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563 results on '"Ghadimi A"'

1. Quasiperiodic Pairing in Graphene Quasicrystals.

Author: Ghadimi, Rasoul and Yang, Bohm-Jung
Published: 2025
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2. Flood Risk Impacts from an Unlikely Source: Redlining Efforts of the 1930s in Houston, Texas.

Author: Bidadian, Behrang, Strager, Michael P., Butler, Peter, and Ghadimi, Hodjat
Subjects: GREEN infrastructure, ENVIRONMENTAL justice, CITIES & towns, GEOGRAPHIC information systems, SPATIAL resolution, FLOOD risk
Abstract: In recent decades, urban areas have faced increasing flood risk, disproportionately affecting marginalized groups. The 1930s redlining practices in the United States have had socioeconomic and environmental impacts in multiple cities. However, there remains an incomplete understanding of the relationship between redlining and urban flood risk. This study addresses this need by investigating the spatial distribution of green infrastructure (GI) and impervious surfaces, as influential factors in mitigating and exacerbating flood risk, respectively, in the flood-prone redlined zones in Houston, Texas. Census blocks that intersected with floodplains and redlining map categories were identified, assigning redlining classes based on the overlap percentages. The proportions of impervious surfaces and GI elements were extracted from land cover data. Their median ratios were compared across redlining categories, and significant clusters of high imperviousness and low GI were mapped. The study found higher imperviousness and lower GI median ratios in redlined zones with strict housing loan restrictions categorized as "Hazardous" and "Definitely Declining." In addition, the significant clusters of high imperviousness and low GI were mainly located within these redlining zones. The spatial and temporal resolution limitations of available data are acknowledged. Higher-resolution land cover data spanning different periods and comprehensive flood hazard datasets including future climate change scenarios are recommended for more accurate analysis. This study linked prior research on flood risk disparities and historical discriminatory practices, revealing significant spatial relationships between Houston's redlined zones and the distribution of GI and imperviousness in flood-prone areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2025
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3. Design Principles for Model Generalization and Scalable AI Integration in Radio Access Networks

Author: Soldati, Pablo, Ghadimi, Euhanna, Demirel, Burak, Wang, Yu, Gaigalas, Raimundas, and Sintorn, Mathias
Abstract: This article emphasizes the pivotal role of model generalization in enhancing performance and enabling scalable AI integration within radio communications. We outline design principles for model generalization in three key domains: environment for robustness, intents for adaptability to system objectives, and control tasks for reducing AI-driven control loops. Adopting these principles can decrease the number of models deployed and increase adaptability in diverse radio communication environments. To address the challenges of model generalization in communication systems, we propose a learning architecture that leverages centralization of training and data management functionalities, combined with distributed data generation. We illustrate these concepts by designing a generalized link adaptation algorithm, demonstrating the benefits of our proposed approach.
Published: 2025
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4. The evaluation of depression prevalence and its association with obesity phenotypes in a community-dwelling aged population.

Author: Abbasloo, Faezeh, Ebrahimi, Pouya, Ghadimi, Delaram, Sharifi, Farshad, Ayati, Arian, Moodi, Mitra, Khorashadizadeh, Masoumeh, Fakhrzadeh, Hosein, Zaki Zadeh, Amin, Ramezani, Pedram, Pirdehghan, Reza, Nooraeen, Sara, Moradi, Ali, Payab, Moloud, and Ebrahimpur, Mahbube
Abstract: Background: Depression is one of the most debilitating mental disorders and a risk factor for many other chronic diseases that are commonly seen in the geriatric population. It has been claimed in previous studies that depression can be associated with obesity in this age group, but there is no common consensus between their results. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the association between depression metabolic syndrome and obesity phenotypes in community-dwelling older adults living in the East of Iran. Method and materials: As a part of the Birjand Longitudinal Aging Study, this retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on participants older than 60. They were categorized based on their body mass index and components of metabolic syndrome into four phenotypes: metabolic non-healthy obese (MNHO), metabolic healthy obese (MHO), metabolic healthy non-obese (MHNO), and metabolic non-healthy non-obese (MNHNO). The relative risk ratio (RRR) of the obesity phenotypes, the severity of depressive symptoms, and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were evaluated by univariate and multinomial logistic regression. Results: Of 1344 eligible participants, 268 (19.94%) had depression. Moderate, moderate-severe, and severe depression were observed in 179 (13.32%), 67 (4.99%), and 22 (1.64%) participants, respectively. Our findings showed a non-significant increase in the RRR of mild depressive symptoms in MNHO (RRR:1.22, 95% CI 0.56–2.66) and severe symptoms in MNHNO (RRR:1.20, 95% CI 0.02–63.17) females. However, in male participants, the RRR of moderate-severe depressive symptoms only increased non-significantly for the MNHO category (RRR:1.34, 95% CI 0.45–3.98). Conclusion: We did not observe a meaningful association between depressive symptoms and obesity phenotypes. Also, other than malnutrition or its risk, various severities of depressive symptoms correlate with different sociodemographic and medical risk factors among male and female senior citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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5. ERAS/STS 2024 Expert Consensus Statement on Perioperative Care in Cardiac Surgery: Continuing the Evolution of Optimized Patient Care and Recovery.

Author: Gregory, Alexander, Ender, Joerg, Shaw, Andrew D., Denault, André, Ibekwe, Stephanie, Stoppe, Christian, Alli, Ahmad, Manning, Michael W., Brodt, Jessica L., Galhardo, Carlos, Sander, Michael, Zarbock, Alexander, Fletcher, Nick, Ghadimi, Kamrouz, and Grant, Michael C.
Published: 2024
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6. International differences in the selection and outcome of minimally invasive and open distal pancreatectomy: A transatlantic analysis.

Author: Johansen, Karin U., Augustinus, Simone, Wellner, Ulrich F., Andersson, Bodil, Beane, Joal D., Björnsson, Bergthor, Busch, Olivier R., Davis, Catherine H., Ghadimi, Michael, Gleeson, Elizabeth M., de Graaf, Nine, Koerkamp, Bas Groot, Pitt, Henry A., van Santvoort, Hjalmar C., Tingstedt, Bobby, Uhl, Waldemar, Werner, Jens, Williamsson, Caroline, Besselink, Marc G., and Keck, Tobias
Abstract: The efficacy and safety of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy have been confirmed by randomized trials, but current patient selection and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in large international cohorts is unknown. This study aimed to compare the use and outcome of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy in North America, the Netherlands, Germany, and Sweden. All patients in the 4 Global Audits on Pancreatic Surgery Group (GAPASURG) registries who underwent minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy or open distal pancreatectomy during 2014–2020 were included. Overall, 20,158 distal pancreatectomies were included, of which 7,316 (36%) were minimally invasive distal pancreatectomies. Use of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy varied from 29% to 54% among registries, of which 13% to 35% were performed robotically. Both the use of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy and robotic surgery were the highest in the Netherlands. Patients undergoing minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy tended to have a younger age (Germany and Sweden), female sex (North America, Germany), higher body mass index (North America, the Netherlands, Germany), lower comorbidity classification (North America, Germany, Sweden), lower performance status (Germany), and lower rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (all). The minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy group had fewer vascular resections (all) and lower rates of severe complications and mortality (North America, Germany). In the multivariable regression analysis, country was associated with severe complications but not with 30-day mortality. Minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy was associated with a lower risk of 30-day mortality compared with open distal pancreatectomy (odds ratio 1.633, 95% CI 1.159–2.300, P =.005). Considerable disparities were seen in the use of minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy among 4 transatlantic registries of pancreatic surgery. Overall, minimally invasive distal pancreatectomy was associated with decreased mortality as compared with open distal pancreatectomy. Differences in patient selection among countries could imply that countries are in different stages of the learning curve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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7. Transatlantic differences in the use and outcome of minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy: an international multi-registry analysis

