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This paper presents the preliminary results of an experimental research on the influence of heat and steam curing on the performances of one-part alkali-activated mortars based on low calcium fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) with different GGBFS/FA ratios. The mortars were manufactured at equal water to precursor ratio and were activated by sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide and sodium carbonate in powder form. In general, by growing the GGBFS/FA ratio, the workability of fresh mortars decreases and the elasto-mechanical performance increases, independently of curing conditions. The heat and/or steam curing temperatures equal to 40°C or 60°C promote the development of higher early compressive strength respect to standard curing conditions (20°C), especially at high GGBFS/FA ratios, while no advantages were detected at longer ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an experimental study regarding activated carbon of peanut shells on rheology and filtration loss of drilling mud. Rheology and filtration loss are essential characteristics of mud that in controlling the accomplishment of drilling operations. This research begins by activating carbon from peanut shell waste (KKT) with three different activation temperatures, e.g., 700, 800, and 900°C. We conduct Rheology, i.e., absolute, plastic viscosity, yield point, and gel strength, to observe the effect of carbon activation temperature of KKT additive to those parameters. Moreover, filtration tests to determine mud-cake thickness also become one part of this study. The results showed that the mud sample with 5 g KKT activated carbon at 900°C activation temperature shows the best performance among all samples. Result from both rheology and filtration test yields 5 cp plastic viscosity, 10 yield point, 0.4 gel strength, the volume of the filtrate is 16 ml, and the mud cake is 0.16 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circulating Fluidized Bed (CFB) boiler is the second largest number of boilers for power generation in Indonesia, after Pulverized Coal boiler. There are three main components in CFB boiler, namely: riser or furnace for performing circulating fluidized bed, cyclone for separating flue gas with solid particle and seal pot for returning solid particle from cyclone into furnace. During operation, CFB boiler frequently experience failure caused by overheating and abrasion. Common failure in seal pot is overheating caused by change in particle size distribution and flue gas flow rate.CFB boiler utilizes fluidization process in fuel combustion. The fluidization process uses materials in the form of sand particles (bed materials). The goal is for the temperature of the furnace to be distributed evenly. CFB boiler has one part called cyclone separator that serves to separate sand particles with fluid (flue gas). The research aims to determine the effect of bed particle size on the abrasion of cyclone CFB boiler PLTU Tenayan. The method is done using Computational Particle-Fluid Dynamics (CPFD) Software Barracuda Virtual Reactor 17.4. Geometry is created using SOLIDWORK 2020 and exported in *.stl format. The first particle variation uses the first particle size with SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter) of 57 µm, a minimum diameter of 2 µm, and a maximum diameter of 300 µm. The second particle variation uses a particle size with SMD 114 µm, a minimum diameter of 4 µm, and a maximum diameter of 600 µm. The simulation uses a variety of air mass flow by 80%, 100%, 110%, and 120% of normal air mass flow (69.43 kg/s). The drag model used is Wen Yu, and the Large Eddy Simulation turbulence model. The highest-pressure drop is on the standpipe. The particle speed is directly proportional to the speed of the fluid, which is due to the drag force of the particle. Particle volume fraction increases as air mass flow increases and particle size increases. The largest cyclone separator efficiency is produced by the second particle with an air mass flow of 83.3 kg/s of 96.44% while the smallest efficiency is produced by the first particle with an air mass flow of 55.5 kg/s of 85.05%. Efficiency will increase if the size and mass flow of air is increased. The most severe abrasion intensity lies in the cyclone barrel (cylinder) section. The larger the particle size, the greater the abrasion produced. The greater the mass flow of air flow, the greater the level of abrasion in cyclones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The face is one part of the human body that is unique and has a characteristic to be easily recognized. Face detection, facial recognition, facial expression analysis, and facial demographic classification are the subsets of computer vision and image processing that have received much attention in recent decades. The purpose of this study is to implement the Haar Cascade Classifier and Local Binary Pattern methods on the face recognition system and to determine the performance of the Haar Cascade Classifier and Local Binary Pattern Histogram methods in recognizing faces in images that have one look. The technique used in this research is Haar Cascade Classifier as a face detection method and the Local Binary Pattern Histogram method for face recognition. In this study, the development of a facial recognition system uses the Python programming language with the help of the OpenCV library. Based on the test results, the accuracy of the face recognition system with bright and dim lighting conditions is 88% and 70%, respectively. The accuracy of all test results is 79%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The manufacture of multi-material products by layer-by-layer synthesis involves many issues related to both technological parameters and equipment preparation, as well as warping and internal stresses of manufactured parts. This article shows the possibility of modeling the process of selective laser melting in terms of the manufacture of multi-material parts on the example of specimen of nickel alloy VZh159 and copper alloy BrHCRV. The results of numerical simulation of the printing process were verified on the basis of the fabricated specimens. It was found that the obtained simulation results are indicative, however, they do not quite accurately describe the deformation of the specimen obtained by the SLM method, which is due to the imperfection of the chosen calculation algorithms. For the possibility of further use of numerical computer simulation of the process of growing multi-material specimens by the SLM method, it is necessary to implement a continuous simulation process, without transition between parts of the specimen, when one part begins to be considered by the system as a substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides research on assessing the degree of influence of inertial forces in solving problems of seismodynamics of underground polymer pipelines. An applied calculation program was developed using the finite difference method. In underground structures, the failure of one part affects the entire system's performance, while in above-ground structures, the damage bears local importance. In this regard, a class of problems of the seismodynamic theory of underground structures is emphasized, in which it is possible to ignore their own mass. Dangerous points of maximum normal stresses occurrence under the influence of seismic loads on an underground polymer pipeline were determined, considering the viscoelastic interaction in the "pipe-soil" system. The inertial force of an earthquake mostly destroys ground structures. In this case, the structure - base interaction can also affect the characteristics of the stress state. As is known, taking such factors into account has not yet been properly reflected in the existing theories and methods for calculating seismic