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El objetivo es analizar cómo el texto fundacional y el reglamento de la Biblioteca Pública de Buenos Aires interpelaron a los usuarios y cuál fue la reacción del público una vez que la institución abrió sus puertas. Por lo tanto, se rastreó la tensión entre un paradigma bibliotecológico que apelaba al fomento del saber y al bien público como objetivo institucional y las demandas de los usuarios por el horario restringido de la biblioteca. Se analizaron desde la historia de la cultura impresa las representaciones de la lectura y de la sociabilidad letrada al leer la correspondencia entre Bernardino Rivadavia y Luis José de Chorroarín, el reglamento de la Biblioteca Pública de Buenos Aires y los periódicos porteños. Se concluyó que la negativa en ampliar el horario de atención al público conspiró con el acceso a la biblioteca de los empleados. The objective is to analyze how the founding text and regulations of the Buenos Aires Public Library challenged users and what the public's reaction was once the institution opened its doors. Therefore, we traced the tension between a library paradigm that appealed to the promotion of knowledge and the public good as an institutional objective and the demands of users due to the restricted library hours. From the history of printed culture, the representations of reading and the sociability of the reader when reading the correspondence between Bernardino Rivadavia and Luis José de Chorroarín, the regulations of the Buenos Aires Public Library and the Buenos Aires newspapers were analyzed. It was concluded that the refusal to extend the opening hours to the public conspired with the access to the library of the employees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present an analytical reflection on our experience as adscriptas a la investigación, a term used in Spanish to describe the role of those who volunteer as students to be in an apprenticeship relationship with experienced professors-researchers at our public university (School of Humanities) in the metropolitan area sorrounding the city of Buenos Aires. We have analyzed and written our piece in two voices, as we are both apprentices. Methodologically, we start from our work logs, audio recordings and photographs to make an analytical description of the assignment, which is divided into three sections: the place of others in the construction of knowledge, word in dispersion and resistance, and spaces and bodies that communicate in themselves. Our reflection accounts for the learning and transformation opportunities generated from the implementation of a new pedagogical practice for us. Thus, we observe that a space was created in connection with others that favored parity, horizontal communication, and, together with it, the collective construction of new knowledge based on local epistemologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The agribusiness model involved the expansion of crops and the application of a technological package that has generated the use of millions of liters of agrochemicals, which exposes rural populations to simultaneous or sequenced exposure to products, which seriously affect health and the environment. These externalities are reflected in the bodyterritory of women who inhabit and/or transit rural spaces, and suffer from daily land dispossession, labor exploitation and deterioration of their health as a result of the drift of agrochemicals. In this paper I intend to make visible the struggle of women, teachers, who gave birth to the Federal Network of Teachers for Life in San Andrés de Giles (Buenos Aires province) in 2017; an environmental group that denounces these problems, promotes actions to protect the environment and the rights of students and rural families. The methodology includes the analysis of journalistic sources, fieldwork and the development of semi-structured interviews in the territory of San Andrés de Giles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forms in which Environmental Education (EE) is included in the curriculum are a long-standing concern in the Latin American didactic field. In this paper we analyse the current curricular designs for the Basic Secondary School in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Although in hierarchically superior regulations (Provincial Education Law and General Framework of Curricular Policy), EE is based on critical and ethnographic perspectives, it has an uneven transversal presence in the curricular designs. Some subjects present an empty EE curriculum, while others show fragmentary and contradictory perspectives. Only in Social Sciences, Geography and Citizenship Building is there a critical and ethnographic vision, linked to contemporary environmental conflicts. From Geography we recovered the experiential dimension and the enjoyment of the environment as a contribution to the pedagogies of environmental conflict and to the ongoing implementation the new national EE regulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Considering the increase in housing tenants (inquilinización) and financialization in Latin America, this paper explores the emergence of short-term rentals in the City of Buenos Aires, as a growing trend of housing commodification, barely incorporated into the agenda of urban studies in Latin America. To do so, we take the case of Airbnb and examined four basic dimensions to characterize the phenomenon: quantity and evolution of offers, spatial distribution, housing prices and types of owners, then comparing them with the long term rental market. Results show that short term rental shows sustained growth both over time and territory; it is a real estate market segment which is operated by concentrated and intermediary actors. Due to the low occupancy rate of the properties, the rent obtained is currently lower than in the long-term rental market. However, the post-pandemic context (still in the process of recovery) and other significant non-economic factors must be considered when interpreting these results. The paper concludes by proposing future possibilities of advance in the research of the phenomenon in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the role of a public university located in the second cordon of Greater Buenos Aires: The National University of José C. Paz (unpaz). The objective of the work is to address the experience of unpaz, its actions, interventions and articulations with the different levels of statehood in the context of the pandemic in José C. Paz, one of the municipalities with the highest levels of impoverishment and vulnerability. On the one hand, the support and accompaniment strategies of the university to the student community are addressed in order to promote the continuity of the course, and on the other, the specific actions in socio-sanitary matters aimed at the entire La Paz community. Thus, the university is understood not only as a physical installation in a place, but as a central component as an urban facility and a social agent with implications for the local territory and in relation to its community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the Programa de Crédito Argentino del Bicentenario para la Vivienda Única Familiar (pro.cre.ar) on implementation processes, created in 2012 by the National Government. pro.crear programm generated expectations among citizens and different economic sectors. However, it got around several obstacles in its implementation and some of its lines were more effective than others. This paper offers a "bottom-up" view that recovers experiences and residential trayectories of Program beneficiaries. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with beneficiaries and successful bidders (who could effectively access and use the credit) of pro.cre.ar (2012-2015) in the Municipality of La Matanza, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the processes of class formation and workers’ organization in the cities of Rosario and Santa Fe, Argentina, between 1870 and the first decade of the twentieth century. An analytical perspective of local-regional and comparative history was chosen, seeking to observe how these processes operated between both cities beyond the links with the Federal Capital, paying attention to the ideological current that hegemonized the working-class world at that time, anarchism, as well as the workers’ federations. A heuristic analysis and the triangulation of workers’ sources with official documents were carried out and, through the comparative method, an attempt is made to account for the close links and repertoires of collective action shared and used by the workers in their process of union organization, showing the regional organizational capacity beyond the links with Buenos Aires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes, from a glotopolitical perspective, the establishment and functioning of a Spanish-Putonghua bilingual public school in the city of Buenos Aires. This institution and its implementation demonstrate a concern for the educational inclusion of Chinese migrants and their descendants, as well as for the preservation and learning of the immigration language. Throughout this article, we will show how Putonghua is constructed both as a language of instruction and as an "object language" in legal regulations, classes, and in the speeches of officials. We argue that the motivation underlying the creation of this school is the increasing importance that Putonghua has gained globally in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study how the intentionality to propose an experimental situation in a science lesson was mobilized. This situation initiated a didactic sequence about light that was implemented in different elementary classrooms (belonging to a socioeducational program from the City of Buenos Aires) and was conceived in a working group where teachers and researchers collaborate. We aim to explore the potentiality of this collaborative modality to promote the construction of ideas on teaching and learning science. We present a case study and we focus on the interactions between the different positions of the collaborative group members as they were involved in the co-design, implementation, and analysis of the sequence. We identified that, initially, the group discussions were centered on the material aspects of the lesson design; but, after the first implementations, the shared reflection about the classroom scenes made it possible to problematize the teachers' interventions, the interpretation of the students' ideas and the assessment of alternatives on how to promote student engagement. This motivated modifications in further implementations and redefinitions of the purpose to present the experiment in class. Finally, we were able to understand some reasons that obstruct teachers' engagement with academic research proposals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to study the differences in homeownership of international migrants in Buenos Aires, from a demographic perspective still little applied to the subject in Latin America, which explores the intensity and calendar of the phenomenon in specific generations, groups and territories. Birth cohorts of different national groups were reconstructed based on variables such as age and place of birth from the Argentine population censuses from 1970 to 2010. As a main result, it was found that the older the population, the more widespread is homeownership, but access to land has become more restrictive. This has affected recent generations in general, including the Argentine population, but especially migrants from neighboring countries of lower social sectors and in the most disputed territories of the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper sets out to analyze two urban development proposals from a comparative point of view. Based on a literature review of the Nueva Costa del Plata project and the data collected for my doctoral research on Puerto Madero, it traces both lines of continuity and emergent tendencies in the urban expansion of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. From that basis, it proposes a conceptual revision of urban renewal through 'waterfront revitalization', and goes on to put in context the relationship of the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area with the Río de la Plata. Finally, it deploys each of the contrasting proposals, in order to arrive at a comparative analysis that allows reflection on urban renovations of the waterfront of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to describe and analyze the reconversion experiences of four social organizations to sustain the social bond and collective care in popular neighborhoods of the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on qualitative research work with an ethnographic approach, conducted remotely between July and September 2020, we i) reconstructed the social context and characterized the activities of the socio-community organizations studied in AMBA, before and during the pandemic; ii) sketched images such as the collective "la olla" organization, which describe the community provision of care; and iii) showed how, in the context of restricted movement, the organizations had to deploy tactics to "contain," "accompany" and take care of themselves and others. In line with debates about an economy of care, which produces values surreptitiously appropriated by the rest of the economy, this paper focuses on those resulting from socio-community practices related to: food --"la olla" and "la fila"--, health, and socio-affective --"containment"--. This proposal is intended