Author: de Graaf, Nine, Augustinus, Simone, Wellner, Ulrich F., Johansen, Karin, Andersson, Bodil, Beane, Joal D., Björnsson, Bergthor, Busch, Olivier R., Davis, Catherine H., Ghadimi, Michael, Gleeson, Elizabeth M., Groot Koerkamp, Bas, Hogg, Melissa E., van Santvoort, Hjalmar C., Tingstedt, Bobby, Uhl, Waldemar, Werner, Jens, Williamsson, Caroline, Zeh, Herbert J., Zureikat, Amer H., Abu Hilal, Mohammad, Pitt, Henry A., Besselink, Marc G., and Keck, Tobias
Abstract: Background: Minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) has emerged as an alternative to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD). However, the extent of variation in the use and outcomes of MIPD in relation to OPD among countries is unclear as international studies using registry data are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the use, patient selection, and outcomes of MIPD and OPD in four transatlantic audits for pancreatic surgery. Methods: A post hoc comparative analysis including consecutive patients after MIPD and OPD from four nationwide and multicenter pancreatic surgery audits from North America, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (2014–2020). Patient factors related to MIPD were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Outcome analyses excluded the Swedish audit because < 100 MIPD were performed during the studied period. Results: Overall, 44,076 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were included (29,107 North America, 7586 Germany, 4970 the Netherlands, and 2413 Sweden), including 3328 MIPD procedures (8%). The use of MIPD varied widely among countries (absolute largest difference [ALD] 17%, p< 0.001): 7% North America, 4% Germany, 17% the Netherlands, and 0.1% Sweden. Over time, the use of MIPD increased in North America and the Netherlands (p< 0.001), mostly driven by robotic MIPD, but not in Germany (p= 0.297). Patient factors predicting the use of MIPD included country, later year of operation, better performance status, high POPF-risk score, no vascular resection, and non-malignant indication. Conversion rates were higher in laparoscopic MIPD (range 28–45%), compared to robotic MIPD (range 9–37%). In-hospital/30-day mortality differed among North America, Germany, and the Netherlands; MIPD (2%, 7%, 4%; ALD 5%, p< 0.001) and OPD (2%, 5%, 3%; ALD 3%, p< 0.001), similar to major morbidity; MIPD (25%, 42%, 38%, ALD 17%, p< 0.001) and OPD (25%, 31%, 30%, ALD 6%, p< 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Considerable differences were found in the use and outcome, including conversion and mortality rates, of MIPD and OPD among four transatlantic audits for pancreatic surgery. Our findings highlight the need for international collaboration to optimize treatment standards and patient outcome.
Published: 2024
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8. 2024 AHA/ACC/ACS/ASNC/HRS/SCA/SCCT/SCMR/SVM Guideline for Perioperative Cardiovascular Management for Noncardiac Surgery: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

Author: Thompson, Annemarie, Fleischmann, Kirsten E., Smilowitz, Nathaniel R., de las Fuentes, Lisa, Mukherjee, Debabrata, Aggarwal, Niti R., Ahmad, Faraz S., Allen, Robert B., Altin, S. Elissa, Auerbach, Andrew, Berger, Jeffrey S., Chow, Benjamin, Dakik, Habib A., Eisenstein, Eric L., Gerhard-Herman, Marie, Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Kachulis, Bessie, Leclerc, Jacinthe, Lee, Christopher S., Macaulay, Tracy E., Mates, Gail, Merli, Geno J., Parwani, Purvi, Poole, Jeanne E., Rich, Michael W., Ruetzler, Kurt, Stain, Steven C., Sweitzer, BobbieJean, Talbot, Amy W., Vallabhajosyula, Saraschandra, Whittle, John, and Williams, Kim Allan
Published: 2024
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9. A Review on Traditional Medicine Used for Burn Treatment

Author: Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Irilouzadian, Rana, Bagheri, Tooran, Saboury, Mahdy, Fahimi Tafreshi, Shirin, Ghadimi, Tayyeb, Soleimanpour, Samira, Sanaienia, Mohammad, and Farokh Forghani, Siamak
Abstract: Considering the high consumption of and preference for traditional treatments among people and the lack of enough studies on the effectiveness of these treatments, we aimed to review articles on the use of traditional and complementary medicine, focusing on how they affect healing, debridement, and hypertrophic scars. In this study, we conducted the literature search in international databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, as well as Persian databases Scientific Information Database (SID), Magiran, Iranmedex, and IranDoc. Retrieved hits were reviewed by three authors for screening based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the screening process is expressed as Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses framework flow chart. Twenty-two studies were included. The evaluated outcomes were wound healing in 19, pain control in 5, itching in 4, and scar appearance in 2 studies. All of the studies showed equal or improved effects compared to common treatments. Aloe vera, Centella asiatica, and Arnebia euchromawere the most common plants. We revealed that traditional medicine is beneficial in burn wound treatment. The diversity in ingredients that are used in traditional medicine brings up the need for further controlled prospective studies to evaluate the precise superiority of these treatments compared to standard care.
Published: 2024
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10. Photonic Crystal Cavity IQ Modulators in Thin-Film Lithium Niobate.

Author: Larocque, Hugo, Vitullo, Dashiell L. P., Sludds, Alexander, Sattari, Hamed, Christen, Ian, Choong, Gregory, Prieto, Iván, Leo, Jacopo, Zarebidaki, Homa, Lohani, Sanjaya, Kirby, Brian T., Soykal, Öney, Soltani, Mo, Ghadimi, Amir H., Englund, Dirk R., and Heuck, Mikkel
Published: 2024
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11. Trends in the Utilization of Multiorgan Support Among Adults Undergoing High-risk Cardiac Surgery in the United States.

Author: Cobert, Julien, Frere, Zachary, Wongsripuemtet, Pattrapun, Ohnuma, Tetsu, Krishnamoorthy, Vijay, Fuller, Matthew, Chapman, Allyson C., Yaport, Miguel, Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Bartz, Raquel, and Raghunathan, Karthik
Abstract: • Between 2008 and 2018, multiorgan dysfunction (MODS) increased following high-risk cardiac surgeries. • Among patients with MODS, multiorgan support (MOS) also increased following high-risk cardiac surgeries • As a component of MOS, mechanical circulatory support increased over time. • High-risk nonelective patients with MODS and MOS had increased risk-adjusted mortality over time. • High-risk elective patients with MODS and MOS had decreased risk-adjusted mortality over time. To examine trends in the prevalence of multiorgan dysfunction (MODS), utilization of multi-organ support (MOS), and mortality among patients undergoing cardiac surgery with MODS who received MOS in the United States. Retrospective cohort study. 183 hospitals in the Premier Healthcare Database. Adults ≥18 years old undergoing high-risk elective or non-elective cardiac surgery. none. The exposure was time (consecutive calendar quarters) January 2008 and June 2018. We analyzed hospital data using day-stamped hospital billing codes and diagnosis and procedure codes to assess MODS prevalence, MOS utilization, and mortality. Among 129,102 elective and 136,190 non-elective high-risk cardiac surgical cases across 183 hospitals, 10,001 (7.7%) and 21,556 (15.8%) of patients developed MODS, respectively. Among patients who experienced MODS, 2,181 (22%) of elective and 5,425 (25%) of non-elective cardiac surgical cases utilized MOS. From 2008-2018, MODS increased in both high-risk elective and non-elective cardiac surgical cases. Similarly, MOS increased in both high-risk elective and non-elective cardiac surgical cases. As a component of MOS, mechanical circulatory support (MCS) increased over time. Over the study period, risk-adjusted mortality, in patients who developed MODS receiving MOS, increased in high-risk non-elective cardiac surgery and decreased in high-risk elective cardiac surgery, despite increasing MODS prevalence and MOS utilization (p<0.001). Among patients undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery in the United States, MODS prevalence and MOS utilization (including MCS) increased over time. Risk-adjusted mortality trends differed in elective and non-elective cardiac surgery. Further research is necessary to optimize outcomes among patients undergoing high-risk cardiac surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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12. Overcoming Challenges to Research Success in Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology Fellowship Training.

Author: Bottiger, Brandi A., Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Cherry, Anne, and Mazzeffi, Michael
Published: 2024
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13. Synthesis and characterization of enhanced polysulfone-based mixed matrix membranes containing ZSM-5 zeolite for protein and dye removal.

Author: Eslami, Shiva, Norouzbahari, Somayeh, Vatanpour, Vahid, Ghadimi, Ali, and Rostamizadeh, Mohammad
Subjects: ZEOLITES, CONTACT angle, SERUM albumin, WASTEWATER treatment, ORGANIC dyes, AQUEOUS solutions
Abstract: [Display omitted] • Efficient ZSM-5/PSf mixed matrix membranes were successfully prepared and characterized. • The incorporation of ZSM-5 nanoparticles resulted in more hydrophilic sites and subsequent decreased contact angles. • The optimum membrane containing 1 wt% ZSM-5 exhibited enhanced PWF and FRR% compared to the bare membrane. • The BSA and two organic dyes rejection values were obtained more than 98% and 99%, respectively. In this paper, polysulfone (PSf)-based ultrafiltration (UF) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) embedded with ZSM-5 zeolite nanoparticles were synthesized via the NIPS method. The membranes were characterized by FESEM, ATR-FTIR, AFM, and tensile analyses, along with contact angle, porosity, and mean pore size measurements. The FESEM images indicated that the addition of hydrophilic ZSM-5 nanoparticles has led to formation of more and larger finger-like macrovoids. Moreover, hydrophilicity and pure water flux (PWF) values were consequently augmented, which was also approved by water contact angle reduction. The maximum PWF was equal to 394.7 L m-2h−1 at 3 bar for the optimum MMM, containing 1 wt% ZSM-5 which is 125.4 % greater than the value for the bare membrane. In addition, filtration of the bovine serum albumin (BSA) protein and aqueous solutions of two organic dyes were carried out. The highest BSA flux value was obtained 217.9 L m-2h−1 for the optimum membrane, where the BSA rejection values were all greater than 98 %. Furthermore, the optimum MMM displayed the highest flux recovery ratio (FRR%) of 60.1 % as well as the dyes rejection values equal to 95.5 % and 74.1 % for reactive black 5 (RB 5) and reactive yellow 160 (RY 160), respectively, representing its great potential to be applied in various wastewater treatment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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14. Prevalence of cognitive frailty and its associated factors in a population of Iranian older adults.

