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2 Lachmann R, Schilling U, Brückmann D, Weichert A, Brückmann A. Isolated cleft lip and palate: maxillary gap sign and palatino-maxillary diameter at 11-13 weeks. We have modified the image to do so herein (Figure 1), in which the posterior border of the palate is indicated by the red asterisk and our white line indicates the nasal septum and vomer. We thank Drs Lachmann and Brückmann for their comments regarding measurement of the palatomaxillary diameter (PMD) in our recent paper. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: To perform a systematic review of studies comparing the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in diagnosing deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) including only studies in which patients underwent both techniques.Methods: An extensive search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science for papers from January 1989 to October 2016 comparing TVS and MRI in DIE. Studies were considered eligible for inclusion if they reported on the use of TVS and MRI in the same set of patients for the preoperative detection of endometriosis in pelvic locations in women with clinical suspicion of DIE and using surgical data as a reference standard. Quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 tool. A random-effects model was used to determine pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative likelihood ratios (LR+ and LR-) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR).Results: Of 375 citations identified, six studies (n = 424) were considered eligible. For MRI in the detection of DIE in the rectosigmoid, pooled sensitivity was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78-0.90), specificity was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.83-0.99), LR+ was 18.4 (95% CI, 4.7-72.4), LR- was 0.16 (95% CI, 0.11-0.24) and DOR was 116 (95% CI, 23-585). For TVS in the detection of DIE in the rectosigmoid, pooled sensitivity was 0.85 (95% CI, 0.68-0.94), specificity was 0.96 (95% CI, 0.85-0.99), LR+ was 20.4 (95% CI, 4.7-88.5), LR- was 0.16 (95% CI, 0.07-0.38) and DOR was 127 (95% CI, 14-1126). For MRI in the detection of DIE in the rectovaginal septum, pooled sensitivity was 0.66 (95% CI, 0.51-0.79), specificity was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.89-0.99), LR+ was 22.5 (95% CI, 6.7-76.2), LR- was 0.38 (95% CI, 0.23-0.52) and DOR was 65 (95% CI, 21-204). For TVS in the detection of DIE in the rectovaginal septum, pooled sensitivity was 0.59 (95% CI, 0.26-0.86), specificity was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94-0.99), LR+ was 23.5 (95% CI, 9.1-60.5), LR- was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.18-0.97) and DOR was 56 (95% CI, 11-275). For MRI in the detection of DIE in the uterosacral ligaments, pooled sensitivity was 0.70 (95% CI, 0.55-0.82), specificity was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87-0.97), LR+ was 10.4 (95% CI, 5.1-21.2), LR- was 0.32 (95% CI, 0.20-0.51) and DOR was 32 (95% CI, 12-85). For TVS in the detection of DIE in the uterosacral ligaments, pooled sensitivity was 0.67 (95% CI, 0.55-0.77), specificity was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.73-0.93), LR+ was 4.8 (95% CI, 2.6-9.0), LR- was 0.38 (95% CI, 0.29-0.50) and DOR was 12 (95% CI, 7-24). Confidence intervals of pooled sensitivities, specificities and DOR were wide for both techniques in all the locations considered. Heterogeneity was moderate or high for sensitivity and specificity for both TVS and MRI in most locations assessed. According to QUADAS-2, the quality of the included studies was considered good for most domains.Conclusion: The diagnostic performance of TVS and MRI is similar for detecting DIE involving rectosigmoid, uterosacral ligaments and rectovaginal septum. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In recent years, a large number of studies have been published on the clinical relevance of pelvic floor three-dimensional (3D) transperineal ultrasound. Several studies compare sonography with other imaging modalities or clinical examination. The quality of reporting in these studies is not known. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the compliance of diagnostic accuracy studies investigating pelvic floor 3D ultrasound with the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) guidelines.Methods: Published articles on pelvic floor 3D ultrasound were identified by a systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Web of Science and Scopus databases. Prospective and retrospective studies that compared pelvic floor 3D ultrasound with other clinical and imaging diagnostics were included in the analysis. STARD compliance was assessed and quantified by two independent investigators, using 22 of the original 25 STARD checklist items. Items with the qualifier 'if done' (Items 13, 23 and 24) were excluded because they were not applicable to all papers. Each item was scored as reported (score = 1) or not reported (score = 0). Observer variability, the total number of reported STARD items per article and summary scores for each item were calculated. The difference in total score between STARD-adopting and non-adopting journals was tested statistically, as was the effect of year of publication.Results: Forty studies published in 13 scientific journals were included in the analysis. Mean ± SD STARD checklist score of the included articles was 16.0 ± 2.5 out of a maximum of 22 points. The lowest scores (< 50%) were found for reporting of handling of indeterminate results or missing responses, adverse events and the time interval between tests. Interobserver agreement for rating the STARD items was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.77). An independent t-test showed no significant mean difference ± SD in total STARD checklist score between STARD-adopting and non-adopting journals (16.4 ± 2.2 vs 15.9 ± 2.6, respectively). Mean ± SD STARD checklist score for articles published in 2003-2009 was lower, but not statistically different, compared with those published in 2010-2015 (15.2 ± 2.5 vs 16.6 ± 2.4, respectively).Conclusion: The overall compliance with reporting guidelines of diagnostic accuracy studies on pelvic floor 3D transperineal ultrasound is relatively good compared with other fields of medicine. However, specific checklist items require more attention when reported. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contends that although papers published in the periodical are of high methodological standards, frequently the data analysis and presentation do not do justice to the collected, high-quality data. The authors believe more collaborative effort should exerted in the protocol development stage. They add that papers that report evaluation of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool should catch up with those reporting intervention studies.

