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In order to improve the safety and preservability of fermented vegetables, strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides AP7, with potent inhibitory effects on foodborne pathogens and bacteria causing paocai over-acidification, was selected from 8 Leuconostoc strains derived from traditional fermented vegetables in Yunnan, China. The main antimicrobial substance of AP7 was determined by eliminating the effects of organic acid and H2O2 and through protease sensitivity. The acid stability and thermal stability were analyzed and potential bacteriocin gene clusters were mined from the whole genome sequence of AP7. The results showed that the culture supernatant still had obvious antibacterial activity after excluding the influence of acid and H2O2, and after protease treatment, the antibacterial effect decreased significantly. It was speculated that the antibacterial substance in the concentrated culture supernatant was bacteriocin. The bacteriocin was sensitive to pH changes, had high thermal stability, and had a molecular weight of 6.51~14.4 kDa. Whole genome sequencing showed that the whole genome of AP7 contained 1 chromosome (1948310 bp) and 2 plasmids (37366 and 20698 bp), with a GC content of 37.7%. There was a gene cluster with Enterocin_X_chain_beta bacteriocin as the core. Its encoded product was predicted to be a positively charged hydrophilic stable protein, the secondary structure was dominated by α-helix, and the tertiary structure was mainly composed of loose peptide chains at both ends and an α-helix in the middle. In summary, the bacteriocin-producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides AP7 has excellent antibacterial properties and has the potential to be applied to the fermentation and preservation of acidic foods.

[Objective] The purpose of this study was to analyse and evaluate the sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region of China, explore the use of natural capital of cultivated land, and provide policy recommendations for promoting the rational utilization of cultivated land resources in the region. [Methods] Based on the crop yield, population, and economic data of China’s black soil region from 2009 to 2016, this study analyzes the sustainable use of cultivated land by constructing an “open” three-dimensional ecological footprint model and a comprehensive sustainable utilization index. [Results] (1) Based on the ecological footprint after adjustment, between 2009 and 2016, 0.084 hm2 per capita of cultivated land resources in the black soil region were occupied by non-local residents, and 0.208 hm2 were occupied by local residents. (2) From the perspective of natural capital flow, per capita occupation of the natural capital flow of the entire cultivated land area in the black soil region was about 0.199 hm2, with the highest value of 0.200 hm2 in 2016; from the perspective of natural capital stock, between 2009 and 2016, the footprint depth first increased to 1.114 and then fluctuated to 1.071. (3) The comprehensive index of sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region basically fluctuated around 0.55; except for Liaoning Province, the index values for all other provinces were between 0.45-0.56. [Conclusion] This study showed that the black soil region bears part of the pressure of cultivated land transfer, experiencing a three-stage evolution path of stock maintenance, stock consumption and stock recovery. Meanwhile, the degree of sustainable utilization of cultivated land in the black soil region and provinces is not high, and there is still much room for policy improvement. This study can provide some theoretical basis and policy insights for the subsequent sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources in the black soil region.

Objective Fire accidents are major safety hazards in metro operation. To reduce fire hazards to an acceptable level and ensure the safe operation of trains, the research is specifically carried out. Method The safety analysis method outlined in EN 50126-2:2017 (Railway Applications – The Specification and Demonstration of Reliability, Availability, Maintainability, and Safety (RAMS) –Part 2: Systems Approach to Safety) is applied to analyze fire hazards in urban rail transit vehicle. Fire hazard lists for each system are established by identifying ignition sources and combustible materials. Using the HAZOP (hazard and operability analysis) method, components contributing to fire incidents are analyzed in detail to identify the causes of fires. Fire hazard identification is carried out in different scenarios during vehicle design, proposing mitigation measures, and tracking risk management measures until the risks are reduced to an acceptable level. Result & Conclusion The identified fire areas from the analysis of fire hazards in metro vehicles are applied to the scenario schemes of fire simulation analysis. The simulation results are used to further refine the fire hazard areas in metro vehicles, and the research results are applied to the design of fire alarm systems, enabling a more reasonable arrangement of fire alarm detection.

Toad venom is an active extract of toad, which is processed by distilling or drying at high temperature the venom secreted from the skin glands and ear-side glands of Toad Chinensis. As a natural product that has been used to treat diseases in China for thousands of years, toad venom has many pharmacological effects such as heart strengthening, analgesia, anti-myocardial ischemia, anti-endotoxin shock, and anti-cancer. Arenobufagin (ARE) is one of the main chemical components of toad venom, and its anti-cancer mechanism has been increasingly clarified in the past decade. ARE can play an anti-cancer role through a variety of ways, such as inducing apoptosis and/or autophagy of cancer cells, necrosis, and cell cycle arrest, inhibiting cancer cell migration and invasion, and inhibiting angiogenesis. The current research on ARE mainly focuses on the selective toxicity of cancer cells and the molecular mechanism of anti-cancer, mostly at the cellular and animal levels. Due to the large toxic and side effects of ARE, unclear targets and unclear pharmacokinetic characteristics, ARE has not yet entered the clinical application in Western medicine. This article summarizes relevant research results on the anti-cancer activity and molecular mechanism of ARE, and its combination with other anti-cancer drugs in order to provide a new direction for improving the anti-cancer mechanism of ARE.