to contribute to the theoretical-political field of discussion, in which it is situated, on the paradox between the centrality of (socio-community) care, for the production of social welfare, and its insufficient recognition in economic, social, and political terms. Methodologically, the paper portrays the challenges --for social research-- of reading and interpreting practices when co-presenciality is technologically mediated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the outbreak and devastating spread of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, different forms of containment methods have been implemented across Latin America that have radically and rapidly transformed public health approaches. The purpose of this paper is to provide a preliminary delimitation of the problem of person-to-person accusations and complaints in proximity contexts under the confinement regime in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires (AMBA). This paper examines three issues: 1) anthropological perspectives on judicialization; 2) the broad-ranging consequences and paradoxical effects that accusations, denunciations, and judicializations have been proven to cause for the well-being, health, and survival of affected individuals and social groups; and 3) the particularities that anthropological work assumes in highly normatized, sanctioned, and criminalized contexts. This article addresses heterogeneous materials: historical background, anthropological arguments, research results, media information, regulations, etc., to analyze the case of the AMBA. Specifically, the text focuses on the practices employed during the months of the initial period of confinement in AMBA, from March 20 to November 9, 2020. This analysis sheds light on the ways in which proximity accusations and allegations lead to the fragmentation of social fabrics, deepen inequalities, and accentuate uncertainty about social responses to possible infection and death. They also compromise and distort epidemiological, preventive, and care strategies. While legal actions of the same type have taken place for other ailments and epidemics, proximity accusations and allegations, in this case, are understood as enabled and legitimized strategies that express and translate deep transformations --at the micro-scale of isolation-- of the links between public health, legislation and security forces in social confinement regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work shows a technical-economic procedure to determine the adapted network in a low voltage (LV) residential electrical system with photovoltaic distributed generation (PVDG). A network is adapted when it is designed to minimize the total fixed and variable costs and optimize the equipment to adequately satisfy the demand (both the current demand and its expected growth). The study will consider that the decision to install PVDG is exogenous. The method is based on the concept of Hosting Capacity (HC). This paper analyzes four typical LV networks in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. A statistical power flow solves the networks. We take the following statistical variables: residential load, PV penetration, PV power, and location. We obtain the statistical HC for each network, and the HC is used to carry out the technical-economic study of the network. Finally, we establish the adapted network for each level of penetration. The results show that, without PVDG penetration, there are different network options with different costs per km2. When PVDG penetration increases, the networks with the lowest cost per km2 are discarded (due to their FCE), and only the networks with the highest cost per km2 survive. Once 70% penetration of PVDG has been exceeded, none of the studied networks is considered an option.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the intersection of social and digital inequality studies, this paper presents the results of a finished research about Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) appropriation among high school students from the City of Buenos Aires (CABA). From the results of an own survey and in-depth interviews, this article studies the digital capital accumulation in young people with the objective of analyzing the influence of social origin on the appropriation of ICT and the scope of social and digital reproduction. The results present a typology on youth appropriations, describing the expected destinations from the digital appropriation trajectories by social class and the dissident cases in which young people from different social classes have appropriated ICT in an “unexpected” way, when students of the same social class have trajectories with different destinations from the influence of digital scaffolding. The role of these scaffolds in the ICT appropriation processes constitutes the main finding of the research since they make possible the change of trajectories and social and digital mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the spatiotemporal variations of the Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI) computed as the difference of urban and rural land surface temperatures for the three major cities of Argentina: Buenos Aires, Rosario, and Cordoba. Satellite-based data of 1 km x 1 km resolution available through the Global Surface UHI Explorer were used to estimate mean and maximum values, trends and percentage of each urban area with positive/negative intensities of SUHI for the period 2003-2017. Results indicate that, on average the nocturnal urban surface temperature is higher than the rural one (positive SUHI) for the annual, winter and summer mean for the three cities. The greatest contrast corresponds to Buenos Aires, where the maximum SUHI magnitude is +2°C in summer and the minimum is +1,5°C in winter. Both Rosario and Cordoba exhibit a difference in magnitude between summer and winter of only 0,1°C. The percentage of the area of each city with nocturnal surface temperatures greater than the rural ones is on average, 93 % for Buenos Aires, 97% for Rosario and 89% for Cordoba. During daytime, in some cases the SUHI intensity is negative generating a cold island. This effect is observed in the three cities during the cold season and in Rosario and Cordoba for the annual mean. In Buenos Aires, that hosts more than 30 % of the total population of the country, there is a significant positive trend in the daytime mean and maximum SUHI intensity. The comparison between the Buenos Aires' SUHI and canopy UHI (derived from standard air temperature measurements) shows positive intensities during night-time in both cases, although the mean annual and summer SUHI are warmer than the UHI in +0,3°C and +0,6°C, respectively. Additionally, there is a trend towards warmer daytime intensities of both types of heat