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Occurrence of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in edible oils in the United States.
- Source :
-
Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment [Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess] 2013; Vol. 30 (12), pp. 2081-92. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Oct 21. - Publication Year :
- 2013
-
Abstract
- Fatty acid esters of 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD) and glycidol are processing contaminants found in a wide range of edible oils. While both 3 MCPD and glycidol have toxicological properties that at present has concerns for food safety, the published occurrence data are limited. Occurrence information is presented for the concentrations of 3-MCPD and glycidyl esters in 116 retail and/or industrial edible oils and fats using LC-MS/MS analysis of intact esters. The concentrations for bound 3-MCPD ranged from below the limit of quantitation (<LOQ) to 0.09 mg kg⁻¹ (ppm) in 22 unrefined oils and from 0.005 to 7.2 mg kg⁻¹ (ppm) in 94 refined oils. The concentrations for bound glycidol ranged from <LOQ to 0.03 mg kg⁻¹ (ppm) in unrefined oil samples and from <LOQ to 10.5 mg kg⁻¹ (ppm) in processed oil samples. The highest concentrations for both 3-MCPD and glycidol were seen in refined palm oil and palm olein samples. Palm olein samples also contained a higher percentage of 3-MCPD in mono-ester form than any other type of oil.
- Subjects :
- Carcinogens chemistry
Carcinogens toxicity
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Epoxy Compounds chemistry
Epoxy Compounds toxicity
Esterification
Fatty Acids analysis
Fatty Acids chemistry
Food Handling
Glycerol analysis
Glycerol chemistry
Glycerol toxicity
Hot Temperature adverse effects
Limit of Detection
Maryland
Molecular Structure
Mutagens chemistry
Mutagens toxicity
Palm Oil
Plant Oils adverse effects
Plant Oils economics
Propanols chemistry
Propanols toxicity
Solid Phase Extraction
Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
Tandem Mass Spectrometry
United States
alpha-Chlorohydrin
Carcinogens analysis
Epoxy Compounds analysis
Food Contamination
Glycerol analogs & derivatives
Mutagens analysis
Plant Oils chemistry
Propanols analysis
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 1944-0057
- Volume :
- 30
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- MEDLINE
- Journal :
- Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- 24138540
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2013.840805