Postoperative pain seriously affects the recovery process of patients, resulting in prolonged hospital stay and increased care costs. Appropriate application of patient-controlled analgesia devices can effectively relieve perioperative acute pain. In 1994 patient-controlled analgesia began to be used in Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and the Acute Pain Service Working Group was established in 2004. With the cooperation of anesthesiologists and specialist nurses, the group jointly has implemented the whole process and standardized management based on patient-controlled analgesia, and constantly improved and innovated working methods, laying a solid foundation for the development of postoperative pain management. This paper systematically reviews and summarizes the work from the aspects of clinical focus, nursing management experience, promotion and dissemination of pain treatment concepts, and development of acute pain service model under the new situation, with the hope of providing valuable reference for comprehensively strengthening pain management in the process of diagnosis and treatment, and enhancing patients' satisfaction with perioperative analgesia services.

Objective To explore how to integrate the history of Peking Union Medical College (PUMC) into the teaching of diabetes in internal medicine, in order to develop an ideological and political theory-based course with PUMC characteristics. Methods The students in '4+4' medical doctor program of PUMC were enrolled into this study. Diabetes mellitus course combined with ideological and political theories course (including the history of insulin development, the life and contribution of Prof. WU Xian and Prof. LIN Kesheng, and the contributions of Prof. CHI Zhisheng, Prof. PAN Xiaoren and Prof. XIANG Hongding to the prevention and treatment of diabetes) was used for the teaching. Feedback (including the level of the political teaching knowledge before and after the course, the effectiveness of the political teaching by students after the course) was collected by questionnaire online, and statistical analysis was conducted. Results A total of 62 students (32 in grade 2020 and 30 in grade 2021) were included in the '4+4' pilot class of clinical medicine at PUMC. A total of 58 questionnaires were collected (30 in grade 2020 and 28 in grade 2021), with a rate of 93.5%(58/62). Before teaching, 55.2%~100% of the students had no knowledge of the course, and after teaching, all students had a general understanding, with the level of understanding significantly better than before (P < 0.001). According to the survey, 82.8% of the students thought that the course increased their interest in learning, 86.2% of the students were satisfied with the overall effect of the course, 89.7% thought that it allowed them to better understand the history of PUMC, 77.6% thought it deepened their understanding of the spirit of medical science, 82.8% thought it increased their understanding of the spirit of professional service to the country and patriotism, and 72.4% thought it increased their sense of social responsibility. Conclusions Integrating the history of PUMC into clinical medicine education is the unique advantage of PUMC medical education. It is conducive to students understanding of ideological and political theories, inculcation of correct values, method ology and humanistic qualities, and cultivation of the truth-seeking and pragmatic spirit of medical science.

Objective: To establish a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) method for the determination of lovastatin and lovastatin acid for the quality control of Hongqu Fuling tablets. Methods: Lovastatin as a control, the RP-HPLC method was used to establish the relationship between the correction factor of lovastatin and lovastatin acid, and to simultaneously quantify both lovastatin and lovastatin acid in the Hongqu Fuling tablets by QAMS. Results: The negative sample had no interference, the specificity of the sample detection method was good, the linear relationship between lovastatin and lovastatin acid was good within the corresponding linear range, R2>0.9999, the precision and repeatability RSD values were less than 3%, and the recovery was 98.43%～103.18%. The relative correction factor of lovastatin acid and lovastatin was 0.9000, and the repeatability was good. The average content of lovastatin acid was 0.3563 mg/g determined by QAMS, and the average content of lovastatin acid determined by external standard method was 0.3668 mg/g, and the average content of lovastatin was 1.1113 mg/g, which indicated that the constructed QAMS method could be used for the multi-component quality evaluation research of Hongqu Fuling Tablets. Conclusion: The QAMS method established in this study was stable, accurate and specific, and would provide a scientific basis for the quality control and in-depth development of Hongqu Fuling tablets.

Using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS), we separated and identified 148 non-volatile organic compounds including flavonoids, organic acids and amino acids in navel orange pulp in 37 min. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the pulp of navel oranges from four major production regions in southern Jiangxi Province, Ruijin, Xinfeng, Anyuan and Nankang were detected by headspace solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). In total, 97 VOCs were identified including esters, alcohols, aldehydes and terpenes. The results of this study provide detailed data for further research on chemical substances in the pulp of Gannan navel oranges.

Intelligence diagnosis has been widely studied in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but existing intelligent modeling methods cannot make full use of the multi-modal data feature information. As a result, the recognition accuracy is not high in the diagnosis of disease in the early stage. In order to improve the diagnosis effect of AD and its early stage, a classification method of Alzheimer's disease integrating individual feature and fusion feature is proposed. Firstly, the hypergraph convolutional network (HGCN) is used to extract features from the data of three modalities of MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), PET (positron emission computed tomography), and CSF (cerebro-spinal fluid) to obtain the high-order deep feature. At the same time, the data of these three modalities are fused through low-rank multimodal fusion to obtain hidden correlation features among multiple modalities. Finally, a multi-view classifier is used to comprehensively classify the above-obtained features. The ADNI dataset is used to classify AD in multiple groups of tasks to verify the proposed method. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method effectively improves the classification accuracy in the early stage of the disease while ensuring the classification effect of the AD stage.