islands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper addresses the study of those knapping processes occurred during the middle Holocene in Laguna de los Pampas (Central Pampean Dunefields, Buenos Aires), carried out through tecnomorphologic and technological (chaînes opératoires) studies of the lithic artifacts recovered in the surface of the Sector 2. The results obtained points to the employ of a wide diversity of raw materials, which sources are located at least 170 km away from the site, and among which stands the orthoquartzites and cherts from Tandilia. For these two rocks, as well as for the silicified dolomite, a direct acquisition is proposed. The production of blanks was mainly made by the unipolar and centripetal débitage. The presence of dull edges, reactivation flakes and exhausted cores, as well as the employment of the bipolar reduction, suggest an optimization in the exploitation of rocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss conceptualizations regarding drainage basin management and spatial planning, later to inquire how these viewpoints influence the instruments and institutions that currently guide the development of such areas in the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (RMBA, Región Metropolitana de Buenos Aires). In terms of methodology, we collated and analyzed the most representative instruments and institutions which influence the RMBA, including specific bibliography, technical reports and official websites. The results show that the traditional conceptualization of both spatial planning and drainage basin management still predominate. In addition, the diverse instruments consulted do not seem to properly attend to the environmental and spatial complexity of the RMBA, given the latter's multiple jurisdictions and the high degree of normative dispersion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces part of the results of an investigation that aimed to analyze, from a socio-pedagogical perspective, the conflict and coexistence strategies between students and teachers of secondary schools in Buenos Aires City. From a qualitative methodology, through classroom observations and interviews with students and teachers from two secondary schools, we analyzed the meanings and practices they construct around different uses of cell phones in the classroom. We found meanings and practices linked to students' boredom or lack of interest, negotiations between teachers and students, and manners of regulating their use by the latter. Although cell phones generate conflictive situations and constitute a challenge to manage coexistence in school classes, we conclude that their presence in classrooms is not necessarily the cause but rather the expression of tensions inherent to the relational dynamics of contemporary secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses a housing policy of social mixture in a neighborhood that is under an urban renewal process. It studies the implementation of the housing plan included in the law n.o 3.396/09, that creates the Parque Donado-Holmberg neighborhood in the area of what should have been the Highway 3 in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The paper explores the possibilities of social mixture that the social housing program enables (or not) in an urban renewal scenario. For that purpose it analyses the modes of access to social housing and the perceptions that the recipients have about their new houses. It deploys a qualitative methodology, based on secondary sources and the construction of primary data (interviews, non-participant observations and a collective mapping), that has been made between July 2016 and May. 2018. The article argues that the implementation of a policy of access to social housing is insufficient to stimulate social mixture in an urban renewal scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of a set of urban renewal policies in strategic areas of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, in 2008 the Technological District was created; which is located in Commune 4, a south-peripheral area, historically dismissed by capital investments and by the State. This paper aims at analysing the territorial effects of the Technological District in the valorisation of the real estate market and the changes in land use. From a multi-scalar approach, it focuses in the micro-territorial scale, from the exploration of four different zones within the area of the Technological District. The qualitative-quantitative methodology was based on the analysis of the sale offers of land, apartments, storefronts and offices in the Technology District, and the changes in land use, between 2006 and 2017. The results reveal that there is an accelerated real estate and land valorisation in the Technological District in comparison with other areas in the City. However, the renewal is selective in the territory. This tends to reinforce pre-existing and unequal patterns of appreciation among the different areas of the District, which allows to qualify the "success" of the policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the care of children < 1 year in professional sectors of the City of Buenos Aires. The activities, interactions and feelings observed in four hours of care between a mother and her 11-month-old baby are analyzed in the context of a series of interviews carried out with mothers and fathers of this socioeconomic stratum. The project is part of the social studies of care and the sociology of emotions, fields that have sought to better understand the motivations and experiences of social actors in their affective practices with others. The main hypothesis is that the dynamics and rhythms of care in this sector can assume unique temporal arrangements, linked to simultaneity, alternation, continuous bonding and permanent availability among children and their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to analyze different forms of agency assumed by children and young people with respect to child protection policies, specifically, in terms of adoption or foster care processes. To this end, I apply an ethnographic approach to describe and analyze the institutional logic behind the operation of certain residential homes, the guidelines and sanctions that regulate the behavior of the children and young people housed there, and how they, in turn, make sense of and heighten the monitoring and control of these institutions. Secondly, I examine the ways in which children and young people develop their capacity for agency by engaging in dialogue or confronting the officials of the entities that promote and protect their rights; how they attribute meaning to the official's decisions, and how they seek to avoid them or propose alternatives. This paper supports the production of knowledge on how children and young people contribute to