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Aims and Objectives: The critical care nursing workforce is in crisis, with one‐third of critical care nurses worldwide intending to leave their roles. This paper aimed to examine the problem from a wellbeing perspective, offering implications for research, and potential solutions for organisations. Design: Discursive/Position paper. Method: The discussion is based on the nursing and wellbeing literature. It is guided by the authors' collaborative expertise as both clinicians and researchers. Data were drawn from nursing and wellbeing peer‐reviewed literature, such as reviews and empirical studies, national surveys and government and thinktank publications/reports. Results: Critical care nurses have been disproportionately affected by the COVID‐19 pandemic with studies consistently showing critical care nurses to have the worst psychological outcomes on wellbeing measures, including depression, burnout and post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These findings are not only concerning for the mental wellbeing of critical care nurses, they also raise significant issues for healthcare systems/organisations: poor wellbeing, increased burnout and PTSD are directly linked with critical care nurses intending to leave the profession. Thus, the wellbeing of critical care nurses must urgently be supported. Resilience has been identified as a protective mechanism against the development of PTSD and burnout, thus offering evidence‐based interventions that address resilience and turnover have much to offer in tackling the workforce crisis. However, turnover data must be collected by studies evaluating resilience interventions, to further support their evidence base. Organisations cannot solely rely on the efficacy of these interventions to address their workforce crisis but must concomitantly engage in organisational change. Conclusions: We conclude that critical care nurses are in urgent need of preventative, evidence‐based wellbeing interventions, and make suggestions for research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Schools, as social infrastructure and an integral part of society, play an essential role in creating the resilience of the community to natural disasters. This study aims to systematically review and identify and categorize the components affecting schools' resilience against emergencies and disasters. Materials and Methods: Without any time limit, we will search the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using the three keywords of "Disaster", "School", "resilience", and their synonyms according to the MeSH website terms defined in the PubMed database. The inclusion criteria will be the articles related to school resilience, schools and emergencies and disasters, and school safety and resistance to threats. There will be no restrictions on the type of documentation, and all articles, books, and conference papers will be evaluated in this study. Search syntax strategies will be defined based on the guidance of each database. The final version of EndNote X8 is used to manage databases, delete duplicate and irrelevant articles, and extract relevant articles. The evaluation and selection of articles are based on the research question and the PRISMA checklist. Dissemination: The results of this systematic review determine appropriate criteria for school resilience, which are valuable for decision-makers and politicians, researchers in the field of education, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Welfare Organization, Red Crescent, and people interested in research in the field of students and schools, especially in the event of emergencies and disasters. Also, according to the criteria extracted from this systematic review, the difference between resilient and non-resilient schools can be shown from an international perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lacustrine environments are considered favorable locations for Neolithic settlements, constituting a reliable year‐round water resource, which contributes to fertile arable land, rich biodiversity, and natural protection. Living by the wetlands, however, is characterized by intensive ecological vulnerabilities, that is, floods and fire events. These recurrent episodes are difficult to trace in the occupation layers since natural processes combined with human activities can form variable mixed microenvironments. Consequently, the direct impact of these events on the biography of the settlement and the decision‐making of its inhabitants is understudied. This paper presents a high‐resolution, microstratigraphic analysis at the Neolithic pile‐dwelling settlement of Dispilio (Kastoria, northern Greece) to trace past ecological threats and unravel the resilience strategies of the lake‐dwellers against the continuously altered microenvironments. By correlating the results with regional environmental and cultural events, this paper questions the role of environmental changes as triggers for cultural modifications and considers a wide range of strategies for coping with wetland hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Offshore wind farms are growing in complexity and size, expanding deeper into maritime environments to capture stronger and steadier wind energy. Like other domains in the energy sector, the wind energy domain is continuing to digitalize its systems by embracing Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), virtualization, and edge computing to monitor and manage its critical infrastructure remotely. Adopting these technologies creates dynamic, scalable, and cost-effective data-acquisition systems. At the heart of these data-acquisition systems is a communication network that facilitates data transfer between communicating nodes. Given the challenges of configuring, managing, and troubleshooting large-scale communication networks, this review paper explores the adoption of the state-of-the-art software-defined networking (SDN) and network function virtualization (NFV) technologies in the design of next-generation offshore wind farm IIoT–Edge communication networks. While SDN and NFV technologies present a promising solution to address the challenges of these large-scale communication networks, this paper discusses the SDN/NFV-related performance, security, reliability, and scalability concerns, highlighting current mitigation strategies. Building on these mitigation strategies, the concept of resilience (that is, the ability to recover from component failures, attacks, and service interruptions) is given special attention. The paper highlights the self-X (self-configuring, self-healing, and self-optimizing) approaches that build resilience in the software-defined IIoT–Edge communication network architectures. These resilience approaches enable the network to autonomously adjust its configuration, self-repair during stochastic failures, and optimize performance in response to changing conditions. The paper concludes that resilient software-defined IIoT–Edge communication networks will play a big role in guaranteeing seamless next-generation offshore wind farm operations by facilitating critical, latency-sensitive data transfers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis commentary brings together thoughts on the papers in this special issue and integrates research on adolescent development, resilence, and positive youth experiences that promote character development. We apply the Protective and Compensatory Experieces (PACEs) framework to the papers in the special issue. We also discuss future directions for research and interventions promoting positive youth development and characters strengths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Business continuity management (BCM) is an analytic process capable of fostering the resilience of critical societal functions. While previous research on BCM primarily has focused on its applications within individual organizations, today's modern society involves networks of interdependent actors collectively delivering these essential functions to end users. This necessitates an expansion of BCM to accommodate a multiactor context. Critical considerations that need to be addressed in multiactor BCM involve shared use of a common, finite resource by several actors, or situations where an alternative continuity solution is relied upon by more than one actor, but its capacity is insufficient for simultaneous use by all. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework for multiactor BCM. The framework expands upon existing ISO 22301 standards to outline how BCM can be approached for the multiactor context. It diverges from the conventional BCM approach conducted by individual actors and embraces a societal safety perspective, facilitating the definition of a common analytic focus and promoting high conceptual harmonization. While acknowledging potential practical barriers, the framework facilitates the connection of BCM efforts from different actors with minimal additional analytic efforts. The overarching goal of the framework is to provide increased understanding of the continuity of the multiactor system, specifically focusing on its ability to deliver the most critical products or services to end users. Based on this understanding, the aim is to identify ways to further improve the continuity, for example by identifying and ranking critical products or services, identifying resources or alternative continuity solutions that many actors depend on in delivering their critical products and services. Finally, the paper addresses lingering challenges and highlights success factors necessary for the effective application of the framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Safety and resilience of learning facilities are critical issues in disaster-prone areas, in which natural hazards can pose significant risks to students, staff, and infrastructures. To address these issues, the SPRINT-Lab researchers at the University of Udine, under the UNESCO umbrella, conceived and developed the Visual Inspections for defining Safety Upgrading Strategies (VISUS) methodology. VISUS consists of visual inspections of school facilities, with the aim of providing decision-makers with evidence-based recommendations for upgrading safety and resilience in learning environments. This paper summarises the key features of the VISUS methodology and illustrates the progression of its application in the last decade, achieved through its implementation in pilot projects promoted by the UNESCO Unit on disaster risk reduction (DRR). In particular, the paper showcases the results achieved from the application of VISUS in various projects worldwide, and provides examples on how these results can be used to support decision-makers in formulating plans and strategies to improve school safety. Furthermore, the paper highlights the knowledge acquired and conclusions drawn from the various VISUS projects and provides insights into the practical implications of its implementation within the UN DRR policies, so as to improve the safety of learning facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the more-than-human politics of a community garden in Rotterdam, as an expression of sustainable and resilient city making. Challenging the anthropocentrism underlying most research on the politics of urban sustainability/resilience and urban gardening, the paper proposes a more-than-human assemblage approach to urban gardening politics. I argue that urban gardens can be understood as more-than-human configurations and conceptualised as urban garden assemblages. Such assemblages are processes with different temporalities and types of agencies (insects, plants, soil and fences) and can be analytically understood as more-than-human: (1) relations and performances; (2) power hierarchies/resistances; and (3) ethical co-becomings. Building on participatory ethnography, interviews and (online) documents, the paper then presents an empirical account of the Gandhi-garden, a community garden in Rotterdam, embedded in the global Transition Towns movement. The empirical case shows how mundane acts of pulling weeds and using permacultural planting methods are more-than-human place-making practices. It also highlights how, for example, human–soil, human–seed and human–bee entanglements challenge urban neoliberalism while gardeners experiment with sustainable food and a non-violent economy. The paper illustrates the ethico-political expressions of more-than-human community gardening through solidarity bonds with Palestine via olive trees and non-violence thinking, as well as some human/non-human ambivalences when dealing with dog waste and potentially harvest-stealing birds. Finally, the paper presents some reflections and contributions regarding scholarship in the fields of urban gardening, and sustainable/resilient city making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the Colonial Period, Maya communities underwent significant social and religious transformations. This paper investigates how the Maya communities of Lamanai, Belize maintained resilience in the 16th century. By examining ethnohistorical and archaeological evidence at Lamanai, especially zoomorphic effigies at two Christian churches, the study demonstrates that resilience was not solely a product of human agency but also arose from engagement with other species and materials. Drawing influence from process philosophy, this paper redefines resilience as a dynamic and creative process encompassing active adaptation, reorganisation, and transformation. It argues that the ability to cross boundaries is essential to resilience. Maya communities were able to transcend the boundaries of properties, entities, realities, and cultures, which enabled them to re-envision their relationships with others and the world. Boundary-crossing allowed them to navigate complex changes with ease and integrate diverse cultural elements into their identity, ultimately fostering resilience in the face of colonial challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the form, function and impact of previous Olympic security arrangements and their intersection with planning practice. Drawing from prior and ongoing empirical research investigating the security practices at summer Olympic Games, the paper argues that wider shifts towards 'total' security models comprising continually reproduced security motifs can be observed that are increasingly standardized, mobile, globalized and planned-in. For most Olympic organizers, preparations now necessarily include attempts to equate spectacle with safety and to 'design-out' terrorism by relying on highly militarized tactics and expensive and detailed contingency planning. Such securitizing practices have intensified in form and scale since 9/11, with such intensification set to continue at the XXXIII Olympiad in Paris, where a vast security infrastructure is being embedded into the large-scale and long-term master-plans for the central city. This represents a high point in spatial planning practice through embracing principles of security-by-design where Games-time security infrastructure, whilst providing effective protection, becomes a less visible but permanent, physical legacy that can also contribute to local programmes of regeneration, climate resilience and crime prevention. The paper concludes by reflecting upon what the continual evolution of security infrastructure means for the balancing of planned-in security and spectacle at future Olympiads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms serve as a dynamic platform for diverse missions, including communication relays, search and rescue operations, and environmental monitoring. The success of these operations crucially depends on the resilience of their electrical support systems, especially in terms of battery management. This paper examines the reliability of electrical support for UAV swarms engaged in missions that require prioritization into high and low categories. The paper proposes a dynamic resource allocation strategy that permits the flexible reassignment of drones across different-priority tasks, ensuring continuous operation while optimizing resource use. By leveraging the Markov chain theory, an analytical model for the evaluation of the resilience of the battery management system under different operational scenarios was developed. The paper quantitatively assesses the impact of different operational strategies and battery management approaches on the overall system resilience and mission efficacy. This approach aims to ensure uninterrupted service delivery for critical tasks while optimizing the overall utilization of available electrical resources. Through modeling and analytical evaluations, the paper quantifies the impact of various parameters and operating strategies on overall system resilience and mission availability, considering the utilization strategies of batteries and their reliability and maintenance metrics. The developed models and strategies can inform the development of robust battery management protocols, resource allocation algorithms, and mission planning frameworks, ultimately enhancing the operational availability and effectiveness of UAV swarms in critical special missions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Growing consumer and government awareness of environmental and social issues has been pushing companies to adopt more sustainable practices. In addition, due to the uncertainty characteristic of today’s competitive environment, companies must deal with disruptions efficiently. Sustainability and resilience thus become two crucial considerations in the decision-making process of managers. Despite this, when looking at some classes of problems in literature, cost is still the most, or even the only, objective addressed. This paper proposes a new multi-objective Capacitated Location-Routing Problem (CLRP) which may help decision-makers analyze the impact of considering sustainability and resilience concerns on location and distribution decisions. Design/methodology/approach: A multi-objective CLRP is addressed with the following objectives: minimization of the logistics network total cost, minimization of the environmental impact of CO2 emissions, and maximization of the resilience of the distribution network. Aiming to explore the effect that designing a more sustainable and resilient distribution network can have on its operating costs, the ε-constraint method is applied to solve a set of instances based on real-world data. Findings: Results show that when prioritizing emissions minimization, more vehicles carrying smaller payloads are generally used. Additionally, these solutions are not necessarily associated with shorter travel distances, underlining the influence of factors such as load and vehicle speed on fuel consumption. When focusing on maximizing network resilience usually a greater number of vehicles and facilities are used. Furthermore, findings suggest that costs are more sensitive to