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Public policies to promote the social economy (Morandeira, 2013) have been progressively reformulated in the Basque Country over the last five years, moving from a centralized model based on direct economic aid to one that seeks to incorporate a more holistic, ecosystemic and local approach. In the path of the main studies that collect these regulatory changes at the state level (Chaves, 2019; Fajardo, 2019; Chaves et al., 2020), in this paper address the main changes detected in the implementation of public action in the Basque Country. In this new, more territorialized and ecosystemic scheme, to the implementation of all public policy tools, both soft and hard (Chaves, 2009), organizational elements are added that tend towards models based on the co-construction of public policies (Vaillancourt, 2008). A proposal for public intervention is presented in which a model is defined with measures in collaboration with social economy entities to TRANSFORM the local development framework, the so-called "transformative public intervention". Finally, based on this third intervention model proposal, "Hernani Burujabe" is presented as a pioneering experience in the Basque Country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the main results of an investigation that inquire the ways in which the subjects of assistance are problematized, and the link established between popular sectors and the National State, from the arrival of the Alianza Cambiemos to the presidency between 2015 and 2019, in Argentina. Based on a set of theoretical tools of the Foucauldian scaffolding, and from a qualitative approach, the main problems that fuel the emergence and implementation of the national program «Estado en tu Barrio» are analyzed. The paper sustains that, in a context of deteriorating living and working conditions, this policy can be thought of as a government dispositive aimed at expanding local social-assistance interventions, individualizing the Statetarget population relationship and assisting to these populations under the imperative of urgency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using interpretative analysis methods, the paper looks at policy and analyzes the meaning, values and judgements implicit in the devices that gave footing to the program's creation and of the analysis of six interviews with public officials in a position to make decisions and that participated in part in the creation or modification of the program. The results show that the prejudices of the culture of poverty are present in the documents that gave rise to the program, in the founding documents of the program and within the narratives of said public officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colombia is one of the most inequal countries in Latin America, which at the same time, is the most inequal region of the world. Even though this situation is discouraging it is not new, the difference lays on the importance that this situation has been taken in the political agenda in the nation, awakening multiple expectative between the citizens who has been the eternal losers: the poor. This paper focuses on the challenges that the new government of Gustavo Petro faces in matter of the inequality and poverty that affects over the half of the population in Colombia, at the same time provides a context of the Colombian case in the conjuncture of global and regional socioeconomic changes that incident on the chances of fulfill structural transformations at the social policy. Although this research acknowledges a large spectrum of inequalities existing in the territory (gender, generational, ethnic, racial) it focusses on the income inequality. This analysis takes place based on the data of specialized sources on the subject and the monitoring fluctuations of inequality in Colombia in the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food policies in Argentina have gained prominence in social policies agenda in Argentina since 1983. THe persistant problem of hunger affects the technicians and professionals who have managed and implemented food policies. The way people perceive and feel the social world regulates management practices. In order to design and implement food programs in Argentina, it is necessary to investigate people's perception of the world. This contributes to understand the connection between social policies and structures. This paper aims to identify emotions of technicians and professionals associated with the design, management and implementation of food policies. This is a qualitative study with an in-depth interviews to technicians and professionals who have managed and implemented food policies in General Pueyrredon between 1983-2020. The main results show emotions such as frustration, anger and resignation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Mexico, during the 2012-2018 six-year term, the National Crusade against Hunger (CNCH) was implemented, in which social participation played a central role in combating the lack of access to food and promoting social welfare. With the creation of Community Committees and the support from promoter staff, this strategy aimed to strengthen and ensure the active and constant involvement of the population; however, there were a number of factors that had an impact on the difficulties in achieving sustained community participation. The objective of this paper is to show the factors that limited social participation in the implementation of the CNCH in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, Mexico, through the voices of the implementing staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: From 2003, Argentina developed a set of policies centered on the Social and Solidarity Economy. In particular, the social policy Argentina Works had a broad development throughout the country. Objective: The purpose of the paper is to describe and analyze the territorial application of the programs included in the social policy Argentina Works in the province of Mendoza during the years 2010-2015, based on the socioeconomic principles of the Social and Solidarity Economy and the social