shaping social life and, at the same time, is intended to deepen the government's analysis of this sector of the population. I maintain that far from considering state intervention on children and young people as homogeneous and totalizing, the cases reveal the different nuances assumed by child government and how this variability creates the conditions to enable them to carry out their projects. The materials I present and analyze here are the result of field work, carried out over ten years, between 2009 and 2019, in households and entities that promote and protect rights, in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires, Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is part of a study intended to elucidate the current modalities of social intervention on children at risk in Argentina, as part of what is known as child protection and from a rights-based approach. I attempt to comprehend these modalities of intervention by focusing on the actions of the institutional agents of a state organism for the protection of children's rights in a mid-range area of Buenos Aires. The material presented here stems from an ethnographic and narrative approach to the actions carried out by these agents in relation to the families with which they interact, in order to access some of the significant schemes that frame them. I conducted my fieldwork in 2018, during a fivemonth internship in the organization, using participant observation as the main research technique. I argue that the trust that permeates the bond between state agents and the families targeted by the interventions is conceived as a moral value that conveys the instructive work carried out, fundamentally, on womenmothers. This characteristic does not serve to make relationships more flexible, but rather reestablishes itself to stylize control and surveillance mechanisms. At the same time, families make use of available institutional rhetoric as a way of translating their social experience into the language of rights, thus effecting the expected transformation. This work shows how current models of intervention involving children and their families incorporate new elements such as trust and affection, which, however, are woven with enduring power mechanisms typical of the scope of the state's protective services. It also discusses the place of families in the interaction with state agents to enable an understanding of their actions based on the use and appropriation of the language of rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the practices of a group of trans women and non-binary gay men, initiated members of an Afro-Umbandista temple in Buenos Aires. In particular, delves into her experiences of gender expression around kimbanda, a line that has experienced a remarkable growth in recent years at the local level. Through in-depth observations and interviews, she investigates the link established between the followers and the female sponsor of the ritual, Pomba Gira. Finally, it identifies that this identity construction is not only based on the daily life of the temple, but is legitimized by mythical, socio-religious and historical aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In July 1961, Professor Quintín Alfonsín, the main historical reference in the studies of Private International Law in Uruguay, and one of the most important national jurists of the 20th century, died as a consequence of aeronautical tragedy in Buenos Aires. His greatness to face his destiny --being able to save himself he chose to fight to the limit of his strength trying to help his wife-- enhances a personality in which the conscience of moral duty, the search for excellence and his will power were commendable values of principle. This paper does not intend to summarize his work or insist on the topic of his early loss, which has already been done at great extent, but rather to highlight some personal qualities of Alfonsín and his prevailing legal and human lessons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary age is characterized by the constitution of a technical-scientific-informational medium over increasingly larger territories. New forms of co-operation and control are imposed due to expanding large-company labor territory divisions. In this paper, the growing standard mediation in urban economy circuits of fast-preparation foodstuffs located in the Buenos Aires metropolis is analyzed. To this end, regency transformation in circuits and the technical phenomenon as a condition of possibility for territory standardization have been studied. Lastly, we discuss implications of this process on relations between hegemonic and subordinate actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on the biography of a right-wing militant of Argentine nationalism. Through the study of one case, this paper seeks to address the following question: How is a right-wing activist built?. Our interviewee was born and grew up in an Italian family which supported monarchy and fascism. He established connections with the Italian (neo)fascist world in Buenos Aires and he was part of the Movimiento Nacionalista Tacuara in his youth. In order to approach this life story with a micro perspective, we will use Oral History tools, as well as the concept of habitus and Alejandro Quiroga's theory of the three spheres. We will conclude that an early insertion in the world of fascism and Argentine nationalism through family and the school system were decisive for the construction of this activist's political identity. The sources used are two interviews, which we analyze by paying special attention to his memory of his political activism and the conformation of his identity as a right-wing activist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A problematic link made of tensions and contradictions relates Elvira Orphée to Tucumán, the Argentinian province where she was born and the space represented in many of her texts. This paper explores one of the aspects of this problematic link by revealing the fact that the author's figure is fictionalized in Pretérito perfecto, novel published in 1983 by another writer from Tucumán, Hugo Foguet. After pointing out the elements which allow to relate Negra Fortabat, the character in the novel, to Orphée, the analysis meditates on the probable reasons for such fictionalization and on its implications regarding the image that Foguet constructs of himself as a writer. It is postulated that the figurative presence of Orphée in Pretérito perfecto works in at least three directions, intimately related to each other: 1) to develop the dispute over how to write a novel in general and how to write a novel about Tucumán in particular; 2) to incarnate the counter figure of a writer, which enables to make a necessary tabula rasa over every antecedent and to show, in that way, how disruptive