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Background: Acetaminophen (APAP) is commonly used as an antipyretic and analgesic agent. Excessive APAP can induce liver toxicity, known as APAP-induced liver injury (ALI). The metabolism and pathogenesis of APAP have been extensively studied in recent years, and many cellular processes such as autophagy, mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and liver regeneration have been identified to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) as a scaffold protein has also been shown to be involved in the development of various diseases, especially liver disease and tumorigenesis. The role of CAV-1 in the development of liver disease and the association between them remains a challenging and uncharted territory. Summary: In this review, we briefly explore the potential therapeutic effects of CAV-1 on ALI through autophagy, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism. Further research to better understand the mechanisms by which CAV-1 regulates liver injury will not only enhance our understanding of this important cellular process, but also help develop new therapies for human disease by targeting CAV-1 targets. Key Messages: This review briefly summarizes the potential protective mechanisms of CAV-1 against liver injury caused by APAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new functional ceramic material Y 2-x Zr x Mo 3-x P x O 12 was prepared by solid sintering method in the study. In order to further decrease the phase transition temperature of Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 and improve its water absorption, a new low-expansion material of Y 2-x Zr x Mo 3-x P x O 12 was prepared by replacing Y3+/Mo6+ ions in Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 with Zr4+/P5+ ions. The hygroscopicity and thermal expansion of the material were further analyzed. Y 2-x Zr x Mo 3-x P x O 12 (0.4 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) was an orthomorphic phase with space group Pbcn at room temperature and little crystal water existed in the lattice. With the increase in doped ions, the hygroscopicity of Y 2 Mo 3 O 12 was weakened significantly. When the substitution content reached x = 0.4, Y 1.6 Zr 0.4 Mo 2.6 P 0.4 O 12 realized the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 1.82 × 10−6 K−1 in the temperature range from 300 K to 700 K and showed the nearly non-hygroscopicity and low thermal expansion (LTE) at room temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper a time-explicit weak Galerkin finite element method is introduced and analyzed for parabolic equations. The main idea relies on the inclusion of a stabilization term in the temporal direction in addition to the usual static stabilization in the weak Galerkin framework. Both semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes in time are presented, as well as their stability and error analysis. Numerical results are reported for this new explicit weak Galerkin finite element method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first-principles was employed to calculate the adsorption of Cs on (2 × 2) Al(Mg)0.5Ga0.5N and Al0.5 Ga(Mg)0.5N surfaces using density-functional theory within a plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential scheme. Then, the surface morphology, stability, work functions and Cs adsorptions of Al(Mg)0.5Ga0.5N and Al0.5 Ga(Mg)0.5N surfaces were investigated. The results reveal that Al(Mg)0.5Ga0.5N surface with Mg in the first layer was more suitable for ultraviolet cathode. The most stable adsorption site for adsorption of Cs on the Al(Mg)0.5Ga0.5N surface was found on N top. With the increase of Cs coverage, the interaction between Cs and atoms in the first layer of surface and that between Cs and Cs was enhanced, the surface dipole moment increased, the work function decreased, the carrier concentration and the absorption in visible light increased. When Cs coverage was greater than 0.5ML, the adsorption of Cs reached saturation, the deformation of surface structure appeared, the adsorption in visible light was greater than that in UV, and the surface was no longer suitable for UV detection. The results show that 0.5ML is the turning point of Cs coverage for the surface doped with Mg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a particular weak Galerkin (WG) element on rectangular/cuboid partitions that uses k$$ k $$th order polynomial for weak finite element functions and (k+1)$$ \left(k+1\right) $$th order polynomials for weak derivatives. This WG element is highly accurate with convergence two orders higher than the optimal order in an energy norm and the L2$$ {L}^2 $$ norm. The superconvergence is verified analytically and numerically. Furthermore, the usual stabilizer in the standard weak Galerkin formulation is no longer needed for this element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a |$P_0$| finite element method for boundary value problems for linear elasticity equations. The new method makes use of piecewise constant approximating functions on the boundary of each polytopal element and is devised by simplifying and modifying the weak Galerkin finite element method based on |$P_1/P_0$| approximations for the displacement. This new scheme includes a tangential stability term on top of the simplified weak Galerkin to ensure the necessary stability due to the rigid motion. The new method involves a small number of unknowns on each element, it is user friendly in computer implementation and the element stiffness matrix can be easily computed for general polytopal elements. The numerical method is of second-order accurate, locking-free in the nearly incompressible limit, and ease polytopal partitions in practical computation. Error estimates in |$H^1$|⁠ , |$L^2$| and some negative norms are established for the corresponding numerical displacement. Numerical results are reported for several two-dimensional and three-dimensional test problems, including the classical benchmark Cook's membrane problem in two dimensions as well as some three-dimensional problems involving shear-loaded phenomena. The numerical results show clearly the simplicity, stability, accuracy and efficiency of the new method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Ionic liquids were efficient in extracting lycopene from guava. • [C 4 mim]+Cl− increased the extraction compared to organic solvents. • Extraction of lycopene from guava was modeled using (RSM) and (ANN). • ANN-GA showed better precision than RSM for the UAE method of lycopene from guava. Lycopene-rich guava (Psidium guajava L.) exhibits significant economic potential as a functional food ingredient, making it highly valuable for the pharmaceutical and agro-food industries. However, there is a need to enhance the extraction methods of lycopene to fully exploit its beneficial uses. In this study, we evaluated various ionic liquids to identify the most effective one for extracting lycopene from guava. Among thirteen ionic liquids with varying carbon chains or anions, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride demonstrated the highest productivity. Subsequently, a single-factor experiment was employed to test the impact of several parameters on the efficiency of lycopene extraction using this selected ionic liquid. These parameters included extraction time, ultrasonic power, liquid-solid ratio, concentration of the ionic liquid, as well as material particle size. Moreover, models of artificial neural networks using genetic algorithms (ANN-GA) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to comprehensively assess the first four key parameters. The optimized conditions for ionic liquid ultrasound-assisted extraction (IL-UAE) were determined as follows: 33 min of extraction time, 225 W of ultrasonic power, 22 mL/g of liquid-solid ratio, 3.0 mol/L of IL concentration, and extraction cycles