integration of the work. Method: The methodology used has been qualitative, with an exploratory-descriptive design. The instruments used were the documentary analysis of technical reports published by the national government and interviews with referents of the Ministry of Social Development of the Nation in Mendoza and organizations reached by the Argentina works policy, in different territories of the province. Results: The territorial application of the Argentina works en Mendoza policy was concentrated in the metropolitan region. The socio-economic principles of Social and Solidarity Economy in particular that prioritize the implemented programs are social production and circulation. Regarding the social integration of work, they present diversity in the integration stages and the dimensions to which they contribute. Conclusions: The Argentina Works policy was a relevant bet to tackle the problem of unemployment, it was halfway there, since the predominant conception of Social and Solidarity Economy was welfare and focused. In Mendoza, it reproduced the territorial concentration in the metropolitan region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: the aim of this paper is to test a sociology of welfare; that is, two analytical tools are argued to gain an understanding of the sociological content of welfare: 1) the identification of the forms of social precariousness existing in Mexico; 2) the idea of the continuum of inequality of violence and its visibility. Methodology: in defending their theory, the authors use analytical and qualitative sociology as a methodological perspective, where classical concepts of sociology function as reflexive tools to promote the elaboration of a qualitative, critical and normative thinking around the forms of precariousness and their opposite, welfare. Results: presented in two sections: 1) The emergence of violence as a structure for the precariousness of life, a section that reflects on the increase in the forms of violence and their importance when addressing the issue of well-being; 2) Analysis of the forms of social precariousness, which proposes a matrix of the main forms of precariousness that actually exist in Mexico, where the elements of the continuum of inequality of violence are identified. Conclusions: it is proposed that a qualitative sociological knowledge of social precariousness and violence, of the forms and dynamics of social action is necessary to understand the substantive meaning of welfare; useful knowledge to guide public actions in favor of welfare in democratic societies, especially to test innovation in the design of social policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using interpretative analysis methods, the paper looks at policy and analyzes the meaning, values and judgements implicit in the devices that gave footing to the program's creation and of the analysis of six interviews with public officials in a position to make decisions and that participated in part in the creation or modification of the program. The results show that the prejudices of the culture of poverty are present in the documents that gave rise to the program, in the founding documents of the program and within the narratives of said public officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

European Union has been promoting the achievement of social and economic cohesion since the Treaty Establishing the European Community. A true embodiment of this goal has been slowed down by several reasons, such as the attachment of Eastern Europe countries that increased the heterogeneity in the European Union; or how European countries dealt with the latest economic recession that took place in 2008. The aim of this paper is to analyse the process of convergence/divergence among Eastern Europe countries and European Union based in a few parameters that foster the economic and social cohesion. The hypothesis is that countries from East of Europe have kept different rates of convergence with the European Union because they shape a heterogeneous group of countries due to several factors: accession year of each country to the European Union, influence of the former Soviet Union, Europe 2020 Strategy's repercussion or the previous situation where these countries come from before being full members of the European Union. In this paper, a mixed methodology was applied, combining interviews with professionals in different fields of knowledge with the statistical analysis of social, economic and political behaviours in the Eastern European Union countries since the outbreak of the crisis until now. In this comparative, three fields of action have been considered as the main areas that compose social policy and are also integrated in the European 2020 Strategy (incomes, work and education), combined with the institutional response offered by these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to integrate into a single analytical framework the three dimensions of sustainable development, namely the economic, social, and environmental ones. With this objective, a three-gap model within the structuralist tradition is laid down, which identifies and compares three rates of growth: the maximum rate compatible with external equilibrium, the maximum rate compatible with the environmental commitments of the region, and the minimum rate necessary for increasing equality. Policy scenarios are simulated using the E3ME Cambridge Econometrics model, a macroeconometric model of the socioeconomic, energy, and environmental systems. The simulation exercises confirm the crucial importance of combining industrial and technological policies with those for social protection and welfare to foster growth, formal employment, the decoupling of emissions, and equality. An international governance that encourages the reduction of technological asymmetries and broadens the policy space for development in the periphery is necessary to advance towards a new style of development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a reflection produced after a series of interventions carried out at the sector known as "The Bronx", in the city of Bogotá, financed by the national and