and foundational the novel by Foguet is in itself; 3) to represent the tensions between a peripheral literary field located in Tucumán and a central literary field located in Buenos Aires [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American Library was a collection that, in the words of Alejandro Magariños Cervantes, was intended to disseminate unpublished materials by the most notable American authors. Although this project began in Paris in 1854, the following volumes would be published in Buenos Aires and Montevideo, between 1858 and 1864. It is interesting to note that in each book, the editor included some pages that he called "Chronicle of the Library", where he presented his ideas about the general plan of this work, written correspondence, critical judgments, lists of subscribers, distribution circuits and places of commercialization. He also mentioned difficulties with printing, both due to the delays of authors delivering the works and to production issues due to lack of paper. Additional problems were the high costs and the few material gains obtained by this company. The purpose of this article is to study those chronicles in order to reconstruct the future of the catalog, comparing the authors and the works that Alejandro Magariños Cervantes announces will be published with the definitive content of the collection. At the same time, this article aims to track indications of practices and uses associated with book production in the mid-19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is intended to give an account of an extremely interesting experience in the Municipality of Ituzaingó (MuI)--city where both authors live in--, in the western area of Greater Buenos Aires (GBA), where Municipal Public Policies include the Women, Genders, Diversity and Human Rights Council (CMGDyDH for its Spanish acronym), entity responsible not only for various functions, but for trying to prevent the local patriarchal system from continuing imposing itself through culture, society and economy, among other disciplines and practices, not allowing women's empowerment. We aim at conducting an analysis of the Gender-sensitive policies carried out by the CMGDyDH in the MuI, which are developed in a national context of different achievements reached by the feminist movement during the last years. Our question is whether it would be possible to weaken or avoid the patriarchal system, at least in the medium term, in the local context. We are aware that structural changes arise from asocial base, with a multiplier effect towards the super-structural framework, process which we would like to see materialized in order to reach equity and gender social inclusion. One of the general objectives of this article consists in revising theoretically and empirically the possible definition and construction of those intervention and formulation methods of integral Social Policies, in a collective and dialectal manner. The pillars of analysis of this article are: -Past budgetary achievements at national and provincial level, and within the MuI, with a gender-based approach. -Goals accomplished at an institutional, legislative and Public Policies level, with a gender perspective. The first part of this article (I) includes general aspects of Feminist Economics (FE) and the second one (II) consist of a description of the activities carried out by the CMGDyDH in the MuI, its objectives, and an analytical relation with the first part of the article. The second part derives from the Final Research Paper by BSW. Marta Rosendo, presented in the Women and Gender Specialization, at Universidad de Luján. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to describe and analyze the therapeutic itineraries of female migrants from Bolivia residing two neighborhoods of Buenos Aires, "Bajo Flores" and "Villa 31". Qualitative methodology, using techniques of interviews and focus groups, oriented the investigation of health care strategies. As a principle result, we identified the articulation of various healthcare systems, particularly that of frequent consultation of pharmacists as substitution for physicians, be this a form of avoiding the barriers and obstacles of access to the public health system or as an alternative to previous therapeutic failures. In addition, the barriers that these women encounter when trying to access care in the public health system are described. Finally, we observed that the circulation of information among family members, neighbors, friends and "countrymen" is the most frequent means of accessing knowledge about the available care alternatives in each territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the modalities of organization and the collective demands made in recent years by the indigenous population of the Metropolitan Region of Buenos Aires (Argentina). In order to do so, it addresses the process of participation of the new ethnic leaderships in local government through the case of the La Coordinación de Pueblos Originarios de Almirante Brown. The paper explores the strategies, the underlying logic, and the decisions that contributed to the processes of ethnopolitical participation in the structure of the contemporary Argentina state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Autonomous City of Buenos Aires is marked by an intensive productive structure in services, both in its absorption of labor and in its participation in the product. A good part of these are explained by the Knowledge-Intensive Services (KIS), so they deserve a careful analysis of the type of demand for labor that is associated. Much of the academic discussion revolves around the importance of supplying human capital for the development of the knowledge industry; therefore, with a clear understanding of its role in the proliferation of the KIS sector, the primary objective of this paper is to understand this mechanism, but in reverse; that is, to understand the morphology of the demand for labor that has been generated, based on both the qualification of the labor force and the tasks that are performed. Besides the usual controls, it incorporates the precision of the work activity, understood under a specific scheme of tasks. This analysis leads to conclude that even with salaries well above the average, the control by tasks shows a notorious gap in salaries and in terms of job creation. At the same time, the KIS sector stands out in the labor demand for positions with greater technological complementarity -intensity in non-routine cognitive tasks- and of professional and technical qualification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the conflictive implementation of freedom of the press in Buenos Aires, after the fall of Rosas' regime. It examines norms and the initiatives to reform them, some trials, government actions, and the debates within the