reliability of underground structures; therefore, the expected results will have vivid signs of scientific novelty, and the solution to these problems will be a new incentive to increase the significance and further use of applied results in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is arguably the most urgent problem that does not get enough attention in Indonesia. This issue requires full attention from the government, NGO, and public altogether. One of the ways to address this issue is by raising environmental literacy. The first step of understanding climate change is by learning two important paradigms: anthropocentrism and ecocentrism. These paradigms see humans as the ruler of all living beings in the world or just as one part of this enormous ecosystem, consecutively. Understanding these two concepts is fundamental in realizing that humans should respect nature and preserve the only planet that we live in. This research measured the environmental literacy in millennials of East Java. The method used was the mixed method with survey and in-depth interview as the data-gathering technique. The findings of this research will serve as an environmental literacy map of millennials in East Java and will be used as guidance in making environmental campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The case of inflation can influence monetary policy. Therefore, in assisting policy decision-making, inflation forecasts can be made. Inflation forecasting is a connecting bridge to determine the value of inflation for the coming period. Running inflation allows it to change from time to time, resulting in a nonlinear model that will provide a more accurate forecast of inflation. The neural network is a general function approach capable of mapping any nonlinear function. One part of the neural network method used in forecasting is the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) method. This method has the advantage of storing information for a more extended period. However, the efficiency of the neural network method depends on the network structure of the number of hidden neurons and epochs in converging conditions. This study aims to obtain the best inflation forecasting model in Indonesia using the LSTM method. This method is a development network of the Recurrent Neural Network, which is composed of forget gate, input gate, cell state, and output gate. Based on the research results, the best LSTM model in predicting inflation in Indonesia has more than one hidden neuron with the optimum number of epochs. However, too many hidden neurons are used, and the use of epochs that are not optimized will make the root mean square error value and mean absolute error based on the sample out worse. This indicates that too many hidden neurons and epochs will lead to overfitting in Indonesia's inflation forecasting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia territory is an earthquake-prone area because it is located at the confluence of three major world plates, namely the Eurasian, Indo-Australian, and Pacific Plates. The causes many earthquakes that cause casualties and damage buildings. Lombok Island is one part of Indonesia's territory, prone to earthquakes. This study focused on determining the type of foreshock and aftershock earthquake distribution in 2018 on Lombok Island using descriptive statistical methods. Determination of the type of distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test approach and the Chi- Square test. The results of this study are expected to be used by the Regional Government of West Nusa Tenggara Province and Regency / City Governments on the Island of Lombok related to disaster mitigation and evaluation of regional spatial planning documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the food industries a significant aspect of several products is the package system. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a tool that can guide the company to recognize and to identify the customer' needs to be transformed into diverse forms of planning and strategy business that would be able to offer to the continuous improvement of a given product or service produced. QFD also can help in developing packaging systems by improving packaging components or the package itself. One part of the famous food industries in Yogyakarta, Indonesia is the XYZ Noodles restaurant that sells noodles with a certain level of spiciness. The packaging of XYZ Noodles restaurant is using Styrofoam that harms health and the environment. Also, the packaging of XYZ Noodles restaurant does not have enough information for consumers. This resulted in many consumers have less knowledge to the identity and information of the XYZ Noodles restaurant's product. Therefore, this research is aimed to study in designing the packaging of the XYZ Noodles restaurant for better introduction of the product as well as the safety in delivering and consumption to reduce the level of environmental pollution using Quality Function Deployment (QFD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study produces educational physics games for mobile apps based on the journey of Joseph Black, scientists in the thermodynamics field. These apps aim to support the medium for learning physics. The study used the research and development method with the ADDIE approach. The steps are analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. Physics educational game application, "Black Journey," contains a puzzle-type game consisting of five missions. The award that players will receive is in the form of scores and facts about the life story of the physicist Joseph Black. One part of the reward explained finding the Black Principle related to temperature and heat. This game also discusses another research conducted by Joseph Black. The product assessment by media experts has 90% and by material experts is 97.9%. The Black Journey apps also have a trial on high school physics teachers with a feasibility percentage of 84.72%. The results obtained are in the "very feasible" category. Thus, it can be concluded that The Black Journey apps are suitable for the use of learning companion media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The transmission system is one part of the electric power system that needs to be maintained to achieve service continuity. One of the main components of the transmission system is the insulator. Over time, the insulator is exposed to pollutants from the environment. It can interfere with the work of the insulator. This study aims to analyze the effect of pollutants on the insulator, the effect of stubs on the chain insulator circuit, and the effect of the grading ring electrode on the voltage distribution. This study uses an experimental method, and then the data needed for this research by the experiment in the laboratory. Based on the result analysis, the pollutants attached to the insulator cause the breakdown voltage between the balls to decrease. Meanwhile, the stub whose position has moved causes the breakdown voltage of the insulator at the position after the stub to decrease due to the creepage distance, and the resistance of the insulator decreases, causing the voltage distribution to be more uneven. At the same time, the leveling ring electrode used in this study did not have a significant effect because the leveling ring electrode used was only 40 cm in diameter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke is a disease among the top 10 causes of death in the world and Indonesia. Stroke is divided into two, namely ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke. Stroke can happen to anyone at any age with the characteristics of blood vessels experiencing blockage or rupture resulting in a crisis of blood supply that carries oxygen to the brain. The risk factors for stroke are the same as heart disease or other blood vessel diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and cholesterol. One way to prevent stroke is to minimize several diseases that cause clogged or ruptured blood vessels. This study aims to predict the results of the classification of stroke types based on 6 factors, namely age, gender, cholesterol levels, length of stay (LOS), history, and blood sugar levels of stroke patients. The classification method chosen is one part of machine learning, namely the resilient backpropagation neural network (RBNN) because it is in accordance with the type of data used. The results showed that the prediction results of stroke type classification using six predictors were included in the good category and reached the optimum at the use of 5 nodes in the hidden layer and the resulting error was 9.26. The results of the evaluation of classification predictions using the confusion matrix also get good results, namely with an accuracy of 80% and an F1-score of 82% with a precision of 72% and a sensitivity of 95%. This result will be more optimal if there is the handling of imbalanced data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plastics are one of the biggest waste in the world and are difficult to recycle. One of the methods used to recycle plastics is by a distillation machine. Condensor is one part of the distillation machine that is used to condense liquid vapor from the plastic burning process. There are three variables used to investigate the performance of the condenser, namely heat released, condensation rate, and condenser efficiency. Consideration in using temperature difference for analysis is developed in this study. The temperature difference is obtained based on the cooling water temperatur used. Extrapolation is used to get the outlet temperature of the cooling water. Five variations of cooling water temperature were used in this study to get the temperature difference, namely 10 oC, 15 oC, 23 oC, 27 oC, and 30 oC. The temperature difference obtained is based on the cooling water temperature, namely 20 oC, 26,6 oC, 35,4 oC, 53 oC, 64 oC. The result shows that from the temperature 20 oC to 64 oC, there is an increase in heat released from 83,72 kJ/s to 267,904 kJ/s, the condenssation rate and condenser efficiency are also increased from 0,468 kg/s to 1,499 kg/s and 12,369 % to 39,582 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to design a novel microstrip rectangular patch antenna to improve gain in the field of medical applications and same was compared with circular patch antenna with multiple slots. The antenna was designed in the FEKO open software, which has two parts in this software. One part is CAD-FEKO where the antenna was designed using the antenna parameters. Another part is POST-FEKO where simulations can be obtained. Two sample set each with sample size of 10 with an operating frequency of 1.8 GHz were used for comparative analysis. The gain values have been taken with corresponding frequency. After successful CEM validate and FEKO solver in cad FEKO results are displayed on post FEKO software. By giving Fairfield to the antenna gain vs frequency graph have been displayed and by giving voltage source to the antenna reflection coefficient graph has been displayed. The gain achieved at 1.8 GHz was 4.328 dB and for circular antennas, it was 2.095 dB. The significance and mean difference values after updating values in the SPSS tool are 0.0320 and 2.18600 respectively. The results of the study shows that rectangular patch antenna has more gain for various frequencies and also gives a better performance when compared to circular antenna in Medical applications. The significance of the microstrip patch antenna is 0.0320 (p < 0.05), which is also evident in the SPSS result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spine is one part of the human axial skeleton that serves as the body's primary support. Hence, the health of the spine must be considered. The most common spinal abnormality is scoliosis, with the shape of the spine forming the C and S letters. Along with technology development, spinal abnormalities can be identified using images from X-rays to be processed digitally to help health experts as a second opinion to carry out diagnostics of spinal disorders efficiently and accurately. This research was conducted by designing an image processing system for two spine types, normal and abnormal (i.e., scoliosis), by applying the Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction method and two classification methods: K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). The design of this system aims to determine how effective the method is to classify the spine accuracy. The system accuracy in the KNN method reached 73% at a pixel distance of 100 and a quantization level of 16. For the SVM method, the system accuracy value of 90% was obtained at a pixel distance of 75 and a quantization level of 8. The SVM results achieved better than the KNN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mathematical process is one part of mathematical literacy that students need to have in solving mathematical problems. Therefore, students who have good mathematical processing skills will find it easier to solve mathematical problems related to the real world. This article aims to determine students' mathematical literacy skills in solving story problems based on mathematical processes. The story problem in question is a math problem related to the real world. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive method. Data analysis techniques in this study consist of data collection, data reduction, display data, and verification. The subjects of this study were three students from the ninth grade in one of the junior high schools in Banyuwangi. Subjects were selected based on three considerations, namely academic ability, teacher recommendations, and students' willingness. The story questions given consist of two story questions about Quadrilateral material. The indicators of mathematical literacy ability used in this study include: (1) understanding the problem, (2) selecting knowledge, (3) outlining plans, (4) solving and reasoning, and (5) evaluating results in problem solving. The results showed that the mathematical literacy ability of the ninth graders in solving the story problems of the quadrilateral material had not met all the indicators of the mathematical literacy process. In addition, the results of the study also showed that students were not accustomed to writing down the information contained in the questions, and did not describe the completion plan clearly. From these results it is suggested that teachers train to involve the mathematical process in the learning process so that students are accustomed to solving problems related to the real world and can improve their mathematical literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, an equilibrium problem for an elastic body with a crack crossing a thin inclusion at some point is analyzed. As a result, the crack divides the inclusion of two parts. One part of the inclusion is a rigid and the other is an elastic. The elastic inclusion is modeled by a Bernoulli – Euler beam. The conjugation conditions of these inclusions at a given point are considered. To exclude a mutual penetration between inclusions, inequality type boundary conditions are imposed. Nonlinear boundary conditions are also considered at the crack faces.The main goal of the paper is to justify a passage to the limit as the rigidity parameter of the thin inclusion goes to infinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The characteristics of each component of a different aircraft such as the hexagonal bolt which functions to combine several components into one part that has a non-permanent nature. This requires that the component must be heat resistant, corrosion, and high hardness, to determine the microstructure and chemical composition of the