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Although surfactants have been proved to be effective in controlling the size and morphology to prepare high-quality two-dimensional (2D) MOF nanosheets, the impact of surfactants remaining on the 2D MOF nanosheets on their microenvironment is rarely reported. In this paper, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as surfactant to synthesize Co-TCPP(Pd) (abbreviated as Co-Pd) nanosheets, and the content of PVP attached to Co-Pd nanosheets was controlled by ethanol treatment, to regulate the microenvironment around Co-Pd nanosheets. The XRD, FT-IR, XPS, TEM, and TG were used to confirm that after ethanol ultrasonic treatment, the PVP content on Co-Pd nanosheets was gradually reduced without damaging the original structure and morphology of Co-Pd nanosheets. PVP attached to Co-Pd nanosheets will slow down the electron migration rate, affecting the microenvironment around co-catalyst Pd, which has been confirmed by EIS, PL and DFT etc. The results exhibited that the Co-Pd-6 obtained by ethanol ultrasonic treatment 6 times showed the more excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity (8284.25 umol·g−1·h−1), which was 4.02 times as that of Co-Pd-0 (2059.59 umol·g−1·h−1) without ethanol ultrasonic treatment), indicating that PVP will have a negative impact on the microenvironment around the co-catalyst, thereby affecting the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance. This study indicates that efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution can be achieved via adjusting the microenvironment around the co-catalyst to promote electron transfer. • Ultra-thin Co-Pd nanosheets integrate photosensitive TCPP and cocatalyst Pd. • The effects of surfactants on the microenvironment around the active center were studied. • DFT confirmed the negative effects of PVP on the microenvironment around the active center. • Ethanol treatment showed excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N ickle (Ni)-rich layered oxides as promising candidate of high-capacity cathode materials have aroused extensive concern primarily regarding their higher specific capacity. However, the major hurdle of Ni-rich cathodes (Ni content ≥0.7) is their poor cycling stability, which often suffers from the release of oxygen, structural degradation and increased impedance during cycling, especially at high voltage or high temperature. Herein, we demonstrated a feasible solid phase method for easy industrialization based on the Al3+/Zr4+ co-doping in LiNi 0.72 Co 0.05 Mn 0.23 O 2 (A X Z Y -NCM) single-crystal cathode. The optimized A 0.5 Z 0.5 -NCM single-crystal material exhibited greatly enhanced structural and thermal stability. XRD refinement results indicated that both Al3+ and Zr4+ were mainly located in transition metal (TM) sites, strengthening the layered structure through strong M-O bonds and inhibiting cation mixing. In-situ XRD revealed that the synergistic rivet effect of Al/Zr co-doping alleviates anisotropic lattice stress-strain during charge/discharge process. Accordingly, the A 0.5 Z 0.5 -NCM cathode can output a high initial capacity of 177.3 mAh g−1 at 1 C, and captured a more desirable capacity retention of 85.10 % than that of U-NCM (74.33 %) at 1 C over 200 cycles. Even at a high voltage of 4.5 V, its capacity retention can still reach 82.37 %, significantly surpassing the unmodified U-NCM (31.0 %). The above results demonstrated that well-designed dual doping is highly effective for strengthen structure stability and cycling performance of Ni-rich cathodes. [Display omitted] • Al/Zr doped LiNi 0.72 Co 0.05 Mn 0.23 O 2 are designed to reveal the synergistic effect of Al/Zr co-doping on boosting structural stability. • The optimized A 0.5 Z 0.5 -NCM achieves the superior thermal stability with their thermal runaway temperature (229.69 oC). • The A 0.5 Z 0.5 -NCM shows excellent cycling stability with 85.1% retention after 200 cycles at 2.8∼4.35 V. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na super ionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 (NZSP) electrolytes, with their excellent safety and high energy density, are a promising candidate material for all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries. However, poor sintering performance and interfacial issues have limited its practical application. Herein, we propose the addition of sintering aids to densify grain boundaries and fine-tune the grain to achieve the densest microstructure, improve interfacial contact with sodium, and realize stable Na plating/stripping cycles at room temperature. (CuO) 2 -(B 2 O 3) 3 (CBO) is selected to reinforce grain boundary densification, inhibit dendrite growth, and ensure interfacial stability upon sintering at the lower temperature of 1000 °C. The optimized NZSP-0.2CBO demonstrates an ion conductivity reaching 6.83×10−4 S cm−1 at room temperature, exhibiting a lower activation energy of 0.27 eV compared to bare NZSP. The interface impedance of Na/NZSP-0.2CBO (34.48 Ω cm²) is significantly lower than that of bare NZSP (373.43 Ω cm²). The corresponding Na/NZSP-0.2CBO/Na exhibits stable deposition/stripping cycles over 850 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 and room temperature, with a low polarization voltage of 65 mV. These superior performances can be attributed to the densification effect that enhances conductivity, enabling a uniform and enhanced Na+ flux across the electrode/electrolyte interface without dendrite formation. A Na/NZSP-0.2CBO/Na 3 V 2 (PO 4) 3 battery is assembled accordingly, exhibiting a capacity of 87.4 mAh g−1for 100 cycles with a capacity retention rate of 84.9 % and a high average coulombic efficiency of 97.6 % at room temperature. [Display omitted] • CBO is the newly discovered sintering additive for the Na super ionic conductor (NASICON)-type Na 3 Zr 2 Si 2 PO 12 (NZSP). • CBO promotes densification and seals grain boundaries from electrons to maintain the interface stability of Na/ NZSP. • The lower interface impedance and the enhanced Na+ flux of Na/NZSP-0.2CBO contribute to this notable cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Sn(IV)-based inorganic-organic metal halides and their doped compounds have attracted much attentions due to their excellent luminescence properties and good stabilities. However, their concrete performance in materials and devices still strongly depends upon the organic molecular structure and relevant mechanisms. Here, a series of Sb3+-doped 0D Sn(IV)-based halides (C 20 H 20 P) 2 SnCl 6 :x% Sb were synthesized by the antisolvent vapor diffusion technique, showing improved luminescence properties and wavelength-dependent emission character. (C 20 H 20 P) 2 SnCl 6 :20% Sb3+ exhibits an efficient warm white emission, which possesses dual bands at 481 and 637 nm with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of 99.2%, at the 320 nm excitation. Moreover, it also gives efficient orange-red emission band at 637 nm with PLQY of 97.1% at the 365 nm excitation. In this 0D Sn(IV) compound, Sb doping tends to form [SbCl 5 ]2-, whose high-energy emission band at 481 nm is from the self-trapped exciton (STE) out of the Sb singlet, and low energy orange-red emission band at 637 nm from the STE out of the Sb triplet. The latter is also accompanied with a DAP (donor-acceptor pair) transition between neighbouring SbCl 5 and SnCl 6 clusters. Their tunable and bright emission and excellent stability of (C 20 H 20 P) 2 SnCl 6 :20% Sb suit for a single-component WLED with warm white light emission as well as an information encryption system as shown. [Display omitted] • A series of 0D Sb3+-doped Sn(IV)-based halides (C 20 H 20 P) 2 SnCl 6 :x% Sb was synthesized. • Both the orange-red emission and warm white emission of (C 20 H 20 P) 2 SnCl 6 :20% Sb have near-unit PLQY. • The incorporated Sb3+ show with five coordination number due to the electronegativity difference between Sb(III) and Sn(IV). • The as-prepared powders show potential applications in solid state lighting and information encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional materials have emerged as potential electrodes for lithium-ion storage, attributed to their adjustable band gap, abundant active sites, and efficient ion/electron transport properties. In this study, we synthesized Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 with layered structures via mechanical alloying and subsequent annealing, investigating its suitability as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries. We employed polyacrylonitrile (PAN) pyrolysis to encapsulate Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 in an amorphous carbon layer, resulting in the decomposition of Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 into Sb 2 Te 3 , Si and Te (denoted as Sb-Si-Te@C composite). This composite electrode exhibited excellent cycling stability, maintaining 505.6 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles (92.2% capacity retention), and enhanced rate performance compared to uncoated Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 , which showed only 98.7 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles (33.1% capacity retention). Furthermore, the electrode expansion rate was significantly curtailed to 80.6% for Sb-Si-Te@C, compared to 174.3% for Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 after 100 cycles. This reduction indicates that the amorphous carbon layer enhances electron transfer during charging and discharging, effectively mitigating the electrode volume changes associated with cycling. These results underscore the potential of two-dimensional Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 -derived composites as a promising anode material in lithium-ion batteries. • Two-dimensional silicon-based materials, Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 , were obtained via solid-state reaction. • An amorphous carbon layer was coated onto Sb 2 Si 2 Te 6 through polyacrylonitrile pyrolysis. • The electrochemical performance of Sb-Si-Te@C composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries was investigated for the first time. • The Sb-Si-Te@C composite anode exhibited long cycling stability and high-rate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicon has much higher theoretical specific capacity than traditional graphite materials (3579 mAh g−1 vs. Graphite: 372mAh g−1). However huge volumetric expansion (∼300%) of silicon seriously reduces its cyclic stability as anode in lithium-ion batteries. Though reduce the size of silicon based composites to nanoscale and tuning their porosity have been extensively studied, above strategies reduce the vibration