legislature and the press. The study discusses the traditional interpretation according to which, in the province of Buenos Aires, those years were characterized by a wide freedom of expression. It also argues that the difficulties to implement freedom of the press in the 19th century are explained by the tension between the consideration of the press as a pillar of civilized, republican societies and, at the same time, as a corrosive agent of the social and political order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present article contains the conference delivered by Prof. C.J. Rowe at the III International Ancient Philosophy Workshop (Buenos Aires, Argentina). There he exposes the main guidelines of the forthcoming edition of Aristotle's Eudemian Ethics which he has prepared for the Scriptorum Classicorum Bibliotheca Oxoniensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to reflect upon the possible effects of the "new" habitat policies, implemented in Argentina in the neo-developmentalist period, on social inclusion and access to the city. The program that led to the building of the urban complex Padre Mugica represents a paradigmatic case. It allows measuring the impacts of the actions of the State through programs oriented towards social inclusion that aim to solve the housing and employment deficit. An analysis that retraces the design, management and implementation of the Padre Mugica urban complex has allowed us to problematize the existence of a break between the logic of traditional and new social housing policies, as well as understand some of its effects on the territory and on the levels of welfare and social integration of targeted households. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how the new waste management is set in public agenda in the case of the city of La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires. We analyze in what extent this new agenda is implemented, delving into the reasons. A case analysis is developed using qualitative methodology, a documental and bibiliographic review. The inscription of Integrated Waste Management in the public agenda is explained by new laws; specific action collective patrons and their link with justice; as by new spaces that local government generated. However, while implemented reform shows an imminent closing of the landfill in Ensenada, it is no clear that the model that regulations establish would be adopted in a comprehensive and systematically way, in a context in which different actors behave strategically to resist change process and management is complex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the second half of the 18th century the city of Buenos Aires experienced a rapid growth in demographic and political terms that triggered a process of diversification of the spaces of the city. In 1790 the construction of a bullring in the neighborhood of Montserrat began. However, its location unleashed discussions among political actors of the time about the show and its role in social control. At the same time the residents of the square were involved in the conflict because of the negative impact that the bulls hauled to the neighborhood. The aim of this paper is to analyze the site of the Circus of bulls and the conflicts generated, to rethink the issues arising from the political, economic and demographic growth of the city from the perspective of Recreational and socio-political function and incorporate the spatial variable to the political and economic discussions of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to integrate mobility as across component of the management of specific public actions. The case of study concerns the public health services in Argentina, and mother's mobility conditions in the suburban of the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area. In terms of methodology, the paper working on the concept of access trying to identify, measure and evaluate the relationship between mobility conditions and maternal health care. Access is weighted according to the realization of health services, and not according to the arrival at the places where they are offers. The result is innovative empirical evidence, useful as an indicator to make more relevant the role of mobility within the public agenda of transport and others specific sectors, asa basic social right behind the access that requires coordinated actions and cross-sectoral approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to share some similarities about what children and young people obtain from work and school. The main protagonists in the research are children and young people who try to cope with two activities: school learning and work. The objective of this paper is two-fold: on the one hand, to make visible child and adolescent work in our region, since there is not a symbolic or social recognition of it, neither from the school sector nor from people in general and, on the other hand, to show that the school/work relation is a complex one: working children have to deal with different situations in order to keep up schooling: absences, late arrivals, tiredness, temporary desertion, promotion failure, lack of time to study and do homework. These students do not get special attention from their families, the state or the school system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper argues that the global economy has produced changes in the hierarchical configuration of urban systems. The emerging organization tends to be more open and set up more horizontal relations among cities. There are some evidences that indicate the relative insertion of the main Latin-American cities in global networks. The paper shows the empirical evidence available to Latin-American cities and, specially, related to the Argentine case. It evaluates the tension between the historically forged trend toward geographic concentration of population and economic activities in the metropolis of Buenos Aires and other somewhat more recent trends towards dispersion, emphasizing the role of intermediate cities. The paper concludes reflecting on the importance of flows between cities, the patterns of spatial dependency between them and the role of public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the implications of the theoretical approach we choose to analyze the discourses of stakeholders in qualitative fieldwork. As part of this reflection I tackled the theoretical assumptions behind "action" versus "experience articulation" analytical traditions. The evidence presented was collected from 2004 to 2014 while accompanying the design, construction and management of a "social plant" for residues classification placed on "Reconquista Area", in northeast of Great Buenos Aires. Along this decade I combined traditional qualitative approach with action research, which permitted