of three. Under these conditions, lycopene production reached an impressive yield of 9.35 ± 0.36 mg/g while offering advantages such as high efficiency, time savings, preservation benefits, and most importantly environmental friendliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Design strategies for probes based on cascade reaction for a single analyte have been dissected. • The probes involving two or multiple targets in cascade reaction have been stated. • Biomedical applications and prospects of cascade reactions in fluorescent probe design have been summarized. The use of fluorescent probes to detect bioactive substrates provides an attractive strategy for understanding physiological and pathological processes. Among them, many fluorescent probes have been used to detect one or more targets using a cascade reaction strategy. These involved cascade reactions often lead to different cascades mechanism due to different detection substances. Moreover, the use of different cascade reactions gives the probe many benefits including: accurate detection of life processes, detection of multiple substances, and differentiation of different substances and etc. Therefore, in this review, we summarize design strategies for probes based on cascade reaction and classify these probes according to different targets. We hope that the summary of these probes based on cascade reaction will help to develop more excellent fluorescent probes and expand the application of probes in the biomedical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem that the traditional feature extraction methods rely on manual design, the research method is changed from the traditional method to the deep learning method based on convolutional neural networks. The experimental results show that the larger average DTW occurs near the 55th calculation, that is, about the 275th frame of the video. In the 55th calculation, the joint angle with the largest DTW distance is the right knee joint. A multiscene action similarity analysis algorithm based on human joint points has been realized. In the fitness scene, by analyzing the joint angle through cosine similarity, the time of fitness key posture in the action sequence can be recognized. In the sports scene, through the similarity analysis of joint angle sequences by the DTW algorithm, we can get the similarity between people's actions in the sports video and the joint positions with large differences in some time intervals, and the real validity of the experiment is verified. The accuracy of motion recognition before and after the improvement is 95.2% and 97.1%, which is 0.19% higher than that before the improvement. The methods and results are widely used in the fields of sports recognition, movement specification, sports training, health management, and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Semi-arid rivers are particularly vulnerable and responsive to the impacts of industrial contamination. Prompt identification and projection of pollutant dynamics are crucial in the accidental pollution incidents, therefore required the timely informed and effective management strategies. In this study, we collected water quality monitoring data from a typical semi-arid river. By water quality inter-correlation mapping, we identified the regularity and abnormal fluctuations of pollutant discharges. Combining the association rule method (Apriori) and characterized pollutants of different industries, we tracked major industrial pollution sources in the Dahei River Basin. Meanwhile, we deployed the integrated multivariate long and short-term memory network (LSTM) to forecast principal contaminants. Our findings revealed that (1) biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and ammonia nitrogen exhibited high inter-correlations in water quality mapping, with lead and cadmium also demonstrating a strong association; (2) The main point sources of contaminant were coking, metal mining, and smelting industries. The government should strengthen the regulation and control of these industries and prevent further pollution of the river; (3) We confirmed 4 key pollutants: COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. Our study accurately predicted the future changes in this water quality index. The best results were obtained when the prediction period was 1 day. The prediction accuracies reached 85.85%, 47.15%, 85.66%, and 89.07%, respectively. In essence, this research developed effective water quality traceability and predictive analysis methods in semi-arid river basins. It provided an effective tool for water quality surveillance in semi-arid river basins and imparts a scientific scaffold for the environmental stewardship endeavors of pertinent authorities. [Display omitted] • The internal relationship between the different water quality indicators was analyzed. • The main pollution industries in the research area are identified as coking, metal mining, smelting and other industries. • A set of machine learning models was developed to accurately predict future changes in key pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • 163 FLUXNET sites were used to analyze spatital and temporal fluctuations of α in different vegetation types. • Influences mechanism of biotic and abiotic factors on α were thoroughly analyzed. • Generated a Random Forest model which can calculated global α with easy available input data. The Priestley-Taylor equation (PT) is a key method for estimating regional evapotranspiration (ET) calculation, with the precision of its parameter (α) being crucial for accurate ET calculations across diverse plant functional types (PFTs). In this study, we explored the temporal and spatial variability of α and its biotic and abiotic drivers leveraging observations from 163 global flux sites spanning diverse PFTs. The results showed that the mean annual α was 0.86 across all sites, with high α values predominantly located in humid regions and diminished values in arid locales. In terms of seasonality, the α showed similar fluctuation patterns in the Northern or Southern Hemispheres with lower values in local summer and higher ones in spring and autumn. The spatial variations in α were mainly caused by climatic factors while the temporal variations were mainly driven by seasonal vegetation change. Among all factors, vapor pressure deficit, air temperature, precipitation and shortwave radiation were significantly correlated with α. Among vegetation types, deciduous needleleaf forests had the highest α (1.1), and open shrublands had the lowest α (0.5). Leaf Area Index (LAI) and canopy height significantly affected α in forest site, with varying mechanisms across vegetation types. Combining the observed α and global meteorological datasets, we employed a machine learning (random forest) model to establish global α dataset. The results enhanced the understanding of the biological and environmental controls of land surface energy flux, aiding in ET prediction across multiple spatiotemporal scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate VEGF and Ang-2 level changes in the systemic circulation after laser photocoagulation in premature infants with ROP. Methods: Eleven infants (4 girls and 7 boys) had serum levels determined for VEGF and Ang-2, collected 1 day prior to and 7 days after ROP laser therapy. Serum levels of VEGF and Ang-2 were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: Serum VEGF levels were significantly lower at 7 days after laser therapy compared to that at 1 day prior to laser therapy (p = 0.045). Serum Ang-2 levels increased significantly at 7 days after laser therapy compared with that at 1 day prior to laser therapy (p = 0.046). Conclusions: Serum VEGF levels in patients with ROP were suppressed and Ang-2 levels elevated significantly after laser therapy. The results suggest that changes in VEGF and Ang-2 serum levels may reflect regression and treatment of ROP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a vascular disease with significant risk of mortality due to ischemia or hemorrhage in the brain. The goal of the study was to explore three-dimensional arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) to improve evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with MMD. Methods: Our study included 54 cases of ischemic MMD and 42 cases of hemorrhagic MMD. Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced perfusion-weighted imaging (DSC-PWI) and 3D-ASL were performed at 3.0 T. Based on these scans, cerebral blood flow (CBF), mean transit time (MTT), and time to peak (TTP) were calculated and compared between patients with different disease subtypes. Receiver operating characteristics analysis was used to assess the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of different imaging procedures and parameters. Results: Our data suggested that CBF in the lesion area was more severely reduced in patients with hemorrhagic MMD than in those with ischemic MMD. The CBF parameter in 3D-ASL diagnosed hemorrhagic and ischemic MMD with a significant sensitivity and specificity of 80.59% and 57.41%, respectively, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.75. We also found that the relative CBF of 3D-ASL was more pronounced decreased and the relative MTT and TTP of DSC-PWI were significantly increased in patients with hemorrhagic MMD than those with ischemic MMD. Specificity and sensitivity and AUC of 3D-ASL were better than the comparison of absolute values from DSC-PWI scans. Conclusion: Our study indicated that 3D-ASL is powerful in differentiating patients with cerebral ischemic or hemorrhagic MMD, providing another diagnostic tool that could potentially improve precision medicine to monitoring MMD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The co-adsorption of Cs, O atoms on p-type Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 N (0001) surface was calculated. • The surface with Cs at H 3 site under the adsorption of 2Cs2O1Cs is the most ideal photocathode surface. • The adsorbed atoms form a Cs-O-Cs-O-Cs structure forming three-staged dipole moments formed by surface → Cs-O → Cs-O → Cs. In the study, the co-adsorption of Cs and O atoms on p-type Al 0.5 Ga 0.5 N (0001) surface was firstly calculated. The adsorption became unstable and the surface structure was deformed when the adsorption of Cs was at 0.75 monolayer coverage. The adsorption stability and surface structure were improved after oxygen adsorption on Cs-covered surface. In the stage of Cs and O co-adsorption, after the adsorption of 2Cs2O, two O atoms form dioxygen. After the adsorption of 3Cs2O, two O atoms were independent from each other. One O atom was in the outermost layer and the dipole moment pointing to the outside of the surface was formed and thus hindered the escape of photoelectron. In Cs and O co-adsorption, after Cs was further adsorbed, the adsorbed atoms of 2Cs2O1Cs and surface atoms formed the three-staged dipole moment. Both the largest dipole moment and the smallest work function were achieved for the surface. The negative electron affinity was realized due to the downward shift of the conduction band and the upward shift of the valence band. The surface adsorption peak at 177.16 nm met the requirements for ultraviolet detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the study, a novel Zr x Al 2-x Mo 3-x V x O 12 material was prepared by the traditional solid synthesis method and showed the low thermal expansion in a large temperature range. Zr x Al 2-x Mo 3-x V x O 12 had the strong broad-band luminescence characteristics almost in the whole visible region. The coefficient of thermal expansion, phase transition, and anisotropy of Zr x Al 2-x Mo 3-x V x O 12 were explored with Raman spectrometer, dilatometer and X-ray diffractometer. The results showed that when x was less than 0.5, the solid solution existed in the form of single phase Zr x Al 2-x Mo 3-x V x O 12. When doping ions were further increased, ZrMo 2 O 8 and Al 2 Mo 3 O 12 were formed. The monoclinic-to-orthorhombic phase transition temperature of Zr x Al 2-x Mo 3-x V x O 12 could be well tailored by changing the contents of Zr4+ and V5+. The samples were crystallized in a monoclinic structure group of P2 1 /a (No. 14) when x ≤ 0.5 at room temperature. Doping Zr4+ and V5+ ions endowed the material with the better LTE property and the strong broad-band luminescence almost in the whole visible region. Its low expansion and light properties in a wide temperature range suggested its potential applications in LED and other optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work demonstrates rapid sensing of kaempferol using active sensing material synthesized using the one-pot surface-imprinting synthesis method. This sensor consisted of molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) consisting of mesoporous molecular sieves (SBA-15) loaded with carbon dots (CDs). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed successful incorporation of CDs onto the surface of imprinted mesoporous molecular sieves. Ordered hexagonal arrays of CDs@SBA-15@MIP mesopore structure were confirmed with transmission electron microscopy. Fluorescence intensity of CDs@SBA-15@MIP composites linearly correlated with kaempferol content in the 0.05–2 mg/L range. Detection limit was 14 μg/L. MIPs were used for efficient detection of kaempferol in fruit and vegetable samples with recovery values from 80% to 112%. The method has high sensitivity, low cost, good selectivity, and many application potentials useful for research and development of flavonoid monomer presence in food. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A common variant (rs53576, G/A) in the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene is associated with individual differences in social behavior and may increase the risk for neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by social impairment, especially autism. Although recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have identified functional connectivity alteration in some brain regions in risk A allele carriers, it is currently unknown whether this dysfunctional connectivity causes disruption of the topological properties of brain functional networks. We applied a graph-theoretical analysis to investigate the topological properties of brain networks derived from resting-state fMRI in relation to AA homozygotes versus G allele carriers in 290 cognitive normal young adults. We found both AA homozygotes and G allele carriers demonstrated small-world properties; however, male AA homozygotes showed lower normalized clustering coefficient, small-worldness, and local efficiency compared with male G allele carriers, no differences survived after Bonferroni correction; and the inter-group differences of all three metrics exhibited an allele-load-dependent trend (AA < AG < GG), indicating a randomization shift of their brain functional networks. No significant results were observed in any global measures in female AA homozygotes as compared to female G allele carriers. Our results suggested that the topological patterns of brain functional networks were altered in OXTR rs53576 male homozygotes for the risk A allele compared with male G allele carriers, providing evidence for the disruption of integrity in large-scale intrinsic brain networks in a sex-dimorphic manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article establishes a discrete maximum principle (DMP) for the approximate solution of convection–diffusion–reaction problems obtained from the weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method on nonuniform rectangular partitions. The DMP analysis is based on a simplified formulation of the WG involving only the approximating functions defined on the boundary of each element. The simplified weak Galerkin (SWG) method has a reduced computational complexity over the usual WG, and indeed provides a discretization scheme different from the WG when the reaction terms are present. An application of the SWG on uniform rectangular partitions yields some 5‐ and 7‐point finite difference schemes for the second order elliptic equation. Numerical experiments are presented to verify the DMP and the accuracy of the scheme, particularly the finite difference scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel fluorescent "turn-on" aptasensor was developed for sensitive and rapid detection of tetracycline (TC) in animal-derived food. It is based on aptamer-functionalized nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs-aptamer) coupled with cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanoflakes. The CoOOH nanoflakes are efficient fluorescence quenchers in homogeneous solutions, and this is due to their advantages of excellent optical properties, superior flexibility, and water dispersibility. The proposed method's mechanism is driven by quenching based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between the donor (N-GQDs) and the acceptor (CoOOH nanoflakes). On the other hand, fluorescence recovery is caused by the structure switching behavior of the aptamer. Compared with previous methods, our developed method exhibits better behavior in terms of being easy to fabricate and being simple in detection procedure and maintains the detection limit low enough in TC determination: a linear range from 1 to 100 ng mL−1 and a detection limit of 0.95 ng mL−1 (S/N = 3). Furthermore, the proposed method was applied to five animal-derived food samples (milk, honey, fish, eggs, and chicken muscle) and demonstrated practical applicability. As well, the method has the advantages of simplicity in pre-treatment and convenience in instruments, saves times, and is cost-effective. Finally, the proposed method demonstrates significant potential for sensitive and rapid detection of specific components in real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors propose and analyze a well-posed numerical scheme for a type of ill-posed elliptic Cauchy problem by using a constrained minimization approach combined with the weak Galerkin finite element method. The resulting Euler–Lagrange formulation yields a system of equations involving the original equation for the primal variable and its adjoint for the dual variable, and is thus an example of the primal–dual weak Galerkin finite element method. This new primal–dual weak Galerkin algorithm is consistent in the sense that the system is symmetric, well-posed, and is satisfied by the exact solution. A certain stability and error estimates were derived in discrete Sobolev norms, including one in a weak L 2 topology. Some numerical results are reported to illustrate and validate the theory developed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel, highly sensitive and selective fluorescent sensor based on water‐soluble nitrogen‐doped graphene quantum dots (N‐GQDs) coupled with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) was developed to detect tetracycline (TC). Unique N‐GQDs@MIPs nanomaterials were synthesized via the simple sol‐gel method due to its advantages of saving time and costs. The prepared N‐GQDs were fairly uniform and the fluorescence quantum yield (QY) was up to 58.2%. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed that the N‐GQDs@MIPs nanomaterial was prepared successfully. The imprinted factor (IF) of the synthesized N‐GQDs@MIPs was 3.42. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the fluorescence intensity and concentration of TC maintained a good linear range. The recovery experiment indicated this method can be applied to detecting TC in animal‐derived food. In summary, the proposed method provided a new and effective way for simple and rapid analysis of specific components in complex matrix samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a simplified formulation for the weak Galerkin finite element method for the Stokes equations without using the degrees of freedom associated with the unknowns in the interior of each element as formulated in the original weak Galerkin algorithm. The simplified formulation preserves the important mass conservation property locally on each element and allows the use of general polygonal partitions. A particular application of the simplified weak Galerkin on rectangular partitions yields a new class of 5- and 7-point finite difference schemes for the Stokes equations. An explicit formula is presented for the computation of the element stiffness matrices on arbitrary polygonal elements. Error estimates of optimal order are established for the simplified weak Galerkin finite element method in the H 1 and L 2 norms. Furthermore, a superconvergence of order O (h 3 ∕ 2) is established on rectangular partitions for the velocity approximation in the H 1 norm at cell centers, and a similar superconvergence is derived for the pressure approximation in the L 2 norm at cell centers. Some numerical results are reported to confirm the convergence and superconvergence theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A dicyanoisophorone-based fluorescent probe was developed for sensing H 2 S with a large Stokes shift (155 nm). • The probe showed faster time response and high sensitivity for H 2 S. • The probe can be used to detect exdogenous and endogenous H 2 S in living HeLa cells. Due to the importance of hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in physiology and pathology, the development of fluorescence probes for the detection of H 2 S has attracted extensive attention of researchers. We developed a H 2 S fluorescence probe (DCN-S) based on dicyanoisopentanone using dithioether and ester groups as the reaction sites. Under the nucleophilic substitution of H 2 S, disulfide bond of DCN-S was broken. Then the probe changed into dicyanoisophorone derivative and emitted an orange fluorescence band from 530 nm to 700 nm (centred 580 nm). Upon response for H 2 S, DCN-S exhibited high sensitivity (88 nM detection limit) and large stokes shift (155 nm). Importantly, the probe also was successfully used for endogenous and exogenous imaging of living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite breakthroughs in modern medical care, the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is even more prevalent globally. Increasing epidemiologic evidence indicates that emerging cardiovascular risk factors arising from the modern lifestyle, including psychosocial stress, sleep problems, unhealthy diet patterns, physical inactivity/sedentary behavior, alcohol consumption, and tobacco smoking, contribute significantly to this worldwide epidemic, while its underpinning mechanisms are enigmatic. Hematological and immune systems were recently demonstrated to play integrative roles in linking lifestyle to cardiovascular health. In particular, alterations in hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) homeostasis, which is usually characterized by proliferation, expansion, mobilization, megakaryocyte/myeloid-biased differentiation, and/or the pro-inflammatory priming of HSCs, have been shown to be involved in the persistent overproduction of pro-inflammatory myeloid leukocytes and platelets, the cellular protagonists of cardiovascular inflammation and thrombosis, respectively. Furthermore, certain lifestyle factors, such as a healthy diet pattern and physical exercise, have been documented to exert cardiovascular protective effects through promoting quiescence, bone marrow retention, balanced differentiation, and/or the anti-inflammatory priming of HSCs. Here, we review the current understanding of and progression in research on the mechanistic interrelationships among lifestyle, HSC homeostasis, and cardiovascular health. Given that adhering to a healthy lifestyle has