density of the anode material unsurprisingly, which is not conducive to the advantage of high volumetric capacity anode. In this work, we design a unique graded silicon/carbon powder to maintain excellent energy storage performance at high vibration density. The composite of graded structure is constructed by first particles and second particles. The construction strategy is proved to be adoptable to achieve cost effective production of high performance silicon/carbon composite anode for development of advanced lithium-ion battery. Under the premise of industrial powder materials' production technologies, a graded structure silicon/carbon composite with optimized synthetic condition shows high-reversible capacity of 827.4 mAh g−1 at 200 mAh g−1 (equal to 1464.5 Ah L−1) and it capacity remains at 715.0 mAh g−1 after 800 cycles, with a capacity retention rate of 86.37%, which shows high cycle life. • Composite of silicon/carbon is prepared via industrial compatible processing methods. • It could be easily scaled up without limitation. • Graded structure makes it of high capaciatance, stability and initial coulombic efficiency. • Embedding silicon into volumetric variation tolerable carbon matrix is crucial to achieve above properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is regarded as a promising alternative to traditional Haber-Bosch process for ammonia (NH 3) production. Transition metal tellurides (TMTs) are believed to possess advantageous properties for NRR, but the related investigations remain lacking, let alone the comparison of their NRR catalytic activities under the identical conditions. Herein, a series of single-phase TMTs nano-/micro- materials were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method, including NiTe 2 NRs, Cu 7 Te 4 NPs, ZnTe MPs, Ag 2 Te NWs, CdTe NPs and Bi 2 Te 3 NSs, which were identically evaluated as NRR electrocatalysts in 0.1 M HCl. The most optimal FE of 26.3% and NH 3 yield rate of 43.8 μg h–1 mg cat. –1 are achieved at −0.4 V vs. RHE for NiTe 2 NRs, which are superior to other TMTs samples and the most of recently reported transition metal chalcogenides based electrocatalysts. [Display omitted] • A series of single-phase TMTs nano-/micro- materials were prepared by one-step hydrothermal method. • The NRR catalytic performances of TMTs samples were evaluated under the identical conditions. • The most optimal FE of 26.3% and NH 3 yield rate of 43.8 μg h–1 mg cat. –1 were achieved at −0.4 V vs. RHE for NiTe 2 NRs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of lithium in hydrogen embrittlement (HE) and trapping of Al-Cu-Li alloys were investigated in experimental and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The tensile curves and fracture morphology show that the Li-contained samples are more sensitive to HE than the Li-free samples and the HE sensitivity increases with the aging time expansion. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analyses reveal that the number density of T 1 (Al 2 CuLi) precipitates increases about 66.8% with aging process, suggesting that HE sensitivity is exacerbated by T 1 precipitates. In addition, the lithium in T 1 precipitates, solid solution matrix and solute segregation grain boundaries (GBs) always has a high affinity to hydrogen according to DFT calculations, where T 1 precipitates have the highest hydrogen trapping energy with 0.736 eV/H atom. Moreover, the influence of hydrogen on Al-Cu-Li alloys was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical corrosion analysis. These analyses indicate that hydrogen exists in the form of hydrogen atoms, which results in a reduction in corrosion potential (E corr) from −676.3 mV to −699.3 mV by approximately 20 mV and an increase in corrosion current density (i corr) from 2.1×10−6 A/cm2 to 10.8×10−6 A/cm2 by an order of magnitude. The accumulated hydrogen atoms eventually lead to corrosion pits and blisters on the surface of alloys. [Display omitted] • The Li-contained alloys are more sensitive than the Li-free alloys to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). • The hydrogen trapping energy of T 1 precipitates is higher than those of other in DFT calculations. • The trapped hydrogen atoms decrease the surface corrosion resistance and lead to the corrosion pits and cracks. • The interactions between hydrogen and lithium intensify the transformation of the ductile to brittle fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CdS Quantum dots (QDs) anchored onto the surface of MOF-808 (hereafter designated as CdS QDs@MOF-808) were constructed by solvothermal method and applied for degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible light irradiation. The impacts of pH values and initial concentrations of CIP on adsorption and photocatalytic activity were explored in detail. The as-prepared CdS QDs@MOF-808 composites showed enhanced synergistic adsorption capacity and photocatalytic properties, especially for the CM-20 sample with 20 % CdS QDs loading exhibiting about 5.2 times adsorption capacity (130 mg/g) and approximately 5.5 times photocatalytic removal rate (82 %) for CIP compared with the pristine CdS and MOF-808. Various techniques such as XPS, UV‐vis DRS, Zeta potential, EIS, PL as well as transient photocurrent responses have demonstrated that the synergistic effect of CdS QDs and MOF-808 is ascribed to the enhanced electrostatic interactions and Zr-S forces, improving the utilization of visible light and effectively photogenerated electrons transported from the conduction band of CdS to that of MOF-808. Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) was used to detect the possible intermediates in the degradation process of CIP. [Display omitted] • CdS QDs@MOF-808 composites were constructed by solvothermal method and applied for degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP). • The impacts of pH values and initial CIP concentrations on adsorption and photocatalytic activity were explored in depth. • The CM-20 with 20% CdS QDs loading exhibits excellent adsorption and photocatalytic properties. • The GC-MS was used to analyze the possible intermediates in the degradation process of CIP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rational designing Mo-based heterojunction catalysts as hydrogen evolution catalysts is seriously significant for the widespread utilization of hydrogen energy. Here, the ingenious hierarchical construction of MoP 2 /MoS 2 nanowires was delivered with high conductivity of porous MoP 2 and abundant active sites of defect-rich MoS 2. Under synergistic effect of two materials, this catalyst achieves a dramatically optimized electronic structure to boost hydrogen evolution in all-pH range. The optimal MoP 2 /MoS 2 /CC nanoreactor showed overpotentials of 47.11, 60.16, and 89.83 mV to drive −10 mA cm−2 and Tafel slopes of 51.69, 52.04, and 73.79 mV dec−1 in acidic, alkaline, and neutral media, respectively. This finding may provide an effective approach for elevating the pH-universal electrocatalytic performance in order to achieve industrial hydrogen evolution. • Delicate hierarchical construction of MoP 2 /MoS 2 lead to favorable preformace for HER. • High-dose thiourea hydrothermal prepares defective MoS 2 with plentiful active sites. • Porous semimetallic MoP 2 frame accelerates electron transport. • The MoP 2 /MoS 2 showes tiny overpotentials and robust stability over a wide pH range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To attain superior electrochemical performance, a new series of high-entropy double perovskites are investigated as cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells. In this study, three PrBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 1.5 Fe 0.5 O 5 double perovskites with different dopings of La, Pr, Sm, Gd, Nd, Y elements in A-site, high-entropy oxides (HEOs) cathodes are successfully prepared by EDTA-citrate combustion method and used as potential cathodes for SOFC at intermediate temperature. Three HEOs cathodes all form single phase double perovskite structure and match chemically well with Gd 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 2-δ (GDC) electrolyte. Linear thermal expansion coefficient of (La 0.2 Pr 0.2 Sm 0.2 Gd 0.2 Nd 0.2)Ba 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 1.5 Fe 0.5 O 5 (LPSGNBSCF) at 200–1000 °C range is found to be moderate, 18.39 × 10−6 K−1. Typical anode supported SOFC with LPSGNBSCF cathode exhibits an excellent output performance of 1000 mW cm−2 with a lower polarization resistance of 0.3 Ω cm2 at 800 °C. These results might suggest that LPSGNBSCF can be a potential excellent cathode for SOFC. • High entropy PrBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 1.5 Fe 0.5 O 5+δ cathodes with A-site dopings are prepared. • SOFC with LPSFNBSCF cathode exhibits output performance of 1000 mW cm−2 at 800 °C. • LPSGNBSCF can be a potential cathode for SOFC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of Si and Cu doping on crystal structures, magnetism, and the magnetocaloric effect of EuAl 4 have been investigated. EuAl 4 , EuAl 3.35 Si 0.65 , and EuAl 3.82 Cu 0.18 single crystals grown by the Al flux method are isotypic and crystallize in BaAl 4 -type structure with space group I 4 /mmm. Compared to the pristine compound EuAl 4 , the lattice parameter a keeps almost unchanged and c decreases obviously by Si doping, while a decreases and c increases upon Cu-substitution. These irregular changes in the lattice parameters may contribute to the electronegativity difference between Si and Cu. Cu and Si doping enhances the ferromagnetic interaction, and the direction of easy magnetization changes from the ab plane to the c axis upon the Cu-substitution. Multiple-step metamagnetic transitions are still observed in EuAl 3.35 Si 0.65 as applying the magnetic field along the c axis, while EuAl 3.82 Cu 0.18 shows ferromagnetic behavior along the ab plane and c axis. As a consequence, the low-field magnetocaloric effect is significantly enhanced. The maximum magnetic entropy change under a field change of 20 kOe increases from − 8.4 J/kg K for EuAl 4 to − 12.9 J/kg K for EuAl 3.35 Si 0.65 and − 15.9 J/kg K for EuAl 3.82 Cu 0.18. The corresponding values of refrigerating capacity are 67, 140, and 147 J/kg, respectively. The remarkable magnetocaloric performances suggest that the Cu-doped EuAl 4 compound is an excellent candidate material for low-temperature magnetic refrigeration. • The doping of Si and Cu leads to the contraction of cell volume in EuAl 4 compounds. • Cu substitution enhances the ferromagnetism, and changes the direction of easy magnetization from the ab plane to c axis. • Large low-field magnetocaloric effect is acquired in Cu-doped