ABSTRACT Objective To review systematically the medical literature reporting on the prevalence of a niche at the site of a Cesarean section ( CS) scar using various diagnostic methods, on potential risk factors for the development of a niche and on niche-related gynecological symptoms in non-pregnant women. Methods The PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. All types of clinical study reporting on the prevalence, risk factors and/or symptoms of a niche in non-pregnant women with a history of CS were included, apart from case reports and case series. Results Twenty-one papers were selected for inclusion in the review. A wide range in the prevalence of a niche was found. Using contrast-enhanced sonohysterography in a random population of women with a history of CS, the prevalence was found to vary between 56% and 84%. Nine studies reported on risk factors and each study evaluated different factors, which made it difficult to compare studies. Risk factors could be classified into four categories: those related to closure technique, to development of the lower uterine segment or location of the incision or to wound healing, and miscellaneous factors. Probable risk factors are single-layer myometrium closure, multiple CSs and uterine retroflexion. Six out of eight studies that evaluated niche-related symptoms described an association between the presence of a niche and postmenstrual spotting. Conclusions The reported prevalence of a niche in non-pregnant women varies depending on the method of detection, the criteria used to define a niche and the study population. Potential risk factors can be categorized into four main categories, which may be useful for future research and meta-analyses. The predominant symptom associated with a niche is postmenstrual spotting. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Celocentesis is the ultrasound-guided aspiration of fluid from the extra-amniotic cavity at 7–8 weeks of gestation. This paper reports on the clinical application of celocentesis for early prenatal diagnosis. Methods Celocentesis was successfully performed in nine pregnancies and 1–2 mL of fluid were obtained after one needle insertion. The indications were prenatal diagnosis of β-thalassemia or sickle cell disease (n = 6), Marfan syndrome (n = 1) and paternity testing (n 2). Molecular biological techniques were used to analyze the celomic fluid and this was successfully carried out in all cases. Results In two cases pregnancy termination was performed at the request of the mother because in one case the fetus was found to have sickle cell anemia and in the second case paternity testing demonstrated that the father was not the woman's husband. In both cases the results were confirmed using the placental samples collected after pregnancy termination. In six of the seven pregnancies with desirable results, amniocentesis was performed at 16 weeks and the results were concordant with those obtained from celocentesis. All pregnancies were uneventful and resulted in the delivery of healthy and appropriately grown babies. Conclusion Celocentesis may be a viable alternative to the currently used tests of chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) is an uncommon cardiac defect characterized by the atria connecting with the anatomically discordant ventricles and the ventricles connecting with discordant and transposed great arteries. Parallel vessels are evident in corrected TGA, but as this sign is also present in complete TGA, a heart anomaly requiring major cardiac surgery in the postnatal period, it is important to differentiate between the entities prenatally. Most cases of ccTGA have associated anomalies but isolated forms or those with a mild associated cardiac anomaly are infrequently detected prenatally. We report on three cases detected between 21 and 25 weeks' gestation on screening ultrasound with associated mild findings. One fetus had an isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) first detected at 34 weeks. The child developed heart block at 4 years of age. The second case was associated with a small VSD, a tiny pulmonary trunk and a persistent right umbilical vein. After birth, mild pulmonary stenosis was found as an additional cardiac finding at 4 months of age. The third fetus had no additional cardiac anomalies prenatally, but after birth a bicuspid aortic valve was detected. The first case needed pacemaker implantation but the other two children required no cardiac surgery. Two of the cases were referred because abnormal vessel anatomy was detected on screening ultrasound. As prenatal detection of TGA is becoming a more frequent occurrence, this paper aims to present clues aiding in the prenatal diagnosis of atrioventricular and ventriculoarterial discordance, especially in its differentiation from complete transposition. These details are crucial for counseling and perinatal management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents abstracts of papers about gynecological ultrasound, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'The endometrium after 50: sonographic-histologic correlation,' by A. Joutindo et al; 'Uterus sonographic volume evaluations in post menopausal women and its variation,' by F.F.A. Santos et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about second and third trimester Doppler, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in low risk nulliparous women,' by G. Daskalakis et al; 'Second trimester uterine artery Doppler velocimetry in the prediction of poor perinatal outcome,' by H. Munoz et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about prenatal diagnosis, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Fetal scanning between 18 and 22 weeks is passe,' by M. Bronshtein; 'The impact of transvaginal obstetric ultrasound scan in high risk pregnancy,' by G.R.G. Benute et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about three-dimensional power Doppler presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Three dimensional follicular and endometrial volume assessment and pregnancy rate in vitro fertilization patients,' by D. Bjelos et al; 'Three-dimensional ultrasound in the diagnosis of uterine malformations,' by C.A.B. Montenegro et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about chromosomopathies presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'The clinical impact of increased nuchal translucency,' by E. Pajkrt et al; 'Implementation of nuchal translucency screening in the Dutch prenatal care system: Evaluation of screening performance and acceptance,' by M.A. Muller et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about gynecological ultrasound, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in Zagreb, Croatia in October 2000. Inclusion of 'Transvaginal sonographic and Color/Power Doppler evaluation of cervical carcinoma,' by M.E. Romanini, C. Exacoustos, M. Congiu and others; 'Sonographic preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion in endometrial cancer,' by C. Exacoustos and others.