become a mainstream primary preventative approach to lowering the cardiovascular burden, unmasking the causal links between lifestyle and cardiovascular health from the perspective of hematopoiesis would open new opportunities to prevent and treat CVD in the present age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Biological functions and chemical characteristics of Se. • Intuitionistic connections between chemical and physiological properties of Se and their biomedical applications. • Summary of research status and characteristics of fluorescent probes for active Se species. • Current challenges of fluorescent probes in specifically identifying active Se species and their biomedical application. Selenium (Se) is of fundamental importance to human health as an essential trace element, mainly through regulation of selenoproteins (SePs). Therefore, monitoring Se transformation in living systems and revealing cellular functions of SePs are of great significance for diverse disease treatment. However, the lack of probing tools for in situ monitoring of Se species severely hinders its development in bio-analysis. Thus, the discovery of fluorescent probes with specific recognition and responses to SePs/Se-containing species are promising for investigating the biological actions of Se. Herein, we summarized the chemical properties of various active Se species and discussed the rational design of basic structures of fluorescent probes for Se species and their biomedical applications. We also highlighted the key findings on fluorescent probes for Se species inside living systems, and proposed a network for rational design and biomedical applications of fluorescent probes for biological Se-containing substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces a weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for quad-curl problems in three dimensions. It is proved that the proposed WG method is stable and accurate in an optimal order of error estimates for the exact solution in discrete norms. In addition, an L 2 error estimate in an optimal order except the lowest order k = 2 is derived for the WG solution. Some numerical experiments are conducted to verify the efficiency and accuracy of our WG method and furthermore a superconvergence has been observed from the numerical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly efficient and selective method based on core–shell molecularly imprinted polymers (MIL@MIP) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed and firstly used for the trace analysis of tribenuron-methyl (TBM) in complicated matrices. The MIL@MIP was prepared by surface molecular-imprinting technique, specially using MIL-101 as core, TBM as template molecule, methacrylic acid (MAA) as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as cross-linker, and azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. The resulting MIL@MIP showed high affinity, recognition specificity, fast mass transfer rate, and efficient adsorption performance towards TBM with the adsorption capacity reaching up to 3.217 mg/g. It also showed high cross-selectivity for TBM among its six kinds of chemical structure analogues. Furthermore, using the MIL@MIP as solid-phase extraction (SPE) materials, the recoveries of TBM determined by HPLC were 84.6-92.3%, 93.3-106.7%, and 88.9-93.3% in the spiked river water, soil, and soybean samples, respectively, with the limit of detection of 0.3 ng/L, 1.5 ng/kg, and 1.5 ng/kg, accordingly. It was proved that the developed HPLC-MISPE method was fast, accurate, and sensitive for detecting the trace TBM in river water, soil, and soybean samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A label-free impedimetric immunosensor based on poly (pyrrole-co-pyrrole-1-propionic acid) and reduced graphene oxide polymer was developed. • The pyrrole-based copolymer strengthen sensor conductivity and provide binding sites of antibody for capturing target. • The impedimetric immunosensor exhibits good selectivity and sensitivity towards melamine. Abstract A label-free electrochemical impedimetric immunosensor was developed to monitor melamine, and it was successfully applied for the detection of melamine in spiked dairy samples. The poly (pyrrole-co-pyrrole-1-propionic acid) and reduced graphene oxide polymer layer (rGO-PPYPPA) were co-electrodeposited on the electrode using a one-pot method, thus obtaining a copolymer layer with favorable electrochemical properties. A competitive immunoassay was used for quantitative analysis of melamine. The rGO-PPYPPA copolymer improved the conductivity of the sensor and provided adequate anchor sites for antibody binding, thus enhancing immuno-binding. The specific immune-interactions at the electrode surface that restrict the electron transfer of the redox probe Fe(CN) 6 3−/4− lead to changes in electrochemical impedance, and the changes in impedance correlated to specific concentrations of melamine. The immunosensor displays a wide detection range (10−11−10−2 mol L−1), low limit of detection (1.2 × 10−11 mol L−1) and acceptable recovery (84.6%–100.3%) in real samples. The results provide a simple and versatile impedimetric immunosensing platform, with great potential for real-world applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract For the determination of dopamine (DA) in serum samples, a quenching-type electrochemiluminescence sensor (MIECLS) was constructed in this study. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) enhanced by covalent organic frameworks (COFs)-based hybrid and oligoaniline-crosslinked gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) imprinting recognition sites were introduced in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system at the first time. The porous COFs-based hybrid with large specific surface area was modified on the electrode firstly to hold more UCNPs and imprinting recognition sites. AuNPs was employed in the developed sensor for two objectives: 1) AuNPs on the COFs-based hybrid enabled the hybrid to tunnel the electrons, which helped to improve the ECL intensity; 2) AuNPs-based thioaniline units (PATP@AuNPs) electropolymerized on the electrode in the presence of template to form oligoaniline-crosslinked AuNPs matrix. Then the exclusion of template from matrix yielded the molecularly three-dimensional imprinted contours with conductivity, which facilitated specific recognition and further amplified the ECL. The double recognition mode in this work involves the recognition effect of imprinted contours and quenching effect of o -benzoquinone species. The quantum chemical calculation was performed to analyze the possible recognition and the binding mechanisms of molecularly three-dimensional imprinted contours. The results showed imprinted contours could bind the targets by complementary spatial cavities and weak interactions. The proposed approach yielded a wide detection range (10–14–10−6 M), low limit of detection (LOD = 2 ×10–15 M) and acceptable recoveries (93.25–112.97%) in rat serum sample, demonstrating that the developed method holds great promise to be applied to DA detection in practical samples. Highlights • CTpBD-Au enhanced UCNPs and oligoaniline-crosslinked AuNPs imprinting recognition sites were introduced in ECL system. • The double recognition was constructed by the recognition effect of imprinted contours and quenching effect for ECL. • The proposed approach yields a wide detection range, low limit of detection and acceptable recoveries in rat serum sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract In the study, Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 V 2−x P x O 7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.2) was prepared by solid state method and then the microstructure of synthesized samples was investigated. The microstructure, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and phase transition of Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 V 2−x P x O 7 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1.2) were investigated with thermal dilatometry, x-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the samples were single cubic phase with the space group of Pa 3 ¯ in the crystal structure. When the substitution rate of P5+ was higher than 0.6, the 3 × 3 × 3 superstructure disappeared. The expansion coefficient of Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 V 1.2 P 0.8 O 7 was calculated to be −0.53 × 10−6 K−1 under the linear thermal expansion in a very wide temperature range from 300 to 573 K. With the increase of P5+ content, the temperatures of positive-to-negative thermal expansion of Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 V 2−x P x O 7 firstly even decreased below room temperature and then increased. The synthesized Zr 0.5 Hf 0.5 V 2−x P x O 7 exhibited near zero thermal expansion behavior in a wide temperature range around room temperature. Highlights • Near-zero thermal expansion behavior over a wide temperature range. • The samples are of single-phase cubic type with space group Pa 3 ¯ at RT. • The samples have low phase change temperature. • From superstructure to ideal crystal structure between 310 and 323 K. • CTE was measured by dilatometer to be 0.59 × 10−6 K−1 (310 ∼ 673 K). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A weak Galerkin finite element method is devised for the Poisson equation with Dirichlet boundary value when curved elements are employed in the numerical scheme. Optimal order error estimates are derived for the weak Galerkin solution in both the H 1 -norm and the L 2 -norm. Numerical results are produced to demonstrate the performance of the weak Galerkin method on general curved partitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents two discrete maximum principles (DMP) for the numerical solution of second order elliptic equations arising from the weak Galerkin finite element method. The results are established by assuming an h -acute angle condition for the underlying finite element triangulations. The mathematical theory is based on the well-known De Giorgi technique adapted in the finite element context. Some numerical results are reported to validate the theory of DMP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel 24-site fluidic micro-array screen printing electrochemical analytical device based on double-deck slide construction and assembled micro-reservoir was fabricated for multiplex and coinstantaneous immunosensing. The mesoporous bimetallic Au@Pt nanoparticles was involved as signal-trigger for effective analysis of typical harmful substances - enrofloxacin (veterinary drug) and melamine (illegal additive) that might exist in one sample. The results revealed this strategy not only supported multi-channel and high-throughout assay but also assisted micro-fluidic detection without crosstalk and interference. The approach displayed a wide linear range (ENR: 0.1–1000 ng mL -1 , MEL: 0.1–500 ng mL -1 ), satisfactory limit of detection (ENR: 18.97 pg mL -1 , MEL: 26.80 pg mL -1 , S/N = 3) and acceptable recovery (ENR: 90.18%–100.76%, MEL: 91.34%–108.81%) in practical sample. Furthermore, the immunosensor showed high specificity for each target, favorable stability for long-term storage and satisfactory reproducibility for several repeated detection. The proposed disposable and versatile analytical platform lends a fresh perspective to further application in the portable analysis of multi-targets and large-amount samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A discrete divergence free weak Galerkin finite element method is developed for the Stokes equations based on a weak Galerkin (WG) method introduced in [17] . Discrete divergence free bases are constructed explicitly for the lowest order weak Galerkin elements in two and three dimensional spaces. These basis functions can be derived on general meshes of arbitrary shape of polygons and polyhedrons. With the divergence free basis derived, the discrete divergence free WG scheme can eliminate pressure variable from the system and reduces a saddle point problem to a symmetric and positive definite system with many fewer unknowns. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of this discrete divergence free WG method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palaeoflood deposits record extreme climatic and environmental events. While historic data show that floods occurred frequently in the Yongding River in China and have caused many natural disasters. The sedimentologic records of palaeoflood in the Yongding River have not been well studied. This study investigates the palaeoflood deposits at the Tanmugou site in the middle reach of the Yongding River. Six episodes of palaeoflood were identified in the sediment profile. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating method was applied to establish the chronology of the palaeoflood deposits. Both the improved single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocol and standard growth curve (SGC) method were employed for equivalent dose (D e ) determinations. The minimum age model (MAM), central age model (CAM) and arithmetic mean were applied to calculate the D e values. The OSL dating results show that these palaeoflood events occurred in the Holocene and concentrated during three stages, including 8.5–7.3 ka, 2.8–2.4 ka and 1–0.5 ka. The timings of these palaeoflood events in the Yongding River coincide with the timings of palaeoflood events in other river systems in China. Compared with the continuously high-resolution climate record in China, these palaeoflood events occurred during climate transition periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The weak Galerkin (WG) methods have been introduced in Mu et al. (2013, 2014), [14] for solving the biharmonic equation. The purpose of this paper is to develop an algorithm to implement the WG methods effectively. This can be achieved by eliminating local unknowns to obtain a global system with significant reduction of size. In fact, this reduced global system is equivalent to the Schur complements of the WG methods. The unknowns of the Schur complement of the WG method are those defined on the element boundaries. The equivalence of the WG method and its Schur complement is established. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of this new implementation technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel molecular imprinting fluorescent sensor synthesized avoiding complicated design and synthesis of a fluorescent functional monomer, and without the extra cost of additional fluorescence materials (quantum dots, carbon dots and fluorescein), only by a click reaction making the common protein imprinting polymers upgraded to a fluorescent sensing material which can be applied to the fast detection of glycoproteins. In this study, a common protein imprinted polymer (protein-IP) which containing a disulfide bond in the imprinted cavities was first synthesized, then the disulfide linkage was cleaved by reduction, the exposed thiol groups were used for the click reaction to introduce 4-vinyl phenylboronic acid to improve the imprinted recognition for glycoproteins and convert recognition behavior into fluorescent signal simultaneously in one-step site-specific post-imprinting modifications (PIMs). Good linear relationship was obtained in the range of 0.1–10 mg mL −1 by fluorescence assay, comparison of the adsorption capacity of the MIPs before and after modification proved that the method has no negative impact on the imprinting effect and exhibit good imprinting effect for glycoproteins of different molecular size and weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an arbitrary order locking-free numerical scheme for linear elasticity on general polygonal/polyhedral partitions by using weak Galerkin (WG) finite element methods. Like other WG methods, the key idea for the linear elasticity is to introduce discrete weak strain and stress tensors which are defined and computed by solving inexpensive local problems on each element. Such local problems are derived from weak formulations of the corresponding differential operators through integration by parts. Locking-free error estimates of optimal order are derived in a discrete H 1 -norm and the usual L 2 -norm for the approximate displacement when the exact solution is smooth. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency, accuracy, and the locking-free property of the weak Galerkin finite element method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a hybridized formulation for the weak Galerkin mixed finite element method (WG-MFEM) which was introduced and analyzed in Wang and Ye (2014) for second order elliptic equations. The WG-MFEM method was designed by using discontinuous piecewise polynomials on finite element partitions consisting of polygonal or polyhedral elements of arbitrary shape. The key to WG-MFEM is the use of a discrete weak divergence operator which is defined and computed by solving inexpensive problems locally on each element. The hybridized formulation of this paper leads to a significantly reduced system of linear equations involving only the unknowns arising from the Lagrange multiplier in hybridization. Optimal-order error estimates are derived for the hybridized WG-MFEM approximations. Some numerical results are reported to confirm the theory and a superconvergence for the Lagrange multiplier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phosphorus-doped microcrystalline silicon thin films were deposited by PECVD (Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition), the activation energy of thin films were measured by activation energy testing equipment. The activation energy of samples with different doping concentration and different depositing temperature were studied. The results showed that: the activation energy of phosphorus-doped microcrystalline silicon thin films lesser than intrinsic films. The unit of activation energy is meV. Crystalline volume fractions have little influence on activation energy when thin films have a good crystalline volume fraction, impurity effect plays an important role on the conductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method is introduced and analyzed in this paper for solving second order elliptic equations with discontinuous coefficients and interfaces. Comparing with the existing WG algorithm for solving the same type problems, the present WG method has a simpler variational formulation and fewer unknowns. Moreover, the new WG algorithm allows the use of finite element partitions consisting of general polytopal meshes and can be easily generalized to high orders. Optimal order error estimates in both H 1 and L 2 norms are established for the present WG finite element solutions. Extensive numerical experiments have been conducted to examine the accuracy, flexibility, and robustness of the proposed WG interface approach. In solving regular elliptic interface problems, high order convergences are numerically confirmed by using piecewise polynomial basis functions of high degrees. Moreover, the WG method is shown to be able to accommodate very complicated interfaces, due to its flexibility in choosing finite element partitions. Finally, in dealing with challenging problems with low regularities, the piecewise linear WG method is capable of delivering a second order of accuracy in L ∞ norm for both C 1 and H 2 continuous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a general framework for weak Galerkin generalized multiscale (WG-GMS) finite element method for the elliptic problems with rapidly oscillating or high contrast coefficients. This general WG-GMS method features in high order accuracy on general meshes and can work with multiscale basis derived by different numerical schemes. A special case is studied under this WG-GMS framework in which the multiscale basis functions are obtained by solving local problem with the weak Galerkin finite element method. Convergence analysis and numerical experiments are obtained for the special case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ryegrass ( Lolium) species, perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne L.) and Italian ryegrass ( Lolium multiflorum Lam.), are the two most important pasture grass species for global temperate regions and are also useful for amenity purposes. Due to an outbreeding reproductive habit, high levels of genetic heterogeneity are present within cultivated varieties. A continual increase in delivery of new cultivars to the marketplace, along with limited capacity to discriminate on the basis of morphological characteristics in a grow-out test, has caused difficulties for distinctness, uniformity and stability ( DUS) testing in the current plant variety protection ( PVP) system. A range of genomic tools and resources have been generated for ryegrasses, which provide new opportunities and challenges to the current PVP system. In this review, the currently available genomic tools and resources are described, along with prospects for applications to the PVP system and testing for seed certification and purity accreditation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using high-throughput first-principles calculations, combined with self-consistent phonon theory and Boltzmann transport equations, the lattice thermal transport properties of fluoride perovskites XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) with strong anharmonicity are investigated. After considering the quartic anharmonic renormalization, the imaginary frequency in the phonon spectrum disappears and the low-lying modes soften, resulting in a low group velocity of the acoustic phonons. The strong quartic anharmonicity also causes extremely strong four-phonon scattering, which is even greater than three-phonon scattering in the low frequency phonon mode. The results show that the lattice thermal conductivity κ L of XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) is ultra-low and the temperature dependence is unusually weak. The κ L of KHgF 3 at 300 K is only 0.18 Wm−1K−1, which is one-fifth of the classical low thermal conductivity material, quartz glass. Our study points the way to addressing the thermal transport properties of materials with strong anharmonicity and demonstrates that XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) can not only serve as a good thermal insulation material but also has potential applications in the thermoelectric field. • Fluoride perovskites XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) have strong quartic anharmonicity. • The frequency of the low-lying modes is significantly boosted after considering the quartic anharmonic renormalization. • The low-frequency four-phonon scattering of XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) is even stronger than the three-phonon scattering. • XHgF 3 (X = K, Rb) have ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity and unusually weak temperature dependence. • The lattice thermal conductivities of KHgF 3 and RbHgF 3 are much lower than that of the classical thermoelectric material PbTe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the combination of first-principles calculations and Boltzmann transport equation, we investigated the thermal transport properties of K 3 AuO and predicted a figure of merit ZT = 2.01 at 700 K with p-type doping. Such a high thermoelectric efficiency can be attributed to the ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity with a value of 0.48 Wm − 1 K − 1 at 300 K, and detailed research shows that the low lattice thermal conductivity arises from the small phonon group velocity and high scattering rates; moreover, the figure of merit