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A recent study conducted at the University of Kragujevac in Serbia explored the potential benefits of empagliflozin in treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) using a preclinical rat model. The researchers found that empagliflozin positively impacted various parameters such as somatometric measurements, glucose and lipid metabolism, sex hormone levels, oxidative stress, and ovarian function and morphology in the PCOS rat model. The study suggested that empagliflozin could be a promising therapeutic approach for PCOS patients, warranting further clinical research. The findings were published in the journal Pathophysiology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Tokyo examined the cost-effectiveness of using empagliflozin in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) with or without albuminuria. The study found that empagliflozin is cost-effective for CKD patients with an urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio of 30 mg/g or more, but not for those with a ratio below 30 mg/g. The addition of empagliflozin to standard CKD treatment was deemed cost-effective for patients with albuminuria in the Japanese healthcare system. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Airlangga University conducted a literature review on the effects of empagliflozin, a type 2 diabetes medication, on vascular remodeling related to cardiovascular health. The study highlighted the importance of reducing cardiovascular disease, a common cause of mortality in patients with diabetes, as a key indicator of Sustainable Development Goal 3 on Good Health and Well-being. Empagliflozin was found to have positive effects on vascular remodeling by enhancing nitric oxide bioavailability and inhibiting inflammatory responses, potentially improving cardiovascular outcomes in patients with and without diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Xi'an Jiaotong University in China explores the potential of using a nanoliposome coated with a PD-L1-targeting peptide to deliver canagliflozin, a drug for type II diabetes, for cancer therapy. The research delves into the antitumor mechanisms of canagliflozin, highlighting its ability to suppress signaling pathways, induce PD-L1 degradation, and sensitize tumors to radiation. The study concludes that this targeted delivery system could achieve multimodal synergistic cancer therapy, offering new possibilities for clinical treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Clinical Research Center focused on the effects of Empagliflozin (EMPA) on obesity-related cardiac dysfunction. The researchers aimed to understand the changes in cardiac autophagy during diet-induced obesity and the mechanism by which EMPA regulates autophagic pathways. The study found that EMPA effectively improved metabolic disorders and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in mice fed a high-fat diet. It also prevented obesity-induced myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, and inflammation by activating SIRT3-mediated autophagosome formation. These findings provide new insights into the cardioprotective benefits of EMPA in obesity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the University of Porto in Portugal explores the potential effects of combining sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and metformin on pancreatic cancer cell lines. The researchers found that both SGLT2 inhibitors and metformin have anticancer properties, but their combined effect had not been previously studied. The study found that the combination treatments increased the anticancer effects in a cell type-dependent manner in the tested cell lines. The cytotoxic effect of SGLT2 inhibitors was dependent on specific pathways in one of the cell lines, while metformin appeared to act via a distinct mechanism. This research provides valuable insights into potential treatment options for pancreatic cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Al-Mustansiriyah University in Baghdad, Iraq, examined the effects of adding empagliflozin to conventional anti-diabetic therapy on the quality of life (QoL) and glycemic index in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study involved 40 T2DM patients who were inadequately controlled with conventional oral anti-diabetic agents (OADs). The results showed that adding empagliflozin led to significant reductions in postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, and index of central obesity. Additionally, improvements in QoL were observed in the study participants. The researchers concluded that empagliflozin as an add-on therapy achieved better weight management, glycemic control, and enhanced QoL in poorly controlled T2DM patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Al-Ahliyya Amman University in Jordan have conducted a study on the potential benefits of Olea europaea L. leaves in treating diabetes. The study aimed to optimize the extraction process for the leaves, evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and explore their influence on the biochemical parameters of diabetic animals. The researchers found that the leaves had high polyphenol and total flavonoid content, as well as substantial antioxidant activity. They also observed a significant reduction in inflammatory mediators in diabetic mice. The study suggests that olive leaves could be a potential addition to conventional medicines for enhancing the health profile of diabetic individuals. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted by researchers at the Graduate School of Medicine in Osaka, Japan, has found that short-term treatment with the drug canagliflozin may improve kidney oxygenation in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study used blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI to evaluate the effects of canagliflozin on kidney oxygenation. The results showed that cortical oxygenation levels increased significantly after one day of treatment and remained improved after five consecutive treatments. This research suggests that canagliflozin may have protective effects on kidney disease outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Aarhus University Hospital compared the cardiovascular effectiveness of two drugs, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, in adults with treated type 2 diabetes. The study used Danish health registries to emulate a hypothetical trial and found that there were no significant differences in cardiovascular outcomes between the two drugs over a six-year period. This research provides valuable information for healthcare professionals and patients in making informed decisions about treatment options for type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland, explored the potential of using canagliflozin, a medication commonly used to treat diabetes and heart failure, to mitigate acute kidney injury (AKI) and reduce inflammation in a swine model of severe renal ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) induced by hemorrhage and aortic occlusion. The study found that a single dose of canagliflozin administered shortly after the ischemic insult resulted in less severe AKI, improved renal function, reduced proteinuria, and lower levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for canagliflozin in mitigating the effects of renal IRI and warrant further investigation. [Extracted from the article]