hexagonal bolt then testing. This study uses quantitative research methods, namely the use of some quantitative data obtained from the test results to be processed in a table with the results of testing Microstructure and Chemical Composition on the hexagonal bolt. Microstructure testing on hexagonal bolt components is shown to be more dominant in the pearlite phase than the ferrite phase. The chemical composition of the hexagonal bolt shows that Iron (Fe)=97,0%; Carbon=0,445%; Manganese (Mn)=0,884%; Chromium (Cr)= 0,479%; Silicon (Si)= 0,241%; Molybdenum (Mo)= 0,201%; and Nickel (Ni)= 0,357% are medium carbon steel. The microstructure testing and chemical composition in hexagonal bolt components material has high heat resistance, corrosion resistance, and has a high hardness because more pearlite phases and the composition of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) that form material properties. Manganese (Mn) has corrosion resistance properties, increases material strength, and makes component durable. Therefore the strength of the hexagonal bolt is very important and the addition of several elements that help the properties of the main element. The correlation between microstructure and chemical composition is that the higher the Fe content, the higher the ferrite and pearlite microstructure because hexagonal bolt has a composition of 97% Fe which is hard, ductile, and a good conductor. We can be seen from the hexagonal bolt microstructure containing ferrite and pearlite which are the same as Fe [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of information technology makes the world need precise and accurate information in accessing various applications. Software utilization must be balanced with software maintenance. In order for the application to run properly, it is necessary to test the quality of the software to reduce maintenance costs and increase software productivity. Software quality testing is one part of the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Therefore, it is necessary to test the quality of the software to find out whether the software has met the expectations and purposes of use, such as in online voucher e-commerce applications. Testing of online e-commerce vouchers is needed to ensure the quality of the information system so that there are no bugs, guarantee its features and functionality. This research focuses on testing 3 characteristics of ISO 9126, namely functionality, reliability, and efficiency. The selection of 3 of the 6 factors of the ISO 9126 model is because currently testing only focuses on the internal part of the developer and has not yet reached the external end user stage. The output of this research is User Acceptance Testing (UAT) which is combined with 3 characteristics of ISO 9126. In addition, the test is carried out automatically using the help of selenium software, so it is hoped that online e-commerce vouchers can provide trust and guarantee to application users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solvability issues of the Holmgren's problem analogue of the four-dimensional degenerate second order elliptic equation are studied in the finite domain, where values of the function are set in one part of the boundary and normal derivatives are set in another piecewise smooth part of the boundary. Using the corresponding fundamental solution of the problem for the four-dimensional generalized Gellerstedt equation obtained earlier in the paper of Berdyshev, Hasanov and Ryskan (Fundamental solutions for a class of four-dimensional degenerate elliptic equation, Complex Var. Elliptic Equ. 65(4), 632-647 (2020)) we constructed Green's function. We use various properties of the hypergeometric Laurichella's functions to study the problem solvability issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Punishment is the oldest and the most common means of sanctioning crimes, being the main coercion instrument used in all societies, which aims both to isolate the delinquent individual in specialized detention institutions and to re-educate and resocialize him with the help of treatment and social recovery programs. Émile Durkheim argued that the sanctioning of perpetrators has a salutary effect at the community level, by reaffirming the collective conscience, the criminal punishment being applied, therefore, in the name of society. The opinion of the famous French sociologist summarizes the trend of evolution and adjustment of correctional systems, in order to respond to the transformation needs registered internationally. He drew attention to the fact that the intensity and severity of the punishments are even harsher, as societies are less developed and in which the central power has a more absolute character (...) and that, in certain periods, depending on the severity of the committed crimes, custodial sentences tend to become the normal type of repression against criminal individuals. The responsibilities of the penitentiary institutions are considerable. Goffman said the penitentiary was a place where a large number of individuals of similar statuses, separated from the rest of the society for a considerable amount of time and, together, are living a life led by strict limitations, officially regulated by the institution. As imprisonment only represents one part of the act of justice - the execution of the sentence with deprivation of liberty - the study includes an approach to the prison infrastructure based on respect towards the human rights. Starting from the international standards in the field and the regulation of the minimum living standards for deprivation of liberty institutions in the European space, this paper identifies the problems faced by most penitentiary systems, but also the global trends. It addresses the relationship between the architecture of the prison and the criminal ideology of some European states, as well as how these punitive constructions contribute to the rehabilitation and reduction of recidivism. The study, which involves both national and European systems, provides a multicriterial understanding of the existing state of the detention units by selecting criminal systems from some countries in our geographic area with comparable levels of socio-economic development to Romania. Therefore, starting from the main objectives of the criminal system (to protect society, to punish criminal behavior and to prevent new criminal acts) in relation to the fundamental human rights, as well as the degree of success in the rehabilitation of the prisoners, the paperwork explores how the different ideologies related to punishment are reflected in the architecture and the layouts of the prisons and makes an analysis of the trends in the contemporary prison architecture. The study emphasizes a discrepancy between the functional aim of the contemporary penitentiary institution (as described by the rules and by the authorities) and the actual situation identified in many reports of the national and international bodies, finding that, at least in Europe, there are only a few prisons that are changing their approaches in terms of human rights based on their legal framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising demand for food needs the application of technology in the management of agriculture. Using information technology can be used to handle different aspects of agriculture. One part of that is the control of water. Plant water adequacy has an important influence on plant growth. This study aims to develop a watering system that works based on soil conditions. In this research, an automatic irrigation system was built that can determine the duration of the watering based on the soil moisture value measured by several sensor devices. This system is implemented in an experimental garden. The test is done by making variations in soil moisture. The watering time duration is determined using Fuzzy logic