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Background: More than 90% of pediatric patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) in the United States are evaluated and treated in community‐based EDs. Recent evidence suggests that mortality outcomes may be worse for critically ill pediatric patients treated at community EDs. The disparate mortality outcomes may be due to inconsistency in pediatric‐specific education provided to emergency medicine (EM) trainees during residency training. There are few studies surveying recently graduated EM physicians assessing perceived gaps in the pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) education they received during residency. Methods: This was a prospective, survey‐based, descriptive cohort study of EM residency graduates from 10 institutions across the United States who were <5 years out from residency training. Deidentified surveys were distributed via email. Results: A total of 222 responses were obtained from 570 eligible participants (39.1%). Non‐ED pediatric rotations during residency training included pediatric intensive care (60%), pediatric anesthesia (32.4%), neonatal intensive care unit (26.1%), and pediatric wards (17.1%). A large percentage (42.8%) of respondents felt uncomfortable managing neonates and performing tube thoracostomy on pediatric patients (56.3%). The EM graduate's satisfaction with pediatric simulation–based training during residency was positively associated with comfort caring for neonates and infants (p < 0.0070 and p < 0.0002) and performing endotracheal intubation (p < 0.0027), lumbar puncture (p < 0.0004), and Pediatric Advanced Life Support resuscitation (p < 0.0001). Conclusions/discussion: This survey‐based cohort study found considerable variation in pediatric‐specific experiences during EM residency training and in perceived comfort managing pediatric patients. In general, participants were more comfortable managing older children. This study suggests that the greatest perceived knowledge gaps in PEM were neonatal medicine/resuscitation and pediatric cardiac arrest. Future research will continue to address larger cohorts, representative of the PEM education provided to EM physicians in the United States to promote future educational initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we provide a response to Teun van Dijk's criticism of the framing perspective on social movements, as expressed in his article 'Analyzing Frame Analysis. A Critical Review of Framing Studies in Social Movement Research'. We argue that a more constructive tone is warranted and explain how his criticism is largely based on a selective reading and misinterpretation of the vast literature on framing and social movements. We provide a more detailed explanation of how discourse and related concepts such as schema and ideology are discussed by social movement scholars and critically reflect on his claim that framing as a concept can rather be replaced by discourse and/or various other cognitive/psychological constructs. Finally, we suggest how a discourse perspective and insights from social movement framing can be complementary in increasing our understanding of how movements (and other actors) communicate and with what consequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In this paper, we describe an ultrasensitive differential capacitive dilatometer (ΔL/L ~ 10−9) and novel ratiometric measurement method in the temperature range of 1.9 K < T < 400 K for the investigation of thermal expansion and magnetostriction of single crystal as well as polycrystalline samples. The dilatometer provides a capacitive measurement based on a differential capacitance or the capacitance ratio measured between two parallel plate capacitors of the dilatometer. In this regard, an absolute capacitance bridge is not required, and even more advantageously, the effect of adsorbed gas on the capacitor plates is greatly reduced compared to conventional dilatometers. The differential capacitive dilatometer provides a symmetrical configuration which reduces the effect of temperature gradients. The capabilities of the dilatometer are demonstrated by the measurement of magnetic ordering of a URu2Si2 sample, and of de Haas–van Alphen oscillations in an aluminum sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ticks are among the most significant human-biting ectoparasites and they play a major role in transmission of many pathogenic agents to humans. In the present study, three species of Hyalomma ticks, Hyalomma aegyptium, H. marginatum and H. excavatum, were examined for the presence of zoonotic bacteria, both male and female ticks alike. Examination of microbial diversity with tag-encoded pyrosequencing indicates that H. marginatum and H. excavatum were more diversity rich than H. aegyptium. Although numerous pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacterial genera were detected, including Acidovorax, Bacillus, Bacteroides, Bdellovibrio, Clostridium, Curvibacter, Escherichia, Flavobacterium, Limnohabitans, Paenibacillus, Ralstonia, Sarcina, Sediminibacterium, Segetibacter Stenotrophomonas and Variovorax, the predominant zoonotic bacteria represented in these ticks were genera Borrelia, Francisella, and Rickettsia. To the authors' knowledge, this work represents the first detection of Yersinia enterocolitica in the tick H. excavatum, raising questions regarding the vector competency of this tick, as well as associations of different disease representations perhaps through previously unforeseen routes of pathogen introduction. Likewise, similar questions are related to the presence of Legionella pneumophila in one H. excavatum sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Entrepreneurship is known as a legitimate academic discipline and significant contributor to economic development. Eastern Kentucky is known for its high levels of poverty and unemployment. This research examines the entrepreneurial attitudes of high school seniors and their preferences to remain in or leave Eastern Kentucky. Findings indicate few students scored in the high level of enterprising tendency and the entrepreneurial characteristics of need for achievement, calculated risk-taking, and creative tendency. Findings also indicate those with a high level of enterprising tendency are more likely to leave Eastern Kentucky for education and career with no intention of returning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of the Pueblo of Pecos in New Mexico that was abandoned by the descendants of the last Pecos people from 1838 to 1840 and the migration of the Pecos people to the Pueblo of Jemez.