This document provides information about a clinical study being conducted in China on the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a specific therapy in patients with PAH. The study has specific eligibility criteria for participants, including age, diagnosis of PAH, and stable background oral therapy. The study is being conducted at two hospitals in China and is expected to be completed by December 2025. The document also includes contact information for the primary investigator. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Chang Gung University College of Medicine in Taiwan explored the effects of empagliflozin, a medication used to treat diabetes, on apoptosis (cell death) and mitochondria fragmentation in H9C2 cells. The study found that exposure to high-glucose conditions decreased cell viability and increased cell apoptosis, but empagliflozin was able to reverse these effects. Additionally, the study observed that empagliflozin reduced mitochondria fragmentation and decreased the expression of fission proteins. The researchers concluded that empagliflozin could reverse the calcium-dependent activation of the ERK 1/2 pathway, which caused mitochondria fragmentation in H9C2 cells. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Shaanxi, People's Republic of China, discusses the efficacy of empagliflozin combined with sacubitril/valsartan in treating hypertensive patients with heart failure. The retrospective study included 101 patients and compared the effects of the combined treatment with sacubitril/valsartan alone. The study found that the combined treatment resulted in a higher total effective rate, reductions in blood pressure variability, improvements in cardiac function, and no significant difference in adverse reactions compared to the control group. The research concludes that empagliflozin combined with sacubitril/valsartan enhances treatment efficacy, improves cardiac function and blood pressure variability, and is safe for hypertensive patients with heart failure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Cairo University explores the potential renoprotective effects of the anti-diabetic drug empagliflozin (EMPA) on methotrexate (MTX)-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. The study suggests that EMPA may protect against MTX-induced toxicity by activating the AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. The researchers found that EMPA treatment improved various parameters related to nephrotoxicity, such as serum creatinine levels and renal microarchitecture, and this improvement was correlated with increased AMPK phosphorylation and Nrf2 expression. The study highlights the potential of EMPA as a protective agent against MTX-induced nephrotoxicity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital discusses the case of a patient who experienced severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) after taking empagliflozin and probenecid together. The researchers suggest that the co-administration of these medications may have led to a pharmacokinetic interaction that reduced the elimination of ketone bodies, potentially causing the DKA. They recommend caution when prescribing sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors alongside medications that inhibit or compete with proximal tubular organic anion transporters in patients with diabetes mellitus. This research provides valuable insights into the potential risks associated with certain drug combinations for individuals with diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University explored the impact of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin on early tubular injury biomarkers in type 2 diabetes patients with normoalbuminuria. The study involved 54 patients who were divided into an intervention group (empagliflozin) and a control group. After 6 weeks of treatment, the intervention group showed significant improvements in various biomarkers, including blood glucose levels, cholesterol levels, and renal function indicators. The study suggests that empagliflozin may have potential as a therapeutic approach for early tubular protection in type 2 diabetes patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Molecular & Clinical Sciences Research Institute has shed light on the mechanisms behind the arterial relaxation effects of sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors. These inhibitors are commonly used to lower blood glucose levels and treat heart failure. The study found that the arterial relaxation caused by SGLT2 inhibitors is dependent on the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from sensory nerves, rather than glucose transport. The researchers also discovered that the relaxation response is mediated by the sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1). This research provides valuable insights into the potential therapeutic applications of SGLT2 inhibitors. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, China have conducted a study on sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors and their effects on vascular aging. The study focused on the specific mechanism of Canagliflozin (CAN), a SGLT2 inhibitor, in alleviating vascular cell aging induced by palmitic acid (PA). The researchers found that CAN inhibits the activation of ROS/ERK and ferroptosis signaling pathways, providing new insights into lipid-induced vascular aging and potential drug development. This research contributes to the understanding of cardiovascular diseases and the development of related therapies. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Almazov National Medical Research Centre investigated the neuroprotective effects of glucose-lowering drugs in diabetic rats with and without stroke. The study compared the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) on brain damage. The results showed that both GLP-1RAs and SGLT-2i have neuroprotective properties against acute and chronic brain damage in diabetic rats, with GLP-1RAs potentially having a more pronounced effect. These drugs were found to directly influence neuronal survival and also affect microglia. Further research is needed to explore the potential of these drugs in treating brain damage in individuals with diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research findings on acute kidney injury (AKI) in cardiac surgery patients. The study focuses on the potential benefits of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, in reducing the incidence of adverse renal outcomes. The VERTIGO trial, a Phase 3 study, will enroll 608 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery and randomly assign them to receive either empagliflozin or a placebo. The primary endpoint of the study is the proportion of patients who develop major adverse kidney events within 90 days after surgery. The trial aims to determine the efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in preventing AKI in cardiac surgery patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University in Saudi Arabia have published new data on stomach cancer. The study focuses on repurposing the drug empagliflozin (EMP) for cancer treatment. The