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Abstract Background/Aims The sensitivities of endoscopic trans‐papillary pathologic diagnosis of biliary tract cancer (BTC) are unsatisfactory. Recently, the diagnostic utility of the endoscopic scraper device, Trefle for biliary stricture has been reported. The Trefle can be guided to the target biliary stricture over the guidewire and is as easy to use as the conventional brush catheter (CBC). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Trefle‐assisted tissue acquisition combined cell block method and CBC cytology for biliary strictures due to BTCs. Methods We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with biliary strictures in whom CBC cytology or Trefle‐assisted tissue acquisition under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed for suspected BTCs from January 2015 to June 2022 at our institution. Results 173 patients (CBC group; n = 55, Trefle group; n = 118) were enrolled in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CBC cytology for BTC were 68.3%/100%/76.4%. On the other hand, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Trefle‐assisted tissue acquisition for BTC were 93.7%/95.7%/94.1%, showing superior sensitivity (p < 0.001) and accuracy (p = 0.002) compared to that of CBC. Conclusions Compared to CBC cytology, Trefle‐assisted tissue acquisition has superior diagnostic performance while maintaining procedural simplicity and is considered useful for diagnosing malignant biliary stricture.

Il s´agit d´un patient de 64 ans, ayant comme antécédents une cholesystomie il y a 10 ans, une résection prostatique depuis 9 ans, une hypothyroïdie sous traitement depuis 14 ans. Qui présente des rachialgies chroniques avec une douleur osseuse de la cuisse droite avec un syndrome anémique, le bilan biologique a trouvé une insuffisance rénale à 52mg de créatinine, urée à 1.15g/l, VS à la 1er heure à 70mm et à 122 à la 2e heure, une anémie normochrome normocytaire avec une Hb à 7.9g/dl et une thrombopénie sans hyperleucocytose. Elle avait une hyperprotidémie à 122g/l, une normoalbuminémie à 34g/l, une hypercalcémie à 98.6g/l et une hyperphosphorémie à 128mg/l. L'électrophorèse des protéines sériques n´as pas objectivé un pic monoclonal de gammaglobulines, l´électrophorèse des protéines urinaires a objectivé la présence de chaine légère de type kappa. L´étude cyto-hématologique a trouvé une plasmocytose à 50% dans Le myélogramme et à 7% sur le frottis de sang périphérique. Ces plasmocytes étaient dystrophiques avec un aspect cytologique rare en trèfle. Sur le plan radiologique n´as pas mis en évidence des images de géodes à l'emporte-pièce sur la radiographie du crâne, des os longs, rachis et le bassin.

Background/aims: The sensitivities of endoscopic trans -papillary pathologic diagnosis of biliary tract cancer (BTC) are unsatisfactory. Recently, the diagnostic utility of the endoscopic scraper device, Trefle for biliary stricture has been reported. The Trefle can be guided to the target biliary stricture over the guidewire and is as easy to use as the conventional brush catheter (CBC). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Trefle-assisted tissue acquisition combined cell block method and CBC cytology for biliary strictures due to BTCs., Methods: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients with biliary strictures in whom CBC cytology or Trefle-assisted tissue acquisition under endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography was performed for suspected BTCs from January 2015 to June 2022 at our institution., Results: 173 patients (CBC group; n = 55, Trefle group; n = 118) were enrolled in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CBC cytology for BTC were 68.3%/100%/76.4%. On the other hand, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Trefle-assisted tissue acquisition for BTC were 93.7%/95.7%/94.1%, showing superior sensitivity ( p < 0.001) and accuracy ( p = 0.002) compared to that of CBC., Conclusions: Compared to CBC cytology, Trefle-assisted tissue acquisition has superior diagnostic performance while maintaining procedural simplicity and is considered useful for diagnosing malignant biliary stricture., Competing Interests: None., (© 2024 The Authors. DEN Open published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Plant Science is the property of Canadian Science Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, the genera, abundance, and activities of endophytic bacteria in field-grown white clover (Trifolium repens) and the fate of introduced antibiotic-tolerant bacteria in white clover tissues were investigated. Pseudomonas, Pantoea, and Corynebacterium were the most frequently isolated endophytic bacteria genera, whereas Xanthomonas, Microbacterium, and Cellulomonas occurred less frequently. The average bacterial populations in stolons and roots were approximately 100 000 colony-forming units (CFU) (g wet mass)–1. Of the 28 strains tested for activity, none were chitinolytic or able to inhibit the root pathogen