agricultural land (arable, natural pastures, natural meadows) and animals (cattle, pigs, poultry) were selected. The research had an applicative character and was based on a questionnaire, which was administered to a panel of 11 boarders of agro-touristic guest houses located in the Dornelor Basin. The work has an original character, being the result of own research by the authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research was conducted to elaborate a marketing plan of the tourism offer of the Tungurahua province, that allowed to propose strategies to promote its attractions and to increase tourism. The applied methods were: survey, interview and research file. Planning was also done for the organization of activities and workshops in which criteria were exchanged with authorities and entrepreneurs of the tourism sector. The plan included the tourism offer of the cantons and SWOT analysis of the sector. The activities that are carried out in Tungurahua were proven to be varied and recognized nationally and internationally, for which they would favor the economic development of its inhabitants. It is concluded that entrepreneurs need to be trained to aim their companies' activities at innovation and quality, through the implementation of strategies, programs and projects that favor tourism development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With EU accession, Romania will follow the development of convergence with EU policies both in real terms and as absolute values. The process of reducing disparities in Romania is maintaining sustained growth rates during 2007 - 2013, keeping at the same time, macroeconomic equilibrium levels more stable. The determining factor for economic growth, on the open market a competitor, is to increase economic competitiveness. In addition, exploitation of competitive advantages must be a permanent objective, taking into account both European trends, and the challenges of globalization. Therefore, increasing competitiveness should not be viewed as a process of exploitation of short-term advantages (eg low cost of labor), but as a process of building an economic structure based on capital investment and research processes, development and innovation. In other words, articulating a vision of convergence on medium and long term need to consider developing a knowledge-based economy. Although substantial progress in recent years, Romania has serious gaps in competitiveness in relation to the Western and Central Europe. The reasons for this sluggishness can be found in all the elements that determine the competitive ability. All are translated, ultimately, in a low productivity, which defines competitiveness problem in Romania. Transalpina road is the highest road in Romania and even the entire chain of the Carpathian Mountains, both in Romania and beyond, reaching maximum altitude 2145 m in Step Urdele (Transfăgărăşan, more commonly known, is the second road in Romania high altitude, climb to 2042 meters). Parang Mountains cross the road from N to S is parallel to the Olt Valley Jiu Valley being placed between them. Although higher than the oldest and most beautiful Transfagarasan, is less known because Transalpina, although it is classified national road DN 67C (part), was never paved until 2009. Transalpina was built by the Roman armies on their way to Sarmisegetusa, paved with stone by King Charles II after the Germans in 1930 and reablitata World War II when it was forgotten. That was forgotten and became a hard way to go Transalpina helped to keep untouched wilderness and charm that few places in the country we have. It is one of the few roads in the country that can be reached by car and even the clouds above them.

Oltenia Region has a varied natural landscape displaying all major landforms. The classical tourist offer can be thus completed by introducing the spatial evolution of the territory, by describing the mechanisms of the processes that influenced the placement and further development of different settlements or sites. In this way, tourism acquires, besides a temporal dimension, which used to be prevailing, a spatial dimension, as well, that represents the present tendency in evaluating all the activities by means of eco-compatibility. By integrating these two dimensions in the offer, there can be better evaluated the carrying capacity of the region, the tourist offer leading to the maximization of the tourist activity without surpassing the sustainability limit.

This paper deals with theoretical-methodological issues of tourism offer planning and regulation of settlements in mountain destinations. The basic determinants of the development of mountain tourist regions destinations in EU countries, in which respectable development results have been achieved, first of all in terms of income, together with appropriately adjusted development and environmental management system, have been emphasized. The ongoing transition and structural processes in Serbia will have an impact on application of these experiences. At the same time, a basis for competitiveness of mountain regions will not be determined only by spatial capacity and geological location, but also by creative-innovative developing environment. Taking into account the spatial-functional criteria and criteria for the development and protection, the possible spatial definition of mountain tourist regions/destinations in Serbia are presented. The justifiability and positioning of tourism development projects are analyzed aiming at uniform regional development, where two segments of demand are of particularly importance, i.e. demand for mountain tourism services and for real estates in mountain centers. Furthermore, holders of tourism offer will be analyzed through a contemporary approach which may be defined as the development and noncommercial and market and commercial one. International criteria which are evaluated while selecting city/mountain destination for Winter Olympic Games are particularly analyzed. Considering experience of countries with higher level of development of mountain regions, the main starting point for positioning projects for sustainable development of tourist destinations are defined by specifying them according to specific local and regional conditions. A rational model for spatial organization of tourism offer is shown on the example of the Stara Planina tourist region.