researchers optimized an oral long-acting and floating/raft-forming nano gel to release coated EMP nanoparticles, which showed enhanced dissolution compared to raw EMP particles. The study suggests that this optimized controlled-release raft-forming gel is a promising local oral approach against stomach cancer and associated gastritis treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Yeungnam University Medical Center investigated the effects of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on peritoneal dialysis. The study found that empagliflozin effectively reduced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) through a decrease in senescence in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). In addition, co-treatment with empagliflozin improved peritoneal thickness and fibrosis in a peritoneal dialysis model in mice. These findings suggest that empagliflozin may have potential therapeutic benefits for peritoneal dialysis patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia, examined the effects of canagliflozin on heart failure (HF) events in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and high cardiovascular risk and/or chronic kidney disease. The study found that canagliflozin reduced the risk of first HF hospitalization and total HF hospitalizations across all levels of kidney function. The benefits of canagliflozin were consistent and more pronounced in patients with worse kidney function at baseline. This research provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of canagliflozin in reducing the burden of HF hospitalizations in individuals with T2D. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Guntur Medical College in Andhra Pradesh, India, compared the effectiveness and safety of two commonly used medications, empagliflozin and liraglutide, in managing diabetic dyslipidemia. The study enrolled 100 participants with diabetes and dyslipidemia, dividing them equally into empagliflozin and liraglutide treatment groups. After 6 months of treatment, both medications showed significant improvements in lipid profiles, including reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides, and increases in HDL cholesterol. The study concluded that both empagliflozin and liraglutide are effective and safe options for managing diabetic dyslipidemia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing, China, explored the potential cardioprotective effects of canagliflozin, a drug used in the treatment of diabetes. The researchers found that canagliflozin improved mitochondrial function and activated a process called mitophagy, which helps maintain the integrity of mitochondria. These findings suggest that canagliflozin may be an effective treatment for diabetic cardiomyopathy, a condition that contributes to mortality in diabetic populations. The study highlights the potential of canagliflozin as a therapeutic option for individuals with diabetic cardiomyopathy. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research on sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors and their potential use in treating Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome (RMS), a rare disorder characterized by severe insulin resistance. The report presents a case study of an 11-year-old male patient with RMS who was treated with empagliflozin, an SGLT2 inhibitor, in addition to insulin therapy and metformin. The addition of empagliflozin led to improvements in glycemic control, as evidenced by reductions in HbA1c levels and increased time in range. The researchers suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors may be a promising adjunctive therapy for managing RMS, but further research is needed to determine long-term efficacy and safety. [Extracted from the article]

A recent clinical trial conducted at the University Health Sciences Center in Guadalajara, Mexico, examined the effects of empagliflozin and dapagliflozin on endothelial function in Mexican patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The trial included 30 patients who were randomly assigned to receive either empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, or a placebo. The study found that the group receiving empagliflozin had significantly lower baseline flow-mediated dilation (FMD) compared to the dapagliflozin group, but by the end of the study, both groups achieved similar FMD. The research suggests that empagliflozin and dapagliflozin may have a similar effect on endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne examined the effects of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, on the reproductive system in men without diabetes. The study found that after one month of empagliflozin treatment, there were no noticeable changes in androgen, pituitary gonadotropin hormones, or inhibin B levels. The researchers concluded that while SGLT2 is present in the testes, its inhibition does not appear to affect testosterone production or inhibin B secretion. This study provides valuable insights into the potential impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on male reproductive function. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Rajkot, India, focused on identifying impurities in empagliflozin and linagliptin, two drugs used in the treatment of diabetes. The researchers used various techniques such as NMR, LC-MS, and HPLC to isolate and characterize these impurities. They also developed a novel HPLC method to identify and quantify contaminants. This study is the first to propose nine impurities in the mixed dosage forms of these drugs. The research was funded by Zydus Life Sciences Limited and RK University and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A clinical trial, NCT06435858, is set to begin on September 1, 2024, to study the effects of the drug Empagliflozin on divalent ions in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The trial aims to understand how electrolytes are handled in these patients and will involve 40 participants who will be randomized into two groups, one receiving Empagliflozin and the other receiving a placebo for two weeks, followed by a two-week wash-out period. The primary outcome of the study is the tubular handling of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium, with secondary outcomes including diuresis, safety, and tolerability. The trial is expected to be completed by December 31, 2024, and is being conducted by Patrick Hofmann from Cantonal Hospital Graubuenden, in collaboration with the University of Zurich. Individual participant data will not be shared. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the Slovak Academy of Sciences explored the effects of Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor, on cardiac volume overload-induced by aortocaval fistula in rats. The researchers found that Empagliflozin reduced heart and ventricular mass and normalized levels of connexin43 (Cx43), a protein involved in electrical coupling among cardiomyocytes. Additionally, Empagliflozin attenuated the increase of interstitial collagen and normalized protein levels associated with structural remodeling. These findings suggest that Empagliflozin may have cardioprotective effects in this model, although further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms. [Extracted from the article]