EuAl 4 single crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, para -aramid nanofiber separators have attracted more attention in lithium metal batteries (LMBs); however, the balance between safety and electrochemical performance remains challenging. Herein, a robust, porous, and thermotolerant separator (ZPBIA) is proposed based on electrospun heterocycle aramid nanofibers and in-situ grown metal-organic framework (MOF). First, introducing H 2 SO 4 enables improved electrospinnability of rigid-chain poly(p-phenylene -benzimidazole-terephthalate) (PBIA) due to hierarchical hydrogen bonds crosslinking network formation. Next, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67) nanosheets anchored in situ on PBIA nanofibers confer high porosity (91%) and good electrolyte wettability to the ZPBIA separator. As a result, the assembled LFP/ZPBIA/Li cell with a high LiFePO 4 (LFP) loading (12 mg cm−2) delivers excellent rate capacity at 5.0 C (76 mAh g−1) and impressive long-term cycling stability at 1.0 C (a minor capacity decay of 0.031% per cycle after 500 cycles). Benefiting from the intrinsic properties of PBIA, the ZPBIA separator possesses high mechanical strength to prevent Li dendrites puncture. Moreover, the open circuit voltage stabilizes at ∼3.4 V from 30 to 150 ℃ for LFP/ZPBIA/Li cell, which is probably applied in high-temperature conditions. This work provides a novel fabrication of functional separators to balance the safety and electrochemical property of LMBs. [Display omitted] • The electrospun heterocyclic aramid nanofibers were prepared for the first time. • Hierarchical hydrogen bond network enhances the electrospinnability of H-aramid. • ZIF-67 in-situ modified H-aramid nanofiber separator was prepared. • The ZPBA separator possesses high porosity and excellent mechanical strength. • LIBs with ZPBIA separator shows superior rate and long-term cycle performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antimony selenide (Sb 2 Se 3) has attracted considerable attention thanks to non-toxic, earth-abundant and exceptional optoelectrical properties. Post-selenization treatment is a widely used approach to improve crystallization and passivate defects for chalcogenide thin-film solar cells. The overall performance of the final device is often significantly affected by the process conditions. Herein, we have systematically explored the influence of selenization pressure on Sb 2 Se 3 thin-film solar cells fabricated via sputtering and post-selenization. High-quality Sb 2 Se 3 thin films without visible voids and blisters have been obtained at an optimized selenization pressure of 0.05 Pa. The optimized Sb 2 Se 3 absorber thin film not only mitigates charge carrier recombination but optimizes the back contact of the device. Consequently, a remarkable efficiency of 7.42 % was obtained for the champion device, paving a simple and effective way to fabricate superior Sb 2 Se 3 absorber thin films and highly efficient solar cells. This study is expected to give insights into post-selenization operating conditions for device efficiency enhancement and to further expand the commercial application of Sb 2 Se 3 thin-film solar cells. • A straightforward and effective way to fabricate superior Sb2Se3 absorber thin films. • With desired working pressure, the harmful blisters and deep defects within the device have been greatly suppressed. • The champion device presents a very competitive power conversion efficiency of 7.42 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work, three kinds of γ-MnS with different morphologies were prepared by solvothermal method and employed to improve the hydrogen storage properties of MgH 2. It was found that spherical γ-MnS had the best catalytic activity. The influences of γ-MnS content and milling time on the hydrogen storage performance of MgH 2 were investigated. The initial hydrogen release of MgH 2 -5(γ-MnS)-5 h composite started at 241 ℃, 4.61 wt% of hydrogen was desorbed within 20 min at 270 ℃, and 4.24 wt% of hydrogen was absorbed within 10 min at 150 ℃. The apparent activation energies of hydrogen absorption and desorption of MgH 2 -5(γ-MnS)-5 h composite decreased to 45.1 and 63.6 kJ/mol, respectively. In addition, the composite also exhibited good cycle performance, which could keep stable in 60 cycles. The results of SEM and TEM declared that the catalyst was uniformly distributed on the matrix during the cycling process, and the worm-like morphology of the sample also had a positive effect on the stability of kinetics. XPS analysis of Mn 2p in the samples showed that only characteristic peaks of γ-MnS 2p were observed in the ball-milled samples, but the characteristic peaks of Mn 2p and α-MnS 2p were observed in the first and tenth hydrogenated samples, while only the peaks of Mn 2p were observed in the sixtieth hydrogenated sample. The formation of Mn not only greatly weakened the Mg-H bond, but also led to a slight increase in cycle capacity. Therefore, γ-MnS-doped MgH 2 manifested a good comprehensive hydrogen storage performance. [Display omitted] • The catalytic properties of γ-MnS with different morphologies were studied. • MgH2–5(γ-MnS) can desorb 4.61 wt% hydrogen within 20 min at 270 °C. • The cycle performance of MgH2–5(γ-MnS) remained stable during 60 cycles. • The evolution of γ-MnS was systematically clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rare earth ions doped nitride is a kind of excellent phosphor for phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs). However, the critical synthesis condition limits the application of nitrides in WLEDs. In this work, we develop a modified carbothermal reduction and nitridation method to synthesize rare earth ions doped LiSr 4 (BN 2) 3 phosphors. The crystal structure, morphology and photoluminescence properties of the obtained phosphors were systematically investigated. Intense blue emitting is achieved in Ce3+ doped LSBN with internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 85.7 % and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 45.5 %. The emitting color can be tuned from blue to green by co-doping with different amounts of Tb3+ ions. Near unit IQE is achieved in LSBN:Ce 0.5 mol%, Tb 5 mol%. The obtained phosphors exhibit excellent thermal and color stability at temperature range of 300–523 K. A WLED is fabricated by coating LSBN:Ce 0.5 mol%, Tb 5 mol% and commercial CaAlSiN 3 :Eu2+ on a 370-nm chip. The rare earth ions doped LSBN phosphors with high QE and excellent thermal stability in this work are promising candidates for WLEDs • A modified carbothermal reduction and nitridation method is developed to synthesis Ce3+/Tb3+ doped LiSr 4 (BN 2) 3 phosphors.. • The obtained phosphors exhibit near unit internal quantum efficiency and high thermal stability. • The crystal structure and optical properties of the obtained phosphors are studied in detail. • A WLED device is fabricated basing on the obtained Ce3+/Tb3+ doped LiSr 4 (BN 2) 3 phosphors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on the superconducting transport properties of B-doped FeSe 0.5 Te 0.5 single crystals grown by the self-flux method. The structure and superconductivity of these samples were carefully analyzed using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and electrical transport measurements. The crystal structure owns the same tetragonal symmetry as PbO. The B-doped samples show a more significant electronic anisotropy in the superconducting state. Microstructural analysis shows that B-doping of FeSe 0.5 Te 0.5 increases the Fe content in the single crystal samples. B-doping decreases T c slightly, resulting in lower irreversibility lines. This work revealed the physical effects of B-doping in FeSe 0.5 Te 0.5 superconductors and inspired a way to regulate the superconductivity through elemental manipulation. • We have successfully grown B-doped Fe(Se, Te) crystal samples and reported superconductivity. • The B-doped Fe(Se, Te) crystal samples that the B and Te element reacts preferentially. • With B doping of the Fe(Se, Te) samples, B irr (0) decreases both due to a decrease in T c and increased anisotropy. • Mechanistic analysis of the suppression of superconductivity in the B-doped Fe(Se, Te) crystal samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As one of the most commonly used binary alloys, the effect of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) of Al-Cu alloys in powder metallurgy on their structure and properties is instructive for tailoring Al-Cu alloys for different applications. In this investigation, a series of Al-Cu-Ag alloys with varying Cu compositions were fabricated via hot pressing. TEM analysis identified CuAl 2 as the primary intermetallic compounds, with Ag existing in forms including Ag 2 Al, elemental Ag, and an Ag-(Cu) solid solution. The modulation of Cu content influenced the state of Ag and the mechanical behaviors of the Al-Cu-Ag alloy. Particularly, the high Al/Cu alloy, benefiting from a synergistic effect comprising stacking faults, nanoscale precipitates, and solid solutions, exhibited outstanding mechanical properties. Conversely, the Al-50Cu-3Ag alloys displayed significant brittleness, attributed to the adverse impact of large-scale intermetallic compounds and increased grain size due to the formation of CuAl 2. The incorporation of nanoparticles effectively mitigated the grain size in high Al/Cu alloys. This study elucidates the correlation between the evolution of intermetallic compounds and composition in Al-Cu alloys, offering novel insights into the reinforcement of both Al-based and Cu-based alloys. • The effect of IMCs of Al-Cu alloys on their structure and properties is instructive for tailoring Al-Cu alloys for different applications. • Changes in Cu content can greatly affect the properties of intermetallic compounds, and the morphology of Ag. • High Al and high Cu content Al-Cu-Ag alloys attributed to the effect of Orowan strengthening and stacking fault formation. • Massive formation of IMCs leads to mechanical behavior of Al-50Cu-3Ag alloys that similar to ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to improve the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, and to this end, AZ31 Mg alloy was subjected to laser surface re-melting using a fiber laser. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was conducted on the microstructures of the re-melted surfaces under various laser power settings, and the influence of laser surface re-melting on corrosion characteristics was investigated through a potentiodynamic polarization test. The test results show that laser surface re-melting produced a distinct reduction in the crystallite size of magnesium, ranging from 11.23–15.80 μm within the laser-melted layers. The maximum melted layer thickness of 820 μm was achieved with a laser power of 2100 W. The process of laser surface re-melting notably heightened the hardness, particularly as the power increased, which was attributed to swift solidification. The most noteworthy hardness measurement of 92.1 HV 0.02 was recorded at 2100 W. Thus, the study shows that laser surface re-melting significantly enhances the corrosion resistance of Mg alloys, primarily owing to the formation of a corrosion product. The smaller grain size on the surface contributes to the formation of a dense product film. [Display omitted] • The surface grain size of magnesium alloy decreases with the decrease of laser remelting power. • The surface remelting process can eliminate internal dislocations and reduce crystal defects. • Laser surface remelting induces the strengthening effect by refining the grains and the second phase particles. • After laser remelting treatment, the corrosion rate decreases, resulting in enhanced corrosion resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MnO attracts increasing attention as a lithium-ion battery anode material due to large theoretical capacity and relatively low cost, but its highly instable structure and low conductivity severely plague cycling stability. In addition to improved performance, easy preparation is also important for the development of MnO anode, and hence both of these aspects need attention. Toward this end, herein, a high-performance MnO-based anode material, composed of carbon coated porous nanoclusters assembled from smaller secondary Fe-doped MnO nanoparticles (denoted as Fe-MnO@C), has been prepared through a facile route. The findings demonstrate that the combination of Fe doping and carbon coating enables Fe-MnO@C to have higher structural stability and faster electrochemical kinetics than MnO and MnO@C counterparts. As a result, Fe-MnO@C anode shows outstanding lithium storage performances, maintaining 1038.4 and 512.3 mAh g−1 at 200 and 1000 mA g−1 after 320 and 400 cycles, respectively. Finally, this work not only offers a feasible method for improving MnO anode performance, but also gives a constructive reference for designing facile methods to prepare other advanced metal oxide-based anode materials. [Display omitted] • Dual modification strategies of Fe doping and carbon coating of MnO were achieved simultaneously. • This way offered MnO improved structural stability and electrochemical kinetics. • The as-prepared Fe-MnO@C anode exhibited long life and high capacity. • The findings gave a constructive reference for improving other metal oxide anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The structural dimensions of the materials and the design of the components are important factor to optimize the electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. Herein, Ni nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped carbon-based composites (Ni@NC/NCNTs) were successfully synthesized under high-temperature carbonization by introducing dicyandiamide (DCDA) into flake-assembled flower spherical Ni-based metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF). The influence of the composition and structure of Ni@NC/NCNTs on the absorption properties of EMW are revealed by changing the carbonization temperature. It could be found that the Ni@NC/NCNT-600 composite exhibits a good absorption capacity in the C-band (4–8 GHz). At a filler loading of 30 wt%, its optimal reflection loss (RL) is −34.22 dB at 4.88 GHz. In addition, the effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 4.2 GHz could be obtained at 1.8 mm. And Ni@NC/NCNT-1000 composite also achieve the same bandwidth at thin thicknesses (1.21 mm). The reasonable adjustment of the filler loading and carbonization temperature would effectively improve the permittivity and achieve a good impedance matching. The multiple loss mechanisms make Ni@NC/NCNTs have excellent EMW absorption performance. The optimal RL of Ni@NC/NCNTs-800 composite could reach −56.05 dB at 3.32 mm thickness with 25 wt% filler loading. Therefore, it provides some ideas for developing high-performance carbon-based composites with three-dimensional conductive network structure. • The conductive network anemone-like Ni@NC/NCNTs composites were obtained at high temperature. • The pyrolysis temperature affects the electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption properties. • One-dimensional CNTs as conductive bridges enhanced the EMW absorption performance. • Multiple loss mechanisms cooperate to improve the attenuation ability of EMW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three ageing treatments, known as T6, T74, and P-T74 (a pre-ageing treatment followed by a T74 treatment) were carried out to investigate their effects on aluminium alloy 7N01. The aspects investigated included the alloy's mechanical properties, microstructure, electrochemical behaviours, and resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). The experimental results showed that in comparison with T74, P-T74 can effectively increase the density of GPI zones in the early stage giving rise to more nucleation sites for the subsequent η′ phase. T74 guarantees more GPII zones than does T6, but only a fraction can transform into the η' phase, which leads to the lowest hardness and mechanical strength of all treated alloys studied here. Compared with the T6 and T74 ageing treatments, P-T74 showed the highest self-corrosion potential, lowest self-corrosion current density, and largest spacing between the η phase along the grain boundaries, which was an indicator of its increased resistance to SCC. • The P-T74 treatment can effectively increase the density of GPI zones and GPII zones in the early stage and giving more nucleation site for the subsequent η′ phase. • Compared with alloy in T6 and T74 aging, the alloy in P-T74 shows an increase in the resistance to SCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible supercapacitors (SCs) are pivotal in the development of wearable and portable electronic devices because of their exceptional power density, high charge/discharge rates, extended cycle life, lightweight, and flexibility. Graphene (G)-based macroscopic materials, such as one-dimensional fibers, two-dimensional films, and three-dimensional aerogels, exhibit a large specific surface area, low mass, excellent flexibility, and high conductivity. These properties make them highly suitable for use as flexible electrode materials in SCs. However, the low energy density of G-based materials hinders their application in certain fields. Iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3) has garnered considerable attention as a negative electrode material because of its low cost, high theoretical capacity, and environmentally friendly nature. However, its practical application is limited because of its poor cycling stability, easy agglomeration, and low electrical conductivity. The combination of G with Fe 2 O 3 to form a composite material not only addresses the issues of volume change and agglomeration associated with Fe 2 O 3 , but also establishes a robust conductive network that improves the electrochemical performance of composite electrodes. Therefore, the construction of SCs using Fe 2 O 3 /G composite electrodes has gained considerable research attention in recent years. We present a comprehensive review of the recent progress in the design of Fe 2 O 3 /G composites as electrode materials for flexible SCs. In addition, we discuss the current challenges and future prospects associated with the use of Fe 2 O 3 /G composites in flexible SCs. [Display omitted] • Recent progress in the design of iron oxide/graphene composites as electrode materials for flexible SCs is reviewed. • The fabrication methods are discussed in depth to provide insight into various development strategies. • The design strategies of iron oxide/graphene composites with different dimensions were comprehensively discussed. • Challenges in iron oxide/graphene composites-based flexible supercapacitors development were described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid surge in sales of electronic devices and electric vehicles has created an ever-increasing demand for batteries that excel in terms of both safety and energy density. Solid-state batteries (SSBs), as compared to conventional liquid electrolyte-based lithium-ion batteries, have emerged as pioneers at the forefront of the transformation of lithium-ion battery technology, distinguished by their exceptional safety features and elevated energy density. Among the numerous candidate materials in the realm of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), the garnet-type Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) stands out due to its exceptional ionic conductivity, shear modulus, and chemical stability. However, inadequate contact between LLZO and the cathode, anode, and even within LLZO itself have been a substantial impediment to the practical application of solid-state batteries. In this review, we delve deeply into the diverse types of interfaces and the associated challenges they present, providing a meticulous analysis of improvement strategies tailored to each specific issue. Finally, we offer an extensive discussion on the challenges and prospective future developments of LLZO in the realm of SSBs, with the aim of contributing to the sustainable advancement of energy storage technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional Ti 3 C 2 MXene with high bulk density can act as prospective electrode material to construct high volumetric energy density supercapacitors. Herein, a series of nitrogen-doped Ti 3 C 2 (N-Ti 3 C 2) films are successfully synthesized by adjusting the quantity of urea using a facile solvothermal method. The incorporation of nitrogen atoms can enlarge interlayer spacing and diminish -F terminal groups of Ti 3 C 2 to promote the diffusion and intercalation of electrolyte ions, and bring about defect sites to provide more electrochemical reactive sites, thus improving the specific capacitance of N-Ti 3 C 2. As a result, the 2.0 N-Ti 3 C 2 film shows the highest volumetric capacitance of 2898.5 F cm−3 at scan rate of 2 mV s−1 in 3 M H 2 SO 4 solution, which is mainly attributed to its high pyridinic N content and low -F terminal groups. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that the doped N atoms have a higher adsorption energy for protons to enhance the pseudocapacitance of 2.0 N-Ti 3 C 2 electrode, and the increased density of states demonstrate the improvement of its electric conductivity after N doping, which promotes the rate performance of 2.0 N-Ti 3 C 2 electrode. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor based on 2.0 N-Ti 3 C 2 film delivers a high volumetric energy density of 40.8 Wh L−1 and good cycling stability. Our work provides an effective and alternative strategy to improve capacitance of other MXenes for high-performance supercapacitors. [Display omitted] • Flexible nitrogen-doped Ti 3 C 2 films are synthesized by a solvothermal method. • Nitrogen atoms can enlarge interlayer spacing and generate defect sites in Ti 3 C 2. • High pyridinic N can act as electron-donors to absorb more electrolyte ions of H+. • Low -F terminal groups are beneficial to enhance pseudocapacitance of N-Ti 3 C 2. • Optimal 2.0 N-Ti 3 C 2 shows a volumetric capacitance of 2898.5 F cm−3 at 2 mV s−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetism and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) of some rare-earth (RE)-based oxides have attracted special attention due to their interesting physical and chemical properties, such as easy fabrication and high chemical stability. In this paper, the CaErAlO 4 polycrystal compound synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state method manifests the considerable second-order reversible MCE near the temperature of liquid helium. This compound crystallizes in the perovskite-like K 2 NiF 4 -type structure with the space group of I 4/mmm. The negative paramagnetic Curie temperature suggests that antiferromagnetism is dominant in the material and the moderate magnetization is mainly contributed by the ferromagnetic interaction in the sample. The measured isothermal magnetic entropy changes (∆ S M) at 3 K are 14.3 and 22.9 J/kg K under 0–20 and 0–50 kOe field changes, respectively. They are greater than those of most RE-based oxides. Our results indicate that the CaErAlO 4 compound is a promising candidate for cryogenic magnetic refrigeration. • Polycrystal CaErAlO4 was synthesized by the high temperature solid state method. • The antiferromagnetic interaction is dominant in the ground state of the material. • Magnetic entropy changes of CaErAlO4 surpass those of many materials near 3 K. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microporosity and second phases are typical components for casting 2050 alloy. In this paper, the evolution of both microporosity and the second phases during hot deformation of casting 2050 Al-Li alloy was studied. Firstly, based on industrial CT technology, the typical morphology characteristics of micropores during the hot deformation process of the alloy were studied and related statistics were carried out. The results show that with the increase of deformation strain, the volume, volume ratio, and porosity of the micropores gradually decreased, and the roundness gradually increased. Secondly, the detailed evolution mechanism of the second phases during hot deformation was studied by SEM, XRD, and TEM. It was found that with the increase of deformation strain, the thin plate T 1 phase gradually undergoes shearing and exhibits bend-shaped morphology in the SEM image, which was essentially a process of stress transfer from Al matrix to the T 1 phase. Meanwhile, the T 1 phase also experienced thinning and secondary precipitation. This is mainly attributed to the intensive interaction between the alloying elements within T 1 phase and the dislocations pile-up around T 1 phase during the hot deformation process. While for the large-size intermetallic phase AlCuFeMn, it breaks up gradually and oxide inclusion is generated at the broken site, which provides favorable conditions for the initiation and propagation of cracks during hot deformation. From TEM observation, it is found that there is Al 6 Mn intermetallic phase in the alloy matrix with different morphologies under different deformation strains. When the deformation strain reaches 70%, a large number of nanometer Al 6 Mn particles are dynamically precipitated near the dislocations. • Based on industrial CT technology, the typical morphological characteristics of microporosity during the hot deformation of 2050 Al-Li alloy were studied. • The second phase present in the as-cast and hot-deformed forms of 2050 Al-Li alloy were investigated to reveal the evolution of second phase during the hot-deformation process. • The second phase present in the as-cast and hot-deformed forms of 2050 Al-Li alloy were investigated to reveal the evolution of second phase during the hot-deformation process. • The Al6Mn intermetallic phase shows different morphologies during hot deformation. And a large number of nanoscale Al6Mn particles are dynamically precipitated near the dislocations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The thermal shock stability and oxidation resistance of Al 2 O 3 –C refractories are of critical importance for iron and steel making processes. In rapid and repeated thermal shock environments, materials require excellent thermal shock stability and oxidation resistance. In this study, nano-BN synthesized was used to introduce Al 2 O 3 –C refractories, as well as in evaluating the oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of the materials. The results shows that B 2 O 3 was formed rapidly in the refractory containing nano-BN under low temperature oxidation, hence, it led to the decrease of the formation temperature of the dense insulating layer. As a result, the low temperature oxidation resistance of the material was improved. Simultaneously, at high temperatures, Al 18 B 4 O 33 enhanced the formation kinetics of Al 6 Si 2 O 13 by providing epitaxial nucleation sites, forming a synergistic structure of Al 18 B 4 O 33 and Al 6 Si 2 O 13. This change promoted the connection of the oxide layer, thereby greatly improving the oxidation resistance of the material. Moreover, the introduction of nano-BN was beneficial for improving the thermal shock stability of Al 2 O 3 –C refractories. • Oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of low-carbon Al 2 O 3 –C refractories were improved by synthesize nano-BN. • An oxidation model of the synergistic effect of mullite-type Al 18 B 4 O 33 and Al 6 Si 2 O 13 were proposed. • Oxidation resistance mechanism of low-carbon Al 2 O 3 –C refractories were clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the three-dimensional needled carbon fiber reinforced C-SiC-TiC ceramic composites (C f /C-SiC-TiC) were successfully fabricated by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) and Ti, Si mixed powders (Si content is the eutectic point of the Ti-Si alloy, 9.2 w.t.%) reactive melt infiltration (RMI) process. The open porosity and bulk density were about 4.71% and 2.14 g/cm3. The formation and distribution of the composites were investigated by XRD and EDS maps, and no residual Ti or Si phases were found. TiC and a layered SiC ceramics were formed in carbon fiber reinforced pyrolytic carbon (C f /C) preforms due to the in situ reaction between pyrolytic carbon and Ti, Si powders. Their mechanical properties were improved compared with C f /C-SiC composites. The flexural strength, flexural modulus and failure strains of the prepared composites were 218.44 ± 16.23 MPa, 68.17 ± 8.69 GPa and 2.22 ± 0.12%, respectively. In addition, the C f /C-SiC-TiC composites showed a pseudoplastic fracture behavior because of debonding and pullout of fibers as well as propagation and deflection of cracks. Furthermore, the enhanced mechanism of the composites was proposed. • The C/C-SiC-TiC composites were prepared by RMI method and no residual Ti or Si exist in the matrix of the composites. • SiC forms a good transition layer between pyrolytic carbon and TiC. • The interface properties of the C/C-SiC-TiC composites are improved due to the presence of the SiC layer, so that the mechanical properties of the prepared composites are improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of burnishing-assisted two-stage aging (BATSA), including pre-aging, burnishing, and subsequent aging (SA) on the microstructural evolution, precipitation, and hardening behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy were systematically investigated. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, small-angle X-ray scattering, and Vickers microhardness tests were used to analyze the above-mentioned characteristics of the burnished-layer alloys and the matrix-layer alloys, respectively. The BATSA treatment promotes a concentrated distribution of precipitate sizes, delaying phase coalescence and maintaining a relatively dispersed precipitate distribution. Moreover, the persistent nucleation of Guinier-Preston (GP) zones in burnished alloys was observed during SA. These results are conducive to the enhancement of the dislocation storage capacity of nano/ultra fine-grained alloys (the decrease in dislocation density of pre-aged burnished alloy was about 65% that of non-pre-aged burnished alloy). Based on this, dynamic nucleation induced by pre-aging and burnishing resulted in a better synergy of multiple strengthening mechanisms, significantly shortening the time to peak hardness in pre-aged burnished alloys to about 1/3 that in non-pre-aged matrix alloys, and maintaining hardness stability. Moreover, it was found that the critical width of the in situ phase transformation from GPII zone to η' precipitate can be as low as 3–4 at. planes. [Display omitted] • Burnishing-assisted two-stage aging accelerates hardening and stabilizes hardness. • Delayed intragranular phase coalescence enhances dislocation storage capacity. • Burnishing optimizes multiple hardening mechanisms through dynamic nucleation. • In-situ η' phase nucleation can occur in GPII zone with 3–4 at. layers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing (AM) of alloys has attracted much attention in recent years for making geometrically complex engineering parts owing to its unique benefits, such as high flexibility and low waste. The in-service performance of AM parts is dependent on the microstructures and grain boundary networks formed during AM, which are often significantly different from their wrought counterparts. Characteristics such as grain size and morphology, texture, and the detailed grain boundary network are known to control various mechanical and corrosion properties. Advanced understanding on how AM parameters affect the formation of these microstructural characteristics is hence critical for optimising processing parameters to unlock superior properties. In this study, the difficult-to-weld nickel-based superalloy Inconel 738 was fabricated via electron-beam powder bed fusion (EPBF) following linear and random scanning strategies. Random scanning resulted in finer, less elongated, and crystallographically more random grains