Author: Ghanbarnia, Mohammad Javad, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, Ahangar, Alijan Ahmadi, Ghadimi, Reza, and Bijani, Ali
Abstract: Background: In recent years cognitive frailty has emerged as an important predictor of adverse health outcomes in older adults. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive frailty in a population of community-dwelling older adults in Iran. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted as part of the second cycle of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project (AHAP). Physical frailty and cognitive impairment were evaluated using the FRAIL questionnaire and the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) respectively. Cognitive frailty was defined as co-existence of frailty and cognitive impairment without presence of dementia. Depression and disability were assessed using the Persian version of geriatric depression scale (GDS) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) questionnaire. Results: Overall 1775 individuals (47.1% female) with mean age of 69.7 ± 7.3 years were included in the final analysis. The prevalence of cognitive frailty was 12.0%. The prevalence of cognitive frailty among males and females was 4.3% and 20.7%, respectively. After adjusting for all possible confounders through binary logistic regression analysis, factors such as older age (OR 1.06, CI 1.03–1.09), female gender (OR 2.25, CI 1.42–3.57), illiteracy (OR 3.84, CI 2.03–8.29), more comorbidities (OR 1.21, CI 1.12–1.31), depression (OR 2.01, CI 1.40–2.86), and greater IADL disability (OR 1.68, CI 1.44–3.96), were independently and significantly associated with cognitive frailty. Conclusion: In this population of Iranian older adults, prevalence of cognitive frailty was consistent with its estimated mean global prevalence. Age, gender, illiteracy, comorbidities, depression and IADL disability were associated with cognitive frailty. Further research is required to develop screening tools and prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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15. Prospective randomized multicenter phase III trial comparing perioperative chemotherapy (FLOT protocol) to neoadjuvant chemoradiation (CROSS protocol) in patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (ESOPEC trial).

Author: Hoeppner, Jens, Brunner, Thomas, Lordick, Florian, Schmoor, Claudia, Kulemann, Birte, Neumann, Ulf Peter, Folprecht, Gunnar, Keck, Tobias, Benedix, Frank, Schmeding, Maximilan, Reitsamer, Ernst, Bruns, Christiane J., Lock, Johan F., Reichert, Benedikt, Ghadimi, Michael, Wille, Kai, Gockel, Ines, Izbicki, Jakob R., Utzolino, Stefan, and Grimminger, Peter Philipp
Published: 2024
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16. An integrated decision-making process for sustainable supplier selection and order allocation in the automotive industry.

Author: Ghadimi, Pezhman, Sar, Kubra, and Azadnia, Amir Hossein
Abstract: A sustainable supplier selection problem can be concisely defined as a classical supplier selection problem that incorporates environmental and social criteria to select and monitor suppliers' performances, creating the sustainable supplier selection and order allocation (SSS&OA) problem. Finding the optimal order allocation to suppliers in the automotive industry is crucial as it can significantly improve the social, environmental, and economic performance of the whole supply chain. Therefore, this research aims to find an optimal order allocation plan for suppliers using an augmented ε-constraint optimization method in the automotive industry while considering all three dimensions of sustainability. Using a previously established comprehensive framework, this paper has adapted the solution approach of an existing bi-objective order allocation model that was used to make sourcing decisions. The results showed a higher total value of sustainable purchasing is achieved by the augmented ε-constraint optimization method compared to the traditional max-min method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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17. Summer School on Circular Economy for Sustainable Manufacturing: A Case Study and Lessons Learned.

Author: Rejeb, Helmi Ben, Muxika, Eñaut, and Ghadimi, Pezhman
Abstract: The Circular Economy Action Plan is the main building block of the European Green Deal, Europe's new agenda for sustainable growth. Businesses need new technologies, new methods and new industrial organization either to create new businesses or to transform their products, processes and business models. They also need new talents to innovate, create businesses and new jobs, and transform society into a more sustainable one. Circular economy has grown significantly in recent years as a topic taught in engineering curricula. The purpose of this paper is to present the design, implementation and evaluation of a summer school program dedicated to the development, transformation and implementation of circular economy systems and new business models in manufacturing. The program was designed in collaboration with three university partners during a European project and relied on contributions from industrial companies, including start-ups and innovative companies. At the end, some lessons are drawn in order to show the main added value based on the evaluation of this summer school and to identify recommendations for the design and implementation of similar summer schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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18. Tunable quantum emitters and coherent modulation on foundry integrated photonics

Author: Donkor, Eric, Hayduk, Michael, Larocque, Hugo, Vitullo, Dashiell L. P., Atabey Buyukkaya, Mustafa, Sludds, Alexander, Errando-Herranz, Carlos, Papon, Camille, Harper, Samuel, Tao, Max, Carolan, Jacques, Sattari, Hamed, Christen, Ian, Choong, Gregory, Prieto, Ivan, Leo, Jacopo, Lee, Chang-Min, Zarebidaki, Homa, Lohani, Sanjaya, Kirby, Brian T., Soykal, Öney O., Richardson, Christopher J. K., Leake, Gerald L., Coleman, Daniel J., Soltani, Moe, Ghadimi, Amir H., Heuck, Mikkel, Fanto, Michael L., Waks, Edo, and Englund, Dirk
Published: 2024
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19. METAPANC