to register the changes and transformations in the discourses about the "social plant". My hypothesis is that these variations can be explained not only by context's fluctuations but transformations in social actor's subjectivities, which are reflected both in their positions among themselves and the narratives about their own stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I propose to address the treatment of international migration by the State. In order to do so, I analyze public policies which do not focus on the subject but which impact strongly on the foreign population. Thus, I seek to shed light on logics which may obviate and/or contradict the ones established in migration laws. Such logics become evident when research is conducted from the social and symbolic margins of the State, working with a broad conceptualization of public policies. I exemplify the contributions made by this perspective with the analysis of four policies implemented by the Government of the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, between 2004 and 2014 in the Parque Indoamericano Villa Soldati, area with one of the highest percentages of migrant population residing in this city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For over a decade, social and political scientists stress the centrality of citizen security policies within the political dynamics of the province of Buenos Aires. In general, the literature emphasizes that the Buenos Aires police is an organization with a high capacity to become autonomous and carry out security policies according to their interests, often illegal and repressive. However, recent research has emphasized the dependence of the police operation of political and social terms. In this context, the aim of the paper is to analyze which actors have the ability to influence the formulation of security policies and how. The central hypothesis of this work consider that governors are the actors with capacities and interests to pursue a policy of security of left or right according to their plan of campaign, which responds to other factors which are not the alleged police interests: mainly the ideology of the national executive and the location of the median voter. The corroboration of this hypothesis instructs on the strategic game behind securities policies and the relative autonomy of the police and the penal system in Argentina. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of the urban space in Buenos Aires features the study of the so called Buenos Aires Metropolitan Region (BAMR) as its privileged unit. This name emerges in 1990's and refers to the acknowledgment of its process of growth beyond which was usually referred to as Gran Buenos Aires. Considering the presence of a multiplicity of dimensions and processes implied in it, the analysis of the BAMR can be problematic. In this sense, we consider that the territorial dimension, since it summarizes the complex relationship between society and nature, plays a key role in order to understand the processes related to this region expansion. So, identifying the categories used for its study becomes central in order to comprehend the main notions that support the interpretations of the territorial metamorphosis. The aim of this paper is to display the diverse perspectives used to identifying the articulations between the multiple processes linked to the region. We hereby distinguish: the analytical categories utilized, the processes which are underlined as determinants of the region's transformations, and the causal relationships established between categories and process by the different authors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The opposition between the categories of shantytown and neighborhood has been crucial in the disciplinary analyses of popular habitat in Argentina. The urbanization of a shantytown in Great Buenos Aires enables us to refresh this discussion, setting the categories into motion. The ethnographic analysis of the category of neighborhood in the urbanization of Villa Torres (La Matanza) will help to explore how this shantytown is constructed as “emblem" for public policies, receiving various resources. In fact, this paper will analyze how the urbanization is legitimized through an image of the neighborhood, of the urbanization and of the people in charge of it as “gente del barrio" [people from the neighborhood] in order to show how local knowledge is implied in this public policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 2000s the literature on clientelism has been revitalized in Argentina. Most approaches are located between positions that privilege one of the following dimensions: (a) the importance of the "problem-solving network" for the urban poor, or (b) the importance of "vote-buying in exchange for personal favors" for the clientelistic party. However, neither of them points out that some local political brokers undertook activities regarding the provision of basic services for the entire community since the 1990s. During the last decade, as a result of a new policy, this process has become more complex and pronounced due to the emergence of new popular organizations funded by publics programs. Some of these organizations have been identified as the seeds of the "piqueteros" movement. However, during this period of time, the literature has not emphasized the work of local actors in terms of the provision of basic services. Utilizing a single-case study focusing on a particular slum, this paper has two goals: (i) to show the importance of the aforementioned local actors in the provision of services; and (ii) to explore the changes they experienced over the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In line with recommendations of the International Energy Agency, Argentina has recently made energy efficiency a national priority. Buenos Aires is committed to various international programs to rationalize the use of energy and tackle growing Climate Change challenges. Initiatives to modify the terms and conditions of energy supply and consumption are appearing at different scales, revealing the precariousness and vulnerability of the whole system. Thus, this paper sheds light on the main drawbacks of Argentine Energy Model and it presents some of the changes taking place regarding these issues. It focuses on strategies and measures promoted to prepare Buenos Aires metropolitan region for critical situations. In general initiatives are implemented individually and they result insufficient to meet the challenges. The continuity of Argentine Energy Model based on the intensive use of fossil fuels that serve infrastructure functioning near its maximum capacity and territories not prepared for potential crises, could explain metropolitan energy system vulnerability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]