compared to the linear strategy. However, both scanning strategies achieve unique high grain structure stability up to 1250 ℃ due to the presence of carbides pinning the grain boundaries. Despite significant difference in texture and morphology, majority of grains terminated on {100} habit planes in both linear and random built samples. The results show potential for controlling grain boundary networks during EPBF by tuning scan strategies. • Electron powder bed fusion Inconel 738 builds possess thermally stable grain structures up to 1250 ℃. • Change of scanning strategy from linear to random results in texture randomization and grain refinement. • The unique thermal stability can be due to the pinning of grain boundaries by carbides. • Grain boundaries mostly terminate on {100} habit planes irrespective of the scanning strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electromagnetic pollution resulting from the electronic communication can be mitigated by using microwave absorbers. The magnetic N-doped carbon foams with diverse surface morphologies as absorbers were synthesized via alkalization treatment, hydrothermal reaction, and carbothermic reduction reaction. The microstructure, electromagnetic parameters, and microwave absorption properties can be tailored by adjusting thermal treatment temperatures. The results indicated that the composites exhibit exceptional microwave absorption properties, with a minimum reflection loss of −44.15 dB at 11.18 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.3 GHz at a thickness of 1.53 mm. The exceptional microwave absorption properties can be attributed to the synergistic effect of superior impedance matching, robust dielectric loss, and magnetic loss. The far-field radar cross section (RCS) is also reduced, achieving a maximum RCS reduction value of 14.6 dBm2. The present study presents a novel concept for the fabrication of lightweight and broadband microwave absorbing materials. • The magnetic foams with diverse surface morphologies were synthesized. • The composite exhibits high-performance microwave absorption. • Electromagnetic properties and absorption mechanisms were investigated in detail. • An effective absorption bandwidth of 5.3 GHz can be achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work the effects of Al and Ti element addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of CoCrNi medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) has been investigated. A novel (AlTi) 2x (CoCrNi) 100–2x MEAs was fabricated by using powder plasma arc additive manufacturing technique. The influences of Al and Ti elements on the microstructure, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms were analyzed by XRD, EBSD and TEM. The (AlTi) 2x (CoCrNi) 100–2x MEAs exhibited columnar crystal structure, but the average grain size and texture decreased continuously with increasing values of x. Moreover, tensile test results showed that (CoCrNi) 90 Al 5 Ti 5 alloy possessed strength-ductility balance (yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation to failure of 664 MPa, 897 MPa and 19.3 %, respectively). The analysis on the strengthening mechanism showed that the solid solution strengthening effect was more dominant with increasing of the x in all alloys. (CoCrNi) 94 Al 3 Ti 3 and (CoCrNi) 90 Al 5 Ti 5 have similar average grain sizes, wherein the difference in mechanical properties between both the alloys can be mainly attributed to the formation of fine grain sizes. (CoCrNi) 90 Al 5 Ti 5 has a small amount of dislocations, solid solution strengthening and grain boundary strengthening are the main sources of the excellent properties. • A novel (AlTi) 2x (CrCoNi) 100–2x MEAs were firstly produced by powder plasma arc additive manufacturing. • The (CoCrNi) 90 Al 5 Ti 5 MEA reaches a balance between strength and ductility well comparing with the current HEAs/MEAs. • The main strengthening contributions are solid solution strengthening and grain boundary strengthening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intermediate-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells (IT-SOECs) have recently attracted great interest in steam electrolysis. However, the performance of IT-SOECs is substantially influenced by the polarization loss encountered at the traditional hydrogen electrode interface. Herein, we reported an innovative approach to address this challenge by modifying the interface of hydrogen electrode and electrolyte. NiO-BaZr 0.1 Ce 0.7 Y 0.2 O 3-δ (NiO-BZCY) nanocomposite with an even distribution of NiO and BZCY was synthesized by a one-step combustion method and utilized to fabricate a hydrogen electrode functional layer (HFL). In comparison with the conventional hydrogen electrode fabricated by the ball-milling method, the developed double-layer hydrogen electrode structure exhibits a gradient porosity with macropores at the electrode substrate and micropores at HFL. The optimized electrode microstructure provides both adequate gas diffusion pathway and enlarged three-phase-boundary for effective electrochemical reaction. Consequently, the polarization loss is significantly reduced, leading to a discernible enhancement in the electrolysis performance of the IT-SOECs. [Display omitted] • The cathode microstructure is modified with hydrogen electrode functional layer made by one-step combustion of NiO-BZCY. • The graded-porous structure improves gas diffusion and triple-phase boundary length in hydrogen electrode. • High current density of 0.74 A cm−2 is achieved at 1.3 V and 700 °C. • The polarization loss is effectively reduced at the cathode/electrolyte interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lead halide perovskite solar cells can be significantly improved with multifunctional additives such as carbon dots (CDs) with amine terminals via defect passivation and band alignment. Here, we determine rational guidelines for the usage of such quantum dots in perovskite solar cells by systematically studying their effects on crystal quality and carrier transport. The amine-terminated CDs homogeneously dispersed in precursors improve the crystal quality of perovskite films, but they reduce the hole mobility hampering hole extraction. In contrast, CDs deposited between the electron transport layer and active layer could promote spin-coated film quality and electron's extraction efficiently. So, the approaches of the carbon dots in device alters semiconductor properties and energy level structure. Interface engineering achieve better crystal quality and energy level alignment, which in turn affects charge collection, thereby increasing current density and power conversion efficiency. According to the findings of this study, when considering defect passivation by additives, the energy band alignment of the device should also be considered, since this could change carrier dynamics and device performance differently. [Display omitted] • Based on the effects of amine-terminated carbon dots, a rational guideline for the use of such CDs in perovskite solar cells was determined. • Carbon dots are able to passivate grain boundaries, optimize device interfaces, improve film morphology, align energy levels, and enhance carrier mobility. • The CDs homogeneously dispersed in precursors improve the crystal quality of perovskite films, but they increased energy barrier and hampered hole extraction. • The interface engineering via depositing the CDs between the electron transport layer and the active layer improves film quality and promotes electron extraction. • The interface engineering suggested comprehensive improvements over the precursor engineering, thereby leading to current density and power conversion efficiency changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The glass with components of 50SiO 2 -20B 2 O 3 -20Na 2 O-6ZnO-3MoO 3 -1Y 2 O 3 (mol%) was synthesized by the melt-quenching method, and the corresponding glass-ceramics were obtained after heat treatment. The crystallization behavior of the glass was characterized by the DSC test. By carefully examining the structure and grain size of the NaY(MoO4) 2 crystals with scheelite structure using XRD and SEM, it can be confirmed that the crystal size steadily increases after increasing the crystallization temperature or extending the crystallization time, which is in the range of 27–45 nm. The transmittance of glass-ceramics somewhat declines compared to the precursor glass, although it remains high (>80 %). Under the excitation of 365 nm, the glass-ceramic shows a broad emission band, which is related to the charge transfer of Mo6+→O2- in the [MoO 4 ]2- unit. The glass-ceramic is heat-treated at 590 °C for 3 h as the optimal heat treatment schedule, and its CIE chromaticity coordinate is located in the blue-light region, indicating the potential application of the non-rare-earth-doped self-activated light-emitting glass-ceramics containing single-phase NaY(MoO4) 2 in the blue light-emitting field. • Transparent glass-ceramics with single-phase NaY(MoO4) 2 were obtained. • Optimum heat treatment schedule was determined to be 590 °C for 3 h. • A kind of self-activated blue luminescent material without rare earth was prepared. • Glass-ceramic containing NaY(MoO4) 2 can be applied to blue light display devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of wide-band microwave absorbing materials based on carbonaceous fillers remains a great challenge. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNT) assembled coronal hollow clusters with efficient microwave absorbing performance have been obtained through successive hydrothermal and calcination process. Microstructural analysis reveals the distinct features of multiple assembly structures in the fabricated materials. The electromagnetic responses of Ni/CNT assembled clusters were examined across a frequency range of 2–18 GHz. Results demonstrate that the microwave frequency dispersion of electromagnetic parameters and reflection loss of Ni/CNT clusters are strongly influenced by weight loading. Multi-absorbing peaks with reflection loss better than − 40 dB could be achieved, while the equivalent absorbing band for RL < −10 dB covers 3.2–18 GHz, which account for 92.5% of the whole evaluated frequency range, and 62.5% for condition of RL < −20 dB. Furthermore, intrinsic attenuation beyond thickness derived semi-wavelength resonant absorption makes a major contribution to this superior performance. The underlying mechanism of dielectric response was investigated through Cole-Cole analysis and finite element simulation. 