The article presents the more important results of research concerning the sightseeing attractions of Wrocław which can then be used to inform the organisation of the tourism offer of the city.

Copyright of Marketing (0354-3471) is the property of SEMA - Srpsko udruzenje za Marketing i Ekonomski fakultet Beograd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Many modern countries have significant problems with disparities in development between core and periphery. Municipality of Kupres in Bosnia and Herzegovina is one typical example of peripheral area, which is located within the sparsely populated region of Dinaric Karst Highland. It is taken for the case study in this paper, because it shows certain signs of economic activation in the field of tourism. However, its mainstream tourism offer is of seasonal character, and it is not sufficient for sustainable economic growth and significant progress in socio-economic sense. That is why tourism offer need to become more diversified. Methodology in this paper is focused on analysis of all potentials and motives that wider area of Kupres possesses, which can be valorized through systematic approach of institutions and local community. It is intended to emphasize a significance of geographical expertise in these kinds of problematic. Field research and GIS analysis are used for exploration of study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Islands, as a separate land entity surrounded by the sea, from the very beginning of tourism, have become a unique and attractive tourism destination where tourism development faces different challenged than on the mainland. This is especially the case of the open-sea islands. The aim of this paper was to identify tourism development model suitable for the Mediterranean open-sea islands in terms of social, economic and environmental sustainability. The model was based on the assessment of tourism capacity, tourist traffc, attraction base and consultation with the two main stakeholder groups -- residents and tourists. The primary research was conducted on the four open-sea islands of Croatian Adriatic - Dugi otok, Vis, Lastovo and Mljet, via tourist and resident survey. In total, 190 residents and 184 tourists participated in the research. The visitor survey was conducted in order to capture attitudes and opinions of tourists on those islands regarding different types of tourism products and tourism development options considered appropriate for the four islands. The resident survey was conducted in order to canvas their views on the preferred types of tourism development, tourism development scenarios and types of tourism products they wished to be offered. The results clearly point out that the optimal tourism development is the one that respect the island's development and tourism advantages based on unique natural and cultural heritage and way of life of the local population. The model of tourism development on these particular islands offers true value that attracts visitors and encourages further growth of tourist traffic. This tourism development is based on ecology, sustainable development, and family atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the globalization of tourism, the touristic offer and associated promotion is essential to attract international travelers and sustain local economies. While the Americas (i.e., North, Central, and South) play host to countless inexpensive yet exotic destinations with rich cultures and history, efforts are needed to attract a considerable tourism market share. Despite a variety of channels in which to advertise the destinations, attractions, and amenities available in a country, internet-based traveler recruitment is among the most effective and serves as an educational resource for potential travelers. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the content provided on national tourism websites of 33 American countries (North=3, Central=17, South=13) as related to tourism/destinations, safety/security, contact information, and health/healthcare. A secondary purpose was to identify opportunities for countries to improve their tourism websites for potential travelers to enhance their visiting experience. A content analysis was conducted for official tourism websites utilizing a content rubric containing 36 topics. Results indicate that websites did not provide adequate information. Only 2 country websites displayed 50% of rubric topics (USA and Brazil). Most websites highlighted promotional content about the destinations. Fewer displayed information about safety/security, and even fewer displayed information about health/healthcare. Findings reveal that internet-based resources are being underutilized to promote destinations and educate international travelers, which highlights opportunities for improved efforts to meet the specific needs and behaviors of tourists visiting the Americas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to find a concept for optimizing cost and revenue from providing private accommodation services. The aim is to display how linking all participants who provide private accommodation services into a logistics network will result in better and higher quality service for the guest and in reduced cost for the private accommodation provider. Design - This study researches private accommodation providers in the Primorsko - Goranska County. Primorsko - Goranska County has great potential for providing private accommodation services, but it does not have a well-organized system which could improve the quality of the provided services. Methodology - To prove the study's thesis, scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, methods of induction and deduction, as well as historic and statistical methods have been employed. Furthermore, it includes data from the Department of Tourism, Office of the Croatian Government in Rijeka, as well as data obtained from the local Association of Private Accommodation HGK - PGZ (Croatian Chamber of Economy in the Primorsko - Goranska County), data from the statistical yearbook, Institute for tourism as well as data from the Croatian Ministry of Tourism and other scientific and professional literature. Approach - The authors aim to prove that by linking all participants in the process of providing private accommodation into a logistics network would increase the quality of the service and simultaneously optimize the costs. The logistic solution which will be proposed in the "Results" section will provide answers to the suggestion whether private accommodation providers should enter into a system with its business surroundings, i.e. travel agencies, local administration community systems, tourist boards, commercial service associations, state institutions, etc. Findings - This research has reached the conclusion that private accommodation providers do not satisfy the principles of the