based on several rules. The results of the test show the suitability of the soil moisture watering period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work traffic light control and vehicle detection using Arduino and the IR sensor is designed to control the traffic signal by for certain time limits based on traffic in the lanes which is applicable for junctions. By using this method this would save time for people. Present day one of the serious issues is traffic congestion; therefore such systems should be moved from a manual or fixed control system to automatic control with decision making capabilities. To optimise the present-day problem, an alternate method presents the implementation of the miniature model by sensing the number of vehicles in the particular lane the time of green light can be increased, the detection of the vehicle is done by using sensors and the control action is done by microcontroller. In some cases, a lane with higher number of vehicles has a longer period of green light than a lane with a lesser number of vehicles; this can be achieved by a microcontroller and sensor. To upgrade this issue, we developed a substructure for a traffic control system in an intelligent way. Occasionally, heavy traffic at one part of a junction needs a higher time delay to green light than compared to providing timely. Therefore, redesigned a basic mechanism of the 4-way system to density-based controlling of traffic signal system in that the downtime of green and red signals are assigned in the method of the density of the vehicles present at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kersen plants (Muntingia calabura L) is one type of medicinal plant. One part of the plant that is often used is the leaves. This study aims to determine the phytochemical analisys and antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of Kersen leaf. The results showed that the methanol extract Kersen leaves have alkaloids, phenolic and tannin contents. The results of the antioxidant activity tests using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrylhidrazyl (DPPH) showed the value IC50 value of 233.47 mg/L. Extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaf has potential as an antioxidant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheel drive electronics is a brushless direct current motor control module attached to the reaction wheel used to control the satellites' attitude. At the development stage, this module needs to be verified at the component level. However, with the many electronics system factors in this module, the measurements are conducted partially, which implies increasing the testing time consumption. For this reason, an automatic measurement system was developed. One part of it is the data acquisition hardware. This data acquisition is used to retrieve data from sensors, convert analog signals to digital, and send data to computers to store, manipulate, and display data. This data acquisition hardware mainly uses Arduino DUE based on Atmel SAM3x8E ARM Cortex M3 and ADS1256 as an analog to digital converter with 24-bit resolution. This device is modular and integrated. Modular means that it can be replaced easily due to damaged or for obtaining better performance. Integrated means that it comprises various sensors that support the automatic measurement method. This device is also equipped with a relay to protect it from the excess current flowing into this module. After that, the obtained sensor data will be sent parallelly to the computer through a format data that contains measured information, sensors data, and sampling time. These data are used to compare and check the wheel drive electronics system's properties, such as stator current, motor speed, power consumption, temperature, and voltage, especially back-EMF. From the results, the stator current error is ±4.6%, the back-EMF voltage error is ±0.1775%, the power consumption error is ±4.61%, the temperature error is ±1°C, and the motor speed resolution is ±0.05 RPM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this digital era, young people tend to look for information through the internet. One part that is carried out is related to recommendations, one of which is a career. In this study, text data is used to make a recommendation engine. This recommendation engine uses the Cosine Similarity method and the Word Embedding Technique. In this study, researchers used data from careervillage.org. This data consists of questions and answers from professionals. Through this recommendation, we can automate the question and answer through machine-based recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with issues related to stresses and deformation of the stiffness core of a high-rise building. This refers to the stage of working with cracks in the nonlinear work of reinforced concrete. The possibility of tracking the change in stiffness during operation is illustrated. It is shown that concrete of the stiffening core works in the plastic stage in one part of the stiffening core, with cracks from tension in the other part. Compressive and tensile stresses in the walls of the stiffening core are uneven throughout their thickness. The reserve of stiffness and strength is due to the effect of the cage of the less loaded part of the sections. The use of inclinometers for monitoring buildings allows you to track not only uneven settlements of buildings, but also deformations of the stiffness core of a high-rise building from temporary loads. The angles of rotation of the nodes of the design model were determined for various combinations of temporary loads, while there is a constant redistribution of efforts in the range of up to 50%. Monitoring by the method of inclinometers, located evenly along the height of buildings and the corners of a building or its stiffness core, makes it possible to track the development of plastic deformations of concrete of the stiffness core and the level of cracking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coffee is a very promising commodity. Besides being consumed as a famous drink with high caffeine content, coffee also has many compounds that can act as antioxidants. One part of the coffee plant that acts as an antioxidant is the leaf. Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) is one species of the genus Coffee. The aims of this study were to determined the phytochemical and antioxidant activity on Robusta coffee leaves as seen based on differences in the ecology of the highlands on Alor Island – East Nusa Tenggara. Robusta coffee leaves were extracted by maceration for 24 hours with methanol. DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity. The result showed that Robusta coffee leaves from Alor Island give the antioxidant activity with IC50 56,337 ppm. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the bioactive compound from Robusta coffee leaves is composed of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, and phenolic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biometric technology is required, along with technological advances in the digital world. In this digital age, authentication in digital transactions is necessary, especially for transaction security. We can utilize our unique body organs for the authentication process. One part of the human body that can be functioned for biometric is the finger vein. Finger vein can be used for biometric because every human living, finger vein pattern varies and unique for each person. Therefore, determine the physical characteristics of each person specifically. 