Author: Jo, Peter, Ghadimi, Michael, Crede, Marie, Friede, Tim, Pelzer, Uwe, and Siveke, Jens
Published: 2024
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20. Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022–2050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Vollset, Stein Emil, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd Al Magied, Abdallah H A, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelkader, Atef, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Absalan, Abdorrahim, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adhikary, Ripon Kumar, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afrashteh, Fatemeh, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agbozo, Faith, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahlstrom, Austin J, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmed, Anisuddin, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akrami, Ashley E, Akter, Ema, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Mosa, Amjad S, Al Ta'ani, Omar, Al Zaabi, Omar Ali Mohammed, Alahdab, Fares, Alajlani, Muaaz M, Al-Ajlouni, Yazan, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alam, Zufishan, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemohammad, Seyedeh Yasaman, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Al-Hanawi, Mohammed Khaled, Ali, Abid, Ali, Amjad, Ali, Iman, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Ali, Victor Ekoche, Ali, Waad, Al-Ibraheem, Akram, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Almazan, Joseph Uy, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Alrousan, Sahel Majed, Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah, Alsabri, Mohammed A, Altaany, Zaid, Al-Tammemi, Ala'a B., Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Aluh, Deborah Oyine, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Al-Wardat, Mohammad Sami, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Alyahya, Mohammad Sharif, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid, Amani, Reza, Ameyaw, Edward Kwabena, Amin, Tarek Tawfik, Amindarolzarbi, Alireza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, David B, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Andrews, Erick Adrian, Anil, Abhishek, Anil, Sneha, Anoushiravani, Amir, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen, Anvari, Saeid, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Appiah, Francis, Aquilano, Michele, Arab, Juan Pablo, Arabloo, Jalal, Arafa, Elshaimaa A, Arafat, Mosab, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Ardekani, Ali, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Ariffin, Hany, Arkew, Mesay, Armani, Keivan, Artamonov, Anton A, Arumugam, Ashokan, Asghari-Jafarabadi, Mohammad, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atorkey, Prince, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Awad, Hamzeh, Awotidebe, Adedapo Wasiu, Ayatollahi, Haleh, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azeez, Fahad Khan, Azevedo, Rui M S, Badar, Muhammad, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagheri, Mahboube, Bagheri, Nasser, Bai, Ruhai, Baker, Jennifer L, Bako, Abdulaziz T, Balakrishnan, Senthilkumar, Balcha, Wondu Feyisa, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Barchitta, Martina, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barteit, Sandra, Basiru, Afisu, Basso, João Diogo, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Sanjay, Bauckneht, Matteo, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Behzadi, Payam, Beiranvand, Maryam, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, 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Plotnikov, Evgenii, Poddighe, Dimitri, Polibin, Roman V, Poluru, Ramesh, Ponkilainen, Ville T, Popovic, Djordje S, Postma, Maarten J, Pour-Rashidi, Ahmad, Prabhu, Disha, Prada, Sergio I, Pradhan, Jalandhar, Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh, Prashant, Akila, Prates, Elton Junio Sady, Priscilla, Tina, Purnobasuki, Hery, Purohit, Bharathi M, Puvvula, Jagadeesh, Qasim, Nameer Hashim, Qattea, Ibrahim, Qazi, Asma Saleem, Qian, Gangzhen, Rabiee Rad, Mehrdad, Radhakrishnan, Venkatraman, Raeisi Shahraki, Hadi, Rafferty, Quinn, Raggi, Alberto, Raggi, Cat, Raheem, Nasiru, Rahim, Fakher, Rahim, Md Jillur, Rahimibarghani, Sarvenaz, Rahman, Md Mijanur Mijanur Rahman, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rahman, Tafhimur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rahmanian, Mohammad, Rahmanian, Nazanin, Rahmati, Rahem, Rahmawaty, Setyaningrum, Raimondo, Diego, Raja, Adarsh, Rajput, Prashant, Ramadan, Majed, Ramasamy, Shakthi Kumaran, Ramazanu, Sheena, Ramteke, Pramod W, Rana, Kritika, Rana, Rishabh Kumar, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rane, Amey, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Mithun, Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rashid, Ahmed Mustafa, Rasouli-Saravani, Ashkan, Rastogi, Prateek, Rasul, Azad, Rathish, Devarajan, Rathnaiah Babu, Giridhara, Rauniyar, Santosh Kumar, Ravangard, Ramin, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Raza, Rabail Zehra, Redwan, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed, Reifels, Lennart, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Rengasamy, Kannan RR, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Resnikoff, Serge, Restaino, Stefano, Reyes, Luis Felipe, Rezaei, Nazila, Rezaei, Negar, Rezaei, Zahra Sadat, Rezaeian, Mohsen, Rhee, Taeho Gregory, Rickard, Jennifer, Robalik, Toshana, Robinson-Oden, Hannah Elizabeth, Rocha, Hermano Alexandre Lima, Rodrigues, Mónica, Rodriguez, Jefferson Antonio Buendia, Roever, Leonardo, Romadlon, Debby Syahru, Ronfani, Luca, Rony, Moustaq karim khan, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rotimi, Kunle, Rout, Himanshu Sekhar, Roy, Bedanta, Rubagotti, Enrico, Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade, Rumisha, Susan Fred, Runghien, Tilleye, Russo, Michele, Saad, Aly M A, Saber, Korosh, Saber-Ayad, Maha Mohamed, Sabet, Cameron John, Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S, Saddler, Adam, Sadee, Bashdar Abuzed, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Saeb, Mohammad Reza, Saeed, Umar, Safi, Sher Zaman, Sagar, Rajesh, Saghafi, Alireza, Sagoe, Dominic, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahoo, Pragyan Monalisa, Sajid, Mirza Rizwan, Salam, Nasir, Salamati, Payman, Salami, Afeez Abolarinwa, Saleh, Mohamed A, Salehi, Leili, Salem, Marwa Rashad, Salemcity, Aanuoluwa James, Salimi, Sohrab, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samargandy, Saad, Samodra, Yoseph Leonardo, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Sanna, Francesca, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sao Jose, Bruno Piassi, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Saravanan, Aswini, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sayeed, Abu, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael, Schinckus, Christophe, Schuermans, Art, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Semreen, Mohammad H, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Sengupta, Pallav, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Serban, Dragos, Sethi, Yashendra, Seylani, Allen, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Pritik A, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahid, Samiah, Shahid, Wajeehah, Shahsavari, Hamid R, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shalash, Ali S, Shamekh, Ali, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shankar, Abhishek, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharath, Medha, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Sharma, Anupam, Sharma, Manoj, Sharma, Saurab, Sharma, Vishal, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shayan, Maryam, Shekhar, Shashank, Shenoy, Rekha R, Shetty, Mahabalesh, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shetty, Premalatha K, Shi, Peilin, Shiani, Amir, Shigematsu, Mika, Shimels, Tariku, Shiri, Rahman, Shittu, Aminu, Shiue, Ivy, Shivakumar, K M, Shool, Sina, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Shuval, Kerem, Si, Yafei, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Sidhu, Jaspreet Kaur, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Silva, Soraia, Silva, Thales Philipe R, Simpson, Colin R, Simpson, Kyle E, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Balbir Bagicha, Singh, Baljinder, Singh, Harmanjit, Singh, Jasbir, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Puneetpal, Skou, Søren T, Smith, Georgia, Sobia, Farrukh, Socea, Bogdan, Solanki, Shipra, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Soliman, Sameh S M, Song, Yi, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spartalis, Michael, Spearman, Sandra, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stanikzai, Muhammad Haroon, Starodubova, Antonina V, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stockfelt, Leo, Stokes, Mark A, Straif, Kurt, Subedi, Narayan, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Jing, Sundström, Johan, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, Szeto, Mindy D, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei Malazy, Ozra, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabb, Karen M, Tabche, Celine, Tabish, Mohammad, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taiba, Jabeen, Talaat, Iman M, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tang, Haosu, Tat, Nathan Y, Tavakoli Oliaee, Razieh, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tbakhi, Abdelghani, Tehrani, Hadi, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesfaye, Behailu Terefe, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Thapar, Rekha, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thirunavukkarasu, Sathish, Thomas, Nihal, Thygesen, Lau Caspar, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Timalsena, Dinesh, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tiwari, Krishna, Tomo, Sojit, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, An Thien, Tran, Jasmine T, Tran, Nghia Minh, Tran, Thang Huu, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Turnock, Steven T, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Umar, Muhammad, Umar, Shehu Salihu, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vahdati, Sanaz, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Vakili, Omid, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van den Eynde, Jef, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasic, Milena, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Vijayageetha, Mathavaswami, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Vinayak, Manish, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vohra, Karn, Vos, Theo, Wadood, Abdul Wadood, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Fang, Wang, Shaopan, Wang, Shu, Wang, Yanqing, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Wanjau, Mary Njeri, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Waris, Abdul, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Watson, Stefanie, Weaver, Marcia R, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Weintraub, Robert G, Weldetinsaa, Haftom Legese Legese, Wells, Katherine M, Wen, Yi Feng, Westerman, Ronny, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Widowati, Evi, Wojewodzic, Marcin W, Woldeyes, Dawit Habte, Wolf, Axel Walter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Dongze, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Jiayuan, Wu, Zenghong, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Xiao, Hong, Xu, Suowen, Yadav, Rakesh, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yano, Yuichiro, Yarahmadi, Amir, Yazdani Nia, Iman, Ye, Pengpeng, Yesodharan, Renjulal, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yigzaw, Zeamanuel Anteneh, Yin, Dehui, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Elaine A, Yu, Yong, Yuan, Chun-Wei, Yusuf, Hadiza, Zafar, Uzma, Zafari, Nima, Zahid, Mondal Hasan, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zerfu, Taddese Alemu, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jingya, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhiqiang, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Zhao, Yang, Zhao, Zhongyi, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Bolun, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhou, Shangcheng, Zhu, Bin, Zhumagaliuly, Abzal, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zoghi, Ghazal, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zyoud, Sa'ed H, Zyoud, Samer H, Smith, Amanda E, and Murray, Christopher J L
Abstract: Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) and provide a reference forecast (the most likely future), and alternative scenarios assessing disease burden trajectories if selected sets of risk factors were eliminated from current levels by 2050.
Published: 2024
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21. Investigating First Year Surgery Residents' Expectations of Demand, Control, and Support During Training

Author: Ojute, Feyisayo, Gonzales, Paul Adam, Ghadimi, T. Roxana, Edwards, Anya, van der Schaaf, Marieke, and Lebares, Carter
Abstract: •Interns overestimate the efficacy of self-reliance for coping.•Interns count on specific rewards.•Interns express realistic expectations regarding challenges.•Inclusion among surgeons is an aspiration that off-sets prolonged effort.
Published: 2024
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22. A Meta-analysis of Burnout in Radiology Trainees and Radiologists: Insights From the Maslach Burnout Inventory.

Author: Hassankhani, Amir, Amoukhteh, Melika, Valizadeh, Parya, Jannatdoust, Payam, Ghadimi, Delaram J., Sabeghi, Paniz, and Gholamrezanezhad, Ali
Abstract: Burnout, stemming from chronic work stress, is a significant issue in the medical field, especially among radiologists. It leads to compromised patient care and reduced job satisfaction. Addressing burnout in radiology is essential for the well-being of radiologists and, in turn, for improving patient care. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and dimensions of burnout among radiology trainees (RTs) and practicing radiologists (PRs). A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted in accordance with established guidelines. The search encompassed PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase databases up to June 20, 2023. Eligible studies that assessed the rate of burnout syndrome and/or its subscales, including depersonalization (DP), emotional exhaustion (EE), and personal accomplishment (PA), among RTs and/or PRs using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), were included. Relevant data were extracted and analyzed using R and STATA. Among the 22 included studies, the pooled rates of positive MBI subscales for RTs and PRs were as follows: 54.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 43.8%–65.1%, I 2 = 95.2%) for DP, 57.2% (95% CI: 48.7%–65.4%, I 2 = 92.9%) for EE, and 38.6% (95% CI: 27%–51.7%, I 2 = 95.5%) for low PA. The pooled rate indicating the presence of at least one positive MBI subscale was 82.9% (95% CI: 79.2%–86.1%, I 2 = 57.4%). For two or more positive MBI subscales, the pooled rate was 55.5% (95% CI: 49.7%–61.3%, I 2 = 60.2%), and for three positive MBI subscales, it was 16.7% (95% CI: 11.7%–23.3%, I 2 = 82.7%). This study emphasizes a notable prevalence of burnout in the radiology specialty, with 8 of 10 individuals exhibiting positive results in at least one MBI subscale. This highlights the urgent need for interventions and support systems to protect the well-being of both trainees and practitioners and uphold the quality of patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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23. Study design and methods: U.S. study to protect brain health through lifestyle intervention to reduce risk (U.S. POINTER).