improvements in CO2 emissions compared to resilience. Originality/value: This paper is an exploratory study addressing a new CLRP which, besides the usual cost objective, considers sustainability and resilience as objectives. The paper evaluates the sensitivity of logistics networks cost to the improvement of their resilience and sustainability. A new multi-objective formulation is proposed and tested in instances based on real-world data. The paper may provide important managerial insights for designing sustainable and resilient logistics networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing global uncertainty has become a key issue for major projects with longer lead-in, delivery, and projected serviceability timeframes. Future-proofing seeks to ensure that systems are both resilient to unexpected events and adaptive to the ever-changing needs required of an uncertain future. Future-proofing seeks to offer improved sustainability and value. This paper views future-proofing as requiring sufficient requisite variety to deliver ongoing capability for value sustainment. The concepts of future-proofing and changeability are identified in this paper and how they interlink with the systems acquisition lifecycle. These are highlighted to demonstrate how early cost trade-off decisions impact future-proofing options, and thereby the through-life value of the acquisition. Methods for future-proofing assessment will cover the probability of future threats, the probability of future systems developments, and the use of options to drive acquisition trade-off decisions. This paper contributes to the discussion of an acquisition framework for design evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The criminalization of young women in care remains an important practice and policy issue in England despite 2018 national guidance and the subsequent development of local authority protocols to reduce the criminalization of care‐experienced young people. This paper contributes to the emerging research on young women whose behaviour challenges professionals, through secondary analysis of case file data and narrative interviews with 24 care‐experienced young women from a national project on care and offending. Analysis focused on young women's pathways through the care, justice and education systems and identified five domains within young women's lives where available risk or resilience factors were significant in directing young women towards prosocial opportunities, to new types of victimization or to criminalization and offending. These domains consisted of placements and caregiver relationships; partner relationships; pregnancy and motherhood; participation in education; and the transition to adulthood through leaving care. The paper concludes with implications for practice for professionals working with young women, in particular emphasizing that how the care, justice and education systems respond to young women can contribute to negative pathways or transform them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background This paper presents the results of a systematic review to identify practical strategies to create the institutions, skills, values, and norms that will improve health systems resilience. Methods A PRISMA 2020 compliant systematic review identified peer-reviewed and gray literature on practical strategies to make health systems more resilient. Investigators screened 970 papers to identify 65 English language papers published since 2015. Results Practical strategies focus efforts on system changes to improve a health system’s resilience components of collective knowing, collective thinking, and collaborative doing. The most helpful studies identified potential lead organizations to serve as the stewards of resilience improvement, and these were commonly in national and local departments of public health. Papers on practical strategies suggested possible measurement tools to benchmark resilience components in efforts to focus on performance improvement and ways to sustain their use. Essential Public Health Function (EPHF) measurement and improvement tools are well-aligned to the resilience agenda. The field of health systems resilience lacks empirical trials linking resilience improvement interventions to outcomes. Conclusions The rigorous assessment of practical strategies to improve resilience based on cycles of measurement should be a high priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Negligible attention has been given to how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted upon social and economic attributes of rural and island (R&I) places. The paper considers impacts of COVID-19 on the resilience of Scottish R&I communities during the crisis or emergency stage of the pandemic and then after its shift to what may be described as an everyday disruption, suggesting ways that communities could transition to a resilient future in a post-COVID world. The paper's longitudinal, qualitative, Scotland-wide, and holistic assessment of community change and responses represents a novel approach to exploring the impacts of the pandemic on resilience between 2020 and 2022. It allows greater understanding to be gained about both the pandemic's impacts on socio-economic aspects of Scottish R&I communities and the implications for transitioning to a more resilient post COVID-19 rural world. The paper reports that, when those who participated in the research discussed transitioning to a new future for R&I places, their thoughts about how it should change altered over time. Specifically, by addressing dual discourses of emergency and everyday resilience, the paper identifies how the impacts of COVID-19 affected resilience during different stages of the pandemic and what might be learned about ongoing resilience in R&I communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This theme section editorial introduction presents a collection of papers brought together under the heading Rural transformations, rural futures. The papers are elaborations of work presented at a European Society for Rural Sociology 'satellite event' entitled Transitioning Rural Futures. Contributions to the theme section add to the emerging corpus of work that examines potentially transformative immediate and medium-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on rural areas, and also speak to other 'grand challenges' likely to transform rural places and shape rural futures: specifically, resilience, digitalisation, wellbeing, socio-economic inequalities, shifting rural policy landscapes and impacts of transnational economic events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our research documents the experiences of business crisis management in wartime Ukraine. The goal of the paper is to contribute to our understanding of business crisis management in a conflict zone in wartime conditions, a significantly underresearched area. Based on interviews with the owners and managers of 20 Ukrainian companies spanning sectors and geography of the country, the paper provides insights into the various elements that characterize and distinguish war as a crisis type, including having an unknown end point, and, furthermore, what we can learn from how Ukrainian managers have approached this crisis. Among the key findings are how war situations appear to be "cosmology episodes" for which it is not possible to adequately prepare and for which the end point is unknown, both of which call for emergent, adaptive crisis management capabilities and leadership skills characterized by improvisation and other forms of resilience. Notwithstanding this, company wartime crisis management experiences have stimulated intention to more structured anticipatory and preparedness practices, as well as narratives of future renewal in communications with staff and stakeholders, which serve both as a guidepost and coping mechanism during the current crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review paper addresses the importance of increasing agrobiodiversity to cope with climate change and, at the same time, providing a sufficient amount of healthy food. This is in agreement with the messages from ecology and medicine indicating the advantages of biodiversity in general and agrobiodiversity in particular for the planet and for our health. Plant breeding is considered to be one of the causes of the decline in agrobiodiversity, and therefore, this paper illustrates alternatives to the commonly used approach based on centralized selection. The first alternative is decentralized participatory breeding, which adapts crops to both different agronomic environments and client preferences, representing an "option by context" model of research. The second alternative is evolutionary breeding, which is a more dynamic strategy than participatory plant breeding because it merges the advantages of decentralization with the ability of dynamic mixtures and evolutionary populations to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses and evolve, thus adapting to climate change and to the associated changes in the spectrum of pests. A crop capable of evolving as the environment around it evolves appears to be the most ideal way of responding to climate change and increasing agricultural biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite advances in HIV-treatment, adolescents and young adults (AYA) with HIV (AYAHIV) face myriad challenges. They are less likely than children and older adults to be virally suppressed and are at higher risk for mental