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A study conducted at Tanta University in Egypt compared the effectiveness of lateral rectus resection versus lateral rectus plication in patients with residual esotropia. The research found that both surgical techniques had an 80% success rate, with slightly higher postoperative angle of deviation in the plication group. The study concluded that lateral rectus muscle plication is a viable alternative to resection, especially when anterior ciliary vessel sparing is needed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from University Hospital Ramon & Cajal in Madrid, Spain, conducted a study on strabismus surgery in thyroid eye disease using intraoperative adjustable sutures. The study aimed to predict desired outcomes and postoperative drift based on surgical dose-response. Results showed that muscle recession with adjustable sutures was effective, with predictable dose-responses leading to successful outcomes in 85% of patients. Further research is needed to validate these findings. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Iran University of Medical Sciences highlights the misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia (CPEO). The study found that patients with CPEO are often misdiagnosed with other causes of ptosis, such as congenital ptosis and ocular myasthenia gravis. This misdiagnosis often leads to unnecessary surgical procedures before the correct diagnosis is made. The researchers suggest that reviewing early family photos and paying attention to other signs of CPEO could help prevent misdiagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Mahidol University in Bangkok, Thailand explored the changes in corneal curvature following strabismus surgery. The study examined 54 cases of patients aged 6-60 years old who underwent horizontal rectus muscle surgery. The results showed that lateral rectus muscle recession induced corneal vertical prolation for up to 3 months post-operation. Surgeons are advised to re-evaluate refraction and defer contact lens refitting, refractive surgery, and intraocular lens calculations for at least 3 months after the procedure. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Mahidol University in Thailand conducted a 20-year retrospective cohort study to evaluate the visual prognosis in craniosynostosis patients and identify ophthalmologic manifestations and outcomes of strabismus surgery in these patients. The study included 123 patients, with 85.98% showing no visual impairment at the last visit. Strabismus was present in 87 patients, with exotropia being the most common type. The success rate for strabismus surgery in craniosynostosis patients was 50%. Syndromic craniosynostosis cases had worse visual outcomes and a higher incidence of ocular diseases compared to non-syndromic cases. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at ESIC Medical College in Haryana, India, examined the long-term outcomes of bilateral symmetrical superior oblique nasal tenotomy in patients with large A-pattern exotropia. The study included 15 patients with a mean age of 17.09 years. The results showed that the surgical procedure was effective in reducing the A-pattern and improving alignment in most patients. However, some patients still experienced esotropia in down gaze after 24 months of follow-up. The study also found a correlation between preoperative A-pattern and postoperative A-pattern collapse, as well as a correlation between preoperative torsion and postoperative change in fundus torsion. Overall, the study suggests that bilateral symmetrical superior oblique nasal tenotomy can be an effective treatment option for large A-pattern exotropia. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute in Karnataka, India, examined the outcomes of extraocular muscle transpositions in various types of strabismus. The researchers found that transposition surgery of the extraocular muscles resulted in improved alignment of the eyes, collapse of alphabet patterns, and enhanced ocular motility in the patients. The study emphasized the importance of proper patient selection and planning for achieving desired outcomes. The research provides valuable insights into the effectiveness of muscle transpositions in treating strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Stanford University School of Medicine examined the rates of reoperation in patients with Duane Retraction Syndrome (DRS), a condition that affects eye movement. The study found that approximately 10.8% of patients with DRS underwent strabismus surgery, with the most common type involving horizontal muscles. The estimated 5-year rate of reoperation was 18.2%, and patients who underwent vertical muscle surgery had a higher risk of reoperation. This research provides valuable insights into the types of surgeries performed and the reoperation rates in patients with DRS. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Boston Children's Hospital in Massachusetts has reported on a rare complication of strabismus surgery called hypotony. The study describes the case of a 14-year-old boy who experienced prolonged hypotony maculopathy following bilateral medial rectus recession. The condition was successfully treated with topical steroids and atropine, and the researchers hypothesize that a ciliary body effusion may have been the cause. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A case report from Hokkaido University discusses the occurrence of acute acquired comitant esotropia associated with Lhermitte-Duclos disease. The report highlights the need for neurological and intracranial imaging examinations when observing this condition. The case study involves a 16-year-old Japanese female patient who underwent partial tumor resection and strabismus surgery, resulting in the complete disappearance of diplopia. The research emphasizes the importance of comprehensive examinations and surgical interventions for patients with acute acquired comitant esotropia caused by Lhermitte-Duclos disease. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Clinic for Eye Diseases Tuzla aimed to assess the psychological aspects of the quality of life of patients with cataracts, glaucoma, strabismus, or eye injuries. The study included 99 patients of both sexes who were monitored on an outpatient basis after surgery. The results showed that visual impairment negatively affects the quality of life of patients, and subjects with cataracts reported more vision problems compared to those with glaucoma. The study suggests the need for specific support to prevent and eliminate negative reactions to the postoperative condition of operated patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) have conducted a study on the use of extraocular muscle transplantation surgery for the treatment of extra large-angle squint, also known as strabismus. The study included 14 patients with horizontal squints measuring 80 prism diopters or larger. The results showed that the surgery was successful in correcting the deviation in the patients, with a mean deviation of 2.5 prism diopters at six months postoperatively. The researchers concluded that this surgery could be a viable alternative for treating extra-large-angle strabismus in both adults and children in developing countries. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University Clinical Center Tuzla aimed to analyze the results of strabismus surgery on binocular vision. The researchers examined the medical records of 72 patients who underwent strabismus surgery between February 2017 and February 2023. The study found that the success rate of achieving binocular vision after surgery was 49.3% for esotropy and 97.3% for exotropy. Factors such as pre-operative deviation and age group were found to influence the success rate. The study did not observe a statistically significant improvement in visual acuity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Uttarakhand, India, focused on a challenging case of strabismus in a patient who had previously undergone scleral buckle surgery. The patient, a 32-year-old male, presented with vision loss and outward deviation of the right eye following a blunt trauma injury. Despite the presence of a scleral buckle and other complications, the patient achieved satisfactory alignment of the eyes after strabismus surgery. The study highlights the need for a flexible and customized approach to managing complex cases of strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Xiamen University in China explored the use of novel fixable instruments in strabismus surgery. The researchers recruited patients with strabismus who required surgical treatment and performed the surgeries without the assistance of surgical assistants. The study included 30 patients and found that the surgeon was able to easily perform the surgeries using the fixable instruments, with operation times ranging from 6 to 14 minutes per muscle. All patients achieved ocular alignment without any adverse reactions. The study suggests that these instruments can be used to perform routine strabismus surgeries even without surgical assistants. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Medical University of Bialystok in Poland explored the occurrence of genetic changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the muscles of children treated for strabismus. The researchers found that dysregulation of extraocular muscles (EOMs) in strabismus may be partly due to modifications in mtDNA. The study used next-generation sequencing to identify genetic mutations in the ANT1 gene in 12 out of 15 patients examined. The researchers concluded that further studies are needed to understand the molecular genetics of strabismus and improve treatment outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Ain Shams University in Cairo, Egypt discusses the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the surgical decision-making process for pediatric epiretinal membranes (ERMs) presenting with strabismus. The study included a retrospective analysis of pediatric cases that underwent pars plana vitrectomy. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative OCT were used to assess the extent of the ERM and guide surgical intervention. The study found that surgical removal of ERMs led to improvements in squint and visual outcomes, even if complete restoration of the foveal anatomy had not been achieved. The combined use of OCT throughout the surgical process was associated with better surgical and anatomical outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, evaluated surgical strategies for the management of complicated strabismus reoperation in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The study found that rectus recession is an effective method for patients with newly-developed strabismus, while rectus resection may benefit patients with undercorrection who have undergone a maximal degree of rectus recession. Anterior advancement of a previously recessed rectus was found to be effective for cases with overcorrection. The overall success rate of reoperation was 51.9%. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea, discusses the outcomes of a procedure called medial rectus (MR) disinsertion for the management of large-angle esotropia (ET) patients. The study included five patients with large-angle ET who underwent the MR disinsertion procedure between March 2012 and April 2022. The results showed that MR disinsertion may be considered as an option for patients with large-angle sensory ET who do not want surgery on the opposite eye. The study provides valuable insights into the management of this condition. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the Fourth Military Medical University in Xi'an, China, examined the characteristics and risk factors of poor stereoacuity in Convergence insufficiency-type Intermittent Exotropia (CI-type X(T)). The study compared 615 cases of CI-type X(T) with 222 cases of basic-type intermittent exotropia (X(T)). The findings revealed that CI-type X(T) had earlier surgery age, shorter misalignment duration, smaller distance exodeviation, better sensory status, and lower incidence of ocular muscle dysfunction compared to basic-type X(T). The study also identified several factors associated with poor stereoacuity, including surgery age, misalignment duration, amblyopia, distance exodeviation, and anisometropia. The researchers concluded that early surgery, small distance exodeviation, and better sensory status were characteristic of CI-type X(T), and there was a strong link between various factors and poor stereoacuity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University aimed to investigate the changes in ocular torsion after a specific surgical procedure for intermittent exotropia (IXT). The study included 72 IXT patients who underwent unilateral lateral rectus recession-medial rectus resection (R&R) surgery. Ophthalmological examinations were performed before and after the surgery, and the results showed that the ocular torsion improved after the R&R procedure, particularly in cases where the surgery was performed on the eye exhibiting extorsion. This research provides valuable insights into the effects of this surgical technique on ocular torsion in IXT patients. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research on exotropia, a condition characterized by outward deviation of the eyes. The study aimed to compare the changes in exotropia deviation in children with intermittent exotropia before and after a monocular occlusion test. The study included 258 children aged 5 to 12 years who underwent strabismus correction. The results showed that the monocular occlusion test had a significant impact on the exotropia deviation at near fixation. The researchers concluded that this test can help determine the maximum exotropia deviation and improve surgical outcomes. For more information, readers can refer to the original research article. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Yeungnam University College of Medicine in South Korea compared the postoperative changes in subjective awareness of exodeviation between pediatric and adult patients with intermittent exotropia. The study included 195 patients, with 159 being pediatric and 36 being adults. The results showed that a higher percentage of pediatric patients experienced postoperative improvement in subjective awareness of exodeviation compared to adult patients. Additionally, adult patients with a better level of distant control were more likely to show postoperative improvement. This study provides valuable insights into the differences in outcomes between pediatric and adult patients with intermittent exotropia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan focuses on a case report and review of literature on conjunctival apocrine hidrocystomas, a type of cystic lesion that can develop after strabismus surgery. The study describes the clinical features of a conjunctival apocrine hidrocystoma that developed in a 71-year-old man who had undergone strabismus surgery as a child. The researchers found that all cases of conjunctival apocrine hidrocystomas reviewed in the study presented after the age of 50, most commonly in the nasal area or within the caruncle, and had a pigmented appearance. Surgical excision was the treatment of choice, with no reported cases of recurrence. The study suggests that a history of strabismus surgery or conjunctival trauma may contribute to the formation of apocrine hidrocystomas. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Chandigarh, India discusses the long-term outcomes of medial rectus recession surgery for high accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio esotropia. The study reviewed the medical records of 34 patients who underwent the surgery and were followed up for at least 5 years. The results showed that 62% of patients achieved successful motor outcomes, with 64% achieving peripheral binocular single vision and 28% achieving stereopsis. However, some patients experienced a recurrence of high AC/A ratio esotropia or developed consecutive exotropia or basic esotropia. The study also found that 70% of patients no longer required bifocals after the surgery. Overall, the findings suggest that medial rectus recession surgery can be effective in treating high AC/A ratio esotropia, but there is a risk of recurrence or other complications. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital in Taiwan investigated the role of lateral rectus muscle resection in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy who experienced persistent diplopia after medial rectus muscle myectomy. The study found that lateral rectus muscle resection was an effective and predictable procedure for managing residual esotropia in these patients, with an 80.0% success rate. The research suggests that this surgical approach can be used to address the challenging issue of persistent diplopia in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University compared the efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BTA) injection and extraocular muscle surgery in treating large-angle acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE). The study analyzed the clinical data of 60 patients with AACE and found that at 6 months post-treatment, the degree of strabismus was lower in the surgical group and the 5.0 IU BTA injection group compared to the 2.5 IU BTA injection group. The effective rate of the 5.0 IU BTA injection group was higher than that of the 2.5 IU BTA injection group. The study concluded that for AACE patients with esotropia degree +60 PD, bilateral medial rectus injection of 5.0 IU BTA can yield outcomes comparable to traditional extraocular muscle surgery. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Changsha, China, have conducted a bibliometric study to analyze the research status and future development trends of intermittent exotropia (IXT). They used the CiteSpace software to visually analyze publications on IXT from 2003 to 2022. The study found a progressive increase in the number of publications on IXT, with South Korea and the United States being the most productive countries. The research hotspot of IXT has shifted from surgery and epidemiology to fusion and recurrence. This study provides valuable insights into the research landscape of IXT. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Sheffield explores the use of strabismus surgery for psychosocial reasons. The researchers conducted a literature review and found that in adults who underwent strabismus surgery for psychosocial reasons, improved ocular alignment and/or improved health-related quality of life were common outcomes. However, there was a lack of consensus on how to define and measure postoperative success, and further research is needed to investigate other potential outcomes and determine the most relevant outcome measures for this specific subgroup of patients. The study highlights the need for robust evidence in adults with strabismus and psychosocial symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers from Queen's University in Kingston, Canada, examined the surgical effect of the Wright central plication on vertical rectus muscles to correct vertical strabismus. The study included 36 patients with various causes of vertical strabismus, such as idiopathic strabismus and congenital superior oblique palsy. The results showed that the vertical rectus central plication corrected approximately 5(Delta) of vertical strabismus, with a larger response observed in patients without congenital superior oblique palsy. The study found no complications or induced postoperative diplopia. This research provides valuable insights into the surgical treatment of vertical strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Stanford University focused on the phenomenon of antielevation syndrome, which can occur following inferior oblique muscle recession. The study examined three adult patients who presented with limited elevation in abduction after undergoing inferior oblique muscle recession for trochlear nerve palsy. The patients experienced improvement in their symptoms and elevation in abduction after undergoing myectomy of the previously recessed inferior oblique muscle. This research has been peer-reviewed and published in the Journal of American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the University of Surrey discusses a wearable optical apparatus that can correct visual misalignment in individuals with strabismus, a condition that causes double vision. Unlike traditional prism lenses, this device can compensate for horizontal, vertical, and torsional misalignment. The proposed device was tested through computer simulation and a prototype was manufactured and tested on a strabismus patient, yielding positive results. Further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of the device on multiple patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Bari in Italy examined the morpho-functional changes in children with strabismus before and after surgery using structural optical coherence tomography (OCT). The study found that there were no significant differences in visual acuity, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), inner retinal layer (IRL), and outer retinal layer (ORL) before and after surgery. However, there was a significant increase in the thickness of the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGCIPL) after surgery, which may be due to temporary inflammation. Additionally, the study found a significant difference in the mGCIPL between the strabismus group and a control group. Further research is needed to explore these findings. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital in China discusses a case of supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, a condition characterized by abnormal eye movements, caused by a brain stem cavernoma. The patient, a 25-year-old Chinese woman, experienced head posture abnormalities and gaze palsies following a brainstem hemorrhage. After surgery, a resection-recession procedure and rectus muscle transposition were performed, resulting in the disappearance of abnormal head position and a return to a normal primary position. The researchers concluded that this surgical approach is effective for treating longer duration large-angle strabismus caused by brain stem cavernoma. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Nationwide Children's Hospital in Columbus, Ohio compared three surgical approaches for treating intermittent exotropia, a condition characterized by outward deviation of the eyes. The study included 123 patients who underwent either bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLR), unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus resection (RR), or unilateral lateral rectus recession and medial rectus plication (RP). The results showed that both BLR and RR were equally effective in treating intermittent exotropia, while RP resulted in a significantly larger angle of exodeviation. These findings provide valuable insights for surgeons and patients considering surgical treatment options for this condition. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Harvard Medical School compared the incidence of strabismus (a condition where the eyes are misaligned) after upper and lower blepharoplasty (eyelid surgery) in the United States. The study analyzed data from the IRIS Registry and found that individuals who underwent lower eyelid blepharoplasty had a higher risk of developing strabismus compared to those who underwent upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The findings suggest that ophthalmologists can use large databases to provide data-driven counseling on surgical risks prior to intervention. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued for an ocular surgical instrument designed to aid in the correction of strabismus, also known as "crossed-eyes." The instrument, referred to as OSIN, includes a support housing that holds an ocular muscle hook, allowing the surgeon to lift the ocular muscle away from the eyeball during surgery. The housing also features graduation markings to determine the distance the muscle hook is translated, as well as a needle guide for suturing the muscle to the sclera without perforating the eye. The instrument aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of strabismus surgery. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Medical University of Vienna evaluated the postoperative outcome of strabismus surgery in children aged 1-6 years. The study found that the surgery resulted in a decrease in the angle of deviation, improvement in visual acuity, and a low retreatment rate. The success rate of the surgery was not influenced by factors such as age, sex, type of strabismus, or preoperative parameters. This research provides valuable insights into the outcomes and influencing factors of strabismus surgery in infants. [Extracted from the article]

A new study conducted at Peking University People's Hospital provides insights into the clinical characteristics of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE) among different age groups. The study analyzed the data of 112 AACE patients who underwent surgery at the hospital between January 2015 and December 2022. The patients were divided into three age groups: <18 years old, 18-45 years old, and >45 years old. The study found that surgical patients with AACE are mainly in the age group of 18 to 45 years old, and the distant angle of deviation is greater than the near angle of deviation. The study recommends augmented-dose surgery for AACE patients in the age group of 18 to 45 years old and conservative surgery for hyperopia young children without established binocular vision. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of California has examined the effects of teprotumumab on strabismus in patients with thyroid eye disease. The study found that teprotumumab resulted in a significant reduction in vertical deviation, but did not have a significant impact on horizontal deviation. Additionally, the treatment improved extraocular motility in all four ductions. However, a significant number of patients still required strabismus surgery following teprotumumab treatment. Further details of the study can be found in the journal article "Teprotumumab for Thyroid Eye Disease-related Strabismus" published in Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Muenster Medical Center in Germany examined the effectiveness of strabismus surgery in patients with intermittent exotropia (IXT), a condition where the eyes turn outward intermittently. The researchers analyzed the medical records of 537 patients who underwent surgery for IXT and found that 83.8% of patients had a successful surgical outcome on the first day after surgery. However, the study also revealed that the squint angles often increased after surgery, leading to reoperation in some patients. Factors such as large preoperative angles of exodeviation, far/near incomitance, and alphabet pattern strabismus were found to increase the risk of reoperation. The researchers suggest that further prospective studies are needed to better understand the factors that contribute to surgical success in IXT. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Vanderbilt University Medical Center compared the outcomes of two surgical procedures for childhood intermittent exotropia (IXT), a condition where the eyes turn outward. The study followed 197 participants over an eight-year period and found that both procedures had similar rates of suboptimal surgical outcomes. However, the unilateral recession-resection (R&R) procedure showed better long-term outcomes in terms of complete or near-complete resolution and the need for reoperation. The study suggests that R&R followed by usual care may be more beneficial for basic-type childhood IXT. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital in South Korea analyzed the factors associated with surgical outcomes in children with intermittent exotropia (IXT) who underwent bilateral rectus recession (BLR). The study included 125 patients who had received preoperative patch treatment and were followed up for one year. The results showed that factors such as absence of anisometropia, smaller preoperative near exodeviation, better near stereopsis, smaller deviation on day 1 postoperatively, and response to patching were significantly associated with surgical success. The study concluded that esotropic distant deviation on day 1 postoperatively and response to patching were the factors affecting successful surgical outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Northwestern University in Chicago, Illinois compared the outcomes of different surgical treatments for V-pattern exotropia, a type of eye condition. The study analyzed the medical records of children who underwent either bilateral inferior oblique myectomy (BIOm) or bilateral inferior oblique recession (BIOc) in combination with bilateral lateral rectus recession (BLRc). The results showed that both treatments effectively reduced the angle of exotropia and improved control, but BIOm had a greater effect on decreasing the V pattern and inferior oblique overaction (IOOA), especially in cases with larger V patterns. The study provides new insights into the surgical management of V-pattern exotropia. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Michigan examined the outcomes of concurrent strabismus surgery and glaucoma drainage device (GDD) placement in children with glaucoma. The study found that this combined surgery resulted in decreased horizontal deviation and improved intraocular pressure control. The researchers concluded that correcting strabismus during GDD placement can enhance visual development and improve cosmetic outcomes in children with glaucoma. Further details of the study can be found in the BMC Ophthalmology journal article. [Extracted from the article]