Thermal expansion, electrical resistivity, magnetization, and specific heat measurements were performed on URu2-xFexSi2 single crystals for various values of Fe concentration x in both the hidden-order (HO) and large-moment antiferromagnetic (LMAFM) regions of the phase diagram. Our results show that the paramagnetic (PM) to HO and LMAFM phase transitions are manifested differently in the thermal expansion coefficient. The uniaxial pressure derivatives of the HO/LMAFM transition temperature T0 change dramatically when crossing from the HO to the LMAFM phase. The energy gap also changes consistently when crossing the phase boundary. In addition, for Fe concentrations at xc ≋ 0.1, we observe two features in the thermal expansion upon cooling, one that appears to be associated with the transition from the PM to the HO phase and another one at lower temperature that may be due to the transition from the HO to the LMAFM phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This synthesis report describes a thorough analysis of primary professional development school (PDS) research in an effort to reveal reasonable PDS outcome claims as well as the strength of evidence that is in place to support these claims. The authors found reasonable evidence that support five claims: 1) PDS experiences encourage greater professional confidence in teaching candidates, 2) PDS experiences improve preservice teachers' perceptions of themselves as eventual professionals, 3) PDS experiences result in teaching candidates with more demonstrable teaching skills, 4) PDS experiences encourage improved quality and/or frequency of formative assessment for teaching candidates, and 5) PDS experiences improve host teachers' teaching practice. The authors also identify a list of emerging outcomes, a discussion of the nature of PDS interventions and research, and recommendations for improving the evidentiary quality of future PDS research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kiva is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The principal aim of this study was to evaluate pre-schoolers’ expressive intonation in light of current debates about the underlying nature of language impairment (LI). Children with LI typically have deficits in grammar, a component of language that is phonologically represented on the segmental level. The hypothesis is that children with LI do not have deficits of this type when grammar is conveyed by intonation, a pitch-based component of language that is phonologically represented on the suprasegmental level. This study focused on the richly diversified suprasegmental patterns of sentences in which the speaker produces a series of items in a list. To address the hypothesis, list intonation in the speech of 4-year-olds with and without LI was acoustically analysed. Lists produced by children with LI were comparable to those produced by children with normal language development (NL). The results do not support the claim that LI stems from a poor understanding of grammatical principles. Rather, LI reflects an underlying impairment of segmental information processing. The discussion focuses on two characteristics of pitch contours which may account for the resilience of intonation in children with LI. Namely, steady state versus transient signals and universal symbol meanings versus arbitrary relationships between form and function. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose -- We explore: (1) the effects of work unit pressure on employees' satisfaction with work-family balance (S-WFB); (2) the effects of individual-level job and family pressures on S-WFB; and (3) the extent to which schedule control moderates the negative influences of work unit pressure and other demands on employee S- WFB - among employees in a large healthcare system. Methodology -- The data come from employee responses to the baseline survey fn = 3,950) administered in September 2012, and from administrative unit-level data (445 units) showing the extent to which units were "on-budget" (within 5 percent), "over-budget," or "under-budget." Findings -- Practices associated with cost containment in a healthcare system of 10,000 employees in the United States appear to have a negative impact on employee S-WFB. Working in a unit that is "underbudget" is negatively associated with individual S-WFB. Employees with high job demands, longer hours, responsibilities for children and/or adults, also reported lower S-WFB than employees without these characteristics. Research limitations/implications - Research is limited by lack of measures specific to healthcare workers, the use of baseline data only, and sample size fo r some of the analyses. Social implications -- Schedule control makes a difference even under high work pressure. The lack of interactions among variables that typically moderate relationships between work pressures and S-WFB suggests the need for more support fo r healthcare workers under the strain of cost containment. Originality/value of the chapter -- We include an objective indicator of unit-level job pressures on individual employees, thus identifying specific ways that work stress affects S- WFB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reexamines spontaneity as an important, albeit neglected, mechanism in collective action dynamics, and elaborates on its operation and effects in protest events and social movements. We do not presume that spontaneity is routinely at play in all collective actions. Rather, based on our grounded analysis of historical and ethnographic data, we contend that spontaneity is triggered by certain conditions: nonhierarchical organization; uncertain/ambiguous moments and events; behavioral/emotional priming; and certain ecological/spatial factors. We conclude by elaborating why the activation of spontaneous actions matters in shaping the course and character of protest events and movements, and we suggest that spontaneity be resuscitated in the study of collective action and everyday life more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]