The author comments on the method of test interpretation for suboptimal Down's syndrome screening. He wrote a paper urging the combination of biochemical and ultrasound screening for Down's syndrome into a single late first-trimester test. At that time, the method of test interpretation hinders rapprochement. He suggests three principles of screening needed in evaluating the optimal way to allow for gestation and calculate risks.

Presents abstracts of papers presented during the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, which was held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Illustration of a cervical pregnancy medically treated,' by M. Guizani et al; 'Post-cesarean sonographic evaluation of subfascial hematoma in Joel-Cohen and pfannenstiel laparotomies: 5 years of experience,' by A. Malvasi, D. Baldini and V. Traina.

Presents abstracts of papers about multiple pregnancy, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'The effect of treatment of twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome on the diagnosis to delivery interval,' by D. Skupski et al; 'Multiple-pregnancy considerations of antenatal diagnostics,' by B. Hodek et al.

Presents abstracts of papers about fetal echocardiography, presented at the 10th World Congress on Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology, held in October 2000 in Zagreb, Croatia. Inclusion of 'Fetal cardiac flow velocity waveforms between 14 and 16 weeks' gestation in normal pregnancies,' by M. Ben-Ami et al; 'The routine use of the three vessels and traches view in fetal echocardiography,' by S. Yagel.

There is little doubt that the worldwide Cesarean delivery epidemic has led to an increased incidence of abnormally adherent and invasive placentation. The significant impact that this disorder has on maternal morbidity and mortality has led to a flurry of publications in the literature concerning all aspects of the condition. These papers have arisen from many sources, notably pathologists, epidemiologists, obstetricians and radiologists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses improvements within the "Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology," the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG). Due to the dearth of papers in ultrasound's application on gynecological disease imaging, ISUOG will be publishing a series of papers under the banner "Imaging in Gynecological Disease" in the journal. The section is intended to educate specialists on the benefits and harms of gynecological ultrasound.

