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Seven undescribed lavandulyl benzophenones garcimultiflorones K – Q, and fourteen known compounds were isolated from the CHCl 3 soluble fraction of 95% EtOH extract of Garcinia multiflora branches. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by spectroscopic techniques including NMR spectroscopy, MS analysis, and ECD calculations. Seven isolated compounds expect for garcimultiflorone L and garcimultiflorone O exhibited cytotoxic activities in vitro against five cancer cell lines (HL-60, A549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7, and SW480). It is worth mentioning that garcimultiflorone Q exhibited most significant cytotoxicities against five cancer cell lines with IC 50 values ranging from 3.07–12.56 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Six amides, piperbonamides A–F, three neolignans piperbonins A–C, and 11 known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Piper bonii (Piperaceae). The structures of piperbonamides A–F and piperbonins A–C were elucidated based on the analysis of 1D and 2D NMR and MS data. Piperbonin A, (+)- trans -acuminatin, (+)- cis -acuminatin, (+)-kadsurenone, and pipernonaline showed weak activity against platelet aggregation with IC 50 values of 118.2, 108.5, 90.02, 107.3, and 116.3 μM, respectively, as compared with the positive control, tirofiban, with an IC 50 value of 5.24 μM. Piperbonamides A–F were inactive against five tumor cell lines at concentrations up to 40 μM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crop domestication is often accompanied by changes in metabolite compositions that alter traits such as flavor, color, or other beneficial properties. Fruits of eggplants ( Solanum melongena L.) and related species are abundant and diverse in pharmacologically interesting phenolic compounds, particularly hydroxycinnamic acid (HCA) conjugates such as the antioxidant caffeoylquinic acids (CQA) and HCA-polyamine amides (HCAA). To understand metabolite variability through the lens of natural and artificial selection, HPLC-DAD was used to generate phenolic profiles for 32 compounds in fruits from 93 accessions representing 9 Solanum species. Profiles were used for identification of species-level and infraspecific chemical patterns across both genetic distance and landscape. Sampling of plant lines included the undomesticated progenitor of eggplant and Asian landraces with a genetic background associated with three Asian regions near proposed separate centers of domestication to test whether chemical changes were convergent despite different origins. Results showed ten compounds were unique to species, and ten other compounds varied significantly in abundance among species. Five CQAs and three HCA-polyamine conjugates were more abundant in wild (undomesticated) versus domesticated eggplant, indicating that artificial selection may have led to reduced phenolic levels. No chemical abundance patterns were associated with site-origin. However, one genetically distinct lineage of geographically-restricted SE Asian eggplants ( S. melongena subsp. ovigerum ) had a higher HCAA content and diversity than other lineages, which is suggested to be related to artificial selection for small, firm fruit. Overall, patterns show that fruit size, palatability and texture were preferentially selected over health-beneficial phytochemical content during domestication of several nightshade crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eight compounds including four caffeoyl phenylpropanoid glycosides, jasnervosides A–D ( 1 – 4 ), one monoterpenoid glycoside, jasnervoside E ( 5 ), and three secoiridoid glycosides, jasnervosides F–H ( 10 – 12 ), were isolated from the stems of Jasminum nervosum Lour. (Oleaceae), along with four known compounds, poliumoside ( 6 ), verbascoside ( 7 ), α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)- O -(α- l -rhamnopyranosyl(1→6)-1- O - E -caffeoyl-β- d -glucopyranoside ( 8 ), and jaspolyanthoside ( 9 ). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of their physicochemical and spectroscopic properties. Compounds 1 , 2 , 4 and 11 displayed potent antioxidant activities in the DPPH assay, while 2 and 3 displayed good activities against LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β production in BV2 cells. Compounds 1 – 5 and 10 – 12 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against three human cancer cell lines (A-549, Bel-7402, and HCT-8), but none displayed significant activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Five phenylphenalenones and two diarylheptanoids were isolated from Musa itinerans. [•] A putative biosynthetic pathway to the phenylphenalenone-related heterodimer is proposed. [•] Two of the phenylphenalenones exhibited weak cytotoxic effects against a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Chemical examination of the EtOAc extract from the aerial parts of Aeschynanthus bracteatus led to isolation of four phenylethanol glycosides, aeschynanthosides A–D (1–4), and 55 known constituents, including 8 phenylethanoids, 23 phenols, 5 lignans, 7 flavonoids, 9 terpenoids, and 4 others. Their structures were elucidated mainly by detailed spectroscopic studies and comparison with published data. All 59 compounds were isolated for the first time from an Aeschynanthus species. The isolates were also tested for inhibitory activities against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Aeschynanthoside D (4) and naringenin (41), within the concentration arrange tested (50–100μg/mL), showed very weak dose-dependent effects with the inhibition rate of 24.2%, 35.4%, 66.0%, and 9.5%, 40.1%, 65.0%, respectively, relative to positive controls. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]