Search

BackgroundAlcohol dependence and related health problems have attracted greater than ever attention in recent years. Alcohol dependence not only affected personal behavior control ability， but also brought adverse effect to families and society.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between cognitive function and personality traits among male alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior， in order to provide references for improving the cognitive function of male alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior.MethodsMale patients with alcohol dependence attending Hunan Brain Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 and fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. According to the score of Modified Overt Aggression Scale （MOAS）， participants were classified into aggressive behavior group and non-aggressive behavior group at 1∶1 ratio， each with 80 cases. The enrolled subjects were then evaluated using Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ-RSC） and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation between EPQ-RSC and RBANS scores among alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior.ResultsScores on each subscale in RBANS were all lower in aggressive behavior group than those in non-aggressive behavior group （t=2.176， 2.580， 2.076， 2.308， 2.193， P

BackgroundDue to the prominent particularity of medical work， nurses are prone to developing depression， which not only poses a considerable threat to the physical and mental health of nurses， but also affects the quality of nursing to some extent. Occupational stress is a known contributor to depression in nurses， whereas relatively little research has been done to investigate the underlying mediation path.ObjectiveTo explore the mediation effect of perceived organizational support and psychological capital on the relationship between occupational stress and depression among nurses， and to provide theoretical references for the prevention and treatment of occupational stress-induced depression in nurses.MethodsFrom March to August 2019， a stratified random sampling method was utilized to select a sample size of 720 nurses in each department of a grade A tertiary hospital in Shandong Province. All subjects were assessed using Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire （ERI）， Perceived Organization Support Questionnaire （POS）， Psychological Capital Questionnaire （PCQ） and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale （CES-D）. Pearson correlation was adopted to examine the correlation among above scales， and multilevel mediation analyses were conducted with model 6 in Process macro （version 3.3） for SPSS 26.0 using Bootstrap re-sampling method.ResultsA total of 658 nurses （91.39%） completed the effective questionnaire survey. ERI score was positively correlated with CES-D score （r=0.499， P

Bipolar disorder （BD） is a complex mental illness characterized by mood fluctuations， excitability and impaired functioning. Anxiety in BD patients frequently leads to increased clinical symptoms， worse social functioning， and a higher risk of suicide. Current research on BD with anxiety symptom primarily examined clinical characteristics， prevalence and treatment， with limited focus and inconsistent findings on its neuro-biogenetic mechanisms. The findings in this area were also inconsistent. Magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）， known for its non-invasive nature and high resolution， is extensively utilized in investigating disease mechanisms. Consequently， this paper gave a comprehensive review on the progress in brain imaging on BD patients with anxiety symptom， seeking to discern stable changes in brain structure and function， thereby enrich our understanding of the neurobiological etiology of this condition and offer valuable insights for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies making. This paper covered 14 original studies and synthesized their findings on brain structure and function. Conclusively， the changes of brain functional activities in BD patients with anxiety symptom mainly involve the prefrontal lobe， posterior cingulate cortex， temporal lobe and angular gyrus， while the changes of brain structure mainly involve the left hippocampus and middle frontal gyrus， but the consistency of the research results needs to be enhanced. The research in this field is not sufficient, and more homogeneous clinical samples and larger longitudinal studies are needed to verify and supplement the above results. ［Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82071524）］

Stress， as an adaptive response of the organism to internal and external environmental stimuli， may have detrimental effects on health when excessively or continuously activated， particularly on contributing the occurrence and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore， this paper comprehensively reviews the relationship between stress and cardiovascular diseases from four aspects： epidemiology， pathophysiological mechanisms， stress-related cardiovascular diseases and advances in the treatment， aiming to provide references for prevention， early diagnosis and effective intervention of cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice. ［Funded by Beijing Natural Science Foundation （number， 2108000050）］

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior has become a major public health concern and can have significant implications for the physical and mental health of adolescents. Peer victimization is a risk factor for adolesents to have NSSI behavior， so exploring the relationship and underlying mechanism between peer victimization and NSSI functions will provide a promising strategy for the prevention and intervention of NSSI behavior.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between peer victimization and NSSI functions in adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression， so as to provide references for the intervention of NSSI behavior in adolescent patients with unipolar and bipolar depression.MethodsUsing multi-stage stratified sampling， 940 adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for bipolar depressive episodes or depressive disorders were selected from 14 psychiatric hospitals in China. All participations were assessed using Chinese version of the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation （C-FASM）， Multidimensional Peer-Victimization Scale （MPVS）， UCLA Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS） and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item （PHQ-9）. Pearson correlation coefficient was to assess the correlation among above scales， and the model fit and path coefficients for mediation were analyzed with model 4 in Process 4.0 for SPSS.ResultsA total of 698 （74.26%） adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression completed the questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 374 patients （53.58%）. Among adolescents with unipolar and bipolar depression and NSSI behavior， MPVS total score was positively correlated with the scores of NSSI emotion regulation function， attention-seeking function and social avoidance function in C-FASM （r=0.104， 0.130， 0.266， P

BackgroundCompliance of functional exercise has considerable impact on the effectiveness of postoperative rehabilitation among patients with breast cancer. Both symptom burden and hope level of patients are in relation with the compliance mentioned above， but there is limited evidence for the relationship among the three in patients after breast cancer surgery.ObjectiveTo explore the pathway of hope level between symptom burden and functional exercise compliance in patients after breast cancer surgery， with intention to provide references for improving their functional exercise compliance.MethodsFrom March 26 to December 9， 2023， 312 patients who received breast cancer surgery in a tertiary grade A hospital in Sichuan Province were selected as the study objects. Investigation was conducted by adopting scales including the Chinese version of the M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory （MDASI-C）， the Chinese version of the Herth Hope Scale （HHS-C） and the Functional Exercise Compliance Scale among breast cancer patients after discharge. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation among each scale score. Model 4 from the macro program Process of SPSS 25.0 was used to analyze the pathway of hope level between symptom burden and functional exercise compliance.ResultsA total of 308 patients （98.72%） after breast cancer surgery completed effective questionnaire survey. As results showed， MDASI-C score was negatively correlated with scores of HHS-C and functional exercise compliance （r=-0.202， -0.279， P

BackgroundCognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） is a widely used and empirically supported psychotherapy method. In recent years， the localization of CBT related to culture has received increasing attention from Chinese scholars. However， there is still a lack of systematic research on the localization of CBT using idioms as materials.ObjectiveTo explore whether idioms reflect the mutual influence between the two core therapeutic elements of CBT （cognition and emotion） and to use them as CBT treatment tools among college students， so as to provide references for the localization of CBT.MethodsUsing the Xinhua Idiom Dictionary （second edition） published by the Commercial Press， a three-round manual screening method was used to select idioms that reflected the mutual influence between cognition and emotion in CBT. Based on the selected idioms， a survey questionnaire titled "survey on idiom understanding level" was developed. From August to October， 2022， stratified sampling was conducted among college students from different majors and universities， and 815 valid questionnaires were obtained through the Questionnaire Star platform. By analyzing the understanding of each idiom among college students， idioms that could be used as CBT treatment tools were identified.ResultsIn the Xinhua Idiom Dictionary （second edition）， there were 13 idioms that reflected the influence of cognition on emotion and 5 idioms that reflected the influence of emotion on cognition. 12 idioms could be used as CBT treatment tools， including 8 idioms that reflected the influence of cognition on emotion and 4 idioms that reflected the influence of emotion on cognition.ConclusionThere may be idioms that reflect the mutual influence between the two core therapeutic elements of CBT （cognition and emotion） and these idioms can be attempted as a therapeutic tool for CBT among college students.