Author: Baker, Laura D., Snyder, Heather M., Espeland, Mark A., Whitmer, Rachel A., Kivipelto, Miia, Woolard, Nancy, Katula, Jeffrey, Papp, Kathryn V., Ventrelle, Jennifer, Graef, Sarah, Hill, Marcus A., Rushing, Scott, Spell, Julia, Lovato, Laura, Felton, Deborah, Williams, Benjamin J., Ghadimi Nouran, Mina, Raman, Rema, Ngandu, Tiia, and Solomon, Alina
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: The U.S. study to protect brain health through lifestyle intervention to reduce risk (U.S. POINTER) is conducted to confirm and expand the results of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) in Americans. METHODS: U.S. POINTER was planned as a 2‐year randomized controlled trial of two lifestyle interventions in 2000 older adults at risk for dementia due to well‐established factors. The primary outcome is a global cognition composite that permits harmonization with FINGER. RESULTS: U.S. POINTER is centrally coordinated and conducted at five clinical sites (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03688126). Outcomes assessments are completed at baseline and every 6 months. Both interventions focus on exercise, diet, cognitive/social stimulation, and cardiovascular health, but differ in intensity and accountability. The study partners with a worldwide network of similar trials for harmonization of methods and data sharing. DISCUSSION: U.S. POINTER is testing a potentially sustainable intervention to support brain health and Alzheimer's prevention for Americans. Impact is strengthened by the targeted participant diversity and expanded scientific scope through ancillary studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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24. Implementing AI in Hospitals to Achieve a Learning Health System: Systematic Review of Current Enablers and Barriers.

Author: Kamel Rahimi, Amir, Pienaar, Oliver, Ghadimi, Moji, Canfell, Oliver J, Pole, Jason D, Shrapnel, Sally, van der Vegt, Anton H, and Sullivan, Clair
Subjects: CLINICAL decision support systems, DECISION support systems, MEDICAL informatics, DIGITAL transformation, ELECTRONIC health records
Abstract: Background: Efforts are underway to capitalize on the computational power of the data collected in electronic medical records (EMRs) to achieve a learning health system (LHS). Artificial intelligence (AI) in health care has promised to improve clinical outcomes, and many researchers are developing AI algorithms on retrospective data sets. Integrating these algorithms with real-time EMR data is rare. There is a poor understanding of the current enablers and barriers to empower this shift from data set–based use to real-time implementation of AI in health systems. Exploring these factors holds promise for uncovering actionable insights toward the successful integration of AI into clinical workflows. Objective: The first objective was to conduct a systematic literature review to identify the evidence of enablers and barriers regarding the real-world implementation of AI in hospital settings. The second objective was to map the identified enablers and barriers to a 3-horizon framework to enable the successful digital health transformation of hospitals to achieve an LHS. Methods: The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines were adhered to. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE Xplore were searched for studies published between January 2010 and January 2022. Articles with case studies and guidelines on the implementation of AI analytics in hospital settings using EMR data were included. We excluded studies conducted in primary and community care settings. Quality assessment of the identified papers was conducted using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool and ADAPTE frameworks. We coded evidence from the included studies that related to enablers of and barriers to AI implementation. The findings were mapped to the 3-horizon framework to provide a road map for hospitals to integrate AI analytics. Results: Of the 1247 studies screened, 26 (2.09%) met the inclusion criteria. In total, 65% (17/26) of the studies implemented AI analytics for enhancing the care of hospitalized patients, whereas the remaining 35% (9/26) provided implementation guidelines. Of the final 26 papers, the quality of 21 (81%) was assessed as poor. A total of 28 enablers was identified; 8 (29%) were new in this study. A total of 18 barriers was identified; 5 (28%) were newly found. Most of these newly identified factors were related to information and technology. Actionable recommendations for the implementation of AI toward achieving an LHS were provided by mapping the findings to a 3-horizon framework. Conclusions: Significant issues exist in implementing AI in health care. Shifting from validating data sets to working with live data is challenging. This review incorporated the identified enablers and barriers into a 3-horizon framework, offering actionable recommendations for implementing AI analytics to achieve an LHS. The findings of this study can assist hospitals in steering their strategic planning toward successful adoption of AI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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25. Exceedances of Secondary Aerosol Formation from In-Use Natural Gas Heavy-Duty Vehicles Compared to Diesel Heavy-Duty Vehicles.

Author: Ghadimi, Sahar, Zhu, Hanwei, Durbin, Thomas D., Cocker III, David R., and Karavalakis, Georgios
Published: 2023
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26. Epidemiology and Etiology of Pediatric Burns in Iran

Author: Bagheri, Tooran, Fatemi, Mohammad Javad, Hoveidamanesh, Soodabeh, Ghadimi, Tayyeb, Asgari, Marzieh, Rahbar, Arya, Rahbar, Hossein, and Momeni, Mahnoush
Abstract: Pediatric burns have long-term physical, psychological, economic, and social consequences for the patient and family. This study was designed to investigate the epidemiology, causes, and mechanism of pediatric burns in Iran, considering the impact the cultural and environmental differences of countries have on burn incidence. This study is a survey study that was performed from 2016 to 2017 on patients referred to Shahid Motahari hospital. Patients in the study included hospitalized children aged 0–18 years who themselves or their parents were able to answer questions. Questions were answered in the categories of the demographic characteristics of the child and parents, epidemiological characteristics of the burn, information on socio-economic and education status, and the underlying causes of the accident. Most burns occurred in the age group less than two years of age and in boys. The most common cause of burns was hot liquids. Collision with containers containing hot liquids inside the kitchen, collision with containers containing hot liquids outside the kitchen space, and overturning containers containing hot liquids were the most common mechanisms of burns. Flame burns were the most common cause of burns in school-age children. Half of the parents had an elementary level or lower education. Economic, social, and cultural conditions of families, parents’ education, and access to preventive education are related to the extent and mechanism of burns. Paying attention to epidemiology and recognizing the main causes of child burns plays an important role in designing and planning preventive measures.
Published: 2024
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27. An Adversarially Robust Formulation of Linear Regression With Missing Data

Author: Aghasi, Alireza, Ghadimi, Saeed, Xing, Yue, and Feizollahi, Mohammadjavad
Abstract: We present a robust framework to perform linear regression with missing entries in the features. By considering an elliptical data distribution, and specifically a multivariate normal model, we are able to conditionally formulate a distribution for the missing entries and present a robust framework, which minimizes the worst-case error caused by the uncertainty in the missing data. We show that the proposed formulation, which naturally takes into account the dependency between different variables, ultimately reduces to a convex program, for which we develop a customized and scalable solver. We analyze the consistency and structural behavior of the proposed framework in asymptotic regimes, and present technical discussions to estimate the required input parameters. We complement our analysis with experiments performed on synthetic, semi-synthetic, and real data, and show how the proposed formulation improves the prediction accuracy and robustness, and outperforms the competing techniques.
Published: 2024
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28. Charakteristika und Klassifikation der oligometastasierten Erkrankung

Author: Friedrich, Nora, Sander, Lukas, Ghadimi, Michael, and Conradi, Lena-Christin
Abstract: Der Begriff Oligometastasierung beschreibt einen Zustand zwischen lokal begrenztem Tumorwachstum und ausgedehnter Metastasierung (Spektrumtheorie). Laut der „Seed-and-soil-Theorie“ hängt die Entstehung von Metastasen von der Interaktion zwischen Tumorzellen und ihrer Mikroumgebung ab. Nur bestimmte Tumorzellen („seed“) können alle Phasen der Metastasierung durchlaufen und in speziellen Mikroumgebungen („soil“) überleben und wachsen. Oligometastasierung wird heute mittels Bildgebung anhand der Anzahl der Metastasen (meist 3 bis 5) definiert und diagnostiziert. Guckenberger et al. haben ein dynamisches Klassifikationssystem entwickelt, das verschiedene Stadien oligometastatischer Erkrankungen klassifiziert und darauf abzielt, die klinische Entscheidungsfindung zu verbessern und Studienergebnisse vergleichbarer zu machen. Zukünftig sollen Diagnostik und Therapieentscheidungen durch Biomarker und fortschrittliche Bildgebung optimiert und präzisiert werden. Ziel ist es, Patienten mit oligometastasierter Erkrankung optimal für individuelle Therapiekonzepte zu stratifizieren. Blutbasierte Biomarker und molekulare Diagnostik gewinnen an Bedeutung und sollen die Bildgebung und klinische Entscheidungsfindung zunehmend ergänzen.
Published: 2024
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29. Multimodale Therapie des Rektumkarzinoms

Author: Riebeling, Johannes Moritz, Hofheinz, Ralf, Rödel, Claus, Ghadimi, Michael, and Grade, Marian
Abstract: Die Strategien zur Therapie des Rektumkarzinoms haben sich in den vergangenen beiden Jahrzehnten erheblich gewandelt. Dies betrifft vor allem das lokal fortgeschrittene Karzinom im mittleren und unteren Rektumdrittel. Hier ist die hochauflösende Magnetresonanztomographie von zentraler Bedeutung für die Therapieplanung. Die chirurgische Resektion des Primarius mit onkologischer Lymphadenektomie bleibt integraler Bestandteil der multimodalen Therapie, wobei die Ergebnisse der minimal-invasiven Techniken (laparoskopisch sowie robotisch assistiert) mit denen der offen-chirurgischen Resektion vergleichbar sind. Aktuelle Weiterentwicklungen sind vor allem das Konzept der sogenannten totalen neoadjuvanten Therapie, also die Ergänzung der neoadjuvanten Radiochemotherapie bzw. Radiotherapie um eine zusätzliche neoadjuvante Chemotherapie, sowie die sogenannte organerhaltende Watch-and-wait-Strategie, also der Verzicht auf eine radikale chirurgische Resektion im Falle einer klinischen Komplettremission nach neoadjuvanter Therapie.
Published: 2024
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30. An integrated decision-making process for sustainable supplier selection and order allocation in the automotive industry