Background and purpose: The interaction of CXC motif chemokine receptor (CXCR) on the cell surface of multiple myeloma (MM) with chemokines in the bone marrow microenvironment is involved in proliferation, survival and extramedullary invasion of MM cells. Sinomenine derivative YL064 exerts its biological effects by targeting intracellular signaling regulators in MM cells. This study aimed to explore possible modulating and biological effects of sinomenine derivative YL064 on CXCR3 in MM cells. Methods: The MM cell lines H929 and MM1.S were used as in vitro models. H929-OE and MM1.S-OE cells with stable overexpression of CXCR3 were constructed with lentivirus vector. The effects of CXCR3 on clonal formation and migration of MM cells were detected by clone spot formation and transwell migration assay. Meanwhile, flow cytometry was used to analyze apoptotic rates of H929, H929-OE, MM1.S and MM1.S-OE cells treated with different concentrations of YL064. Furthermore, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTFQ-PCR) and Western blot assay were applied to detect expression levels of CXCR3 and its downstream signal regulators extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) and p-protein kinase B (p-AKT) in H929 and MM1.S cells before and after the treatment with YL064. Results: The clonal formation rates of H929-OE and MM1.S-OE cells with CXCR3 overexpression reached to 81.33%±5.79% and 73.00%±4.90%, which were significantly higher compared with H929 (58.33%±3.30%) and MM1.S cells (41.00%±3.14%). The migration proportion of H929-OE and MM1.S-OE cells were 7.90%±0.81% and 23.00%±1.63%, which were significantly higher compared with H929 (4.63%±0.37%) and MM1.S cells (14.63%±1.04%). After treatment with YL064, the apoptotic rates of H929-OE and MM1.S-OE cells were 29.80%±0.30% and 14.20%±0.26%, which were lower than those of H929 (33.40%±0.25%) and MM1.S cells (21.60%±0.21%). It was also shown that YL064 could reduce clonal formation and migration, inhibit CXCR3 gene transcription and downregulate expressions of CXCR3, ERK and AKT in H929 and MM1.S cells. Conclusions: CXCR3 might promote proliferation and invasion of MM cells. Sinomenine derivative YL064 could downregulate expressions of CXCR3 and its downstream signal regulators in MM cells, reduce abilities of clonal formation and migration, and induce apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo establish a diagnostic prediction model for non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder， in order to provide references for early identification of NSSI behaviors in them.MethodsRetrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of adolescents with depressive disorder （n=366） who were admitted to the Pediatric Department of Shenzhen Kangning Hospital from January 1 to December 31， 2021. According to the Diagnostic criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） diagnostic criteria for NSSI， the patients were divided into comorbid NSSI group （n=289） and non-NSSI group （n=77）. The selected adolescents were randomly divided into a training set （n=258） and a verification set （n=108） in a 7∶3 ratio. Logistic regression analysis was used to screen the independent risk factors for NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder， which served as the basis for prediction model. Finally， the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was established and the area under curve （AUC） was calculated to evaluate the discrimination in the training set and validation set. Calibration curve was applied to evaluate the calibration degree of the model. The Homser-Lemeshow （HL） test was conducted to evaluate the goodness of fit of the model. And decision curve analysis （DCA） was performed to evaluate the clinical benefit of the model.ResultsGender （β=1.734， OR=5.561， 95% CI： 2.678~11.964）， education level （β=0.864， OR=2.737， 95% CI： 1.174~4.795）， history of suicide attempts （β=0.932， OR=2.539， 95% CI： 1.253~5.144）， being an only child （β=0.745， OR=2.106， 95% CI： 1.029~4.311） and depression severity （β=0.056， OR=1.058， 95% CI： 1.025~1.092） were independent risk factors related to NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder （P

In order to realize the resource utilization of peony stamens, the effects of peony stamen protein on the texture, dynamic rheological properties, disulfide bonds, surface microstructure and secondary structure of dough and gluten proteins were studied using soybean protein isolate (SPI) as a reference. The results showed that peony stamen protein could significantly improve the hardness, stickiness and chewiness of dough, and the effect of addition of less than 6% of peony stamen protein was more pronounced than that of SPI. Addition of peony stamen protein increased the storage and loss moduli and consequently the viscoelasticity of dough. The effect of peony stamen protein on the formation of gluten protein network structure was basically the same as that of SPI. Under scanning electron microscopy (SEM), gluten proteins added with 6% of peony stamen protein exhibited a compact network structure consisting of many deep pores. In the presence of peony stamen protein, the total proportion of the relative stable secondary structures of α-helix and β-sheet reached the maximum value of 59.32%, and the content of disulfide bonds increased by 89% compared with the blank group. In conclusion, peony stamen protein can effectively promote the formation of gluten protein network structure and improve the quality of dough, and therefore can be used in the production of flour products with high viscoelasticity requirements.

Objective·To survey the status quo of knowledge, attitude, belief and practice (KAP) of safe medication in the process of medication therapy management in dialysis patients, and analyze the related factors.Methods·This study was a cross-sectional study with the maintenance dialysis patients selected from the Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from March 2019 to March 2021. The KAP scale for safe medication in patients with chronic kidney disease verified by reliability and validity tests was used to evaluate the status quo of safe medication, and their medication list and clinical characteristics were also investigated. The occurrence of medication-related problems (MRPs) was evaluated according to the Strand classification system. The related factors of KAP level of safe medication in the dialysis patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multiple linear regression analysis.Results·A total of 187 maintenance dialysis patients were included, including 103 patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and 84 patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The mean age of them was (60.19±12.80) years, the mean dialysis duration was (44.31±36.90) months, and the mean numbers of comorbidities and medications were 6.37±2.17 and 7.48±2.66, respectively. In the dialysis patients, the mean score of KAP scale was (77.68±18.53) points. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice of safe medication were (24.96±8.92), (17.19±3.18), and (35.40±8.18) points, respectively. The univariate analysis results showed that there were significant differences of KAP scores for safe medication in the dialysis pattern, the educational level, the economic level and the occurrence of renal anemia in the maintenance dialysis patients (all P