ZT of p-type doped K 3 AuO can be maintained at around 2 in a relatively wide carrier concentration of 5.5 × 10 20 – 1.2 × 10 21 cm − 3 , which demonstrates the stable thermoelectric properties of K 3 AuO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To explore which transcription factors (TFs) modulate the pigment metabolism associated with pak choi yellowing after 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) fumigation during storage at 20 °C, omics technology were carried out. 5 μL L−1 1-MCP treatment slowed the decline of total chlorophyll (Chl) contents and Chl fluorescence parameters. The total levels in carotenoid and flavonoid did not change much during storage, regardless of whether undergoing 1-MCP treatment, which might be linked to the down-regulated expression of most pigment synthesis associated genes. The bilirubin contents and its synthesis gene HO1 expression soared, which were inhibited by 1-MCP; however, the contents of bilirubin were low. The correlation analysis between Chl degradation genes and TFs revealed that BcAP2 / BcERF , BcMYB , BcNACs , BcbZip , BcbHLH , BcWRKY , and BcC2H2 were the major potential TFs involved in leaf yellowing of pak choi. The numbers of TFs concerning in Chl catabolism were more than those of TFs relating to the catabolism of carotenoid and flavonoid; TFs concerning in Chl catabolism were also the most abundant TFs that respond to 1-MCP. The variation of carotenoid, flavonoid and bilirubin during storage were irrelevant to the yellowing of pak choi. BcNACs and BcWRKYs may positively regulate Chl breakdown; BcAP2/BcERFs , BcMYBs , BcbZips , BcbHLHs , and BcC2H2s may act as both transcriptional activators and repressors in Chl degradation process. Thus, 1-MCP may regulate the transcriptome expression of upstream TFs, and therefore, maintained low expression of Chl degradation associated genes, inhibited Chl degradation, helping to retard leaf yellowing of pak choi. • Carotenoid and flavonoid contents were irrelevant to pak choi yellowing. • TFs in Chl catabolism were the most abundant in respond to 1-MCP. • NACs and WRKYs may positively regulate Chl breakdown. • AP2/ERFs , MYBs , bZips and bHLHs act as transcriptional activators and repressors. • 1-MCP relieved yellowing by regulating chlorophyll-degrading TFs expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microsatellite variants in the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A gene ( AVPR1A) RS3 have been associated with normal social behaviors variation and autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in a sex-specific manner. However, neural mechanisms underlying these associations remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that AVPR1A RS3 variants affect altruistic behavior by modulating the gray matter volume (GMV) of specific brain regions in a sex-specific manner. We investigated 278 young healthy adults using the Dictator Game to assess altruistic behavior. All subjects were genotyped and main effect of AVPR1A RS3 repeat polymorphisms and interaction of genotype-by-sex on the GMV were assessed in a voxel-wise manner. We observed that male subjects with relatively short repeats allocated less money to others and exhibited a significantly smaller GMV in the right fusiform face area (FFA) compared with male long homozygotes. In male subjects, the GMV of the right FFA exhibited a significant positive correlation with altruistic behavior. A mixed mediation and moderation analysis further revealed both a significant mediation effect of the GMV of the right FFA on the association between AVPR1A RS3 repeat polymorphisms and allocation sums and a significant moderation effect of sex (only in males) on the mediation effect. Post hoc analysis showed that the GMV of the right FFA was significantly smaller in male subjects carrying allele 426 than in non-426 carriers. These results suggest that the GMV of the right FFA may be a potential mediator whereby the genetic variants in AVPR1A RS3 affect altruistic behavior in healthy male subjects. Hum Brain Mapp 37:2700-2709, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a weak Galerkin (WG) finite element method for the Stokes equations in the primal velocity-pressure formulation. This WG method is equipped with stable finite elements consisting of usual polynomials of degree k≥1 for the velocity and polynomials of degree k−1 for the pressure, both are discontinuous. The velocity element is enhanced by polynomials of degree k−1 on the interface of the finite element partition. All the finite element functions are discontinuous for which the usual gradient and divergence operators are implemented as distributions in properly-defined spaces. Optimal-order error estimates are established for the corresponding numerical approximation in various norms. It must be emphasized that the WG finite element method is designed on finite element partitions consisting of arbitrary shape of polygons or polyhedra which are shape regular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basin sediment provides an important means of studying regional tectonic actives; however, regional climate factors, overlaying tectonic actives, affect the sedimentary process in the basin. Because of the lack of long-term scales data, the research on climate change in the arid and semi-arid region is limited. The PL02 core, located in the center area of deposition in the Yinchuan Basin, has a thick deposit with a higher resolution and sedimentation rate, making itself practical for the reconstruction of the paleoclimate and the coupling relationship between regional tectonic activities and climate change. The study of the 720-m borehole near Pingluo County is presented in this paper. The chronostratigraphic sequence of the core is established by palaeomagnetic dating. The magnetostratigraphic correlation to the geomagnetic polarity timescale shows that the PL02 core recorded the Brunhes, Matuyama, Gauss, Jaramillo, Olduvai, Kaena and Mammoth polarity chron or subchron. The sedimentation rate and the magnetostratigraphic of the core indicate that the onset of the PL02 core in this section occurred at ∼3.4 Ma BP. The analysis of the core established a detailed chronological framework for regional geological research. At the stage of 3.22–3.04 Ma, 2.581–1.95 Ma and after 0.012 Ma, the sedimentation rate increases gradually, which archive three regional tectonic subsidence events. The frequency-dependent susceptibility of the sediment is used to reconstruct the paleoclimatic change. The frequency-dependent susceptibility is more effective than the magnetic susceptibility on reflecting regional climate change in the basin. From 3.4 to 0.467 Ma, the gradual decrease of frequency-dependent susceptibility reflects the regional climate change from warm and humid to cold and dry. Since 0.467 Ma, the gradual increase of the frequency-dependent susceptibility corresponds to the climate becoming warm and humid again. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The online anomaly detection has been propounded as the key idea of monitoring fault of large-scale sensor nodes in Internet of Things. Now, the exciting progresses of research have been made in online anomaly detection area. However, the highly dynamic distributing character of Internet of Things makes the anomaly detection scheme difficult to be used in online manner. This paper presents a new online anomaly learning and detection mechanism for large-scale service of Internet of Thing. Firstly, our model uses the reversible-jump MCMC learning to online learn anomaly-free of dynamics network and service data. Next, we perform a structural analysis of IoT-based service topology by network utility maximization theory. The results of experiment demonstrate the method accuracy in forecasting dynamics network and service structures from synthetic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]