Codinaea fertilis in vitro. However, Fusarium oxysporum and Cylindrocladium scoparium were inhibited by one and five strains, respectively. Four of seven strains tested depressed clover seedling growth. In pot experiments, colonization and recovery of spontaneous rifampicin-tolerant mutants (Rif+) of bacteria were studied in clover plants for periods up to 20 weeks. The strains used, sourced from white clover (endophytic and rhizoplane) and organic compost, had previously shown growth promotion potential of white clover seedlings by increasing plant mass and decreasing nematode numbers. In one experiment in this present study, five Rif+ strains were individually inoculated onto white clover seedlings, all five were re-isolated from shoots after 6 weeks and four strains were re-isolated after 20 weeks (numbers of Rif+ bacteria ranged from 51 to 200 CFU (g wet mass)–1). No Rif+ bacteria were isolated from root tissue at either time. In the second experiment, conducted with two strains of Rif+ bacteria, the population was highest in the shoots (range >500 CFU of Rif+ bacteria (g shoot fresh mass)–1) in weeks 2 and 3, declining to <200 CFU in week 5. Again, no Rif+ bacteria could be detected in roots. No Rif+ bacteria were recovered after 14 weeks for one of the strains. It appears that the main route of bacterial entry into seedlings was through stomata and that bacteria remained in the aerial parts of plants rather than migrating to the roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Peroral cholangioscopy (POCS) has become a widely-used technique in diagnosing indeterminate biliary strictures, enabling optical viewing of the biliary system and targeted biopsies under direct vision. The diagnostic utility of the new endoscopic scraper, Trefle®, for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC) has also been reported. However, the diagnostic utility of POCS-guided and Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for ECC has never been compared empirically. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for diagnosing ECC compared with POCS-guided tissue sampling. Methods: Patients who underwent Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition or POCS-guided forceps biopsy to differentiate ECC from benign biliary disease between April 2014 and March 2018 were enrolled retrospectively. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided forceps biopsy based on pathological evaluation. We also compared adverse events associated with Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition with those of POCS-guided forceps biopsy. Results: We enrolled 34 patients with biliary disease and performed Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided forceps biopsy in 14 and 20 patients, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition were 87.5%, 83.3%, and 85.7%, respectively, and for POCS-guided forceps biopsy, these were 90.0% each. Statistical values of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and POCS-guided tissue acquisition were not significantly different. There were no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse events between the Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition and the POCS-guided forceps biopsy (35.7% vs. 25.0%, p = 0.770). Compared with patients who underwent POCS procedure, endoscopic sphincterotomy was performed for fewer patients who underwent Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The diagnostic ability of Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition for ECC is similar to that of POCS-guided tissue acquisition. Trefle®-assisted tissue acquisition might also help to preserve the sphincter of Oddi and its digestive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Douze chevreaux "Baladi" âgés de 7 à 8 mois ont été répartis en trois groupes identiques pour rechercher les effets de trois régimes alimentaires à base de concentrés : zéro (N), 400 g (I) et 600 g (H). Les travaux ont porté sur le gain de poids, la répartition des masses corporelles et les caractéristiques de la carcasse pendant une période d'engraissement de 120 jours. En outre, tous les groupes ont reçu du trèfle ad libitum. Les chevreaux nourris exclusivement au trèfle (N) ont eu une croissance pondérale de 54 g par chevreau et par jour. Pour ceux soumis aux régimes de 400 g (I) et 600 g (H), on a enregistré respectivement 59 g et 90 g. Les poids du corps éviscéré et de la carcasse pantelante et réfrigérée ont augmenté proportionnellement à ces mêmes niveaux. De même les poids les plus élevés pour l'épaule, les côtes thoraciques et les côtes abdominales, le filet, le gigot entier ont été obtenus avec le niveau d'engraissement le plus fort (H), suivis respectivement par les niveaux I et N. Le pourcentage le plus élevé de viande dans tous les morceaux, à l'exception du collet et du dos, ont été obtenus lorsque les chevreaux étaient soumis au régime alimentaire le plus intensif. Les dépenses et les recettes basées sur l'emploi de chacune de ces formules ont été également calculées