health conditions compared to their peers who do not have HIV. AYA are also developing in the context of numerous biomedical, neurocognitive, and psychosocial developmental changes. Normative challenges during this time can be exacerbated by HIV and can result in significant physical and mental health problems. Yet, many AYAHIV have shown resilience with positive assets and resources and few health or mental health problems. Historically research has had a risk-focused approach to understanding AYAHIV needs. This paper discusses the rationale for a shift from a risk-focused only approach to one that examines AYAHIV needs from both a risk and resilience perspective. This paper presents: (1) epidemiological data on AYAHIV; (2) conceptual models for understanding both risk (e.g., poverty, stress, trauma, limited resources) and resilience/protective factors (e.g., family and peer support, future orientation, problem-solving skills); (3) global data examining risk and protective factors for physical and mental health challenges; and (4) promising interventions that incorporate elements of resilience to improve overall outcomes among AYAHIV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children’s sense of place is important for wellbeing, development and belonging in a community or place. The VIP-CLEAR (Voices in a Pandemic – Children’s Lockdown Experiences Applied to Recovery) project used creative methods and repeat engagement to capture children’s experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic in socially disadvantaged, urban settings, in Bristol, UK. This paper focuses on findings from the two-phased ‘deep mapping’ activity conducted in schools with 6–11-year-olds to consider children’s sense of place at this time. Children’s maps showed how their mobility was restricted to the home and/or adult-controlled, looped routes for functional tasks rather than child-directed exploration. Key locations - including school, family houses, and parks - were disconnected and highlighted as sites of ‘absence’, where children were excluded. These places were given meaning due to pre-COVID practice, sensory experience, and/or their relationship with valued people. As pandemic mitigation relaxed, children’s maps showed increasing connections and greater visibility of the community and non-essential activities. As places changed, the amplification of existing social inequalities became apparent. In both phases, sense of place evolved and digital and natural spaces (through animals) showed potential for children to increase practice and connections with place. A strong sense of place may support adaptation to change, and this paper contributes to limited research on how children’s sense of place is dynamic, altering with fluctuating social and environmental conditions, e.g. mitigation of a global pandemic. The implications of findings on future recovery planning involving children are also considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the Positive Energy District Database (PED DB), a pivotal web tool developed collaboratively by the COST Action 'PED-EU-NET', in alignment with international initiatives such as JPI Urban Europe and IEA EBC Annex 83. The PED DB represents a crucial step towards sharing knowledge, promoting collaboration, reinforcing decision-making, and advancing the understanding of Positive Energy Districts (PEDs) in the pursuit of sustainable urban environments. The PED DB aims to comprehensively map and disseminate information on PEDs across Europe, serving as a dynamic resource for sustainable urban development according to the objective of making the EU climate-neutral by 2050. Indeed, PEDs imply an integrated approach for designing urban areas—the districts—where a cluster of interconnected buildings and energy communities produce net zero greenhouse gas emissions, managing an annual local/regional overflow production of renewable energy. The paper describes the collaborative step-by-step process leading to the PED DB implementation, the current results and potentials of the online platform, and introduces its future developments towards a more user-friendly and stakeholders-tailored tool. The interactive web map offers a customizable visualizations and filters on multiple information related to PED case studies, PED-relevant cases, and PED Labs. Users can access detailed information through a table view, facilitating comparisons across different PED projects and their implementation phase. The paper offers insights and detailed analysis from the initial dataset that includes 23 PED cases and 7 PED-related projects from 13 European countries, highlighting the key characteristics of surveyed PEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a city where violence against women is an everyday reality and a highly contested subject, gendered claims to the city are also fraught with possibilities and problems. This paper evaluates some of these issues through speech act and resilience of young, unmarried, middle-class women in Delhi, India. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this paper explores how these women navigate public spaces, respond to violence and fear, and claim their rights to the city. I argue that these women's speech act and resilience are forms of everyday resistance to the violent gender order in the city. The paper also demonstrates that violence, fear, speech act and resilience are interlaced into women's everyday lives. In turn, I argue, the divide between gendered violence and women's agency is not discreet spaces but are relationally produced in a city where pluralities, contradictions, and contestations are embodied realities for women. Speech act and resilience thus provide spaces for meaningful discussions on how women (re)articulate their place in the city amidst gendered violence and fear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a method that utilizes graph theory and state modelling algorithms to perform automatic complexity analysis of the architecture of cyber-physical systems (CPS). It describes cyber physical systems risk assessment (CPSRA), a tool to provide automatic decision support for enhancing the overall resilience of CPS architectures often used in critical infrastructures. CPRSA is built to enhance industrial risk assessment and improve the resilience of CPS architecture against malicious attacks on the cyber domain that can affect industrial processes, which is critical in a distributed cyber environment. Such attacks often compromise execution states on physical components and lead to hazards or even disasters through plant malfunction. CPSRA is tested against a real-world testbed model of a large SCADA system that is infused with real-world CVE vulnerabilities in some of its components. The tool creates an isomorphic graph of the CPS process model and uses graph algorithms and network analytics on the model to test cyber-attacks and evaluate attack resilience aspects. The tool's output is then used to pinpoint high-complexity components in terms of influence on the overall CPS architecture and suggest mitigation points for security measure implementation while considering every potential subattack path and subliminal path on the model's attack graph. The paper complements standardized assessment reports and contributes to automatic architecture assessment for critical infrastructure environments and can be used as the basis to model dependencies and threat propagation in larger digital twins, a need outlined in major NIST publications concerning the security of industrial systems that was previously done manually, without automatic insight into state and vulnerability influences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper delves into the potential impacts of the recently published Network and Information Security Directive 2 (NIS2) and Digital Operational Resilience Act (DORA) on EU cybersecurity resilience and cloud adoption. Employing a mixed method of descriptive literature review, narrative review, and thematic synthesis, we explore challenges for implementation, drawing from past data privacy regulations, notably the GDPR, which served as a basis for our analysis and has already significantly affected many organizations. We emphasize the need for efficient software solutions to assist organizations in complying with the new regulations, building upon lessons learned from the GDPR. Cloud service providers and enterprise software vendors are identified as key players to address these challenges. This paper discusses the paradox of organizations' historical reluctance to migrate to the cloud due to data privacy concerns, and how the motivation to comply with recent regulations may now drive increased modern cloud adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars have called for increased attention to the practices through which residents of southern cities create and use infrastructure. The failures and disruptions of many particular artefacts have meant that people often develop multiple ways to access water, electricity, or transportation, even if all of them have limitations. For sanitation, thinking through heterogeneous infrastructure configurations can help us to see connections between toilets, and the reasons for maintaining access to different types of toilets, given their different risks and benefits. In this paper, we focus on plots in Lilongwe with both indoor flush-toilets and backyard latrines, and the lived experiences of people as they navigate choices about the use of these toilets. The