BackgroundSuicidal ideation serves as a sensitive predictive indicator for non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior， and NSSI behavior brings profound effects to both mental and physical health of senior high school students. Existing studies have made exploration on the relationship among insomnia， anxiety and NSSI behavior in the general population， but the internal mechanism of NSSI behavior in senior high school students with suicidal ideation requires further study.ObjectiveTo explore the pathway of anxiety between insomnia and NSSI behavior in senior high school students， so as to provide references for the intervention on NSSI behavior in such demographic.MethodsFrom December 10 to 15， 2021， cluster sampling was adopted to select 2 572 senior high school students across three senior high schools in Hubei Province as the research objects. Assessment was conducted by using Insomnia Severity Index （ISI）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 item （GAD-7） and Adolescents Self-Harm Scale. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation among scores of scales finished by senior high school students with suicidal ideation. Model 4 from the SPSS 20.0 Process 4.2 was employed to test the mediating path of anxiety between insomnia and NSSI behavior.ResultsA total of 2 421 valid questionnaires （94.13%） were recovered， which revealed 554 cases （22.88%） with suicidal ideation and 408 cases （16.85%） with NSSI behavior. The scores of ISI， GAD-7 and Adolescents Self-Harm Scale of senior high school students with suicidal ideation were higher than those of students without suicidal ideation （Z=17.124， 20.611， 21.314， P

BackgroundSchizophrenic patients have metabolic disorders， impaired language and information processing function. Inflammatory factors may play an important role in the occurrence and development of schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of the inflammatory factor levels with metabolic levels， language fluency and information processing function in patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide references for clinical understanding of the neuropathological mechanisms of schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 96 patients with schizophrenia were included in the study group， who were hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2021 to December 2022 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） and Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview （MINI） 6.0 .Meanwhile， population who underwent physical examination at the same hospital were included in the control group （n=42）. A high-sensitivity multi factor electrochemiluminescence analyzer was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors IL-4， IL-5， IL-7， IL-8， IL-10 and IL-13. A fully automated biochemical analyzer was used to detect the levels of metabolic indicators such as fasting blood glucose， triglycerides， high-density lipoprotein， apolipoprotein A， creatinine and urea nitrogen. Verbal fluency and information processing function of all participants were assessed by using Verbal Fluency Test （VFT） and Stroop Color Word Test （SCWT）.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the levels of IL-4， IL-5， IL-7， IL-8， IL-10， IL-13 and IL-15 between the study group and the control group （P

BackgroundCurrently， the diagnosis of depressive disorder relies on symptomatology， which is greatly influenced by subjective factors such as clinicians' experience. Finding more accurate and reliable quantitative diagnostic methods is currently an urgent problem.ObjectiveTo explore the value of Fisher discriminant function based on inflammatory cytokines in the diagnosis of depressive disorder， so as to provide references for clinical diagnosis.MethodsA total of 136 patients diagnosed with depressive disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria， who underwent inpatient treatment at Hebei Mental Health Center from April 2020 to November 2020， were enrolled as study group. 67 healthy participants matched for age and gender， was recruited during the same period. Serum levels of inflammatory cytokine were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Fisher discriminant model was employed to establish a discriminant function for inflammatory cytokines exhibiting significant statistical differences between study group and control group， which was then validated.ResultsThe levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） ， interferon-γ （INF-γ） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） were higher in the study group compared with control group， with statistically significant differences （U=9.115， 5.239， 4.431， 5.428， P

BackgroundObsessive-compulsive personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder （OCD） are common psychological disorders with similar clinical symptoms， but the differences between the two need further clarification.ObjectiveTo explore the clinical features of and influencing factors of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in patients with OCD， so as to provide references for further relevant clinical diagnosis and treatment.MethodsA total of 195 patients with OCD were selected as the research subjects， who received treatment at the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from July 2022 to December 2023 and met the diagnostic criteria for OCD in the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. Evaluation was conducted by using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale （Y-BOCS）， Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4+ （PDQ-4+）， Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised （OCI-R）， Beck Depression Inventory （BDI）， Beck Anxiety Inventory （BAI） and Sheehan Disability Scale （SDS）. In accordance with the score of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale in PDQ-4+， patients were divided into the OCD group with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder （n=58） and the OCD group without obsessive-compulsive personality disorder （n=137）. Pearson correlation analysis and Spearman correlation analysis were adopted to examine the correlation between clinical features and the score of the Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.ResultsStatistically significant differences were observed between OCD patients with and without obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in the age， family history of mental illness， time without treatment， hoarding and ranking dimension scores in OCI-R， OCI-R total score， score of Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale in PDQ-4， and BDI score （P≤0.05）. OCD patients with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder in the time without treatment， OCI-R total score， hoarding and ranking dimension scores in OCI-R and BDI score are all positively correlated with the score of the Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Scale （r=0.120， 0.526， 0.364， 0.492， 0.414， P

BackgroundComorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） and emotional dysregulation may represent a distinct subtype of ADHD， which is characterized by an increased risk of anxiety or depressive disorder and a poor clinical prognosis， so research is urgently required to explore its unique executive functioning profile and clinical characteristics. However， there is limited research comparing the clinical symptoms and executive function in children with ADHD in terms of the presence or absence of emotional dysregulation.ObjectiveTo explore the executive function and clinical characteristics of ADHD children with emotional dysregulation.MethodsFrom June 2020 to December 2023， 118 children aged 7 to 12 with ADHD attending the Mental Health Center of West China Hospital， Sichuan University and fulfilling the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. Children were classified into emotional dysregulation group （n=68） and non-emotional dysregulation group （n=50） based on the standard T-scores of Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist （CBCL）- anxious/depressed， aggressive behavior and attention problems subscales. All children were then subjected to complete the Chinese version of Swanson Nolan and Pelham，Version IV Scale-parent form （SNAP-IV）， Chinese Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children （C-WISC）， Weiss Functional Impairment Scale-Parent form （WFIRS-P） and 4 tests of the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery （CANTAB）： ①Stockings of Cambridge （SOC） testing spatial planning. ②Intradimensional-extradimensional Set Shifting（IED） testing cognitive/attentional flexibility， adjusting the total errors across the task. ③Spatial Working Memory （SWM） testing spatial working memory. ④Rapid Visual Information Processing （RVP） testing sustained attention.ResultsThe SNAP-IV Inattention， Hyperactivity/Impulsivity and Oppositional Defiant Disorder domain scores and total score were all higher in emotional dysregulation group compared with non-emotional dysregulation group （t=3.206， 5.088， 6.316， 6.553， P

BackgroundAcne treatment cycle lasts long and will cause facial appearance damage. Many patients are prone to psychological problems and severe patients may even experience suicidal ideation.However， the influencing factors of psychological health problems in acne patients are still unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the mental health status of patients with moderate-to-severe acne and to analyze the influencing factors of their psychological health problems， so as to provide references for improving their mental health.MethodsA total of 120 patients with moderate-to-severe acne of grades II-IV were selected as the research subjects， who were treated in the dermatology outpatient department of the Third Hospital of Mianyang from June 2021 to June 2023. All subjects were evaluated by using the Acne-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire（Acne-QoL）， Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）， Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale （RSES） and Social Phobia Inventory （SPIN）. According to the evaluation results of SDS， SAS， RSES， SPIN， subjects were divided into a group with mental health problems （n=21） and a group without mental health problems （n=99）. Binary Logistic regression anaylsis was adopted to explore the influencing factors of psychological health problems in acne patients.ResultsA total of 21 patients （17.50%） were detected to have symptoms of depression， anxiety， inferiority or social dysfunction. Statistically significant difference was observed in comparison between two groups in gender， profession， acne classification， dietary habit， age， illness course as well as the factor scores of self perception， emotional function， social function and acne symptom in Acne-QoL （χ2=7.013， 23.123， 9.028， 11.327， t=9.913， 13.022， 4.081， 5.383， 5.361， 10.203，P