Author: Ghadimi, Pezhman, Sar, Kubra, and Azadnia, Amir Hossein
Abstract: A sustainable supplier selection problem can be concisely defined as a classical supplier selection problem that incorporates environmental and social criteria to select and monitor suppliers’ performances, creating the sustainable supplier selection and order allocation (SSS&OA) problem. Finding the optimal order allocation to suppliers in the automotive industry is crucial as it can significantly improve the social, environmental, and economic performance of the whole supply chain. Therefore, this research aims to find an optimal order allocation plan for suppliers using an augmented ε-constraint optimization method in the automotive industry while considering all three dimensions of sustainability. Using a previously established comprehensive framework, this paper has adapted the solution approach of an existing bi-objective order allocation model that was used to make sourcing decisions. The results showed a higher total value of sustainable purchasing is achieved by the augmented ε-constraint optimization method compared to the traditional max-min method.
Published: 2024
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31. Summer School on Circular Economy for Sustainable Manufacturing: A Case Study and Lessons Learned

Author: Rejeb, Helmi Ben, Muxika, Eñaut, and Ghadimi, Pezhman
Abstract: The Circular Economy Action Plan is the main building block of the European Green Deal, Europe's new agenda for sustainable growth. Businesses need new technologies, new methods and new industrial organization either to create new businesses or to transform their products, processes and business models. They also need new talents to innovate, create businesses and new jobs, and transform society into a more sustainable one. Circular economy has grown significantly in recent years as a topic taught in engineering curricula. The purpose of this paper is to present the design, implementation and evaluation of a summer school program dedicated to the development, transformation and implementation of circular economy systems and new business models in manufacturing. The program was designed in collaboration with three university partners during a European project and relied on contributions from industrial companies, including start-ups and innovative companies. At the end, some lessons are drawn in order to show the main added value based on the evaluation of this summer school and to identify recommendations for the design and implementation of similar summer schools.
Published: 2024
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32. Chirurgische und interdisziplinäre Therapie gastrointestinaler Stromatumoren

Author: Schmidt, Thomas, Ghadimi, Markus, Fuchs, Hans F., and Bruns, Christiane J.
Abstract: Gastrointestinale Stromatumoren (GISTs) sind die häufigsten potenziell malignen mesenchymalen Tumoren des Gastrointestinaltraktes. Seit der Einführung von Imatinib und weiterer Tyrosinkinaseinhibitoren wurde die Therapie von GISTs durch die Inhibition der Tyrosinkinasen c‑Kit und PDGFRα revolutioniert. Trotz der zielgerichteten Therapie ist eine Heilung weiterhin nur durch eine Operation mit Resektion des Primärtumors zu erreichen. Durch eine multimodale interdisziplinäre Therapie kann heute auch in der metastasierten Situation mit kompletter Resektion des Primärtumors und der Metastasen die Prognose erheblich verbessert oder sogar eine Heilung erzielt werden. Eine neoadjuvante Therapie kann das Resektionsausmaß vermindern und hierdurch den Organ(teil)erhalt und eine Verringerung der chirurgischen Morbidität ermöglichen. Um die molekularen und klinischen Prädiktoren regelrecht zu gewichten und die optimale Therapie zu gewährleisten, sollten Patienten mit GISTs, sicher aber Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen GISTs, in interdisziplinären Sarkomboards vorgestellt und beraten werden.
Published: 2024
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33. Development of New Donor-Specific and Human Leukocyte Antigen Antibodies After Transfusion in Adult Lung Transplantation.

Author: Stoker, Alexander, Hicks, Anne, Wright, Mary Cooter, Ali, Azfar, Klapper, Jacob, Poisson, Jessica, Zaffiri, Lorenzo, Chen, Dongfeng, Hartwig, Matthew, Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Welsby, Ian, and Bottiger, Brandi
Abstract: The development of new human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) and donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) in patients are associated with worse outcomes following lung transplantation. The authors aimed to examine the relationship between blood product transfusion in the first 72 hours after lung transplantation and the development of HLA antibodies, including DSAs. A retrospective observational study. At a single academic tertiary center. Adult lung transplant recipients who underwent transplantation between September 2014 and June 2019. None. A total of 380 patients were included in this study, and 87 (23%) developed de novo donor-specific antibodies in the first year after transplantation. Eighty-five patients (22%) developed new HLA antibodies that were not donor-specific, and 208 patients (55%) did not develop new HLA antibodies in the first year after transplantation. Factors associated with increased HLA and DSA development included donor pulmonary infection, non-infectious indication for transplant, increased recipient body mass index, and a preoperative calculated panel reactive antibody value above 0. Multivariate analysis identified platelet transfusion associated with an increased risk of de novo HLA antibody development compared to the negative group (odds ratio [OR; 95% CI] 1.18 [1.02-1.36]; p = 0.025). Cryoprecipitate transfusion was associated with de novo DSA development compared to the negative group (OR [95% CI] 2.21 [1.32-3.69] for 1 v 0 units; p = 0.002). Increased perioperative transfusion of platelets and cryoprecipitate are associated with de novo HLA and DSA development, respectively, in lung transplant recipients during the first year after transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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34. The effect of myo-inositol supplementation on the prevention of gestational diabetes in overweight pregnant women: a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Author: Sedighe ESMAEILZADEH, Reza GHADIMI, Sepideh MASHAYEKH-AMIRI, Mouloud A. DELAVAR, and Zahra BASIRAT
Subjects: GESTATIONAL diabetes, OBESITY, PREGNANT women, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, INOSITOL
Published: 2023
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35. Association of age-related eye diseases with cognitive frailty in older adults: a population-based study.

Author: Ghanbarnia, Mohammad Javad, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, Ghasemi, Mehrnoosh, Roustaei, Gholam Abbas, Mekaniki, Ebrahim, Ghadimi, Reza, Bijani, Ali, and Rasoulinejad, Seyed Ahmad
Abstract: Background: Age-related eye diseases and cognitive frailty (CF) are both important predictors of adverse health outcomes in older adults, however, little is known about their association. Aims: To demonstrate the association between age-related eye diseases and cognitive frailty in a population of Iranian older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we included 1136 individuals (female n = 514) aged 60 years and older (mean 68.8 ± 6.7 years) who participated in the second cycle of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project (AHAP) between 2016 and 2017. Cognitive function and frailty were evaluated based on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the FRAIL scale respectively. Cognitive frailty was defined as coexistence of cognitive impairment (CI) and physical frailty (PF), excluding confirmed cases of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. Cataract, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), elevated intraocular pressure (IOP ≥ 21 mmHg) and glaucoma suspects (vertical cup to disc ratio (VCDR) ≥ 0.6) were diagnosed based on standardized grading protocols. Associations between eye diseases and cognitive frailty were evaluated through binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall, CI, PF and CF were observed in 257 (22.6%), 319 (28.1%) and 114 (10.0%) participants respectively. After adjusting for confounders and ophthalmic conditions, individuals with cataract were more likely to have CF (OR 1.66; p-value 0.043), while DR, AMD, elevated IOP and glaucoma suspects (OR 1.32, 1.62, 1.42, 1.36, respectively) were not significantly associated with CF. Furthermore, cataract was significantly associated with CI (OR 1.50; p-value 0.022), but not with frailty (OR 1.18; p-value 0.313). Conclusion: Older adults with cataract were more likely to have cognitive frailty and cognitive impairment. This association demonstrates the implications of age-related eye diseases beyond ophthalmology and substantiates the need for further research involving cognitive frailty in the context of eye diseases and visual impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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36. Evaluation of deep learning and convolutional neural network algorithms accuracy for detecting and predicting anatomical landmarks on 2D lateral cephalometric images: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author: Londono, Jimmy, Ghasemi, Shohreh, Hussain Shah, Altaf, Fahimipour, Amir, Ghadimi, Niloofar, Hashemi, Sara, Khurshid, Zohaib, and Dashti, Mahmood
Abstract: Cephalometry is the study of skull measurements for clinical evaluation, diagnosis, and surgical planning. Machine learning (ML) algorithms have been used to accurately identify cephalometric landmarks and detect irregularities related to orthodontics and dentistry. ML-based cephalometric imaging reduces errors, improves accuracy, and saves time. In this study, we conducted a meta -analysis and systematic review to evaluate the accuracy of ML software for detecting and predicting anatomical landmarks on two-dimensional (2D) lateral cephalometric images. The meta -analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for selecting and screening research articles. The eligibility criteria were established based on the diagnostic accuracy and prediction of ML combined with 2D lateral cephalometric imagery. The search was conducted among English articles in five databases, and data were managed using Review Manager software (v. 5.0). Quality assessment was performed using the diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Summary measurements included the mean departure from the 1–4-mm threshold or the percentage of landmarks identified within this threshold with a 95% confidence interval (CI). This meta -analysis included 21 of 577 articles initially collected on the accuracy of ML algorithms for detecting and predicting anatomical landmarks. The studies were conducted in various regions of the world, and 20 of the studies employed convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for detecting cephalometric landmarks. The pooled successful detection rates for the 1-mm, 2-mm, 2.5-mm, 3-mm, and 4-mm ranges were 65%, 81%, 86%, 91%, and 96%, respectively. Heterogeneity was determined using the random effect model. In conclusion, ML has shown promise for landmark detection in 2D cephalometric imagery, although the accuracy has varied among studies and clinicians. Consequently, more research is required to determine its effectiveness and reliability in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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37. Pelvic Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Prevents Dysfunction in Patients With Rectal Cancer: Results From a Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of a NEUROmonitoring System (NEUROS).