In this paper, three kinds of rosin-based macroporous adsorption resins with carboxyl group (-COOH), ester group (-OR) and hydroxyl group (-OH) were synthesized. The adsorption characteristics of the three resins for Panax notoginseng saponins were investigated by static adsorption method. The results showed that the adsorption effect of the macroporous resin with -COOH as functional group was the best, the adsorption process accorded with the Langmuir model, and the adsorption kinetics was more consistent with the quasi-second order equation, the adsorption thermodynamic parameters ΔS was 159.46 J·mol−1·K−1, ΔH was 30.73 kJ·mol−1, indicating that the adsorption was a spontaneous endothermic process driven by entropy. When Panax notoginseng saponins were desorbed with 40% ethanol, the purity of Panax notoginseng saponins could be increased from 35.37% to 74.56%. The adsorption capacity of the resin was almost unchanged after being reused for 10 times. Through quantum chemical calculation, it was proved that the excellent performance of the macroporous adsorption resin with-COOH as functional group in the adsorption of Panax notoginseng saponins was mainly due to the role of hydrogen bond. The cytotoxicity test showed that the resin was safe and environmentally friendly, and the safety of the resin was better than that of the commercial resin D-101. Therefore, the prepared rosin-based macroporous resin with carboxyl groups was suitable for the separation and purification of Panax notoginseng saponins, and had certain application prospects.

In order to improve the safety and preservability of fermented vegetables, strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides AP7, with potent inhibitory effects on foodborne pathogens and bacteria causing paocai over-acidification, was selected from 8 Leuconostoc strains derived from traditional fermented vegetables in Yunnan, China. The main antimicrobial substance of AP7 was determined by eliminating the effects of organic acid and H2O2 and through protease sensitivity. The acid stability and thermal stability were analyzed and potential bacteriocin gene clusters were mined from the whole genome sequence of AP7. The results showed that the culture supernatant still had obvious antibacterial activity after excluding the influence of acid and H2O2, and after protease treatment, the antibacterial effect decreased significantly. It was speculated that the antibacterial substance in the concentrated culture supernatant was bacteriocin. The bacteriocin was sensitive to pH changes, had high thermal stability, and had a molecular weight of 6.51~14.4 kDa. Whole genome sequencing showed that the whole genome of AP7 contained 1 chromosome (1948310 bp) and 2 plasmids (37366 and 20698 bp), with a GC content of 37.7%. There was a gene cluster with Enterocin_X_chain_beta bacteriocin as the core. Its encoded product was predicted to be a positively charged hydrophilic stable protein, the secondary structure was dominated by a-helix, and the tertiary structure was mainly composed of loose peptide chains at both ends and an α-helix in the middle. In summary, the bacteriocin-producing Leuconostoc mesenteroides AP7 has excellent antibacterial properties and has the potential to be applied to the fermentation and preservation of acidic foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Upper Paleozoic strata in the Hangjinqi area of the Ordos Basin are an important field to increase reserves and productions for the North China Oil and Gas Branch, SINOPEC. It is necessary to conduct a re-evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential for the Upper Paleozoic coal-measure source rocks in time, which is favorable to provide theoretical support for further exploration and deployment. The organic geochemical and organic petrological approaches were carried out in this study and integrated with the physical simulation of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion from formation pore by thermal compression, numerical simulation of TSM basin resource evaluation and new exploration data, in order to systematically analyze and compare the sedimentary environment, quality and distribution of the Upper Paleozoic source rocks, and further to conduct the re-evaluation of hydrocarbon potential. The results indicated that the Upper Paleozoic source rocks of the south of the fault belts in the Hangjinqi area appeared to have characteristics of good quality, high evolution degree, and a great thickness, whereas those in the north part of the fault belts displayed the negative characteristics. As indicated by the physical and numerical simulation results, the Upper Paleozoic coal-measure source rocks in the Hangjinqi area displayed a total gas generation amount of 15.922×1012 m3. The gas generation intensity to the north of the fault belts was less than 1×109 m3/km2, whereas that to the south ranged (1.5-3.5)×109 m3/km2, which has provided a material basis for the generation of large and medium gas fields.

In order to further explore the shaping effect and wearing comfort of shaping clothing, three methods for evaluating the comfort of shaping clothing are summarized and analyzed, namely psychological evaluation, physiological evaluation, and physical evaluation. The advantages and limitations of various methods are summarized. And the influencing factors of the comfort of shaping clothing from three levels of human body shape, structure design and material performance are also analyzed. Finally, it is pointed out that in the future, based on the analysis of human body shape, structural optimization can be carried out according to different shaping requirements, and new technology can be applied to develop comfort surface accessories. Combined with qualitative and quantitative evaluation methods, the influence of local feeling on overall comfort can be analyzed, which can provide reference for the development of the comfort of shaping clothing.