780-980 nm near-infrared spectrum is effective for this application because of its portability and non-invasive trait. However, oftentimes, imaging results using infrared radiant contain noise. Notably, noise salt & pepper. This noise-reducing image information accuracy and making the extraction process more difficult, as a result, causing finger vein patterns difficult to recognize. To reduce the problem mentioned above, image noise must be reduced. One of the filters that can be used for reducing salt & pepper noise is the median filter. In the imaging transmitting mode, the intensity of infrared radiant absorbed into finger vein affecting imaging quality result. The bigger intensity, the bigger the transmittance radiance output unless saturation happens. As a result, the finger vein image becomes clearer. Moreover, attenuation intensity transmittance output value is influenced by wavelength. This process is simply according to Rayleigh scattering theory. Differentiation in wavelength, giving an effect in scattered intensity value, then affects attenuation intensity. Attenuation intensity produces different noises depends on the wavelength. This study suppresses the noise and analyzes the impact of wavelength variation on optical imaging process and noise level produced in 780-980 infrared spectrum span. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sentiment analysis is one part of natural language processing. Sentiment analysis can be done by lexicon based, or machine learning based. Sentiment analysis based on machine learning has advantage of dynamism to meet with new language datasets or new vocabulary. Sentiment analysis seeks to understand the sentiments contained in a sentence. A sentence can be positive, neutral or negative, based on its sentiments. A sentence can have positive, neutral or negative sentiments. However, the fact is each sentence does not always have positive, negative or neutral sentiment clearly. We try to develop a sentiment analysis method that can show the sentiment degree of a sentence. Fuzzy sentiment analysis using convolutional neural network are introduced in this paper to produce more accurate sentiment analysis results. Convolutional neural networks are a popular machine learning method for sentiment analysis. The concept of fuzzy sets is used to express the sentiment degree of a sentence. Euclidean distance analysis to determine the proximity of two vectors is used to show that this method is better than the standard method. The method we propose successfully produces a value that indicates the degree of sentiment of a sentence. Comparison of the euclid distance between the results of the standard sentiment analysis and our method shows that the results of the fuzzy sentiment analysis using convolutional neural network have a distance that is relatively close to the true sentiment value. Fuzzy convolutional neural network analysis sentiment is proven to be able to produce better and smoother sentiment analysis results than standard methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the results of applications of participatory three dimensional mapping (P3DM) method for fqcilitating the p eop le of Cibanteng' village to comp ile a landslide disaster risk reduction program. Physical factors, as high rainfall, topography, geology and land use, and coupled with the condition of demographic and social-economic factors, make up the Cibanteng region highly susceptible to landslides. During the years 2013-2014 has happened 2 times landslides which caused economic losses, as a result of damage to homes and farmland. Participatory mapping is one part of the activities of community-based disaster risk reduction (CBDRR)), because of the involvement of local communities is a prerequisite for sustainable disaster risk reduction. In this activity, particip atory mapping method are done in two ways, namely participatory two-dimensional mapping (P2DM) with a focus on mapping of disaster areas and participatory three-dimensional mapping (P3DM) with a focus on the entire territory of the village. Based on the results P3DM, the ability of the communities in understanding the village environment spatially well-tested and honed, so as to facilitate the preparation of the CBDRR programs. Furthermore, the P3DM method can be applied to another disaster areas, due to it becomes a medium of effective dialogue between all levels of involved communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital image processing techniques have been widely used in the medical field, including in medical image analysis. One part of the image processing technique that plays an essential role in medical image analysis is image segmentation. This paper will discuss the performance of conventional edge detection, which consists of the Sobel, Canny, Prewitt, and Robert methods in segmenting the lungs, especially COVID19 patients. Based on the conventional edge detection method, we conducted a trial of measuring the lung area and the white patches contained therein. In addition, we compared the area between the lungs of normal patients and the lungs of Covid patients. The experimental results show that of the four types of conventional edge detection methods used, all of them have almost the same performance both in processing time and the results of the calculation of lung area obtained. Based on the experimental results, the conventional edge detection method can be considered for further development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a tool that would calculate traffic density through vehicle detection using image processing. Haar-Cascading Algorithm was used in vehicle detection. The developed tool used video recordings from identified Cross and T-type road junctions in the City of Mandaue. Traffic video recording were provided by the Traffic Enforcement Agency of Mandaue (TEAM). The system will classify traffic status as low, moderate or heavy based on the calculated traffic density. It is also capable of simulating traffic light control by displaying a Go signal in one part of the road in a particular road junction at a time. The duration of this Go signal will depend on the traffic status determined by the system. Results showed that the system has an average accuracy rate of 80% in vehicle detection and can correctly classify traffic status from the calculated traffic density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main problems in open pit mining is the presence of water. Water in the mining area can disrupt mining operations and, in consequences, the production target will not be achieved. The mine drainage system is one part of the system used to overcome the presence of water. The rational method is the method most widely used by hydraulic engineers to estimate the discharge. The open channel dimension is designed based on the discharge estimation. Runoff coefficients are critical parameters for rational methods. There are several sources of literature determining the value of runoff coefficients, such as the approach of the American Society of Civil Engineering (ASCE), Schwab, Perry, and Gautama. In this paper, we examine the method selection effect of open channel dimension for determining the runoff coefficient value in the same conditions both of the rain catchment area and the rainfall intensity. The result is Gautama's coefficient value is the closest compare to real condition on the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