presence of on and off-grid toilets is rooted in colonial urban form, yet is perpetuated – and proliferates in new places – as residents face a number of constraints, including most recently recurrent water shortages due to droughts. We consider both how this configuration challenges official imaginaries of urban sanitation, and how it helps residents to address different risks and sanitation needs. Drawing on the experience of Lilongwe, we reflect on what can be learnt from this heterogeneous infrastructural configuration in terms of planning for more resilient water and sanitation services in Global South cities and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While supportive relationships are important for probably everyone and while research indicates that supportive relationships contribute towards improved care-leaving outcomes for young people who grew up in care, there is no research that shows their contribution year by year over the first several years out of care. The aim of this study is to fill this gap, drawing on a sample of 100 residential care-leavers in South Africa, who were followed-up annually for as long as seven years. This paper presents quantitative findings from this study, viz. measures of 13 relational resilience resources just before aging out of care and 19 care-leaving outcomes (such as self-supporting accommodation, criminal activity and well-being) collected annually for up to seven years. Findings show that supportive relationships are particularly influential on care-leaving outcomes over the first three years out of care, and that their impact continues to be evident up to seven years. The study also shows the importance of the relational capacity of young people, such as empathy and teamwork. In light of these findings and other longitudinal studies on the contribution of supportive relationships to adult outcomes, a triangle of support is proposed, involving the relational capacity of young people, the availability of supportive others and the role of formal social services. When these three sides of the triangle operate optimally, sustained resilient outcomes are evident. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ensuring resilience through rapid buildings recovery in seismic zones has been placed at the forefront of recent studies. However, studies that compare the relative resilience of buildings constructed with different materials are lacking. This paper focuses on a comparative resilience analysis of concrete moment frames where beam-column connections are made with varying types of concrete mixtures. The connections are made with normal strength concrete (NSC), rubberized concrete (RbC), steel fiber rubberized concrete (STFRC), synthetic fiber rubberized concrete (SYFRC), and high strength concrete (HSC). Nonlinear static pushover and incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) are utilized to understand system response and the level of damage sustained following an earthquake. Subsequently, seismic fragility functions are constructed for the five considered frame types. The frames are subjected to different seismic scenarios, and the corresponding losses, recovery time, and resilience are quantified. A comparison between the five frame types is carried out to examine the optimal concrete mixture to be used to reduce damage probabilities, total direct losses, and recovery time and subsequently enhance resilience. The results show that rubberized concrete strengthened with steel and synthetic fibers can reduce economic losses by up to 19% and increase building resilience by up to 37% compared with the frames constructed with normal strength concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a review of urban slum and suburban sprawl situations across the world. The article is more descriptive in nature than analytical and has the objective of bringing out the interrelationships among urbanization, urban slums, suburban sprawls, and environmental sustainability. It begins by examining the concepts of urbanization, urban slums, suburban sprawl, safe cities, resilient cities, and sustainable cities. It then goes on to look at the causes and consequences of urban slums and suburban sprawl. Findings from the study revealed that slums and suburban sprawls are cogs in the wheel of safe, resilient, and sustainable cities. Therefore, the study recommends efficient urban management, the implementation of urban master plans, development control, and citizen participation in urban planning and management. Above all, for the achievement of safe, resilient, and sustainable cities, this study places more emphasis on the use of modern techniques of environmental monitoring and management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many scholars, analysts and commentators have noted that the neoliberal conjuncture has seen the rise of a veritable explosion of discourses and theories of resilience. Some regard this discursive and narrative profusion as integral to the ongoing project of a neoliberal 'worlding' that seeks to reconfigure all aspects of human subjectivities and social relations. Meanwhile, the ongoing outpouring of neoliberal discourses and narratives of resilience is accompanied by the expansion of disasterscapes across the planet as we speed apparently toward what the Caribbean scholar Sylvia Wynter calls an 'unparalleled catastrophe for our species'. Some of these expanding disasterscapes are emerging across the terrain of a five-hundred-year history of genocidal and appropriative colonial practices. The people and communities inhabiting these disasterscapes have been struggling to develop counter-praxes of collective cultural resilience and survival in the face of the many catastrophes wrought over the centuries by coloniality. We turn to Wynter's concept of homo narrans to examine Indigenous praxes for the performative enactment of alternative genres of the human that contest the worlding of neoliberal discourses and apparatuses of resilience. Wynter's contributions to the de-universalization and thus relativization of Eurocentric 'Man' aim to make the present proliferation of the genres of humanity, our storytelling species, culturally intelligible in ways that might not only undercut the work done by neoliberal discourses of resilience toward the production of disastrous consequences in places like Guatemala and the obliteration of our capacities to imagine the world otherwise, but perhaps even ward off the potentially impending 'unparalleled catastrophe for our species'. This paper draws on our ongoing research in Guatemala, which involves Indigenous and poor ladino survivors of the 2018 eruption of the Fuego Volcano, as well as survivors of the 2005 landslide that followed Hurricane Stan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of preparing young people for independent adulthood is widely acknowledged in care-leaving literature. Within the residential care setting, child and youth care workers play a crucial role in preparing young people for life after care, by affording them managed opportunities for independence. However, preparation generally receives limited attention in residential care, due to institutional factors that hinder preparation. Research that focuses on the experiences of child and youth care workers who work with children in residential care is also limited, despite their contribution to preparing young people for independent functioning. This paper aims to describe institutional barriers experienced by child and youth care workers in their efforts to afford young people in care, managed opportunities for independence. A qualitative, grounded theory methodology was employed to collect and analyze data. Nine child and youth care workers were purposively sampled from several Child and Youth Care Centres in South Africa. Findings indicate that lack of professional credibility, inadequate mandate, possible negative consequences for child and youth care workers, and funding constraints are barriers to the practice of managed opportunities for independence in residential care. Implications for residential care program and child and youth care practice are set out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Global warming has led to an increase in the number and intensity of extreme heat events, posing a significant threat to the health and safety of workers, especially those working outdoors, as they often have limited access to cooling strategies. The present systematic literature review (a) summarizes the current knowledge on the impacts of climate change on outdoor workers, (b) provides historical background on this issue, (c) explores factors that reduce and increase thermal stress resilience, (d) discusses the heat mitigation strategies, and (e) provides an overview of existing policy and legal frameworks on occupational heat exposure among outdoor workers. Materials and methods: In this systematic review, we searched scientific databases including Scopus (N = 855), Web of Science (N = 828), and PubMed (N = 202). Additionally, we identified relevant studies on climate change and heat-stress control measures through Google Scholar (N = 116) using specific search terms. In total, we monitored 2001 articles pertaining to worker populations (men = 2921; women = 627) in various outdoor climate conditions across 14 countries. After full-text assessment, 55 studies were selected for inclusion, and finally, 29 eligible papers were included for data extraction. Results: Failure to implement effective