BackgroundAlzheimer's disease （AD） is the most common type of dementia. There has been an increasing trend in incidence rate. The drug therapy has been proven ineffective in improving the cognitive function of AD patients or delaying the disease progression， leading to perceived low adherence with treatment and low efficacy. Previous basic research shows that blue light irradiation is helpful to improve the cognitive function of AD model rats， but there is no corresponding clinical study on the improvement effect of blue light irradiation on cognitive function of AD patients.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of blue light irradiation in improving the cognitive function of AD patients， so as to provide references for cognitive stabilization or improvement of AD patients.MethodsA sample of 155 patients who were hospitalized in Geriatric Department of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital from June 2019 to December 2023 and met the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria for AD were retrospectively selected. Among them， 80 cases who received blue light irradiation combined with memantine therapy and conventional psychotherapy were the study group， and 75 cases who only received memantine therapy and conventional psychotherapy were the control group. Blue light irradiation therapy lasted for 4 weeks， 5 times per week， with each session lasting for 30 min. Then Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） and Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL） were administered at the baseline and after treatment.ResultsAfter treatment， study group reported an increase in MMSE total score， orientation， immediate recall， attention/calculation， delayed recall and language dimension scores （Z=-6.931， -5.773， -4.123， -3.649， -3.508， -4.733， P

BackgroundIndividuals may experience significant alterations in sleep hygiene during the major public health emergencies， consequently impacting their sleep quality.ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between sleep quality and sleep hygiene among adult residents during the major public health emergencies， so as to provide references for improving the sleep quality of residents during such a period.MethodsA sample of 1 364 adult residents were enrolled as the research subjects from February 20 to 29， 2020. All participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaire to obtain basic-demographic information and sleep hygiene. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） was applied to assess sleep quality. Residents were classified into poor sleepers with PSQI score ≥8 and good sleepers defined as PSQI score

BackgroundGeriatric depression is a common psychiatric problem among older adults. Animal-assisted interventions （AAI） can aid in the treatment of psychiatric disorders， but their effectiveness in geriatric depression remains controversial.ObjectiveTo provide an overview of the current research on AAI in alleviating geriatric depression， in order to provide references for developing AAI programs for this population.MethodsBased on Arksey's scoping review method， a comprehensive literature search was conducted on April 16， 2023. The databases searched included China Knowledge Network， VIP， Wanfang Medical Network， China Biomedical Literature Database， Web of Science， PubMed， CINAHL， Cochrane Library and Embase. The search aimed to collect studies related to AAI and geriatric depression from the inception of each database until April 15， 2023. Two trained researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data on basic information.ResultsA total of 13 studies were included in the final review. AAI settings included nursing homes， hospitals， communities， day care centers and residences. Interventions involved touching and naming the animals， verbally interacting with the animals， playing games with the animals， communicating with the therapists and learning to care for the animals. AAI was found to improve social interaction and communication abilities， bring positive emotional experiences and enhance life satisfaction in geriatric depression. However， its effect on cognitive function improvement was inconclusive.ConclusionAAI can potentially alleviate negative mood and depressive symptoms in geriatric depression. ［Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82001444）］

Duloxetine hydrochloride，a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor （SNRIs）， is a commonly used antidepressants. Its mechanism of action involves increasing synaptic monoamine neurotransmitters concentration， leading to antidepressant effects. While gastrointestinal reactions and elevated blood pressure are common side effects， duloxetine can rarely induce syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion （SIADH）. This case report presents a patient with depression who developed SIADH following duloxetine hydrochloride initiation， with the main clinical manifestation being restless thirst and excessive drinking. This case is presented to raise awareness among clinicians of this rare yet potentially serious adverse effect of duloxetine treatment.

Anxiety disorders are characterized by high prevalence and recurrence rate. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors （SSRIs） and cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） are recommended as first-line treatments for anxiety disorders， while some patients do not response to either of these treatments. Therefore， exploring the neurobiological mechanisms associated with treatment response and valuable prognostic marker is of great value in guiding clinical decision making. Previous studies have reported an altered electroencephalogram （EEG） pattern in patients with anxiety disorders after treatment， and revealed a correlation between baseline EEG and treatment response， suggesting that EEG is of great value in predicting the treatment response in anxiety disorders. The purpose of this article is to delineate findings from a systematic review of the literature investigating the EEG signal in prognostic prediction and exploration of neurobiological mechanisms， so as to provide electrophysiological evidence for individualized treatment of anxiety disorders. Results of this review show that patients responding more strongly to negative emotional stimuli before treatment are more likely to benefit from SSRIs and CBT. After the CBT， no statistical difference is found in the amplitude of error-related negativity （ERN） and P1 component between pre- and post- procedure measurements， suggesting that CBT may not reduce anxiety symptoms by improving attention bias and behavioral monitoring. EEG indicators related to emotion perception under negative emotional stimuli at baseline， such as late positive potential （LPP）， may be promising markers for predicting response to treatment in anxiety disorders. ［Funded by the Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project of "Brain Science and Brain-like Research" （number， 2021ZD0202004）； Capital Health Development Scientific Research Project （number， 2020-1-2121）］

BackgroundThe incidence of mental disorders is steadily increasing. However， antipsychotic medications， commonly used in treatment， can lead to drug-induced amenorrhea in female patients. This side effect significantly reduces medication adherence and increases the risk of disease recurrence. Therefore， addressing drug-induced amenorrhea in female patients has become an urgent problem requiring effective solutions.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine compound in treating antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea， so as to provide guidance for the treatment of this condition using traditional Chinese medicine compound.MethodsOn September 4， 2022， a computerized search was conducted on across multiple databases， including China National Knowledge Infrastructure， VIP Database， Wanfang Database， China Biomedical Literature Database， PubMed， Cochrane Library and Embase， and randomized controlled trials （RCT） of traditional Chinese medicine compound in treating antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea were collected. The quality of the included literature was assessed using Cochrane 5.3 bias risk assessment tool. Meta-analysis was performed to assess the total effective rate， cure rate， incidence of adverse reactions and recurrence rate using RevMan 5.3.ResultsUltimately， 22 RCT involving 1 879 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the total effective rate （RR=1.29， 95% CI： 1.16~1.44） and cure rate （RR=1.62， 95% CI： 1.45~1.80） of traditional Chinese medicine compound or its combination with western medicine in treating antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea were significantly higher compared to western medicine alone. Moreover， the incidence of adverse reactions （RR=0.56， 95% CI： 0.41~0.76） and recurrence rate （RR=0.16， 95% CI： 0.06~0.42） were significantly lower than those of western medicine alone.ConclusionTraditional Chinese medicine compound may offer benefits in ameliorating antipsychotic-induced amenorrhea and its safety is better than simple western medicine treatment.