'Micro-dipoles' relaxation and hopping relaxation originated from defects within CNT and barrier between CNT, while the high magnetic dissipation capability of Ni nanoparticles make a major contribution to overall absorbing performance. All these are beneficial to regulation and optimization of microwave absorption performance of novel Ni/ CNT functionalized multistage architecture. [Display omitted] • Ni/CNT clusters were prepared through a sample solvothermal method; • Carbon nanotubes were assembled in situ into coronal hollow spherical multilayer carbon nanotube clusters; • The absorption efficiency of CNT is improved by anisotropic strong dielectric loss and multi-layer structure. • The microwave absorption of the new Ni/ CNT functionalized multistage structure greatly improves the performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Zr 0.25 Hf 0.25 Ti 0.25 Ta 0.25)C high-entropy ceramics (ZHTTC) with exceptional compressive strength were prepared by spark plasma sintering at different temperatures (1900–2200 ℃). The effect of average grain size on compressive strength were investigated. The results indicate that the compressive strength degrades with the increase of the average grain size. The grain growth from 3.309 ± 0.603–9.25 ± 1.98 µm as the temperature elevated from 1900 to 2200 ℃. The ZHTTC-1900 achieves the maximum compressive strength of 3620 ± 180 MPa, while the compressive strength of ZHTTC-2200 is 1912 ± 203 MPa, which is 47 % lower than that of ZHTTC-1900. The increase of sintering temperature not only causes the increased average grain size, but also induces the decrease of grain boundary precipitation sites and adhesion of grain boundaries. The above reasons result in the degradation of compression properties. • ZHTTC-1900 with exceptional compressive strength of 3620 ± 180 MPa was achieved. • The segregation of Zr, Hf at the GB and grain refinement result in the exceptional compressive strength of ZHTTC-1900. • Effect of SPS conditions on grainsize was addressed, increased grainsize causes a 47 % decrease of compressive strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The green and facile synthesis of high performance anodes is of significant importance for development of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a novel coordination chemistry-assisted method is demonstrated to successfully prepare a superior performance Fe 2 O 3 /C composite anode for LIBs. This method does not involve time-consuming pre-preparation of carbon materials and use of expensive sophisticated instruments and multiple harmful reagents, exhibiting relatively green and facile features over most of other methods. This Fe 2 O 3 /C composite consists of Fe 2 O 3 nanoparticles embedded in a porous carbon sheets assembled hierarchical matrix. Moreover, it finds that this beneficial architecture endows as-prepared Fe 2 O 3 /C with improved conductivity, enhanced kinetics, high capacitive contribution and good structure stability. In consequence, this Fe 2 O 3 /C anode exhibits superior electrochemical properties such as high capacity, long life and good rate performance, with 756.1 and 545.4 mA h g−1 after 200 cycles at 200 and 1000 mA g−1, respectively. The relatively ecofriendly and simple preparation process as well as superior electrochemical performance make this Fe 2 O 3 /C anode promising for LIB application. This work also offers a guiding significance for designing and developing ecofriendly and facile preparation methods of other metal oxides/carbon composites for advanced LIB anodes. [Display omitted] • A novel coordination chemistry-assisted method was used to prepare Fe 2 O 3 /C composite. • This method exhibited relatively green and facile features over other methods. • The effect of structure on lithium storage performance of Fe 2 O 3 /C was clarified. • The as-prepared Fe 2 O 3 /C showed superior performance as LIB anodes. • This work offered a guiding significance for preparing other metal oxide/carbon composite anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

YbFeO 3 exhibits spin switching (SSW) and spin reorientation transition (SRT) at low temperatures, but its mediocre magnetocaloric properties limit its further applications. As for TbFeO 3 showing a large magnetocaloric effect, its SSW is missing. Motivated by this, we chemically put Yb and Tb with a ratio of 1:3 on the rare-earth site. Potential applications of magnetic and magnetocaloric properties are both preserved in one single phase Yb 0.25 Tb 0.75 FeO 3 , which is exceptional among the rare-earth orthoferrites. Spin switching temperature (T SSW) in the field-cooled-cooling mode increases to around 100 K compared with YbFeO 3. A novel multiple SSW emerges in the field-cooled-warming mode originating from the complex competing magnetic interactions between Yb/Tb and Fe sublattices. We also addressed the mechanism of spin modification of magnetic ions with temperatures. Arrott plots created from the isothermal magnetization curves demonstrate that SRT is a second-order phase transition. The negative entropy change (refrigeration capacity) vs. temperatures [ − ∆ S m (RC) vs. T ] diagrams indicate that the − ∆ S m (RC) are effectively increased compared with YbFeO 3 by rare-earth doping. The pronounced magnetic refrigeration performance and SSW effect with a low-field dependence make it promising to be employed in both magnetic sensing and refrigeration devices. [Display omitted] ● The spin-switching effect appears in both cooling and warming mode. ● The multiple spin-switching effect are observed. ● The intronic mechanism of magnetic sublattices spin flipping is depicted. ● The giant magnetocaloric effect is observed. ● Magnetic refrigeration is highly improved compared with YbFeO 3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent advances in the synthesis and characterization of one-dimensional infrared sensitive materials have engendered broad interest due to their possible outstanding performance for infrared spectrum detection. In this work, two kinds of nanorod arrays (NRAs), Hg 50 Cd 7.91 Te 42.02 and Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 , were successfully prepared on quartz and silicon substrate via tailoring the growth conditions for the first time. The growth mechanism of both NRAs followed the Stranski-Krastanov model. The unique XRD patterns of two NRAs could not be completely corresponded to any JCPDS card owing to their nonstandard components. TEM results showed that the single nanorod from both NRAs was consisted of the unique symmetrical crystalline grain. It was interesting to observe that the IR absorption of both NRAs could cover the near-IR and middle-IR simultaneously. Moreover, the Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 NRAs showed the novel periodicity absorption peaks due to their particular ordered symmetrical structure. Finally, we found the Hg 50 Cd 7.91 Te 42.02 NRAs exhibited novel heat effect and the Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 NRAs showed excellent photoresponse property under the IR light illumination with wavelength of 1.1 μm. • Hg 50 Cd 7.91 Te 42.02 and Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 NRAs were obtained on two substrates for the first time. • Hg 50 Cd 7.91 Te 42.02 and Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 NRAs were consisted of the symmetrical crystalline grain. • Hg 50 Cd 7.91 Te 42.02 and Hg 10.32 Cd 26.37 Te 63.31 NRAs showed heat effect and photoresponse, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract NiFe layered double hydroxides (LDHs), a class of ionic layered compounds with high electrochemical activity, possess great potential in the field of pseudocapacitive energy storage. However, the practical applications of NiFe LDHs in supercapacitors are largely hindered by their inherently poor cycling life and low electrical conductivity. In this work, NiFe LDHs electrodeposited on mesoporous and conductive NiCo 2 O 4 nanowire arrays that are grown on flexible carbon cloth, are investigated as active materials for pseudocapacitive application. This rational core/shell electrode design promises high specific surface area, shorten electron and ion transport distance for the enhancement of electrochemical kinetics. As such, a high specific capacitance (1.9 F cm−2 at 1 A cm−2, and 1160 F g−1 at 1 A g−1), excellent rate capability (83% retention as the current density was increased from 1 A cm−2 to 20 A cm−2), decent cycling stability (79% retention after 1000 charging/discharging cycles), and good flexibility have been obtained, implying their potential application as energy storage devices for flexible electronics. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • Electrodeposited NiFe LDHs were synthesized for pseudocapacitive applications. • NiCo 2 O 4 core/NiFe LDHs shell nanowire arrays on carbon cloth was developed. • High specific capacitance, excellent rate capability, decent cycling life. • Attractive flexibility for flexible electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tetragonal BaTiO 3 (BT) powder with appropriate size and dispersity is essential for the dielectric layers in multilayer ceramic capacitor technology. In this work, high tetragonality BT powder with controllable dispersion, and particle size was synthesized using combined dispersants and a two-step hydrothermal method. Owing to the synergistic effect of chemical bond force and electrostatic adsorption force between cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) composite dispersants at a high temperature, the ultrafine BT powder with a high c/a of 1.0090, small size of 236 ± 15 nm and low polydispersity index of 0.336 was achieved. This idea shows great significance for the synthesis of BT powder with high tetragonal, high dispersion, and small particle sizes. • High tetragonality BT powder with controllable dispersion, and particle size was synthesized using combined dispersants and a two-step hydrothermal method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, three kinds of magnetic visible light photocatalysts (Fe 3 O 4 /GCN) were successfully prepared by a two-step method. The maximum magnetic property of the as-prepared composite was Fe 3 O 4 -op/GCN-3, with a maximum magnetization of 13.77 emu/g. Fe 3 O 4 /GCN exhibits excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants. Among them, with regard to Fe 3 O 4 -ht/GCN-2, it was found that the degradation rate of MB is 2.37 times higher than that of GCN under visible light condition. On the one hand, one of the mechanisms for enhancing photocatalytic effect of composite material is the decrease of the band gap width. On the other hand, the generated photoelectrons can be transferred to Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, which can effectively reduce the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. And the