Author: Kneist, Werner, Ghadimi, Michael, Runkel, Norbert, Moesta, Thomas, Coerper, Stephan, Benecke, Claudia, Kauff, Daniel W., Gretschel, Stephan, Gockel, Ines, Jansen-Winkeln, Boris, Lang, Hauke, Gorbulev, Stanislav, Ruckes, Christian, and Kronfeld, Kai
Abstract: Objective: This NEUROmonitoring System (NEUROS) trial assessed whether pelvic intraoperative neuromonitoring (pIONM) could improve urogenital and ano-(neo-)rectal functional outcomes in patients who underwent total mesorectal excisions (TMEs) for rectal cancer. Background: High-level evidence from clinical trials is required to clarify the benefits of pIONM. Methods: NEUROS was a 2-arm, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial that included 189 patients with rectal cancer who underwent TMEs at 8 centers, from February 2013 to January 2017. TMEs were performed with pIONM (n=90) or without it (control, n=99). The groups were stratified according to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and sex, with blocks of variable length. Data were analyzed according to a modified intention-to-treat protocol. The primary endpoint was a urinary function at 12 months after surgery, assessed with the International Prostate Symptom Score, a patient-reported outcome measure. Deterioration was defined as an increase of at least 5 points from the preoperative score. Secondary endpoints were sexual and anorectal functional outcomes, safety, and TME quality. Results: The intention-to-treat analysis included 171 patients. Marked urinary deterioration occurred in 22/171 (13%) patients, with significantly different incidence between groups (pIONM: n=6/82, 8%; control: n=16/89, 19%; 95% confidence interval, 12.4–94.4; P =0.0382). pIONM was associated with better sexual and ano-(neo)rectal function. At least 1 serious adverse event occurred in 36/88 (41%) in the pIONM group and 53/99 (54%) in the control group, none associated with the study treatment. The groups had similar TME quality, surgery times, intraoperative complication incidence, and postoperative mortality. Conclusion: pIONM is safe and has the potential to improve functional outcomes in rectal cancer patients undergoing TME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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38. Experimental and numerical investigation of the effects of incorporation of one and two steps to a mono-hull planing vessel on its performance in calm water.

Author: Ghadimi, P., Sajedi, S. M., Ghadimi, A., and Sheikholeslami, M.
Subjects: NAVAL architects, SHIPS, PLANING hulls, FRICTION, HYDRODYNAMICS
Abstract: In the current study, two different vessels with single and two steps were experimentally and numerically studied. The experimental tests were conducted at 7.5, 8.025, 8.5, and 9.5 m/s, i.e., at beam Froude numbers from 3.22 to 4.09. The measured parameters include bow rise-up, trim angle, and resistance. Followed by validating the numerical setup against the experimental measurements, simulations of the fluid flow around the vessel at 10 m/s and 12 m/s speeds were conducted using STAR-CCM+ software. Two-phase flow was analyzed using the finite volume method as well as volume of fluid technique considering the overset meshing scheme. Based on the experimental results, addition of the transverse step enhanced the stability of the vessel and reduced its trim. It was also concluded that the resistance of the single-step high-speed vessel was considerably reduced compared to that with no step. Of note, both single-step and two-step models were stable at speeds up to 12 m/s. Finally, based on Taguchi test design method, a number of numerical models were extracted and the interaction of the three parameters of the first and second step length and the speed at two levels was investigated. Based on these findings, as the length of the second step increased, the resistance increased as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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39. Association of age-related eye diseases with cognitive frailty in older adults: a population-based study

Author: Ghanbarnia, Mohammad Javad, Hosseini, Seyed Reza, Ghasemi, Mehrnoosh, Roustaei, Gholam Abbas, Mekaniki, Ebrahim, Ghadimi, Reza, Bijani, Ali, and Rasoulinejad, Seyed Ahmad
Abstract: Background: Age-related eye diseases and cognitive frailty (CF) are both important predictors of adverse health outcomes in older adults, however, little is known about their association. Aims: To demonstrate the association between age-related eye diseases and cognitive frailty in a population of Iranian older adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional, population-based study, we included 1136 individuals (female n= 514) aged 60 years and older (mean 68.8 ± 6.7 years) who participated in the second cycle of the Amirkola Health and Aging Project (AHAP) between 2016 and 2017. Cognitive function and frailty were evaluated based on Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the FRAIL scale respectively. Cognitive frailty was defined as coexistence of cognitive impairment (CI) and physical frailty (PF), excluding confirmed cases of dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease. Cataract, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), elevated intraocular pressure (IOP ≥ 21 mmHg) and glaucoma suspects (vertical cup to disc ratio (VCDR) ≥ 0.6) were diagnosed based on standardized grading protocols. Associations between eye diseases and cognitive frailty were evaluated through binary logistic regression analysis. Results: Overall, CI, PF and CF were observed in 257 (22.6%), 319 (28.1%) and 114 (10.0%) participants respectively. After adjusting for confounders and ophthalmic conditions, individuals with cataract were more likely to have CF (OR 1.66; p-value 0.043), while DR, AMD, elevated IOP and glaucoma suspects (OR 1.32, 1.62, 1.42, 1.36, respectively) were not significantly associated with CF. Furthermore, cataract was significantly associated with CI (OR 1.50; p-value 0.022), but not with frailty (OR 1.18; p-value 0.313). Conclusion: Older adults with cataract were more likely to have cognitive frailty and cognitive impairment. This association demonstrates the implications of age-related eye diseases beyond ophthalmology and substantiates the need for further research involving cognitive frailty in the context of eye diseases and visual impairment.
Published: 2023
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40. Numerical assessment of the effect of length, angle of attack, and type of ducts on hydrodynamic parameters of a linear-jet propulsion system

Author: Donyavizadeh, Negin and Ghadimi, Parviz
Abstract: Achieving noble and more practical propulsion systems is still a major concern for engineers and researchers. Accordingly, many researchers have strived to opt for better and suitable system for the targeted vessels. One of the marine propulsion systems is linear-jet propulsion which includes rotor and stator. In this paper, the effects of geometrical shape of the duct in the form of different length and angle of attack for two types of the accelerating and decelerating ducts are comprehensively explored. Furthermore, section of rotor from Kaplan series are selected and the geometrical shape effects of the rotor on hydrodynamic performance of linear-jet propulsion system are also investigated. Therefore, to obtain the effects of the expressed parameters on the hydrodynamic characteristics of this propulsion system, Ansys-CFX software has been used. The governing equations of the studied problem are RANS equations and SST k-omega turbulent model is utilized. The obtained results are presented in the form of dimensionless coefficients of the forces applied on the propulsion system. The existing data for a ducted propeller are used to validate the numerical solution. Based on the results of the numerical solution, it is concluded that use of a decelerating duct increases the efficiency of the linear-jet system. On the other hand, the use of accelerating ducts reduces the hydrodynamic efficiency of the linear jet, so the performance is not desirable at high advance ratio. Therefore, the use of decelerating ducts in the linear-jet system is found to be the appropriate choice. Results further illustrate that, if the duct length increases, the generated thrust by the rotor increases. It is also concluded that, by increasing the angle of attack of the decelerating duct, the overall efficiency of the linear-jet propulsion system decreases.
Published: 2023
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41. How might climate change impact water safety and boil water advisories in Canada?