BackgroundSchizophrenia and the use of antipsychotic medications are identified to be the likely contributors to the development of metabolic syndrome （MS） and cardiovascular disease， and jeopardize the prognosis of schizophrenia. Therefore， effectively preventing or reducing the risk of developing MS in patients with schizophrenia is critical.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of aripiprazole combined with olanzapine for male schizophrenia patients and its effect on MS， so as to provide a certain reference for the selection of antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia patients.MethodsMale patients （n=80） who were hospitalized in The Third People's Hospital of Meizhou from February to June 2023 and fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria for the schizophrenia were enrolled， and grouped using random number table method， each with 40 cases. Study group was treated with aripiprazole combined with olanzapine， while control group was given aripiprazole monotherapy. The treatment lasted for 6 continuous weeks in both groups. At the baseline， Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS） score， MS-related indices ［fasting plasma glucose （FPG）， hemoglobin A1c （HbA1c）， body mass index （BMI）， waist-to-hip ratio （WHR）， lipid profile］， S100 calcium-binding protein B （S100B） and high sensitivity C-reactive protein （hs-CRP） were recorded. Then the PANSS scores at the end of the 2nd， 4th and 6th week of treatment， the Clinical Global Impression （CGI） scores at the end of the 2nd and 6th week of treatment， as well as the MS-related indices， S100B， hs-CRP， Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS） score and Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects （RSESE） score at the end of the 6th week of treatment were recorded in all participants.ResultsAnalysis on PANSS score revealed a significant group effect， time effect and group×time interaction effect （F=18.092， 634.780， 2.917， P

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder and insomnia often coexist， and the two may share a mechanism of pathogenesis and be affected by common underlying genes with strong pleiotropic effects. Previous genome-wide association studies （GWAS） mainly focused on single-gene morphological characters analysis， which impose limitations on showing possible pleiotropic effects.ObjectiveTo identify genetic loci related to insomnia and major depressive disorder， and to examine whether there are common genetic factors underlying both insomnia and depression.MethodsThe GWAS data for major depressive disorder originates from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium （PGC）， which comprises a total of 246 363 depressive cases and 561 190 controls. The insomnia GWAS data was downloaded from Sleep Disorder Knowledge Portal， involving 1 331 010 participants. Then the conditional false discovery rate （cFDR） and conjunction cFDR （ccFDR） were utilized to identify the genetic loci associated with major depressive disorder and insomnia， and pathway enrichment analysis was performed to examine the biological functions of these loci.ResultsA significant pleiotropic effect was detected between major depressive disorder and insomnia. By leveraging pleiotropic enrichment， 21 susceptibility loci （17 novel loci） for major depressive disorder and 38 susceptibility loci （28 novel loci） for insomnia were identified with the threshold of cFDR

BackgroundTo date， pharmacologic therapy is considered the standard first-line treatment for insomnia disorder， but there are still some concerns over the adverse reactions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） and cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia （CBT-I） as an alternative to pharmacologic therapy have the advantages of fewer side effects and better patient tolerance in the treatment of chronic insomnia disorder.ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of rTMS and CBT-I on chronic insomnia disorder， so as to provide a novel therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic insomnia disorder.MethodsA total of 50 patients with chronic insomnia disorder attending the outpatient clinic of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Mental Health Center or community hospital from September 21， 2020 to December 16， 2021 and fulfilling the International Classification of Sleep Disorders， third edition （ICSD-3） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. Additionally， 16 age- and sex-matched healthy controls recruited from the community were set as control group. Patients were randomly divided into rTMS group and CBT-I group， 25 cases in each group， and received rTMS or CBT-I intervention for 6 weeks respectively. At enrollment and completion of intervention， patients were subjected to Polysomnography （PSG）， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， Insomnia Severity Index （ISI） and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS）. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging （rs-fMRI） scans， and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation （ALFF） was calculated. The brain regions with statistically different ALFF values between patient group and control group were chosen as regions of interest （ROIs）， and whole-brain seed-based functional connectivity analyses were conducted.ResultsAfter a 6-week intervention in the two groups， the main effect of time was significant for PSQI （F=41.160， P

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent diseases， which imposes a heavy burden on patients' families and the society. Sleep disorders are recognized as risk factors for the development of diabetes， which may affect the onset and development of diabetes through neuro-endocrino-metabolic pathways， so identifying the factors responsible for the sleep quality of diabetic patients is of great importance in improving their sleep quality.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship among fear of disease progression， executive function and sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus， so as to provide references for improvement of sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.MethodsA sample of 197 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were admitted to the Endocrinology Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Military Medical University from January to May 2023 and met the criteria defined in the Guideline for the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in China （2020 edition） were consecutively selected. All subjects were assessed using Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form （FoP-Q-SF）， Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult version （BRIEF-A） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. Then the Process macro for SPSS （Model 4） and Bootstrap technique were applied to examine the mediating effect of executive function on the relationship between fear of disease progression and sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Results①75 patients （38.07%） with type 2 diabetes mellitus were found to have sleep problems. ②PSQI score in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was positively correlated with FoP-Q-SF score and BRIEF-A score （r=0.159， 0.287， P

BackgroundThe activity in precuneus within default mode network has been reported to be associated with antidepressant response， whereas the relationship between the functional network of precuneus and early response to antidepressant medications remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between precuneus functional connectivity （FC） and early efficacy of antidepressant treatment in patients with major depressive disorder， so as to find a neurobiomarker to predict the early efficacy of antidepressants.MethodsA consecutive sample of 47 patients with major depressive disorder who attended the Mental Health Center， West China Hospital of Sichuan University from July 2017 to February 2019 and fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were recruited. Baseline resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan findings and clinical assessments were recorded in participants. All patients treated with antidepressants for two weeks. Improvement was defined as 20% or greater reduction in baseline 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptoms Self-Report Scale （QIDS-SR16） by treatment exit， and patients were then classified into early improved group （n=27） and non-improved group （n=20）. FC values of precuneus and whole brain were calculated using bilateral precuneus as seed region， and baseline precuneus FC values were compared between two groups. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to explore the correlation between FC values in brain regions with statistically significant differences and QIDS-SR16 total scores and reduction rates.ResultsFC values between the left precuneus and left precentral gyrus and between the right precuneus and right fusiform gyrus in early improved group were both higher than those in non-improved group （GRF correction， P

BackgroundMindful parenting is related to the physical and mental health of adolescents， but only few empirical studies have been conducted on the mindful parenting and none has addressed on the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ObjectiveTo explore the impact and actor-partner effects of mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress， so as to provide references for improvements in family education and interventions on behavioral problems in adolescents.MethodsA sample of 907 subjects （including family members and students） from three classes in each of five grades from grade 5 in elementary school to grade 9 in junior high school in Mianyang， Sichuan Province were selected from September 8 to 15， 2023. Parents were assessed with Mindfulness In Parenting Questionnaire （MIPQ） and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form （PSI-SF）， and students were required to fulfill aggressive behavior scale of Youth Self-Report （YSR）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation among the above scales. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to analyze the impact of mindful parenting on their own and their spouses' parenting stress， as well as the impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via parenting stress.ResultsA total of 472 families completed the effective questionnaires. Both father and mother's mindful parenting exhibited an actor effect on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their own parenting stress， with the effect size of -0.018 （P=0.002） and -0.026 （P=0.012）. The partner effect sizes of father's mindful parenting and mother's mindful parenting on adolescents' aggressive behaviors via their spouse's parenting stress were -0.006 （P=0.026） and -0.007 （P=0.012）， respectively.ConclusionMindful parenting has been proven to have specific indirect impact on adolescents' aggressive behaviors through their own and their spouse's parenting stress， and the actor effect and partner effect are found both significant. ［Funded by Key Project of National Education Science Planning and Ministry of Education （number， DBA220439）］