control strategies for outdoor workers will result in decreased resilience to thermal stress. The findings underscore a lack of awareness regarding certain adaptation strategies and interventions aimed at preventing and enhancing resilience to the impact of climate change on heat stress prevalence among workers in outdoor tropical and subtropical environments. However, attractive alternative solutions from the aspects of economic and ecological sustainability in the overall assessment of heat stress resilience can be referred to acclimatization, shading, optimized clothing properties and planned breaks. Conclusion: The integration of climate change adaptation strategies into occupational health programs can enhance occupational heat resilience among outdoor workers. Conducting cost-benefit evaluations of health and safety measures for thermal stress adaptation strategies among outdoor workers is crucial for professionals and policymakers in low- and middle-income tropical and subtropical countries. In this respect, complementary measures targeting hydration, work-rest regimes, ventilated garments, self-pacing, and mechanization can be adopted to protect outdoor workers. Risk management strategies, adaptive measures, heat risk awareness, practical interventions, training programs, and protective policies should be implemented in hot-dry and hot-humid climates to boost the tolerance and resilience of outdoor workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract\nPoints of InterestThis article analyses the difficulties that 16 graduate with disabilities from 8 Spanish universities in the area of Health Sciences experienced during their academic career. It also shows how they overcame these difficulties, as well as their insight into their own resilience. This qualitative study used semi-structured and individual interviews. The results showed that the difficulties, the strategies to deal with them, and the opinions of the participants about their resilient characteristics are multiple and relate to both external and internal factors. The results reveal that participants’ voices from these Health Sciences degree contain useful strategies for the ­university community to promote the academic success of students with disabilities for the benefit of all students.Healthcare degrees tend to present greater challenges for students with disabilities.Students often experience exclusion during their healthcare training due to the fact that disability is based on a ‘medical’ perspective of disability.This paper analyses the difficulties and coping and resilience strategies used by university students with disabilities with a Bachelor’s degree in Health Sciences to successfully overcome these difficulties.Numerous internal and external factors enable students with disabilities to successfully complete health studies.This study can contribute that including students with disabilities in healthcare degrees improves healthcare improves for vulnerable populations, as well as the relationship between professionals and patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Design Data Sources Review Methods Results Conclusion Impact No Patient or Public Contribution To identify factors associated with resilience in family caregivers of Asian older people with dementia based on Luthar and Cicchetti's definition of resilience.Integrative review of resilience in family caregivers of Asian older people with dementia reported by studies with quantitative and qualitative research designs.Databases used for the literature search included CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Google Scholar.A total of 565 potentially relevant studies published between January 1985 and March 2024 were screened, and 27 articles met the inclusion criteria.Family caregivers were most commonly adult children of care recipients, female and providing care in their home. Two themes emerged from the review: factors associated with adversity (dementia severity, caregiver role strain, stigma, family stress, female gender, low income and low education) and factors associated with positive adaptational outcomes (positive aspect of caregiving, social support and religiosity/spirituality).In our review of Asian research, four new factors—caregiver role strain, stigma, family stress and positive aspects of caregiving—emerged alongside those previously identified in Western studies. A paradigm shift was observed from a focus on factors associated with adversity to factors associated with positive adaptational outcomes, particularly after the issuance of the WHO's 2017 global action plan for dementia. However, a gap remains between WHO policy recommendations and actual research, with studies often neglecting to address gender and socioeconomic factors.The review findings will broaden healthcare providers' understanding of resilience in dementia caregivers and use them to develop comprehensive programmes aimed at reducing factors associated with adversity and enhancing those associated with positive adaptational outcomes. This approach can be customized to incorporate Asian cultural values, empowering caregivers to navigate challenges more effectively.This paper is an integrative review and does not include patient or public contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Burkina Faso has faced a security crisis unlike any other in its history for the past eight years. The government has lost control of up to 35 % of the national territory, and there are as many as two million internally displaced persons living in the big cities. The emblematic figure of Thomas Sankara, Burkina Faso’s president from 1984 to 1987, has soared beyond the local image of the “upright man” (the ideal to which the very name “Burkina Faso” refers) to that of a globally recognised icon of resistance against imperialism. Theatre artists are inspired to create theatrical performances that “represent” (or “face up”) this great figure, as the recent edition of the Ouagadougou-based biannual theatre festival called Les Récréâtrales invited them to do. This paper emphasises theatre’s contribution to efforts of artistic resilience and resistance in Burkina Faso. It addresses the question: How do Burkinabè artists produce acts of artistic resilience through performance? In other words, does the staging proposed by the Burkinabè playwright Aristide Tarnagda carry the seeds of hope for a Burkina Faso entirely liberated from terrorism? The theory of communication developed by J.L. Austin in How to Do Things With Words (1962) and Anne Ubersfeld’s (1982) semiotic analysis theory provide the key critical concepts of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The aims of this study were as follows: (a) to examine the relationship between perceived organizational support and resilience; (b) to investigate the potential mediating role of general self‐efficacy and cognitive reappraisal among emergency nurses who have experienced workplace violence; and (c) to explore the application of Kumpfer's resilience framework to emergency department nurses. Design: A cross‐sectional study. Methods: From February 17, 2021, to March 8, 2021, 825 emergency nurses working in the emergency departments of tertiary hospitals in Shanghai, China, completed an online survey. Data on resilience, organizational support, cognitive reappraisal and general self‐efficacy were collected through questionnaires. The Spearman analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between variables, while the mediation analysis was conducted using AMOS 23.0 statistical software. Results: The findings of a study involving 825 emergency nurses who reported experiencing workplace violence reveal a positive correlation between perceived organizational support and resilience. Additionally, it has been observed that the relationship between these two factors is mediated by both cognitive reappraisal and general self‐efficacy. Furthermore, the mediating effect of cognitive reappraisal is more significant in this relationship. Conclusion: Kumpfer's resilience framework is found to apply to emergency nurses. Perceived organizational support, an environmental factor, affects resilience directly and positively. In addition, cognitive reappraisal and general self‐efficacy, which are individual factors, mediate this influence path. These findings suggest an interaction between environmental and individual factors in determining the resilience of emergency nurses. Impact: These findings have implications for developing resilience intervention strategies for emergency nurses exposed to occupational violence. Enhancing personal attributes such as general self‐efficacy and cognitive reappraisal is as significant as strengthening external organizational support environments for enhancing nurses' resilience. Patient or Public Contribution: Emergency nurses participated in the pilot test of our questionnaire survey and gave their opinions on the questionnaire design. Summary Statement: What is already known about the topic? In emergency rooms, workplace violence is prevalent, and it seriously endangers nurses' physical and mental health. Enhancing resilience can improve nurses' ability to self‐regulate after experiencing violence. However, the drivers and mechanisms of resilience among emergency nurses who have experienced workplace violence remain unidentified. What this paper adds? This study confirms the applicability of Kumpfer's resilience framework to emergency nurses who have experienced workplace violence. Nurses' self‐efficacy