THE ENDURING IMPACT OF RACE: UNDERSTANDING DISPARITIES IN STUDENT DISCIPLINARY INFRACTIONS AND ACHIEVEMENT.

The article explores the impact of a student's race on disciplinary action and academic achievement in the U.S., particularly focusing on race gaps in North Carolina's educational system. It addresses the use of demographic methods to investigate the effects of race gaps on individual students, peer groups, and overall school composition. It comments on the importance of students' family and the distribution of students across the state to explaining demographic differences in middle schools in North Carolina.