BackgroundLung cancer is a malignancy of high incidence rate and mortality in China. The fear of relapse can affect the patient's treatment compliance and reduce their quality of life. There have been previous studies on the relationship between fear of lung cancer relapse and disease perception， as well as disease perception and psychological flexibility. However， current research on the status quo of fear of lung cancer relapse and its correlation with illness perception and psychological flexibility is limited.ObjectiveTo explore the fear of cancer relapse and its relations with illness perception and psychological flexibility in patients with lung cancer， and to provide references for subsequent related clinical interventions.MethodsA total of 96 patients were selected as the research subjects， who were pathologically diagnosed with lung cancer and admitted to Fuyang People's Hospital from January 2021 to July 2022. Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form （FoP-Q-SF）， Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire （BIPQ） and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Ⅱ （AAQ-Ⅱ） were used for evaluation. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between scores of various scales， and multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of relapse fear in lung cancer patients.ResultsThe total FoP-Q-SF score of lung cancer patients was （35.35±7.66） and a total of 65 cases （67.71%） had a FoP-Q-SF score≥34. As relevant analyses showed， the BIPQ total score of lung cancer patients was positively correlated with the total score， social family dimension score and physiological health dimension score of Fop-Q-SF （r=0.586， 0.445， 0.475， P

BackgroundSchizophrenia patients are often accompanied by negative symptoms and severe cognitive impairment， but effective interventions intended to alleviate such condition are currently limited. Existing researches on group play therapy for schizophrenia is still in its initial stages， and such therapy has the potential to contribute to symptoms improvement.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of group play therapy on improving cognitive function and negative symptoms in hospitalized female patients with schizophrenia， so as to provide references for clinical intervention in such group.MethodsThis study involved 40 female patients with schizophrenia who received inpatient treatment at the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang from April 2022 to May 2023 as well as met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. They were divided into study group （n=20） and control group （n=20） according to the random number table method. Both groups received routine treatment， and the study group received 10 sessions of group play therapy for 5 weeks on the basis. At baseline， Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms （SAPS）， Scale for Assessment of Negative Symptoms （SANS）， Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation （NOSIE）， and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS） were used for assessment. Post-therapy evaluation was conducted by using SAPS， SANS and RBANS. Patients' baseline SAPS scores， SANS scores， RBANS total scores， and various factor scores of RBANS were used as covariates， and covariance analysis was adopted to compare the scores of each scale between the two groups after treatment.ResultsA total of 39 patients went through the whole study. Results of covariance analysis showed that the SANS score of study group was lower than that of control group， while several scores of RBANS （including total score， immediate memory factor score， speech function factor score and attention factor score） were all higher than those in control group. Significant difference was observed between two groups in scores of both scales above （F=13.408， 10.331， 4.932， 9.967， 10.010， P

BackgroundStroke patients commonly experience varying degrees of psychological distress. Previous studies have shown that the psychological distress of stroke patients is closely related to their coping styles and resourcefulness. However， the path of wisdom in coping style and psychological pain of stroke patients is still unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the path of resourcefulness between coping styles and psychological distress in stroke patients， so as to provide insights for interventions targeting psychological distress.MethodsA total of 350 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for stroke according to the Diagnostic Criteria of Cerebrovascular Diseases in China （version 2019） and were admitted to the neurology departments of two tertiary grade-A hospitals in Luzhou City from January to May 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Basic information was collected using a self-designed questionnaire， and Resourcefulness Scale （RS）， Medical Coping Mode Questionnaire （MCMQ） and Distress Thermometer （DT） were used for assessment. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale. Model 4 of the Process 3.4.1 program was employed to analyze the path of resourcefulness between coping styles and psychological distress， and the Bootstrap method was used to test the mediation effects.ResultsThe DT score showed a negative correlation with the confrontation and RS scores （r=-0.581， -0.716， P

BackgroundMobile phone addiction has attracted widespread attention in society， and psychological abuse and neglect is an important factor in predicting mobile phone addiction， whereas limited research has been done to evaluate its impact on mobile phone addiction.ObjectiveTo explore the correlation of psychological abuse and neglect with mobile phone addiction， and to test the pathway of self-esteem and interpersonal alienation， so as to provide references for preventing and curbing mobile phone addiction in junior high school students.MethodsIn May 2022， a cluster sampling was utilized to select 800 students in two middle schools in a county of Hainan Province， and all students were assessed using Child Psychological Abuse and Neglect Scale （CPANS）， Mobile Phone Addiction Index （MPAI）， Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale （SES） and Interpersonal Alienation Scale of Adolescent StudentsAlienation Scale. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to determine the correlation among the above-mentioned scales， and Process Macro 3.5 for SPSS was used to test the mediation effect.ResultsCPANS score was negatively correlated with SES score （r=-0.278， P

BackgroundProlonged grief disorder （PGD） has serious impact on the quality of patients' work and life. Previous relevant studies have explored the intervention effect of cognitive behavioral therapy（CBT） on PGD， but their conclusions remain controversial due to differences in frequency， time and content of intervention.ObjectiveTo explore the intervention effects of CBT on the PGD through Meta-analysis， so as to provide references for clinical treatment.MethodsOn October 22， 2022， the database of VIP， China Biomedical Literature Database， Wanfang， CNKI， Embase， Cochrane Library， PubMed and Web of Science were searched systematically， and randomized controlled trials （RCTs） of CBT in treating PGD was collected. Outcome indicators include sadness， depression， anxiety and somatization symptoms. RevMan 5.3 was used for Meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 7 articles were included with a total sample size of 528 cases. Meta-analysis results showed that the study group had lower scores than the control group for grief （SMD=-0.78，95% CI：-1.27~-0.29）， depression （SMD=-0.45，95% CI：-0.73~-0.17） and anxiety symptom （SMD=-0.38，95% CI：-0.59~-0.18） with statistically significant differences. However， the difference of scores for somatization symptom between two groups was not significant （SMD=-0.01，95% CI：-0.26~0.25）.ConclusionCBT may contribute to improving the symptoms of grief， depression and anxiety in PGD patients but unsatisfactory efficacy on somatization symptom.

With the implementation of the 'Mental Health Law of the People's Republic of China' and relevant policies， governments at all levels have devoted more resources to community-based rehabilitation services for patients with mental disorders， making the mental health services more accessible and professional to the majority of patients with mental disorders. Monumental achievements have been made in community-based rehabilitation services for patients with severe mental disorders， while challenges have always existed in the China's community mental health service system for patients with severe mental disorders. Therefore， this article elaborated the achievements， challenges and prospects of China's community mental health service system for patients with severe mental disorders， aiming to provide references for future work and further improve the quality and accessibility of community mental health service for patients with mental disorders.