and cognitive reappraisal mediate the relationship between perceived organizational support and resilience after exposure to workplace violence. The resilience process for emergency nurses involves the interaction of individual and environmental factors. Implications for practice/policy. Managers and researchers should consider the interaction between individual and environmental factors when developing resilience intervention strategies for emergency nurses who have suffered workplace violence. It is essential to support emergency nurses from the dyadic dimensions of the environment and the individual. A supportive organizational environment and individual positive adjustment strategies are equally important in promoting resilience among nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consequences of periods of austerity, generally connected with economic crises, are not only reflected in the financial performance of local governments but also in the range in which they can face shocks. Monitoring the vulnerability and resilience associated with these shocks and the subsequent impacts on the financial situation of Slovak municipalities points to financial resilience, the ability to be proactive or, on the contrary, to be passive as a reaction to evolving environmental conditions. The paper examines the ability of 2,923 Slovak municipalities in the period 2005 - 2022, according to their size categories, to respond to periods of austerity in the economic reality of the Slovak Republic: The Global Financial Crisis from 2009 and the recent ongoing economic crisis arising from the crisis COVID-19, the subsequent military crisis in Ukraine, and the related energy crisis (multi-crisis). The resilience and vulnerability of Slovak municipalities, considering the size categories, are measured by employing a primary dispersion measure as the standard deviation of six financial indicators mirroring the local government's performance in the form of indexes linked to 2005. The results confirm the vulnerability of Slovak local governments in considered eras of austerity with relevant recovery periods, demonstrating a considerable degree of resilience. Besides, we reveal other structural breaks in the monitored period, which influenced the economic circumstances of Slovak municipalities, too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to foster resilience amongst young people with intellectual disabilities is increasingly recognised within policy. Critically, understanding of the actual means by which this aspiration might be most sensitively and effectively met is considered weak. This paper reports on an exploratory case-study of a social enterprise community café – The Usual Place - that through the promotion of employability, seeks to promote resilience amongst its young 'trainees' with intellectual disabilities. Two research questions were set: " how is 'resilience' conceptualized within the organisation " and " what features within the organisation are significant in fostering resilience"? We identify a range of significant features associated with being able to successfully foster resilience – the need for a foundational 'whole organisation'(settings) approach based on high levels of participation and choice; the negotiation of a constructive dynamic tension between 'support' and 'exposure'; and the embedding of these actions in embodied actions and day-to-day organisational activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Anthropocene, intensifying ecological disturbances pose significant challenges to our predictive capabilities for ecosystem responses. Macroecology—which focuses on emergent statistical patterns in ecological systems—unveils consistent regularities in the organization of biodiversity and ecosystems. These regularities appear in terms of abundance, body size, geographical range, species interaction networks, or the flux of matter and energy. This paper argues for moving beyond qualitative resilience metaphors, such as the 'ball and cup', towards a more quantitative macroecological framework. We suggest a conceptual and theoretical basis for ecological resilience that integrates macroecology with a stochastic diffusion approximation constrained by principles of biological symmetry. This approach provides an alternative novel framework for studying ecological resilience in the Anthropocene. We demonstrate how our framework can effectively quantify the impacts of major disturbances and their extensive ecological ramifications. We further show how biological scaling insights can help quantify the consequences of major disturbances, emphasizing their cascading ecological impacts. The nature of these impacts prompts a re-evaluation of our understanding of resilience. Emphasis on regularities of ecological assemblages can help illuminate resilience dynamics and offer a novel basis to predict and manage the impacts of disturbance in the Anthropocene more efficiently. This article is part of the theme issue 'Ecological novelty and planetary stewardship: biodiversity dynamics in a transforming biosphere'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we explore the price dynamics of 16 representative records of USA Education Group stocks, encompassing two non-overlapping periods (before, during, and after COVID-19). Based on information theory and cluster analysis techniques, our study provides insights into disorder, predictability, efficiency, similarity, and resilience/weakness, considering the most diverse financial stakeholders. Our findings contribute significantly to understanding price dynamics in the education sector, encompassing non-crisis and crisis periods, and provide valuable information for financial risk management, highlighting the importance of considering financial assets’ efficiency and resilience/weakness during economic turbulence, such as the COVID-19 crisis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high turnover among professionals in residential child care is a problematic development. One attempt to explain the departure of professionals from residential child care is the concept of resilience. The authors surveyed former and current professionals (n = 1158) using a standardized resilience questionnaire. The paper addresses the questions of how resilient professionals in residential child care are (compared to the general population) and whether lower resilience is responsible for professionals leaving residential child care. We examine the extent to which the resilience facets (individual, organizational resilience, and team resilience) individually impact the decision to leave residential child care. The results show that particularly high team resilience counteracts the departure of professionals from residential child care, while individual and organizational resilience do not exert a significant influence on the decision to stay in residential child care. Initial implications for innovation management in residential child care with regard to strengthening team resilience and organizational resilience will be discussed in conclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microgrids (MGs) have evolved as critical components of modern energy distribution networks, providing increased dependability, efficiency, and sustainability. Effective control strategies are essential for optimizing MG operation and maintaining stability in the face of changing environmental and load conditions. Traditional rule-based control systems are extensively used due to their interpretability and simplicity. However, these strategies frequently lack the flexibility for complex and changing system dynamics. This paper provides a novel method called hybrid intelligent control for adaptive MG that integrates basic rule-based control and deep learning techniques, including gated recurrent units (GRUs), basic recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and long short-term memory (LSTM). The main target of this hybrid approach is to improve MG management performance by combining the strengths of basic rule-based systems and deep learning techniques. These deep learning techniques readily enhance and adapt control decisions based on historical data and domain-specific rules, leading to increasing system efficiency, stability, and resilience in adaptive MG. Our results show that the proposed method optimizes MG operation, especially under demanding conditions such as variable renewable energy supply and unanticipated load fluctuations. This study investigates special RNN architectures and hyperparameter optimization techniques with the aim of predicting power consumption and generation within the adaptive MG system. Our promising results show the highest-performing models indicating high accuracy and efficiency in power prediction. The finest-performing model accomplishes an R 2 value close to 1, representing a strong correlation between predicted and actual power values. Specifically, the best model achieved an R 2 value of 0.999809, an MSE of 0.000002, and an MAE of 0.000831. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates whether religion as an important feature of culture affects the formation of personal and social resilience, thus becoming a developmental factor. A questionnaire surveying a sample of 100 rural residents in the Łowicz Diocese in Poland showed that religion was still 'going strong', being an enduring element of national and local culture. The results from this Polish Catholic region undermine prevailing secularisation theories. The research shows that faith provides a significantly positive strength needed to cope with daily life, as well as during crisis situations. It enables people not only to 'survive' but also to 'live well and creatively'. It supplies needed continuity and enhances community solidarities. By consolidating resilience, religion gives people's lives meaning, and augments subjective senses of wellbeing. As a source of social capital, religion mobilises people into joint activities for the parish and local community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U.S. service members are at an enhanced risk for developing mental disorders. To address these challenges, while promoting operational readiness and improving mental health outcomes, the Department of Defense directed each service component to develop and implement universal resilience enhancing programs. This paper provides a review of theoretical approaches conceptualizing resilience to trauma, including the theoretical foundations of programs currently in place. The resilience programs of U.S. Army, U.S. Air Force, U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps are described, and available program effectiveness data are reviewed. Gaps between theory and practice are identified and an alternative method of assessing psychological readiness in Army units that is informed by resilience theory is offered as one way to address these gaps and scientific concerns. By comprehensively assessing the stressors affecting Soldiers at regular intervals, military leaders may be able to better identify and mitigate stressors in a systematic way that bolsters individual and unit psychological fitness. An enhanced psychological readiness metric stands to strengthen the validity of current resilience programs, bring clarity to the mechanisms of resilience, and provide a novel way for leaders to promote readiness in their units. Application of this metric within the infrastructure of existing reporting systems stands to improve mental health outcomes for Service Members, enhance the psychological readiness of the force, and reduce healthcare costs over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasingly complex and unpredictable personnel and operational demands require Special Operations Forces (SOF) members and their families to remain flexible, adaptive, and resilient within ever-changing circumstances. To mitigate the impact of these stressors on psychological health and fitness, researchers and educators at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) developed Special Operations Cognitive Agility Training (SOCAT), a cognitive performance optimization program supported by the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM) Preservation of the Force and Family (POTFF). The goal of SOCAT is to enhance cognitive agility, defined as the ability to deliberately adapt cognitive processing strategies in accordance with dynamic shifts in situational and environmental demands, in order to facilitate decision making and adapt to change. Overall, SOCAT emphasizes optimal cognitive performance across different contexts – as well as across various stages of the military lifecycle – to serve as a buffer against biopsychosocial vulnerabilities, environmental and social stressors, military operational demands, and behavioral health problems, including suicide. This paper reviews foundational research behind SOCAT, mechanisms through which SOCAT is anticipated to build psychological resilience, and describes the process of developing and tailoring SOCAT for active duty SOF members and spouses. Limitations and future directions, including an ongoing, randomized controlled program evaluation, are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The war in Ukraine has highlighted that the stability of the epistemic communities is not immune to the disruptions caused by international conflicts. This paper explores why some epistemic communities (ECs) continue to function with little change, some adapt, and some cease to exist in times of disruption. It also explores different factors that might explain their resilience to such shocks, thereby shedding light on resilience capacities among these communities. We review case studies of three ECs: the European Space Agency (ESA), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), and the Arctic Council (AC). The results of this study contribute to our understanding of the possible ways of conceiving the epistemic communities differently than we had in the past, in light of disruptions caused by the war in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea defence policy in England has proven contentious in the early twenty-first century, with government willing to defend the coast only where it is considered cost effective and not minded to compensate people for any resulting abandonment of homes. Additional focus is brought to this position by the 2015 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which reflect a growing emphasis on climate change effects and other environmental hazards, and the wellbeing of the current generation and those to come. This requires policy makers to seek to balance economic, social and environmental dimensions, and to tackle inequalities; with a central commitment of the goals to "leave no one behind". Subsequent to publication of the SDGs, England was promised a revolution in the government's approach to Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management (FCERM). This paper seeks to understand the nature of this revolution with particular regard to extant issues around just governance. It finds that policy fails to deal with issues over the local acceptability of proposals for change and the bearing of risk, and instead lies principally in the elevation of the problematic concept of resilience and an accompanying ambivalence towards ideas of sustainability and sustainable development. International agreement that compensation should be paid to those countries suffering the worst effects of climate change, including sea level rise, suggests that adoption of a similar approach to vulnerable homeowners might be the more appropriate revolution and bring policy more into line with the aspirations of the SDGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Health Organization reveals that pediatric burns represent a large portion of burns globally (61). Increases in survival rates have guided clinical and research focus on physical, psychological, and social outcomes. Research on other childhood illnesses has shown the efficacy of social support throughout recovery. In the pediatric burn literature, studies have shown the efficacy of burn camps for promoting positive interactions among survivors, learning coping skills, and facilitating socialization and reintegration. However, few studies have focused on the benefits of peer support for pediatric burn survivors and their caregivers in the inpatient and outpatient phases of recovery. This descriptive paper identifies options for building resilience for pediatric burn survivors through peer support in the inpatient and outpatient phases of recovery. The authors discuss options for providing peer support during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on the pediatric intensive care unit, general pediatric floor, and outpatient setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquakes have caused catastrophic results in cities since the beginning of settled life, and the cumulative experience of these events has indicated that the lack of seismic resilience brings enormous economic losses and threatens human life. Consequently, the importance of seismic risk mitigation of earthquake-prone structures has arisen to reduce the primary and secondary losses resulting from seismic events in the last decades as developments in the earthquake engineering field occur. The first step for ensuring seismic resilience is the identification of risky buildings, which is a difficult challenge for metropolises like Istanbul since the building stock consists of over a million buildings. Applying code-based detailed assessments to so many buildings is not practical in terms of time and cost. Moreover, the current code-based detailed assessment methodologies such as Provisions for the Seismic Risk Evaluation of Existing Buildings under Urban Renewal Law (2019) and Turkish Building Earthquake Code (2018) provide discrete predictions for existing buildings as either risky or non-risky or satisfying life safety/controlled damage or not. However, a ranking system based on a reliable and realistic risk classification to prioritize the buildings is needed. Therefore, as a pilot project, nearly 23,000 reinforced concrete buildings in 37 different districts of Istanbul have been investigated by Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) through PERA2019 performance-based rapid assessment methodology by considering the Design Level and Scenario-Based Earthquake cases. This is the most up-to-date and comprehensive site survey and analysis conducted in Istanbul up to now. In this paper, the characteristics of the building stock in Istanbul based on the conducted site work and the outcomes of the rapid seismic safety assessment efforts are summarized. Then, a discussion on the seismic risk evaluation of the existing residential buildings based on the prioritization of the examined buildings is presented through the results obtained for the Design Level and Scenario-Based Earthquake cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]