Author: Moghaddam-Ghadimi, Sara, Tam, Audrey, Khan, Usman T., and Gora, Stephanie L.
Abstract: A boil water advisory (BWA) informs the public that there is an increased level of risk associated with their water and that they should boil it before consuming. Studies show that small communities in Canada are particularly likely to experience repeat and long-term BWAs. Climate change has led to changes in precipitation and temperature patterns, leading to region-specific impacts such as increased frequency, severity, or variance in floods, forest fires, droughts, freezing rain, and sea water intrusion. Academic and non-academic “grey” literature was reviewed to establish the most likely impacts of climate change on water treatment and infrastructure. Anonymized data from public drinking water systems in Canada was analyzed to determine the most common causes of BWAs between 2005 and 2020. Most BWAs reported were related to breakdowns/malfunctions along the distribution, though inadequate disinfection residual and turbidity or coliforms in the treated water were also common. Furthermore, statistical analysis of the data showed seasonal trends in some of these parameters. The results of this study suggest that increased precipitation, flooding, permafrost degradation, and forest fires are likely to have significant impacts on water safety in Canada.Highlights:Climate change effects are expected to worsen many current water challenges.Climate change will disproportionately impact small, rural, and remote water utilities.Water distribution systems are the main source of water safety risk in Canada.Groundwater-supplied systems experience a disproportionate number of BWAs.Seasonal trends in BWA reasons provide opportunities for targeted mitigation.
Published: 2023
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42. What’s fishy about protamine? Clinical use, adverse reactions, and potential alternatives

Author: Levy, Jerrold H., Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Kizhakkedathu, Jayachandran N., and Iba, Toshiaki
Abstract: Protamine, a highly basic protein isolated from salmon sperm, is the only clinically available agent to reverse the anticoagulation of unfractionated heparin. Following intravenous administration, protamine binds to heparin in a nonspecific electrostatic interaction to reverse its anticoagulant effects. In clinical use, protamine is routinely administered to reverse high-dose heparin anticoagulation in cardiovascular procedures, including cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Despite the lack of supportive evidence regarding protamine’s effectiveness to reverse low-molecular-weight heparin, it is recommended in guidelines with low-quality evidence. Different dosing strategies have been reported for reversing heparin in cardiac surgical patients based on empiric dosing, pharmacokinetics, or point-of-care measurements of heparin levels. Protamine administration is associated with a spectrum of adverse reactions that range from vasodilation to life-threatening cardiopulmonary dysfunction and shock. The life-threatening responses appear to be hypersensitivity reactions due to immunoglobulin E and/or immunoglobulin G antibodies. However, protamine and heparin-protamine complexes can activate complement inflammatory pathways and inhibit other coagulation factors. Although alternative agents for reversing heparin are not currently available for clinical use, additional research continues evaluating novel therapeutic approaches.
Published: 2023
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43. Relationship Between Visceral Adipose Tissue and Bone Mineral Density in Older People: Results from AHAP Study.

Author: Hosseini, Seyed Amirhossein, Cumming, Robert G., Bijani, Ali, Ghadimi, Reza, Noreddini, Hajighorban, and Hosseini, Seyed Reza
Abstract: Introduction: Due to discrepancy of the relationship between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and bone mineral density (BMD), this study was performed to determine the relationship between BMD and VAT in the elderly. Methodology: This cross-sectional study is part of the second wave of Amirkola Health and Ageing Project (AHAP), including 1,200 people aged 60 years and older. BMD and VAT were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in Hologic equipment. Based on the amount of VAT, individuals were divided into four quartiles. Then, the data were statistically analyzed by SPSS22 software using chi-square, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 69.6 ± 6.9 year and the mean VAT was 862.6 ± 337.8 gram. In this study, people with osteoporosis had less VAT (p<0.0001). Furthermore, with the increase in the amount of VAT, BMD increased in the femoral region and lumbar spine (p<0.0001). There was a positive and significant correlation between VAT and BMD in the femoral region (r = 0.267) and lumbar spine (r = 0.197) (p<0.0001). After performing multiple logistic regression analysis in the presence of factors such as age, gender, body mass index and especially lean mass, the protective role of VAT against osteoporosis was maintained (OR=0.510, CI 95% (0.290-0.895)) (P = 0.019). Conclusions: This study has shown that VAT can independently have a positive association with BMD in the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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44. The IEEE Student Branch of Polytechnique Montreal in Action for Innovation, Collaboration, and Celebration [MTT-S Society News]

Author: Micallef, Thomas and Ghadimi, Ali
Abstract: Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
Published: 2024
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45. Evaluation and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension in Noncardiac Surgery: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Author: Rajagopal, Sudarshan, Ruetzler, Kurt, Ghadimi, Kamrouz, Horn, Evelyn M., Kelava, Marta, Kudelko, Kristina T., Moreno-Duarte, Ingrid, Preston, Ioana, Rose Bovino, Leonie L., Smilowitz, Nathaniel R., and Vaidya, Anjali
Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension, defined as an elevation in blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries, is associated with an increased risk of death. The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension is increasing, with an aging population, a rising prevalence of heart and lung disease, and improved pulmonary hypertension survival with targeted therapies. Patients with pulmonary hypertension frequently require noncardiac surgery, although pulmonary hypertension is associated with excess perioperative morbidity and death. This scientific statement provides guidance on the evaluation and management of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery. We advocate for a multistep process focused on (1) classification of pulmonary hypertension group to define the underlying pathology; (2) preoperative risk assessment that will guide surgical decision-making; (3) pulmonary hypertension optimization before surgery to reduce perioperative risk; (4) intraoperative management of pulmonary hypertension to avoid right ventricular dysfunction and to maintain cardiac output; and (5) postoperative management of pulmonary hypertension to ensure recovery from surgery. Last, this scientific statement highlights the paucity of evidence to support perioperative pulmonary hypertension management and identifies areas of uncertainty and opportunities for future investigation.
Published: 2023
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46. Pelvic Intraoperative Neuromonitoring Prevents Dysfunction in Patients With Rectal Cancer

Author: Kneist, Werner, Ghadimi, Michael, Runkel, Norbert, Moesta, Thomas, Coerper, Stephan, Benecke, Claudia, Kauff, Daniel W., Gretschel, Stephan, Gockel, Ines, Jansen-Winkeln, Boris, Lang, Hauke, Gorbulev, Stanislav, Ruckes, Christian, and Kronfeld, Kai
Published: 2023
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47. Simultaneous Arthroscopic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Double Suspensory Technique and Medial Open-Wedge, High Tibial Osteotomy.

Author: Toofan, Hesam, Tabatabaei Irani, Pouya, Ghadimi, Ehsan, Ayati Firoozabadi, Mohammad, and Mortazavi, Seyed Mohammad Javad
Abstract: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is generally performed regardless of knee malalignments. However, there are some indications for either staged or simultaneous ACL reconstruction and realignment procedures, such as high tibial osteotomy (HTO). Simultaneous HTO-ACL reconstruction has the apparent benefit of a single surgical procedure with a faster recovery than a staged procedure, and it produces good clinical outcomes. Several techniques have been described for simultaneous ACLR and medial open wedge HTO. The tibial tunnel preparation and graft fixation are the most challenging part of the procedure. Recent studies on comparison of fixation of tibial tunnel graft using suspensory fixation versus bioabsorbable screws have shown superior results of more bone preservation and less graft rupture. We assumed suspensory fixation on the tibial side with bone preservation might be more reliable in patients who received ACLR and open wedge HTO at the same time. Therefore, we described our technique of simultaneous open-wedge HTO and ACLR using double suspensory graft fixation. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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48. Optimal economic model of a combined renewable energy system utilizing Modified

Author: Zehao, Wang, Zile, Chen, Simin, Yang, Huanhuan, Ding, Junling, Wang, and Ghadimi, Noradin
Abstract: In this paper, an optimal solution has been designed for a combined photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell (FC), and wind system. The idea is to manipulate renewable sources to provide clean energy. The main load demand here is supplied by the grid system, and the role of the proposed system is a backup unit. The proposed system has been used to feed the load into a marketplace in Amman Beach, Jordan. The study here aims to the optimal selection of the size of the renewable source to provide minimum total net present cost and to provide a definite number of the drop of energy supply possibility. This study then utilized an improved Metaheuristics algorithm, called Modified Snake Optimization Algorithm to provide an optimization process. A comparison is conducted among the final results of the method and two other methods, including CHS/FA (combined Harmony Search/Firefly algorithm) and PSO (particle swarm optimizer). Simulations are performed assuming a 5.11 MWh average daily load in the research area, 400 kW peak load, and 0.497 loading factor. Simulations show 2 % optimal sizing results for the loss of power supply probability using the proposed MSO algorithm. Changing the grid accessibility ratio from ninety percent (base case) to fifty percent resulted in a growth in the LPSP amount that varies from 3.5 % to 23.5 %. Further, the results show that the cost of energy for the proposed MSO with 0.0461 $/kWh is less than the PSO and CHS/FA. Also, results show better convergence values in 18 iterations than the other algorithms. Experiments showed good efficiency than other comparative methods when it comes to convergence time, system size, and cost of production. Finally, the implementation of the proposed algorithm to optimize the studied hybrid system can achieve superior and competitive results; (e.g, achieving a lower energy cost compared to PSO and CHS/FA algorithms).
Published: 2025
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49. Nickel Cobalt LDH/Graphene Film on Nickel-Foam-Supported Ternary Transition Metal Oxides for Supercapacitor Applications.

Author: Ghadimi, Amir Mohammad, Ghasemi, Shahram, Omrani, Abdollah, and Mousavi, Farimah
Published: 2023
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50. Solid-phase microextraction coatings based on anodic and cathodic plasma electrolytic deposition on titanium wire for determination of nerolidol in aqueous samples

Author: Aghakhani, Ali, Kheirandish, Poorandokht, Ghadimi, Javad, and Ahmadi, Ebrahim
Abstract: Graphical abstract:
Published: 2023
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