BackgroundThe course of schizophrenia is prolonged， and patients have impaired social function and significantly reduced quality of life. Drug therapy combined with psychological therapy is particularly important for improving the quality of life of patients. Brief cognitive behavioral therapy （BCBT） has been widely applied in clinical practice， but current research on BCBT focuses more on improving patients' symptoms and lacks relevant reports on improving quality of life.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and influencing factors of BCBT combined with conventional treatment on improving the quality of life in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA total of 210 patients who met the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the International Classification of Diseases （10th edition） （ICD-10） and were followed up at the outpatient department of Beijing Anding Hospital Capital Medical University from August 2011 to December 2016 were selected. Using a random number table method， patients were divided into study group and control group， with 105 cases in each group. Both groups received routine treatment， and the research group received a total of 8 BCBT sessions for 12 weeks on this basis. At the baseline period and 12 weeks of treatment， 26 weeks of follow-up and 52 weeks of follow-up， Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）， Personal and Social Performance Scale （PSP） and World Health Organization Quality of Life Brief （WHOQOL-BREF） were used for evaluation.ResultsThe results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the time point effect and interaction effect of PANSS total score were statistically significant （F=118.783， 8.083， P

Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness primarily managed with medication. In recent years， with the rapid development of virtual reality （VR） technology， its application effect in mental illness has been widely concerned. This review aims to explore the application of VR technology in schizophrenia treatment and to provide references for clinical practice. By reviewing randomized controlled trials from both domestic and international sources， the therapeutic efficacy of VR technology in treating schizophrenia was evaluated. The findings consistently demonstrated that VR technology has a positive effect on hallucinations， cognitive function， stress management and emotional control， and social function recovery in schizophrenia. ［Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82160269）； "Spring City Plan" High level Talent Training Program Spring City Top Talents Special Project （number， C201914016）］

BackgroundMajor depressive disorder is one of the most disabling mental diseases. Currently， medication in combination with physiotherapy and psychotherapy remains the most commonly used treatment modality for the disease， whereas only a few randomized controlled studies have been conducted on physiotherapy， and even fewer studies have focused on medication combined with physiotherapy.ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy and safety profile of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） versus modified electroconvulsive therapy （MECT） in combination with antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder， so as to provide an optimized treatment plan for patients with major depressive disorder.MethodsPatients with major depressive disorder （n=335） hospitalized in Shandong Daizhuang Hospital from January 1， 2019 to April 30， 2023 were included， all of whom met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10）. Depending on their disease condition， patients were subjected to either MECT in combination with drugs （n=141） or rTMS in combination with drugs （n=194） after admission. Depressive symptoms were assessed using Hamilton Depression Scale-24 item （HAMD-24） at the baseline and the end of the 1st， 2nd， 3rd and 4th week of treatment， and the adverse reactions were documented in patient's medical records.ResultsAnalysis of variance on HAMD-24 revealed a significant effect of time （F=3.081， P=0.042）， but no effect of group （F=1.023， P=0.313）， and the interaction effect between the time and the groups was not statistically significant （F=1.642， P=0.191）. No statistical difference was reported between two groups in response rate and full remission rate （P>0.05）. Throughout the course of treatment， 58 cases （41.13%） of recent memory impairment and 74 cases （52.48%） of headache or neck muscle pain occurred in MECT combined with drugs group， and 27 cases （13.92%） in rTMS combined with drugs group experienced headache or head skin discomfort.ConclusionAntidepressants in combination with rTMS or MECT show equivalent efficacy in the treatment of major depressive disorder， while rTMS combined with antidepressants demonstrates a superior safety profile compared to MECT.

BackgroundThe existing tools in China for assessing psychiatric nurses' knowledge， attitude and practice towards the use of protective restraint do not sufficiently consider the specialty in psychiatric practice， and the scale items are somewhat cumbersome to use， which together restrict their further promotion and application. Accordingly， there is an urgent need for developing a more scientific assessment tool.ObjectiveTo construct a scale for assessing psychiatric nurses' knowledge， attitude and practice towards the use of protective restraint and to verify its reliability and validity， so as to provide a generic tool for the assessment.MethodsBased on the theoretical framework of the knowledge-attitude-practice model， the preliminary scale was formed through systematic literature review， qualitative interview and Delphi method. From July to December 2021， a stratified sampling was utilized to select 729 psychiatric nurses from tertiary， secondary and primary （including unclassified medical institutions and grassroots hospitals） psychiatric hospitals in Guangdong Province. The formal scale was developed through item analysis， exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The validity of the scale was evaluated by content validity and structure validity， and the reliability was verified by procedures including Cronbach's α coefficient， test-retest reliability， and split-half reliability.ResultsA total of 12 items of three dimensions （knowledge， attitude， practice） were included in the scale for assessing psychiatric nurses' knowledge， attitude and practice towards the use of protective restraint. The scale-level content validity index （S-CVI） was 0.941， and the item-level content validity index （I-CVI） ranged from 0.812 to 1.000. Exploratory factor analysis extracted three common factors， and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 62.948%. The confirmatory factor yielded adequate fit. Cronbach's α coefficient was found to be 0.887 for the scale， 0.819 for knowledge dimension， 0.842 for attitude dimension， and 0.831 for practice dimension. The split-half reliability and test-retest reliability for the scale were 0.712 and 0.922， respectively.ConclusionThe scale shows satisfactory reliability and validity， which can be used to assess psychiatric nurses' knowledge， attitude and practice towards the use of protective restraint. ［Funded by Guangdong Clinical Teaching Base Teaching Reform Research Project （number， 2021JD119）］

BackgroundRehabilitation for schizophrenia typically relies on pharmacological interventions， yet their efficacy in improving social function and quality of life remains limited. In recent years， non-pharmacological approaches have shown promise in enhancing rehabilitation outcomes. However， research on the effectiveness of psychomotor therapy specifically for young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients is limited.ObjectiveTo explore the effects of psychomotor therapy on the rehabilitation of young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients， and to provide a reference for treatment strategies.MethodsA total of 104 young and middle-aged schizophrenic inpatients who met the International Classification of Diseases，tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria and hospitalized in the Fourth People's Hospital of Wuhu from June 2021 to June 2022 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 52 each using random number table method. Both groups received treatment with risperidone tablets （2~4 mg/d） ， along with routine nursing care. Additionally， the research group received an extra 45~55 minutes of psychomotor therapy 2~3 times per week for 12 weeks. The control group received the same psychomotor therapy after the study. Positive and Negative Symptom Scale （PANSS）， Scales of Social-skills for Psychiatric Inpatient （SSPI） and Insight and Treatment Attitude Questionnaire （ITAQ） were used to assess the patients before the intervention and at 4th， 8th and 12th week after the intervention.ResultsThe main effects of intervention at different time points for PANSS positive symptoms， negative symptoms and general psychopathology subscale scores， PANSS total score， SSPI score and ITAQ score were all statistically significant （F=33.989， 204.245， 82.817， 279.596， 26.144， 7.463， P

BackgroundNarrative exposure therapy （NET）， an integration of narrative therapy and exposure therapy， has been shown to be effective in relieving the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD）， which can help patients gain a deeper understanding of their trauma and is also considered to be quite safe. PTSD is highly prevalent in children and adolescents， while the effectiveness of NET intervention varies among the subjects.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effectiveness of NET for PTSD in children and adolescents， so as to provide references for the clinical application of NET.MethodsOn August 1， 2022， the Cochrane Library， PubMed， Web of Science， CINAHL， China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， SinoMed， VIP and Wanfang database were searched from their inception to June 2022. Search was conducted with the use of a combination of medical subject heading and free text terms， and randomized controlled trials relevant to NET for PTSD in children and adolescents were collected. Then the quality of the controlled trials was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias （2011）， and Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software.ResultsNine randomized controlled trials involving 394 children and adolescents with PTSD were included. Meta-analysis showed that NET and relaxation therapy reported comparable symptom relief in PTSD patients within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=0.22， 95% CI： -0.84~1.28） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=0.21， 95% CI： -0.75~1.17）， while NET provided greater PTSD symptom relief than routine therapy both within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=-0.66， 95% CI： -1.04~-0.27） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=-0.77， 95% CI： -1.36~-0.19）， with statistically significant differences. Regarding the alleviation of depressive symptoms， the effect was similar between NET and routine therapy within 1 to 3 months after intervention （SMD=-0.39， 95% CI： -0.98~0.21） and at 6 months after intervention （SMD=-0.74， 95% CI： -2.23~0.75）. No statistical difference was demonstrated between NET and routine therapy in relieving psychological distress （SMD=-0.54， 95% CI： -2.14~1.07） and suppressing hyperorexia （SMD=-0.17， 95% CI： -0.54~0.19） 1 to 3 months after intervention.ConclusionNET yields a better outcome and a medium- and long-term effectiveness in alleviating symptoms of PTSD in children and adolescents compared with routine therapy， while it does not offer any significant advantages in improving depression symptoms， psychological distress and hyperorexia.