ObjectiveTo investigate the dysfunction of spontaneous homecage behaviors in mice with spinal cord injury, including exploratory behaviors, voluntary movements, and self-care behaviors.MethodsEight-week female C57BL/6 mice (n = 10) were established into thoracic 10 contusion spinal cord injury models. Other mice (n = 11) were included in the sham group. From the first week to the fifth week after surgery, the mice were observed in homecages at 9 a.m. for 2 hours once a week. The HomeCageScan software was used to analyze the time percentages of 32 daily behaviors.ResultsCompared with the sham group, the spinal cord injury mice showed significant abnormalities in most aspects of daily behaviors, such as exploratory behaviors, voluntary movements, and self-care behaviors (P < 0.01). Some of these behaviors recovered over time after surgery. At 1⁃5 weeks after surgery, the spinal cord injury mice exhibited less exploratory behaviors than the sham mice, represented by rearing up and sniffing (P < 0.01), and showed recovery in the 4th week and the 3rd week (P < 0.05). The spinal cord injury mice also exhibited less voluntary movements (P < 0.05), represented by walking slowly and jumping, and showed recovery from the 2nd week and the 5th week, respectively (P < 0.05). The spinal cord injury mice exhibited more self-care behaviors than the sham mice (P < 0.01), represented by twitching and grooming, and showed no significant recovery over time.ConclusionBesides lower limb movement dysfunction, the spinal cord injury mice showed abnormalities in exploratory behaviors, voluntary movements, and self-care behaviors. From 1-5 weeks after injury, the exploratory behaviors and voluntary movements could show different degrees of recovery, while the self-care behaviors showed continuous abnormalities. The automated high-throughput behavior detection system accurately classified and comprehensively recognized dozens of behaviors, which could be used as a more comprehensive and sensitive evaluation index of spinal cord injury disorder.

The terahertz image produced by terahertz imaging system has the characteristics of single hue and sample, low resolution, sharpness, and contrast, and small amount of data. In order to solve these problems, more terahertz image data sets were generated through the DC-GAN network, and the ESRGAN network was used to accomplish terahertz image super-reconstruction and linear transform threshold processing, which makes the image details and texture features clearer, and filters out a lot of background noise to enhance the image contrast. At the same time, the non-maximum suppression algorithm in the network was improved for the situation where there are many overlapping detection targets (knives, mobile phones) in the terahertz security image. The Sigmoid weighting method was introduced to avoid the detection frame with a large overlap with the target being directly deleted. By reducing its confidence, the problem of missed detection due to target stacking in the terahertz security inspection image was solved. The experimental results verify that the improved Faster R-CNN network has higher accuracy for detecting suspicious objects in THz security image.

A comprehensive evaluation of the maturity of the source rocks in the Cretaceous Shahai and Jiufotang formations in the Zhangwu and Changtu fault depressions of the southern Songliao Basin was made using several indicators, including vitrinite reflectance, hydrocarbon conversion rate, OEP, sterane isomerization and hopanoid distribution. The dynamic evolution process of source rocks with burial depth was described. The hydrocarbon generation threshold is different between the southern and northern fault depressions, resulting in the various maturity stages of source rocks. The hydrocarbon generation threshold of source rocks in the Zhangwu Fault Depression in the south is about 1 000 m. Generally, the source rocks in the Shahai Formation are in the immature and low maturity stages. The source rocks in the upper Jiufotang Formation are in the low maturity stage, while those in the lower part are in the mature stage. The hydrocarbon generation threshold of source rocks in the Changtu Fault Depression in the north is about 1 800 m. Generally, the source rocks in the lower Shahai Formation and the Jiufotang Formation are in the low maturity and mature stages. The middle and lower parts of the Jiufotang Formation in the southern fault depressions developed effective source rocks. The Jiufotang Formation in the northern fault depressions developed effective source rocks, and the middle and lower parts of the Shahai Formation also contributed.

The shale, interlayers and adjacent carbonate rocks and siltstones in the second and fourth members of the Paleogene Funing Formation in the Subei Basin were studied using multi-temperature pyrolysis and NMR. The oil-bearing capacity of shale, interlayers and adjacent tight reservoirs in the Funing Formation and the movability of tight oil were evaluated in combination with with shale oil production data. In the second and fourth members of the Funing Formation, the content of tight oil is generally less than 5.0 mg/g in shale. Adsorption-miscible oil is dominant, and the ratio of which to total retained oil decreases with the increase of burial depth. Light free oil generally has a low content, and the actual movable oil ratio is less than 3%. However, the tight oil content is generally greater than 5 mg/g in mud shale interlayers and adjacent sandstones (oily), dominated by free oil. The light free oil content is generally more than 0.25 mg/g, and the actual movable oil ratio is generally between 4% and 7%, which is close to the 5% recovery ratio in the tight sandstone layers before reconstruction in the middle of Bakken Formation in North America. The movable tight oil mainly exists in fractures in the Funing Formation in the Subei Basin. That is, tectonic fractures are the main host of movable shale oil, and some micro pores (with ramp radius greater than 0.18 μm) work as secondary occurrence porosity. Free oil exceeds adsorbed oil. The initial production of tight oil is high in fissured lacustrine carbonates in the first and third members of the Funing Formation, but the production decreases rapidly with a short production cycle, and the economic recoverability is limited. In contrast, the initial production is lower in the tight interlayer sandstones of the source in the second and fourth members of the Funing Formation, which has a slower decline rate, longer production cycle and better economical recoverability.

A novel alkali-activated slag/ fly ash cementitious material was prepared by incorporating 0% ~ 25% (mass fraction) waste circuit board non-metallic powder (NMP). The properties of this new material were evaluated, including its mechanical strength, hydration heat release, phase composition, and pore size distribution. The microstructural features were also analyzed. The results indicate that the addition of NMP not only reduces the workability and cumulative heat release of cementitious material, but also slightly reduces its 7 and 28 d compressive strength. When the NMP content is less than 15% (mass fraction), the 28 d flexural strength of cementitious material is positively correlated with the NMP content due to the presence of glass fibers, resulting in a maximum increase of 55. 5%. Incorporating NMP reduces the proportion of pores with diameter between 100 nm and 1 000 nm, while improving the proportion of micropores with diameter below 100 nm, leading to an overall increase in total porosity. The resin particles in NMP are tightly bound to the cementitious material matrix, filling the voids between the fibers and the matrix. The addition of NMP does not affect the types of hydration products in the original cementitious material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ladder type disc acoustic radiator is widely used in high power ultrasonic field. The frequency equation of stepped thickness disk in free boundary condition are derived based on Mindlin theory from the acoustic point of application and The frequency equation was numerically solved,At the same time,the effects of geometric parameters on the frequency is analyzed. The results show that when the other parameters are constant,the frequency increases with the increase of the disk and the base ring thickness,and decreases with the diameter increases,increases with the increasing diameter. The test results of the calculated frequencies and finite element simulation and experiment is consistent with the basic. Design of bending vibration radiator the conclusion of the thick disc provides the theory reference and the frequency of debugging basis.