Fe 3 O 4 /GCN + visible light hybrid activation systems exhibited higher significant efficiency for organic pollutants degradation combined with PS. The maximum removal rate of MB, AB I, BP-5R,TC and BPA can reach 96.69%, 89.34%, 81.62%, 62.57% and 53.21%, respectively. This is mainly due to the hybrid activation system under visible light radiation can significantly accelerate the activation rate of S 2 O 8 2−. The trapping experiment results investigations suggested that SO 4 •- and h+ are the main radical species in photocatalytic decomposition process. In addition, •OH species were then generated from the reduction of SO 4 •- by photo-electron. Image 1 • Fe 3 O 4 /GCN exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic pollutants. • Construct Fe 3 O 4 /GCN + Visible light PS hybrid activation systems. • The hybrid systems exhibited higher significant efficiency for organic pollutants compared with single PS systems. • The Fe 3 O 4 -ht/GCN-2 still remains a high stability and good repeatability after five cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, three types of fully dense aluminum-based (Al) coatings (pure Al, AA2219 and AA6061) were deposited on AZ31B magnesium (Mg) alloy by a recently developed in-situ micro-forging assisted cold spray process. The detailed microstructure, coating adhesion and corrosion protection performance were systematically investigated. Results show that the porosities of the pure Al, AA2219 and AA6061 coatings are as low as 0.34 ± 0.11%, 0.23 ± 0.09% and 0.24 ± 0.08%, respectively. Strong adhesion strength (83.6–91.5 MPa) was achieved for the Al-based coatings due to the in-situ micro-forging induced enhanced mechanical-interlocking between Al-based coating and the magnesium alloy substrate. The corrosion current density of the AZ31B Mg alloy decreases to 1.9–5.8 μA cm−2 from 312.8 μA cm−2 after coated with the Al-based coatings. The long-term corrosion tests further indicate that the Al-based coatings are not aqueous solution permeable during the entire 1000 h immersion, thus provided robust long-term corrosion protection of AZ31B Mg alloy substrate. Moreover, the difference in corrosion resistances among the three Al-based coatings was observed and was further explained based on their unique microstructures arising from the coating deposition process. The present in-situ micro-forging assisted cold spray process shows great potential for economical and effective corrosion protection of magnesium alloy and provides more freedom for industries to design and use magnesium alloy parts. Image 1 • Three types of fully dense Al-based coatings were deposited on AZ31B. • Strong adhesion strength (83.6–91.5 MPa) was achieved for the Al-based coatings. • Al-based coatings possess excellent long-term corrosion protection performance. • Key factors of the different corrosion rate among the coatings were clarified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high thermodynamic stability and unfavourable sorption kinetics during the formation of Mg hydride restrict its utilization, though Mg is environmentally friendly and abundantly available. In this paper, Cu formed in situ from mechanochemistry was introduced into Mg-Al alloys to tailor their hydrogen storage properties. The results showed that the onset desorption temperature was decreased from 295 °C for as-milled pure MgH 2 to 175 °C for as-milled Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu. The destabilization of MgH 2 was attributed to the formation of Mg-Cu and Mg-Al alloys during dehydriding. The phase structures and thermal analysis showed that the dehydrogenation of MgH 2 in the Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu was composed of the following three steps: the reaction between MgH 2 and Cu to form Mg 2 Cu as the first step, the reaction between MgH 2 and Al to form Al 12 Mg 17 as the second step, and the self-decomposition of the residual MgH 2 as the third step. The apparent activation energy for dehydriding was reduced from 148.8 ± 4.91 kJ mol−1 for the as-milled pure MgH 2 to 112.1 ± 1.36 kJ mol−1 for the Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu. The hydrogen absorption and desorption reaction enthalpies of Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu were decreased to 57.5 and 74.0 kJ mol−1 H 2 , respectively. The results indicated that the Cu formed in situ mechanochemically substantially improved the hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics of Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu because the in situ-formed Cu and graphene nanoplates caused particle refinement. • Effects of in situ formed Cu on de/hydriding of Mg-Al alloys were studied. • Cu synergistically tunes de/hydriding thermodynamics and kinetics of Mg-Al alloys. • Onset dehydriding temperature of the as-milled Mg 90 Al 10 -Cu is decreased to 175 °C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Li 2 Mg 2.88 Ca 0.12 TiO 6 (LMCT) was modified by silane coupling agent (C 14 H 19 F 13 O 3 Si, F8261), and then filled in polytetrafluoroethylene suspension (PTFE) using hot treating approach. The weight fraction of LMCT varied from 30 to 70 wt %. XRD patterns presented the crystal phase of LMCT powders. The analyses of TEM, XPS, and FTIR were performed to characterize the surface states of LMCT fillers. The effects of LMCT filling content on the microstructure and dielectric properties were also investigated. Several theoretical models were discussed and compared with the dielectric constant of LMCT/PTFE substrates with respect to different LMCT content. Furthermore, the temperature and frequency dependence of dielectric constant were also considered on the composites. At last, the LMCT/PTFE composite substrates possessed relatively high dielectric constant (ε r = 4.33) and extremely low dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.001) at filler loading of 50 wt % LMCT. • Li 2 Mg 2.88 Ca 0.12 TiO 6 (LMCT) were modified by C 14 H 19 F 13 O 3 Si (F8261). • The ε r of LMCT/PTFE composites increased with increase of LMCT content. • The ε r of modified LMCT/PTFE matched well with Lichtenecker model. • LMCT/PTFE exhibited ε r of 4.33 and tan δ of 0.001 at 50 wt % LMCT loading. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) anchored on the surface of silica coated porous rodlike nickel ferrite (NiFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2) composite was fabricated, and its structure, composition, magnetic and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties were studied. High-performance EM wave absorption properties of the ternary composite can be regulated by the coating thickness and the content of the absorber. The reflection loss (RL) was optimized to −67.8 dB at the matching thickness of 1.9 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ −10 dB) was 4.5 GHz (13.5–18 GHz) at the coating thickness of only 1.5 mm with the filler loading 40 wt%. The effective bandwidth can reach 5.3 GHz (12.7–18 GHz) at the coating thickness of only 2.2 mm with the filler loading 30 wt%. The broadband absorption, thin thickness, strong absorption and adjustable absorption properties endow NiFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 /MWCNT composite with extensive prospects for EM wave absorption. • Porous cubic-rodlike NiFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 /MWCNT composite was successfully synthesized. • The effective bandwidth can reach 5.3 GHz at the absorber thickness of only 2.2 mm. • The reflection loss was optimized to −67.8 dB at the matching thickness of 1.9 mm. • The thickness and the filler loading have great effect on electromagnetic wave absorption properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 phosphors have been fabricated via the conventional ceramic processing route at different sintering temperatures. The crystal structure, morphology and luminescent properties of the as-synthesized phosphors were characterized through X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and photoluminescence (PL), respectively. It is found that the sintering temperature has significant influences on the crystallinity, morphology and luminescent properties of the obtained Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 phosphors. In the selected sintering temperature range (600–1000 °C), all the obtained Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 phosphors possess tetragonal scheelite structure, the synthesized phosphors changed gradually from quasi-spherical to polyhedral particles with a size of 1.0–5.0 μm. All the as-synthesized Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 samples are typical red-emission phosphors, which can emit 591 nm and 615 nm red light under the excitation of 393 nm ultraviolet and 464 nm blue light, respectively. Moreover, the emission intensities of the phosphors firstly increase and then decrease with increasing sintering temperature, reaching the maximum at 800 °C. All the obtained Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 phosphors displayed a pure red emission, which are promising red phosphors. Image 1 • A novel Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 red phosphor system has been proposed and fabricated. • The effects of sintering temperatures on microstructures and luminescence properties have been investigated. • The as-fabricated Li 1/3 Sr 1/3 Eu 1/3 MoO 4 red phosphor at 800 °C presents the superior luminescent properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fine-grained processing of Inconel 617 sheet was proposed, and microstructural evolution during processing was analyzed. The optimum recovery temperature at 750 °C and the best recrystallization annealing temperature at 1000 °C were determined by experiments. The optimal fine-grained process comprised heat treatment (750 °C × 1 h), first cold rolling (60% reduction rate), high-temperature recovery (750 °C × 1 h), second cold rolling (10% reduction rate), and recrystallization annealing (1000 °C × 3 h). After recrystallization annealing (1000 °C × 3 h), the fine-grained sheet consisted of equiaxed grains with a size of 4–6 μm. A high proportion of high-angle grain boundaries was observed, and most of the grain orientation spread values were less than 1. The grain recrystallized completely. Twin refinement mechanism played a dominant role in sheet grain refinement. The hardness and tensile mechanical properties of the fine-grained sheet were notably stronger than those of the original sheet. • A new grain refinement process for an Inconel 617 sheet was proposed. • A fine-grained sheet with an average grain size of 4–6 μm was prepared. • Fine-grained sheet was analyzed by EBSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]