BackgroundPostoperative cognitive dysfunction （POCD） is a common complication in elderly patients after surgery， and has a great impact on postoperative rehabilitation of patients.ObjectiveTo explore the effect of mindfulness-based therapy on cognitive function and sleep quality in elderly patients after surgery under local anesthesia， so as to provide references for reducing their incidence risk of POCD and improving sleep quality.MethodsThe simple random sampling method was utilized to select 78 elderly patients who underwent surgery under local anesthesia in The Third Hospital of Mianyang from March 2022 to March 2023. Participants were assigned into study group and control group， each with 39 cases. All patients were subjected to conventional treatment and nursing interventions， and study group added mindfulness-based therapy on this basis. Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE） was administered to patients on 1 day before surgery， and on the 1st， 3rd and 5th day after surgery. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） was employed on 1 day before surgery and on the 3rd day after surgery.ResultsMMSE scores revealed a significant time effect， group effect and time×group interaction effect （F=78.251， 197.071， 371.915， P

BackgroundNurses' moral courage is a special type of altruistic behavior， which is considered to be a key factor to improve patient safety. Empathy level can positively predict altruistic behavior， and moral sensitivity exerts an obvious mediation role in the positive prediction. At present， there is no relevant research to explore the path role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ObjectiveTo verify the mediation role of moral sensitivity in the relationship between empathy and moral courage among nursing students， so as to provide references for increasing the moral courage among nursing students.MethodsFrom June 1 to June 30， 2022， a total of 602 nursing students were recruited via convenience sampling from a tertiary grade A hospital in Mianyang， and participants were assessed using Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese （IRI-C）， Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Chinese Version （MSQ-R-CV） and Nurses' Moral Courage Scale （NMCS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation among above scales. The Process macro plug-in for SPSS was used to test the mediation effect of moral sensitivity on the relationship between empathy and moral courage.ResultsA total of 602 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 96.78%. IRI-C score of nursing students was positively correlated with MSQ-R-CV score and NMCS score （r=0.269， 0.146， P

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder （AUD） is a common chronic and relapsing psychiatric disorders. Identifying severe AUD early and intervening promptly is crucial to prevent irreversible harm. Currently， the assessment of AUD severity primarily relies on psychiatric examination by clinicians， and there is limited research on the factors influencing AUD severity and the development of prediction models.ObjectiveTo analyze the factors influencing AUD severity， and construct a risk prediction model to aid in the assessment of disease progression in AUD patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 1 358 first-time hospitalized patients admitted to Nanning Fifth People's Hospital from January 1， 2017 to December 31， 2022. These patients met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） criteria for AUD. Basic patient data was collected， and the patients were divided into two groups based on disease severity： mild-moderate group （n=330） and severe group （n=1 028）. The patients were randomly divided into training and test sets in a 7∶3 ratio. A Logistic regression model was constructed in the training set， and the predictive ability of the model for disease severity was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve in the test set.ResultsCompared with the mild-moderate group， the severe group had a higher proportion of patients living in urban areas （χ2=7.804）， were farmers （χ2=17.991）， had a higher frequency of alcohol consumption （more than 1 to 2 drinks/day） （χ2=35.267）， had a higher age at first drinking （t=-3.858）， had a greater number of comorbid somatic disorders （Z=-22.782）， and had higher proportions of γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase （χ2=259.940） and total bilirubin abnormalities （χ2=148.552） （P

BackgroundPrevention and intervention of procrastination in college students are of great practical significance， and studies have illustrated a pairwise correlation among mindfulness， self-control， insecure attachment and procrastination， whereas the mechanism by which insecure attachment leads to procrastination remains unclear， and the related mediation path is quite understudied.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of insecure attachment on procrastination among college students and the pathway of mindfulness and self-control， so as to inform the design of interventions for procrastination among college students.MethodsRandom and cluster sampling method were utilized to enroll 514 college students from 4 colleges in Guangdong Province From February to April 2023. Subjects were assessed using Irrational Procrastination Scale （IPS）， Adult Attachment Scale （AAS）， Mindful Attention Awareness Scale （MAAS） and Brief Self-Control Scale （BSCS）. Pearson correlation analysis were adopted to identify the correlation among above scales， and the mediation effect was examined via Bootstrap procedure.ResultsAAS score was positively correlated with IPS score （r=0.382， P

BackgroundThe prevalence of depressive disorder in adolescents is on the rise. There have been studies on the pairwise relations between dysfunctional attitude， negative automatic thoughts， positive coping style and depressive symptoms in the past. However， the impact of the intrinsic relations among dysfunctional attitude， negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style on depressive symptoms is still unclear.ObjectiveTo explore the influence of dysfunctional attitude on adolescent depressive symptoms and examine the action path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style on it， in order to provide references for intervention for adolescent patients with depressisve disorder.MethodsThis study involved 162 adolescent patients with depressive disorder， who met the diagnostic criteria for depressive episodes in the International Classification of Diseases， 10th edition （ICD-10） and received treatment in Taiyuan Psychiatric Hospital from October 1， 2022 to October 31， 2023. These patients were evaluated using Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， Dysfunction Attitude Scale （DAS）， Positive Coping Style Subscale in Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ） and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire （ATQ）. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation among scores of scales above. Model 6 in Process 3.4.1 was adopted to test the acting path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style between dysfunctional attitude and adolescent depression symptoms.ResultsA total of 148 adolescent patients with depressive disorder completed an effective questionnaire survey， with a response rate of 91.36%. The direct effect value of dysfunctional attitude on depressive symptoms was 0.423 and the effect size was 63.32%. Negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style affected as acting path between dysfunctional attitude and depressive symptoms， with effect values of 0.156 （accounting for 23.35% of the total effect） and 0.045 （accounting for 6.74% of the total effect） respectively. Meanwhile， negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style affected as a chain reaction pathway between dysfunctional attitude and depressive symptoms， with an effect value of 0.044， accounting for 6.59% of the total effect.ConclusionDysfunctional attitude can not only directly affect the depressive symptoms of adolescent patients with depressive disorder， but also affect the depressive symptoms of adolescent patients with depressive disorder through the independent path or chain path of negative automatic thoughts and positive coping style.