Unreasonable exploitation oi artificial forest causes severe soil erosion in the mountainous areas of sou¬thern China. The spatial-temporal variations of soil erosion in typical small watershed with artificial forest has signifi¬cant implications for artificial forest exploitation and sustainable development of mountainous ecological environ¬ment. In this study, we used revised universal soil loss equation ( RUSLE) and geographic information system ( GIS) to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of soil erosion and its key drivers of Dadingshan watershed in mountainous area of western Guangdong. The results showed that the erosion modulus was 1948.1 t ⋅ km-2 ⋅ a-1 (belonging to light erosion) in the Dadingshan watershed. However, the spatial variation of soil erosion was sub¬stantial, with variation coefficient of 5.12. The maximal soil erosion modulus was 191127 t ⋅ km-2 ⋅a-1. Slight ero¬sion (<500 t ⋅ km-2 ⋅ a-1 ) accounted for 80.6% of the total watershed area. The moderate erosion and above ( >2500 t ⋅ km-2 a-1) were mainly distributed in young Eucalyptus forest area with less than 30% of the vegeta¬tion coverage, which contributed nearly 75.7% of total soil erosion. During 2014-2019, the interannual variations of mean erosion of Dadingshan catchment was modest, but the spatial variation of soil erosion was large. Vegetation cover, slope, and rainfall were key drivers of such variation. The destruction of natural vegetation resulted by plan¬tation exploitation was the primary cause of soil erosion in afforestation areas. Soil erosion significantly increased with the increases of slope gradient in the young forest area, which was aggravated by extreme rainfall. However, soil erosion gradually decreased with the increases of the age of Eucalypt plantation. Therefore, the hot spot of soil erosion was young forest areas of Eucalypt plantation with slope >25°, and the key period for soil erosion control was the first 2-3 years after Eucalyptus planting. We suggested that reasonable afforestation measures should be used in area with >25° slopes, and that the destruction of natural vegetation should be avoided on hillslope with >35° slope gradient. The road construction standards and forest management should be further improved to address the challenge of extreme rainfalls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective·To analyze the outcomes of treatment-free remission (TFR) after imatinib discontinuation in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) who meet the criteria for TFR and are willing to monitor the disease regularly, the prognostic factors and the application of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) technique in monitoring TFR. Methods·The patients with CML-CP enrolled in this study were monitored regularly after imatinib discontinuation. Molecular response and relapse were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) for detection of BCR-ABL transcripts. The lymphocytes subsets pre- and post-imatinib discontinuation were evaluated by flow cytometry. ddPCR was used to detect BCR-ABL and the predictive role in TFR was analyzed. Results· 1 Forty-two CML-CP patients who met the criteria for TFR were assessed. With median follow-up time 41(5-93) months, 32 (76.2%) patients maintained TFR.The estimated TFR rate by 12, 24 and 48 months were 85.1%, 75.1% and 70.1%, respectively. Median TFR duration was 41 (2-93) months. The most common adverse event post-discontinuation was musculoskeletal pain of grade I - II (31.0%). Eight patients achieved deep molecular response (DMR) after restart of imatinib. 2 58.3% of patients with continuous positive ddPCR developed molecular relapse after imatinib discontinuation, while none relapsed in those with negative detection (P<0.01). 3 The percentage of CD8+CD28- cells prediscontinuation was lower, while the percentage of CD4+CD25+ cells post-discontinuation was higher in relapsed patients than that in TFR patients (6.2% vs 12.6%, P=0.026; 3.2% vs 2.1%, P=0.021). Conclusion·CML-CP patients who meet the criteria of TFR may successfully maintain TFR after TKI discontinuation. ddPCR may help to predict the outcome of TFR and detect the molecular relapse earlier. Immune regulation by different T cell subsets may play a role in TFR duration to prevent relapse of disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective : To explore differently expressed deubiquitinases in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with internal tandem duplications of the FLT3 (FLT3-ITD) gene mutation. Methods·The expressions of some deubiquitinases were detected by Western blotting after transforming exogenous FLT3-ITD or the use of FLT3-ITD inhibitor. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) public database was used to analyze the expression of UCHL3 in FLT3-ITD-positive patients and its correlation with the prognosis of AML patients. Certain deubiquitinase was knocked down by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) in AML cell lines. Cell counting, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and wright stain were used to detect the effect of certain deubiquitinase on the function of AML cells and the combined effect of knockdown of corresponding deubiquitinase or using its inhibitor with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Results· Expression of FLT3-ITD in Ba/F3 cells significantly induced the protein expression of UCHL3, while inhibition of FLT3-ITD activity in MOLM-13 and MV4-11 cell lines significantly inhibited the expression of UCHL3 in a time- and concentrationdependent manner. TCGA database analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of