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Faecal microbiota from patients with cirrhosis has a low capacity to ferment non-digestible carbohydrates into short-chain fatty acids
- Source :
- Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver. 39(8)
- Publication Year :
- 2019
-
Abstract
- Background and aims Cirrhosis is associated with dysbiosis, but its functional consequences are still largely unknown. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) account for physiological interactions between the gut microbiota and host. Our aim was to assess the impact of cirrhotic dysbiosis on the production of SCFAs. Methods Seventeen patients with cirrhosis and 17 controls were selected. Microbiota composition in faecal samples was assessed by next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing. SCFAs were measured with GC-MS in faecal samples and after in vitro batch fermentations using arabinoxylan, resistant starch, pectin, and lactulose as substrates. Results Among the 17 cirrhotic patients (mean age 58, eight males), six, nine and two were, respectively, Child-Pugh class A, B and C. Eleven patients were on oral antibiotics, 11 on lactulose and 13 on proton pump inhibitors. Cirrhotic patients showed marked differences in the composition and diversity of gut microbiome when compared to controls, that were more pronounced with increased severity. Stool samples from cirrhotic patients showed lower SCFAs content and reduced capacity to produce SCFAs in batch fermentations, with butyrate production being the most abnormal. These functional aberrancies were more pronounced with greater liver disease severity. Abundance of Ruminococcus faecis (in family Ruminococcaceae), Faecalicatena fissicatena and Fusicatenibacter saccharivorans (in family Lachnospiraceae) was positively correlated with the SCFAs production. Conclusion Cirrhotic dysbiosis is associated with a decreased capacity to ferment non-digestible carbohydrates into SCFAs, especially into butyrate. These functional abnormalities are more pronounced as disease progresses. These results might inform the design of gut-targeted therapies for cirrhosis.
- Subjects :
- Liver Cirrhosis
Male
medicine.medical_specialty
Cirrhosis
food.ingredient
medicine.drug_class
Antibiotics
Butyrate
Gut flora
Gastroenterology
03 medical and health sciences
Lactulose
Liver disease
Feces
0302 clinical medicine
food
Internal medicine
medicine
Humans
Resistant starch
Hepatology
biology
Middle Aged
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Fatty Acids, Volatile
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
030220 oncology & carcinogenesis
Case-Control Studies
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Dysbiosis
030211 gastroenterology & hepatology
Female
medicine.drug
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 14783231
- Volume :
- 39
- Issue :
- 8
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....7ff91539a1dc9b74044cdf0eb46bc05d