The author discusses a study which examines the capacity of ultrasonography to get a presurgical Lasmar score for hysteroscopic myomectomy. The author believes that the said study is important because it showed that three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound can provide results similar to those obtained by ultrasound with diagnostic hysteroscopy. The author argues on the paper's claim that ultrasound images can be interpreted easier during the luteal phase of menstrual cycle.

The article discusses the policies for the submission of papers to the journal "Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology."

The article discusses the authors' insights on the paper of M. Badouraki and colleagues regarding the evaluation of pelvic ultrasonography in the diagnosis of sexual precocity in girls. The authors argue that they are disappointed with inconsistencies in assessing ovarian volume in central precocious puberty (CPP) diagnosis. They require Badouraki and colleagues to revise their data. They also ask the team to analyze their data relative to anteroposterior diameter at the fundus.

In this article the authors reflect on the improvements in ultrasound technology. They notes that a number of clinicians had become more skilled in the use of ultrasound to observe anomalies. They also discusses two papers in which ultrasound was used such as the underlying genetic disorders in cleft lip/palate and the detection of chromosomal and structural anomalies. They concluded that ultrasound should be of significant value in the detection of anomalies.

An abstract of the conference paper "Transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of vesico-peritoneal fistula due to deep infiltrating endometriosis as a cause of uroperitoneum," by S. Guerriero and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Three-dimensional sonographic volumetry of phantom objects: comparing rotational method Virtual Organ Computer-aided AnaLysis (VOCAL) to multi slice method Extended Imaging (XI) VOCAL," by H. Milani and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "GI-RADS: a new proposal for classifying adnexal masses based on sonographic findings," by F. Amor and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Intrapartum sonography for the diagnosis of persistent occiput posterior position and the progression angle in the second stage of labour," by I. Blasi, R D'Amico and V. Fenu is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Comparison of conventional and PureWave Crystal probe in obstetric sonography," by T. K. Lau, Y. M. Yu and M. Chen is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "3D/4D ultrasound-diagnostic value in the assessment of anomalies affecting specific limb segments or bones," by M. Momtaz and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Transvaginal real time elastosonography for uterine fibroids diagnosis and mapping," by O. Ami and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Comparative evaluation of nuchal fold thickness measurement by 2D ultrasonography and 3D eXtended imaging (3DXI)-a preliminary study," by L. C. Bussamra and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Cervical length in the first trimester: Sonographic definition, normal ranges and correlation with pregnancy outcome" by L. J. Salomon and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Intercenter variability in ultrasound features of malignant and benign adnexal masses" by L. Ameye and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Fetal biometric measurements by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography by an inexperienced operator," by F. Yang and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "The '?' sign: a new ultrasonographic marker of tetralogy of Fallot," by J. Martinez, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Prediction of postnatal renal function from fetal renal volume measured by 3D ultrasonography in hydronephrosis fetus near term - a preliminary study," by K. Nam, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Comparison between transvaginal and abdominal sonography of lower uterine segment thickness near term," by E. Bujold, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Can we rely on transvaginal ultrasonography in the detection of endometrial polyps? A comparison of transvaginal ultrasonography, hysteroscopy and pathology reports," by M. Paszkowska, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "The clinical value of three-dimensional ultrasonography technology in the amnioscope mode for diagnosis during the first trimester" by C. Xinlin is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Ultrasonographic characteristics of borderline ovarian tumors-5-year experience of a single institution" by Y. Goldberg and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Detection of fetal major structural anomalies at the 11-14 ultrasound scan in an unselected population" by P. Calda and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Fetal general movements and brain sonography in a population at high risk for preterm birth" by M. P. Bakker and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Transvaginal sonography in postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving tamoxifen" by D. Nemescu and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Saline infusion versus gel instillation sonography: a prospective cohort study" by E. Werbrouck and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Ultrasound findings of junctional epidermolysis bullosa, case report," by M. Tulbah, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Sonographic apperance of endomyometriosis - case report," by E. Epstein, and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Saline infusion sonography endometrial sampling superior to endometrial biopsy in diagnosis of endometrial pathology," by E. Moschos and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "2- or 3-dimensional ultrasonography: What is the best predictor of pulmonary hypoplasia in complicated pregnancies?," by P. Vergani and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Role of clinical and ultrasound findings for the diagnosis of retained products of pregnancy," by A. Jamal and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the conference paper "Role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Kosova experience," by S. Sylejmani and colleagues is presented.