FLT3 and the expression of UCHL3 in AML (P=0.000), and a significant negative correlation between the expression of UCHL3 and the survival rate of AML patients (P=0.016). UCHL3 knockdown inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of MOLM-13 and MV4-11 cells, and the expression of differentiation-related transcription factors PU. 1 and C/EBPβ were significantly increased. Knockdown of UCHL3 significantly enhanced the apoptosis of MOLM-13 and MV4-11 cells induced by 100 nmol/L ATRA, and the apoptosis-related caspase proteins PARP1, caspase 9 and caspase 3 were significantly cleaved. Meanwhile, UCHL3 knockdown cells showed more features of small nuclear volume, nuclear depression, and rod-shaped or irregular cells after ATRA treatment. The dose-response curves of ATRA and TCID detected by CCK-8 assay showed that UCHL3 inhibitor TCID and ATRA synergistic inhibited FLT3-ITD-positive AML cells survival. Conclusion : FLT3-ITD up-regulates UCHL3 expression and promotes the survival of AML cells. UCHL3 is negatively correlated with the prognosis of AML patients. Knockdown or inhibition of UCHL3 combines with ATRA to inhibit the survival of FLT3-ITD-positive AML cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ternary cementitious materials of fly ash, cement, and silica fume, mixed with PVA fiber, modified PP fiber and calcium carbonate whisker as the fiber toughening medium, were used to prepare the fly ash-based fiber-reinforced composites, and the effects of the mixing process. including the feeding order and mixing time, on the fluidity and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. Compared with "wet mix+fiber after mixing". "dry mix+fiber first mixing" is more conducive to the uniform dispersion of cementitious material powders and fibers, and the low resistance during the mixing and high fluidity of the matrix is realized, then the early flexural strength (7d) improved by up to 28.5%. Sufficient dry mixing time provides a good dispersion environment for the composite matrix, which can significantly improve the early flexural strength of the fly ash-based fiber - reinforced materials, but excessive mixing time will weaken the fiber in the matrix, in terms of the dense filling effect and bridging effect, resulting in the reduction of the early flexural strength of the specimens. The best mixing time is 5min of dry mixing, 5min of wet mixing, and finally 6min of full mixing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Boron carbide (B4C) has excellent high-temperature oxidation resistance, high hardness, low density, high melting point and excellent abrasive resistance, which is widely used in fields such as refractories, wear-resistant materials and lightweight protective materials. The research progress and the application of B4C materials in China and at abroad in recent years were summarized. The influences of sintering processes (pressureless sintering, hot pressing sintering, hot isostatic pressing sintering, spark plasma sintering and microwave sintering) and sintering additives (simple substances, oxides and carbides) on the B4C densification were analyzed. The development of B4C materials was prospected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, Material Genome Initiative (MGI) has become a global hot spot. The lack of data sources and irregular data storage methods have led to a lack of structured data that can be used for machine learning model training in the materials field, which has become a bottleneck for researchers in predicting material performance. With the continuous development of materials science, a large amount of information contained in the materials field text has become the focus of attention for researchers, and has become the main data sources for materials field personnel to apply machine learning. How to obtain a large amount of effective materials data is a new challenge at this stage. This article uses natural language processing technology to obtain valid data from the aluminum-silicon alloy materials literature. Named entity recognition is an important subtask in natural language processing, which aims to identify entities with meaning in text. In this paper, five types of entities are selected from the material science literature, and an aluminum-silicon alloy material entity recognition data set is constructed by hand annotation, which includes 5 347 sentences and 2 835 entities. In order to reduce the dependence of natural language processing tasks on annotation expectations, transfer learning is used to pre-train the language model and apply it to specific domain tasks. Combining entity characteristics, joint modeling is carried out based on ALBERT (A lite BERT) pre-training language model and conditional random fields (CRF), and the pre-training model is applied to alloy material entity recognition based on active learning. Based on a small number of labeled training set samples, combined with active learning, the F1 value, accuracy rate, and recall rate of the model are increased by 0.61%, 2.68%, and 0.29%, respectively. Experiments prove that combining pre-training and active learning can further reduce the dependence of entity recognition task models on labeled data and the cost of manual labeling. The research results of this paper can solve the problem of material data islands and improve the problem of material genome machine learning, which has been in the dilemma of small-scale data sets. It will promote the development of aluminum-silicon alloys and provide a scientific basis for the design of new materials for material genomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