logistic concept and that other participants in the process of providing private accommodation services (institutions) do not adequately support them. The logistic concept is not the final solution, but a foundation for further research. Originality of the research - This paper represents a valuable contribution to research into private accommodation as a phenomenon in the accommodation structure and accommodation services at the level of the Primorsko - Goranska County as well as the Republic of Croatia as a whole. A logistic concept is provided which could solve the problem of poor organization that many private accommodation owners face and it could also possibly have a practical effect on both private accommodation owners and managers. The paper also enriches the overall amount of scientific literature in the field of logistics, organization and management in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Research Papers of the Wroclaw University of Economics / Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wroclawiu is the property of Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Local authorities should manage a substantial share of the infrastructure and services required by tourism. In these areas are combined services to the tourist population and local population, representing its resizing and diversification. As a result, the municipalities affected by this duality must adapt the management of its resources, producing significant imbalances. This distinction has opened an important debate about the concept of «tourist municipalities» and «positive discrimination» compared to other municipalities. A formula that tries to compensate for the imbalance generated by tourism in local management. Currently the Canary Islands have no official criteria for the definition of a «tourist municipalities» and have not been agreed on an official list that identifies them. In this sense, this paper seeks to make some contributions to this debate and presenting a proposal for delimitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo is the property of Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Turisticos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to number of participants in the international tourism from 922 million in 2008, the tourism represents the biggest migratory phenomenon in the history of mankind, and according to the income from the international tourism, 944 billion dollars in 2008, it is one of the most significant economy branches. The income from the international tourism for many countries in the world, especially for the countries in development represents an important factor for the development not only for the tourism economy but the overall economy. Therefore every country insists on increasing the tourism income from the international tourism, and decreasing the outflow of foreign currency for the tourism travel abroad as much as possible. The Republic of Macedonia despite the favorable possibilities for the tourism development is still outgoing tourism country, i.e. the outflow of foreign currency from the stay of our citizens abroad is higher than the inflow of foreign currency from the international tourism. In this paper an attempt has been made to realize the overall number of citizens from our country that stay abroad, and the possibility via optimalization of the structure of the tourism offer of the tourist destinations to increase the number of the foreign tourists, and decrease the volume of travel of our citizens abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oltenia Region has a varied natural landscape displaying all major landforms. The classical tourist offer can be thus completed by introducing the spatial evolution of the territory, by describing the mechanisms of the processes that influenced the placement and further development of different settlements or sites. In this way, tourism acquires, besides a temporal dimension, which used to be prevailing, a spatial dimension, as well, that represents the present tendency in evaluating all the activities by means of eco-compatibility. By integrating these two dimensions in the offer, there can be better evaluated the carrying capacity of the region, the tourist offer leading to the maximization of the tourist activity without surpassing the sustainability limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of a research conducted on private accommodation as most common form of accommodation within the tourism offer of Primorsko-Goranska County. The study was conducted in 2008, and the obtained results of the research are analysed in the paper, conclusions made, key problems identified and appropriate measures proposed, with the aim of enhancing the quality of this segment of the tourism industry. The goal of the above mentioned measures' implementation are quality improvement, repositioning and restructuring of private accommodation and its transformation into small family hotels, boarding houses or apart-hotels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourist displacements due to basically cultural reasons have a standard priority in the present tourism tendencies and although they do not have the highest world demand they go on growing and represent an opportunity for arising tourist destinies Today, there is a better agreement between the benefits that its development provides, and the negative impacts they may provoke. The article studies the characteristics and application of this type of tourism in Cuba. It is not enough to have a patrimony and a culture, tourism intermediation is also necessary for a factual advance. The performances of the Historical Center of Havana, the specialized travel agencies aiming at cultural tourism, the strategy of developing fascination hotels, the search for cooperation between tourism and culture are markers of the direction followed by cultural tourism in Cuba. This is a challenge for this country to fulfill present potentialities and to cover a need to continue improving the work in this respect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper aims to briefly discuss the potential of Transylvania as a tourist destination. It discusses the region's tourism offer as part of a larger and more demanding project, that of elaborating a brand of the region. Throughout the past five years the author has carried out and was involved in different researches concerning tourism in Romania (at regional level, concerning Transylvania, or at local level, regarding the County of Cluj). The paper starts with a short presentation of Transylvania's tourism offer, discusses the place of tourism within the architecture of a destination brand, and concludes with those elements of the tourism offer that are relevant to the region's visitors, according to the results of the different researches that were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]