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3. EMC Testing of Electricity Meters Using Real-World and Artificial Current Waveforms

Author

van den Brom, Helko E., primary, van Leeuwen, Ronald, additional, Marais, Zander, additional, ten Have, Bas, additional, Hartman, Tom, additional, Azpurua, Marco, additional, Pous, Marc, additional, Kok, Gertjan, additional, van Veghel, Marijn, additional, Kolevatov, Ilia, additional, Malmbekk, Helge, additional, Silva, Ferran, additional, and Leferink, Frank, additional

Published
2021
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13. Detection Methods for Current Signals Causing Errors in Static Electricity Meters

Author

Barakou, Fani, Wright, Paul, S, van den Brom, Helko, E, Kok, Gertjan, J, P, and Rietveld, Gert

Subjects
Power Quality, Electricity Meters, Multiresolution Signal Decomposition, Smart Meters, Wavelet Transform, Wavelets, Short Time Fourier Transform
Abstract

In recent years, the shift to Distributed Generation (DG) and the use of smarter domestic appliances has led to an increasing integration of power electronics (active infeed converters,power drive systems etc.) at the household level. However, the use of more power electronics results in the generation of highly distorted currents entering the distribution grid. Previous research shows that such current waveforms can cause large errors in static electricity meters. Thus, there is an imperative need to study the characteristics of these current waveforms and their impact on meter readings by performing extended measurements in households. Since it is not practical to store all the high granularity waveform data of such measurements, suitable detection methods and trigger levels need to be defined to only capture the potentially problematic current waveforms. In this paper, signal processing techniques (differentiation, Short Time Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform) are applied to current signals in order to extract features suitable for use as a trigger. Results show that the Discrete Wavelet Transform and the filter with derivative method give the most promising results and work reliably even for very noisy signals.

Published
2019

23. Josephson Arbitrary Waveform System with Optoelectronic Drive

Author

Ireland, Jane, primary, Kieler, Oliver, additional, Kohlmann, Johannes, additional, Malmbekk, Helge, additional, Williams, Jonathan M., additional, Behr, Ralf, additional, Karlsen, Bjornar, additional, Bardalen, Eivind, additional, Houtzager, Ernest, additional, Nguen, Hoang Vu, additional, Hornecker, Ralph, additional, Ohlckers, Per, additional, and van den Brom, Helko E., additional

Published
2017
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24. Sampling current ratio measurement system for calibration of current transducers up to 10 kA With 5 • 10‾⁶ uncertainty

Author

Van den brom, Helko E., Rietveld, Gert, and So, Eddy

Abstract

A sampling current ratio measurement system has been developed, tested, and validated for the accurate complex ratio measurement of ac current transducers. Calibrations can be performed for primary currents up to 10 kA with typical expanded uncertainties of 5 • 10‾⁶ in magnitude and 5 μrad in phase (k = 2). A unique property of the system is the use of digitizers for sampling of the secondary current signals and step-down transformers with a large number of current ratios. Therefore, the system does not require the current transducer under test to be a current transformer having a nominal ratio equal to the reference current transformer. Furthermore, it allows for the accurate calibration of a large variety of different current transformers and other types of current transducers. A bilateral comparison between VSL and NRC confirms the stated uncertainty.

Published
2015

46. Sampling Current Ratio Measurement System for Calibration of Current Transducers up to 10 kA With 5\cdot 10^\mathrm -6 Uncertainty.

Author

van den Brom, Helko E., Rietveld, Gert, and So, Eddy

Subjects
*ELECTRIC transformers, *TRANSDUCERS, *ALTERNATING currents, *CALIBRATION, *SIGNAL processing
Abstract

A sampling current ratio measurement system has been developed, tested, and validated for the accurate complex ratio measurement of ac current transducers. Calibrations can be performed for primary currents up to 10 kA with typical expanded uncertainties of 5\cdot 10^\mathrm \mathbf -6 in magnitude and 5 $\mu $ rad in phase ( $k=2$ ). A unique property of the system is the use of digitizers for sampling of the secondary current signals and step-down transformers with a large number of current ratios. Therefore, the system does not require the current transducer under test to be a current transformer having a nominal ratio equal to the reference current transformer. Furthermore, it allows for the accurate calibration of a large variety of different current transformers and other types of current transducers. A bilateral comparison between VSL and NRC confirms the stated uncertainty. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
2015
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48. Realization of a Quantum Standard for AC Voltage: Overview of a European Research Project.

Author

Chevtchenko, Oleg A., Van Den Brom, Helko E., Houtzager, Ernest, Behr, Raif, Kohlmann, Johannes, Williams, Jonathan M., Janssen, Theodoor J. B. M., Palafox, Luis, Humphreys, David A., Piquemal, François, Djordjevic, S., Monnoye, O., Poletaeff, André, Lapuh, Rado, Rydler, Karl-Erik, and Eklund, G.

Subjects
*ALTERNATING currents, *JOSEPHSON effect, *FREQUENCY synthesizers, *QUANTUM theory, *STANDARDS, *ELECTRONICS
Abstract

The European Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer (JAWS) project addresses the Jack of instrumentation and knowledge for accurate and traceable measurement and generation of alternating (AC) voltage with arbitrary waveforms. The objective is to develop a standard based on a JAWS, a precise instrument that links the generated voltage to the Josephson effect, which in turn: relates voltage to fundamental constants and frequency. The standard alms at synthesized voltages up to 10 mV, frequencies up to 10 kHz and uncertainty smaller than 100 μV/V as a first step. This paper reports on the progress in developing the key components for JAWS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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49. Accurate Subpicoampere Current Source Based on a Differentiating Capacitor With Software-Controlled Nonlinearity Compensation.

Author

Van Den Brom, Helko E., De Ia Court, Pieter, and Rietveld, Gert

Subjects
*CAPACITORS, *ELECTRIC capacity, *ELECTRIC equipment, *ELECTRIC currents, *NONLINEAR theories, *DIELECTRICS
Abstract

A high accuracy current source has been developed for the generation of very small currents (below 200 pA) based on applying a linear voltage ramp to a capacitor. Using software-controlled compensation for the nonlinearity of the voltage ramp, a stable current can be reached within a few seconds. A voltage ramp within typically 10.10-6 of any desired value between less than 1 mV/s and several hundreds of mV/s can be realized. Using a high quality air-dielectric capacitor, currents below 200 pA can be generated With an uncertainty of 20 μA/A (k = 2), with a lower limit 0f 2.0 aA (k=2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
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50. Counting Electrons One by One--Overview of a Joint European Research Project.

Author

van den Brom, Helko E., Kerkhof, Oswin, Lotkhov, Sergey V., Bogoslovsky, Sergey A., Willenberg, Gerd-Dietmar, Scherer, Hansjorg, Zorin, Alexander B., Pedersen, S., Kristoffersson, C., Aassime, A., Delsing, Per, Taslakov, Marian A., Ivanov, Z., Nilsson, Hakan, Giblin, Stephen, Kleinschmidt, Peter, Hof, Christian, Eichenberger, Ali L., and Overney, Frederic

Subjects
*ELECTRONS, *QUANTUM tunneling, *ELECTRIC conductivity, *MEASUREMENT, *ELECTRIC currents
Abstract

Presents a study that exploited two complementary single electron tunneling devices for use in electrical current metrology. Set current source; Current steps for the R-pump with smaller junctions for different frequencies and series resistances; Summary and conclusion.

Published
2003
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