随着水利旅游的不断发展,各地建立了许多水利旅游区,但由于缺乏科学的布局理论,大多数水利旅游规划仅限于功能分区的划分与提出一些环境防治措施,而对区内景点的合理布局以及点和点的有机联系则很少提及,从而使水利旅游区在结构上显得并不严谨,以致在实际应用中出现诸多问题.针对这种情况,我们从水利设施各种不同功能出发,将浙江省的水利设施按功能类型分为供水型、防洪型、发电型和综合利用型4类,归结了水利旅游区布局的三区结构、环状结构、核式环结构和带状结构4种基本形式,提出不同功能类型水利设施的不同布局形式并得到实践的检验,探讨不同水利功能的水利旅游区的最佳布局形式.

Morchella mushrooms are edible and medicinal mushrooms appreciated worldwide. Since 2012, the scale of morel artificial cultivation has been increasing year after year in China. However, the instability of morel cultivation has been frustrating morel farming. The industrial instability may be closely related to the imperfection of strain evaluation system of cultivating suitability and the resulted implication of poor quality and unstable spawns in practical cultivation. Compared with most mushrooms belonging to Basidiomycota, the ascomycetes of morels own special characteristics in species diversity, deletion of mating type genes, and rapid strain aging, which put forward special request for systematic detection of relevant characteristics in cultivated strains. Based on long-term fundamental research and practical experiences, an IMV evaluation system of cultivating suitability for productive strains of Morchella mushrooms, including identity recognition, detection of mating types and assay of vitality, was proposed in this paper. The technological necessity and the detailed procedure were sorted out. Given the application of the evaluation system in field cultivation in two seasons, the potential morel productive strains may be scientifically and systematically screened and assessed to confirm the use of suitable strains in cultivation, which will strengthen the stability of morel cultivation, and thus promote the sustainable and stable development of morel industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid flow shop scheduling problems (HFSP), one of popular research topics in the field of shop scheduling, several alternative parallel machines in all or part of stages of the flow-shop were introduced, and production capacity and flexibility of the shop were improved. Hybrid flow-shop scheduling methods were reviewed according to the number of stages and machine characteristics herein. Related extension problems in background of practical engineering were systematically summarized, and the existing problems and possible solutions were pointed out. Combined with development trend of operations research, application prospect of HFSP in emerging fields was discussed. Finally, some possible research directions in future were pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parkinson's disease (PD), with decreased dopamine in the striatum as one of the major lesions, may be accompanied by retinopathy. By analyzing and comparing the gene expression patterns in the mouse striatum and retina at the transcriptome level, the potential molecular basis of PD-related retinopathy was explored. From normal adult C57BL/6 mice striatum and retinaribonucleic acid, library was constructed using ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) depletion, and sequenced on the Illumina Hiseq 4000 platform. After bioinformatic analysis of sequencing data, the expression profiles of the striatum and retina were compared, and differentially expressed genes were identified, followed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto encyclopedia of gene and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis. Andgene networks were constructed from the differentially expressed genes. Results showed that a total of 2 478 genes had significantly different expressions, among which 1 579 and 899 genes were highly expressed in the striatum and retina respectively. GO and KEGG analysis showed that genes highly expressed in the striatum were mainly enriched in signal transduction and membrane transport, while those highly expressed in the retina were associated with transcription and phototransduction. 11 genes in the PD pathway among the highly expressed genes in the striatum, showed significantly lower expression in the retina, while most of the other genes in the pathway had similar expression patterns between the two tissues. Our studythus demonstrated the similarities and differences in gene expression profiles between the mouse striatum and retina, and provided useful evidence tobetter understand the molecular basis of retinopathy in PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-luminescent cement based functional materials were prepared by using long afterglow luminescent materials of rare earth and white Portland cement as main raw materials, which can absorb light during the day and luminous at night. The effects of different amount of luminescent powder and reflective powder on the luminescent and mechanical properties of self-luminescent cement-based cementing materials were studied by means of tests. The microscopic morphology, phase composition and mechanism were analyzed by means of SEM, XRD and PL spectra. The results showed that with the increase of the amount of luminescent powder and reflective powder, the initial luminance and the afterglow time of the specimen increased correspondingly, and compared to the control group, which increased by 4.7%-45.79%, 14.63%-59.09%, respectively. The luminous brightness for 8 h was kept at 0.02-0.2 cd/m². The addition of luminescent powder and reflective powder could improve the flexural strength and compressive strength of the cement-based material, while the strength of the specimen decreased gradually with the increase of the content of luminescent powder and reflective powder. The addition of luminescent powder and reflective powder could not only react with cement hydration product to produce a large number of hexagonal plates CH and cluster AFm crystal, but also promote the hydration reaction of the unhydrated cement particles. Moreover, owing to its smaller particle size, it could fill the tiny pores among hydration products, thereby improving microscopic distribution of the hardened cement matrix and enhancing strength to a certain extent. The hydration product of cement absorbed short wave ultraviolet light, thus reducing the excitation wavelength range and intensity of the specimen. The emission spectrum was yellowish green with a peak value of 520 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the association among the management of diet and sport, glucose metabolism, bone metabolism, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis (OP). Methods A total of 562 postmenopausal women with T2DM and OP were selected and divided into two groups; the manage group (n = 278), and the control group (n = 284). Subjects in the 2 groups were given strict management and general management, respectively. All the patients took oral medication of glucose-lowering drugs with 600mg/d Caltrate D and 0. 25 ug/d calcitriol, simultaneously. At the beginning, the 24th week, and the 48th week of the treatment, the glucose metabolism indexes such as glycosylated hemoglobin Ale (HbAlc) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the bone metabolism indexes such as vitamin D3 (VitD3), bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), tartrateresistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRAP-5b), and serum osteocalcin (OC) were detected. BMD of different parts were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, in order to explore the changes of each index after strict management. Results At the 24th week, HbAlC in the manage group decreased significantly compared to that in the control group, while at the 48' week, the result was even more significant. HbAlC in the manage group was 8. 16 ± 1. 50%, 7. 10 ± 1. 60%, and 6. 01 ± 1. 59% at the 0, the 24th, and the 48th week, respectively; and HbAlC in the control group was 8. 46 ± 1. 65%, 8. 16 ± 1. 03%, and 8. 21 ± 1. 02%, respectively. The decrease of HbAlC was observed in both manage group and control group, and was much more obvious in the manage group, and the difference between groups was significant (P < 0. 01). Meanwhile TRAP-5b in the manage group decreased obviously compared to that in the control group, while BALP, VitD3, and OC increased significantly (P < 0. 01). After 24th week treatment, BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and the femoral neck in the manage group increased gradually, while in the control group BMD showed a decreasing tendency. At the 48th week, BMD in 2 groups showed significant difference (P < 0. 01). Conclusion According to the specific condition in T2DM patients with OP, on the basis of original drug treatment, the management of strict diet control and appropriate individual exercise can effectively control the blood sugar, reduce bone loss, and increase BMD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]