BackgroundFluvoxamine is increasingly used in the treatment for depressive disorder in adolescents. However， little research has been done on the effect of fluvoxamine on lipid metabolism， and the disordered lipid metabolism would cause severe harm to the health of patients and affect relevant prognosis.ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of fluvoxamine on lipid metabolism in adolescent patients with depressive disorder and to investigate the safety of fluvoxamine treatment.MethodsFrom June 2022 to June 2023， 60 adolescent patients with depressive disorder were involved， who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） and received inpatient treatments in Shanxi Mental Health Center. These cases were randomly divided into study group （receiving fluvoxamine treatment） and control group （receiving sertraline treatment） with 30 cases in each group. The treatment period was 4 weeks. At baseline as well as 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment， both groups' indexes of fasting lipid metabolism were measured， including serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglycerides （TG）， high-density lipoprotein （HDL） and low-density lipoprotein （LDL）， and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） was adopted. The levels of lipid metabolism indexes and HAMD-17 score were compared between the two groups at different follow-up time points.ResultsFor HAMD-17 score， the time effect was statistically significant （F=849.687， P0.05）. For TC levels， the inter-group effect was not statistically significant （F=1.461， P=0.232）， but the time effect and interaction effect were statistically significant （F=13.129， 5.029， P0.05）， but the interaction effect was statistically significant （F=7.577， P=0.004）. For HDL levels， the time effect， inter-group effect and interaction effect were not statistically significant （F=1.079， 0.160， 1.877， P>0.05）. For LDL levels， there was no statistical significance in the inter-group effect （F=0.019， P=0.891）， while statistical significance was observed in both time effect and interaction effect （F=6.721， 9.075， P

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behavior is highly prevalent in middle school students， which poses a significant risk to the physical and mental health of middle school students， so finding ways to improve the NSSI behavior among middle school students is of great significance for promoting their healthy growth.ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between psychological quality and NSSI behavior among middle school students in western Anhui， and to examine the pathway of coping style in the above relationship.MethodsFrom November to December 2020， 22 872 middle school students in western Anhui were selected using stratified cluster random sampling method， and were subjected to complete the assessment of Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire （ANSAQ）， Adolescent's Psychological Suzhi Scale-Simplified Version （APSS-SV） and Coping Style Scale for Middle School Students （CSSMSS）. Spearman correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation among scores of scales and the frequency of NSSI behavior in middle school students. Amos 23.0 was utilized to test the pathway of coping style in the relationship between psychological quality and NSSI behavior.ResultsA total of 21 718 （94.95%） middle school students completed the effective questionnaire survey. NSSI behavior was detected in 7 798 middle school students （35.91%）. ANSAQ total score and CSSMSS positive coping style score of middle school students were negatively correlated with the frequency of NSSI behavior （r=-0.219， -0.179， P

BackgroundDiabetes distress is highly prevalent and has adverse impacts in adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes. However， the related factors of diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes are not clear.ObjectiveTo identify the factors associated with diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes using Meta-analysis， and to provide a scientific evidence for effective prevention and improvement of diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.MethodsOn December 1， 2022， a computerized search was conducted on databases including PubMed， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP and China Biomedical Literature Database， and studies relevant to diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes were systematically included. Quality assessment of cross-sectional and cohort studies was carried out using criteria defined by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality （AHRQ） and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale （NOS）. Then the included studies were pooled in a Meta-analysis using Revman 5.3.ResultsA total of 22 studies were included， involving 6 442 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Meta-analysis denoted that the occurrence of diabetes distress among adolescents with type 1 diabetes was correlated with age （r=0.094，95% CI： 0.042~0.145）， HbA1c （r=0.291， 95% CI： 0.248~0.335）， trait anxiety （r=0.585， 95% CI： 0.526~0.639）， depressive symptoms （r=0.635， 95% CI： 0.590~0.676）， resilience （r=-0.410， 95% CI： -0.528~-0.276） and parents' diabetes distress （r=0.462， 95% CI： 0.421~0.501）.ConclusionFactors including age， HbA1c， trait anxiety， depressive symptoms， resilience and parents' diabetes distress are correlated with diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. ［Funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Program （number， 24KJPX0034）］

BackgroundAnxiety exists as a prevalent psychological problem among college students nowadays， which brings negative influence on their normal life. Mobile phone addiction and loneliness both have an impact on college students' anxiety. However， the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety requires further exploration.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationships among mobile phone addiction， loneliness and anxiety in college students， and to explore the acting path of loneliness between mobile phone addiction and anxiety.MethodsOn December 21， 2023， 1 400 college students from a university in Henan Province were selected， in accordance with the simple random sampling method， for investigation of this study. Questionnaire survey was conducted by using several scales including Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Scale （MPATS）， Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and University of California Los Angeles-Loneliness Scale （UCLA-LS）. Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation between the scores of each scale above， and SPSS macro program Process 3.3 was used to test the mediation effect.ResultsA total of 1 239 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 88.50%. The MPATS score of college students was positively correlated with both SAS and UCLA-LS scores （r=0.474， 0.387， P

BackgroundDomestic researches on the professional identity of psychiatrists are still relatively rare up to now， and effective evaluation tools remain inadequate.ObjectiveTo construct a professional identity questionnaire for psychiatrists with high reliability and validity， so as to provide an effective tool for the evaluation of professional identity of psychiatrists.MethodsA self-designed questionnaire titled "Professional Identity Questionnaire" was compiled. After preliminary screening of items and expert consultation， an initial questionnaire was formed and administered to a sample of 400 psychiatrists， and the final questionnaire was assessed by item analysis， reliability analysis and validity analysis.ResultsThe Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.930 for the final questionnaire， and ranged from 0.817 to 0.920 for each dimension. The value of KMO was 0.904 （χ2=2 931.652， P

With the acceleration of the aging process and change in social lifestyle， the prevalence rate of late-life depression （LLD） in the elderly is increasing year by year. As the most common mental disorder in the elderly， LLD seriously affects the quality of life of patients， and thus brings a heavy burden to the family and society. It may even become life-threatening for the elderly patients. The pathogenesis of LLD is still unclear， which may be caused by a combination effects of biological， social and psychological factor. Given the declined body functions and more comorbid physical diseases in the elderly population， the diagnosis and treatment of LLD patients would be different from that of younger adult patients with depression. This paper reviews the epidemiological characteristics， clinical evaluation， diagnosis， comorbidity， treatment and intervention of LLD， and focuses on the selection of therapeutic drugs and adverse reactions， in order to provide references for better diagnosis and treatment of LLD and improve the prognosis of patients.

Post-stroke anxiety disorder （PSA） is a common psychiatric complication of stroke， which jeopardizes patients' recovery and their quality of life. Recent studies suggest that inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PSA. Therefore， this paper reviewed the related licture about the association between PSA and serum inflammatory biomarkers in order to provide references for the intervention of PSA. In this study， a comprehensive search was performed in China National knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， Web of Science and PubMed database to identify the well qualified literature focusing on the relationship between PSA occurrence and serum inflammatory biomarkers， and a total of 13 studies were retrieved. Analysis indicates a certain association between PSA occurrence and serum inflammatory biomarkers， and denotes that the elevation of inflammatory biomarkers may be a trigger for the disease occurrence and its progression， but the specific mechanism underlying this relationship requires further study.

This article reported a case of a patient with schizophrenia who experienced self-perceived fever and discomfort after taking atypical antipsychotic drugs with strong alpha 1 receptor antagonism， which included olanzapine， risperidone， paliperidone and clozapine. Such phenomenon was believed to be a medication side effect. Therefore， the patient switched to aripiprazole and the fever disappeared. This case report is intended to remind psychiatrists to pay attention to the side effects caused by atypical antipsychotic drugs with strong alpha 1 receptor antagonism as well as to suggest that various factors should be considered， including mechanisms of drug action， patient pathophysiology and individual differences， in order to improve treatment compliance and prognosis.