POGIL had been shown to be one superior learning model in science education including chemistry education and it match with mandatory learning approach in current Indonesian High school curriculum. The effect of POGIL in learning result was somehow vary in many studied. One problem found in our observation, students were not able to apply their new knowledge at application step of POGIL model. This paper reports our effort to improve student’s cognitive learning outcome in learning buffer solution by modifying POGIL at application step. Buffer solution is one part of chemistry at high school of which students had difficulties in understanding it. In learning buffer, it requires ability in conceptual understanding and algorithmic problem solving. Polya’s problem solving method has known as one powerful problem solving model in mathematics. We had modified POGIL by incorporating Polya’s problem solving steps at application step of POGIL and implemented the model in learning buffer solution. Although only 50% student passed the school passing grade in experimental class, the modified model seem superior compared to original POGIL. In control class only 16% students passed the school passing grade. The mean rank value in the Mann-Whitney test in the experimental class (46.61) was higher than the control class (26.39). Therefore, modified POGIL was proven to be better model in learning buffer solution. This study was done in a short period of learning buffer solution. In order to get higher cognitive outcome in learning chemistry, longer observation must be carried out until students accustom with the modified POGIL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are various freights that are transported at increased risk under certain conditions. An example of such logistics is military supplies passing by air, water or land through the territory of the enemy. One approach to increasing the ability to reach delivery to its final destination is the dividing and transporting them into separate parts. Thus allows, in case when one part of the delivery is destroyed to be repeated only the destroyed one in order to obtain the full volume of the initial delivery for the intended purpose. The task, however, could be considered as ambivalent character: the bigger number of consignments to which delivery is divided increases security, but on the other hand increases costs significantly. The current article presents a mathematical approach that determines the effective level of division of delivery into separate transport units in regards of reaching the final intended destination. It has been proven that for a certain risk and size of delivery there is an optimal number of logistic transport units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellular Light Weight Concrete (CLWC) is relatively a new material having cementitious properties, incorporated with mechanically entrained foam in the cement based slurry or mortar which can manufacture in a varying densities ranging from 300 kg/m³ to 1850 kg/m³. With the increase in future requirement of the construction material, the CLWC is presently believed to have a promising future. CLWC is a versatile material, which is generally used in non-load bearing structural elements, having lower strength than conventional concrete. It is quite renowned for some application for the reason that it’s self-weight (which is light in weight) such as reduction of dead load of the structure, thermal insulating materials, acoustic insulating materials and non-structural partitions walls. Since it has low strength, some material is used in order to increase the strength of the CLWC. The applications of CLWC are very limited due least knowledge about its properties and stability. CLWC, fairly a new material as compare to conventional concrete, has become more popular material in construction industry. Fly ash and Silica fume are getting more attention nowadays since their uses usually improve the properties of mixed cement concrete, economical and reduction of harmful environmental effects. The properties of CLWC vary according to a different type of mixture and its composition. This study investigates the mechanical and physical properties of CLWC specifically dry density, water absorption and compressive strength. In this study, the cubes are casted for different target densities 800 to 1000 kg/m³, 1000 to 1200 kg/m³ and 1200 to 1400 kg/m³ by varying the fly ash content 50% to 80% at the interval of 5% and corresponding decrease in cement content 50% to 20%. The water content of all mixes are kept constant as 40% of weight of cement and fly ash combined. The foam consists of one part of foaming agent diluted with 35 parts of water. As the amount of foam affects the dry density of concrete, hence foam content is varied from 1% to 1.5% to get different target density. After getting the optimum content of fly ash, the cement content is further reduced by adding silica fume. Silica fume is incorporated in the mix 0% to 15% at the interval of 5% by the weight of cement and tested for same mechanical and physical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the problem of determining the motion of a moisture-saturated flat material between a roller pair. In solving the problem, the change in the mass of flat material is taken into account, due to a decrease in the moisture content in it, using the Meshchersky equation. A change in the mass of flat material is expressed through a change in its volume. The problem is considered by dividing the skeleton of the volume of flat material into volumes of liquid and pores. The profile of the deformation position of the flat material and the coatings of the working rollers are considered as a parabola satisfying one part of the graph. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mathematics is a branch of science that is closely related to other branches of science. Mathematics learning and the media used in learning are always changing to improve the quality of learning. Ability student to understand geometry subject less than ability to understand the other subject in mathematics. Pythagorean is one part of geometri that is very important to be understood by students. This study aims to design and develop a cognitive process-based and context-based mathematics learning question in the minimum competency assessment of Pythagoras in junior high school. This development research uses the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) model, but this article only explain Analysis, Design, and Development procedure. In developed questions, there are three kinds of context: personal context, socio-cultural context, and scientific context. Every context consists of understanding level, application level, and reasoning level. The developed questions had been validated by validator. Based on the result of validation from expert, these questions were declared valid to be used as learning resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a design of a condensing heat exchanger of thermosyphon loop heat pipe for cooling of electrotechnical box. The heat pipe appears to be a very good cooling device that does not require any mechanical device in its construction. A heat pipe is a structurally simple device capable of transmitting high heat flows over relatively long distances. It may be of circular or other cross-section. If one part of the heat pipe is heated - the evaporator and the other cooled - the condenser, there is a constant evaporation and condensation of the working fluid. The section between the evaporator and the condenser where there is no phase change is called adiabatic section. The heat transfer in the heat pipe is based on the phase change principle. The design of the condensing exchanger must ensure condensation of the vapor phase and heat the environment to the surrounding environment in an ideal state only by natural convection. The article describes the design of a condensing exchanger and the impact of the amount of working fluid on performance heat pipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inflammation is a local protective response caused by tissue injury or damage that serves to destroy, reduce, or localize both injured and injured tissues. In Indonesia, especially in Bali famous for its traditional medicine is Usada Bali. One part of Usada Bali is Lontar UsadaTaruPramana which contains an explanation of medicinal ingredients derived from herbs as an external medicine in the form of boreh (parem). This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the formulation boreh usadatarupramana as anti-inflammatory therapy against male rats induced carrageenan. The method used was pre-test and post-test with control group design using 15 male white rats divided into 3 treatment groups. Group 1 (P1 or negative control) was given 15 mg placebo (cream base), Group 2 (P2 or positive control) was given 15 mg sodium diclofenac cream and Group 3 (P3or treatment group) was given 15 mg boreh formulation. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference of rat foot volume between positive control group and boreh formulation group with p-value = 0.444. This suggests that the boreh formulation group had the same effect as the positive control group as the anti-inflammatory therapy on decreased rat foot volume of edema. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) has been used as a treatment for patients with paralysis or another physical abnormality which might be caused by several kind of illness. The treatment that the PMR usually used for physical rehabilitation is by giving scheduled exercises for the patients. These exercises are usually repetitive and must be done with full assistance from a therapist. One part of the body that play a great role in performing the activity of daily living (ADL) is the hands. Hands rehabilitation methods has been performed without technology for years, especially in the low- and middle- income country such as Indonesia. Therefore, we perform this research. In this research, we developed a simple PID control system for soft actuator pneumatic glove so that the glove will be able to give a repetitive movement as a replacement for therapist in a rehabilitation session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solving problems in geometry, whether planar or spatial, is for students generally more difficult than solving problems in other branches of mathematics, e.g. in arithmetic or in algebra. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how students’ geometric thinking and spatial imagination can be practised and developed. One of the options is to provide students with appropriate examples that would practise and develop their geometric thinking and spatial imagination in a relatively short time. Such examples we can denote "warm-ups". There are organized the preparatory courses for students of the Faculty of mechanical engineering by our department before the first semester of their bachelor study starts. Practising geometry is one part of the preparatory course. The inclusion of the planimetric warm-ups in one lesson of the preparatory course seems to be useful. There are mentioned several planimetric warm-ups drawn in software GeoGebra, creating the base of so-called online GeoGebra book named Planimetric Warm-ups that is used as e-learning material during the preparatory course, in this contribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liquid metal heat transfer systems are a technically attractive option to increase the efficiency of CSP plants. Sodium as heat transfer medium is promising especially due to high heat transfer rates. In this paper, basic considerations are made to match the requirements of a small-scale loop with sodium as heat transfer medium. The setup of the test facility KArlsruhe ReceIver test FAcility (KARIFA) to heat up this loop with a 20 kW IR laser is described. The loop is planned as an integrated design using an additive manufacturing process. Different technologies like selective laser melting (SLM) are established processes to realize an integrated design and to bring together components in one part. Some variations must be implemented to adapt these processes to liquid metal loops. The high heat fluxes also demand a flow simulation to ensure an efficient and safe operation. A Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) steady state simulation was performed to show the surface and duct temperatures as well as dimensionless values to analyse the characteristics of the sodium flow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the event of large disturbances in the electric power system (EPS), transients that occur can be accompanied by the loss of generators out of synchronism and the out-of-step conditions appearance, usually preceding the cascade of an accident with severe consequences for the EPS. One of such consequences may be the occurrence of an emergency excess of generated active power in one part of the EPS. In this regard, there is a need for additional measures to implement targeted effects on transients in EPS. At present, there are three types of emergency automation, which main task is to maintain the dynamic and static stability of the excess area. However, the choice of the necessary automation is not a trivial task, it is necessary to know all the nuances of the emergency automation type used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practically all the facilities have pin joints on smooth, cylindrical or cone surfaces with the circular sections. The mentioned convenient and technologically simple for processing and assembly surfaces are not always able to provide the rotary motion transfer or location accuracy. Pin joints are designed for the details precise reciprocal fixing, as well as for the light loads transferring (special shear pins functioning as protecting devices are also applied). Dowel (adjusting) pins are used when the position of one part relative to the other needs to be accurately fixed (for example, the split sleeve bearing cap position relative to its housing) and for taking the transverse forces acting in the parting plane of two details. The pin joint refers to the detachable connections [1]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to improve the experiment implementation quality and analytical thinking skills of undergraduate students through guided-inquiry laboratory experiments. This study was a classroom action research conducted in three cycles. The study has been carried out with 38 undergraduate students of the second semester of Biology Education Department of State Islamic Institute (SII) of Tulungagung, as a part of Chemistry for Biology course. The research instruments were lesson plans, learning observation sheets and undergraduate students' experimental procedure. Research data were analyzed using quantitative-descriptive method. The increasing of analytical thinking skills could be measured using gain score normalized and statistical paired t-test. The results showed that guided-inquiry laboratory experiments model was able to improve both the experiment implementation quality and the analytical thinking skills. N-gain score of the analytical thinking skills was increased, in spite of just 0.03 with low increase category, indicated by experimental reports. Some of undergraduate students have had the difficulties in detecting the relation of one part to another and to an overall structure. The findings suggested that giving feedback the procedural knowledge and experimental reports were important. Revising the experimental procedure that completed by some scaffolding questions were also needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the influence of biomass gasification on the condition of the refractory lining of a fixed bed reactor. The refractory lining of the gasifier is one part of the device, which significantly affects the operational reliability and durability. After removing the refractory lining of the gasifier from the experimental reactor, there was done an assessment how gasification of different kinds of biomass reflected on its condition in terms of the main factors affecting its life. Gasification of biomass is reflected on the lining, especially through sticking at the bottom of the reactor. Measures for prolonging the life of lining consist in the reduction of temperature in the reactor, in this case, in order to avoid ash fusion biomass which it is difficult for this type of gasifier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]