district governments. The main aim was, on one hand, to understand the role that some dynamics play in order to prevent crime, and, on the other hand, to design and implement a strategy in local schools that will help to reduce the individual vulnerability of young people in the sector. The work proposals develop social policy guidelines articulating elements of human geography, sociology, and psychology, around proposals such as the Zonas de Orientación Escolar (School Guiding Zones, Indications about the importance of considering the effect that territorial dynamics have on the effectiveness of the design and implementation of social policies, as well as the difficulty of defining indicators that allow comparability with similar experiences, can be found among the conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes self-solidarity as a position in the face of extreme poverty and shows the articulated complex of homelessness and the difficulty in overcoming it. Raymond's life story, as a case study in northern Mexico, unravels the link between migration, masculinity(ies) and social exclusion and its relationship with the street situation of deported ex-migrant men, collective helpless by social policy. Raymond's life trajectory exposes violence, contexts of vulnerability and resignifications, highlighting an example of descending social mobility. It is concluded that self-solidarity, as an autonomous position against homelessness, is developed as a practical tool in self-care, an element of resilience and a way to understand the experiential context and direct support demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to assess public preferences and WTP for policies addressing social inclusion. As a result of surveying 1250 residents in the Canary Islands (Spain) it has been found that society is highly sensitive to price, since people always choose to pay the cheapest option in support of social inclusion. In addition, the interviewees show a greater preference for basic income as a form of policy with a WTP of about 60 euros, while the WTP for other programmes related to awareness are less than 39 euros/year. The study allows to formulate a package of recommendations to increase the effectiveness of current policies aiming to promote a more inclusive and resilient society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the efficiency and effectiveness of social spending in Cuba, considering that this serves as a reference to analyze the importance assigned to social policy in a country. For this purpose, it starts with the analysis of Cuba's current situation in comparison with Latin America, based on the use of different social performance indicators. Likewise, a synthetic indicator of such performance is constructed as a measure of effectiveness and is compared with the expenditures spent for such purposes, as a measure of efficiency. It is found that Cuba is the most effective country in the region, but at the same time the least efficient. In order to face this challenge, a set of policy reflections is synthesized to contribute to the improvement of equity in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Performance Audits are among the competences of many Supreme Audit Institutions (sais), both in developed and developing countries. However, the level of real implementation of this technique in Latin America is underexplored. This paper aims to contribute to the analysis of the implementation of performance audits in Latin-American countries. This paper analyzed the situation of performance auditing in Latin America through a comparative study based on the evidence obtained from the websites of the sais and on a questionnaire sent to them. Results show a common rhetoric with respect to the importance of this technique but variations in practice. These variations can be explained by three reasons: rhetorical implementation, lack of fit between this technique and the problems facing Latin American countries and different levels of political and economic development. Access to information is quite difficult, fears to answer the questionnaire and lack of accessibility to the reports makes having a full picture a daunting task. Latin American sais should reevaluate the type of performance audit that suits their aims and adapt rather than adopt the tools developed in countries with different problems in public management. This paper offers a broad view of performance audit in Latin America. It reflects the effort of international organization and the limitations that performance audits confront in certain settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite more than twenty years of implementation of Conditional Cash Transfers (ccts) inequality and poverty remain being one of the main problems of Latin America. These programs seek to stimulate consumption and reduce poverty and have become the axis of articulation of social protection in most of the countries of the region, incorporating logics of resource management and financing, and new actors and discourses on poverty. This paper critically presents the recent literature on ccts and analyzes the trajectories and approaches of the programs. The paper also analyses changes and continuities in the perspectives on poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 25.3% of the Spanish population was at risk of poverty and / or social exclusion in 2019, in Asturias 24.6%. The COVID-19 virus triggers a social crisis, which intensifies this structural situation. In this context, European Anti-Poverty Network in Asturias (EAPN-AS) develops a device for intersectoral and multilevel coordination to respond to the social emergency in Asturias (northern Spanish region with approximately 1 million population). The device articulates the action of the civil society organizations and the competent public administrations. With actionresearch methodology, this paper presents the design and implantation of the device during the quarentine period, and the evaluation of its development. Thus, it is shown that the resource has facilitated collaboration and coordination between actors involved in the social emergency, favoring scenarios of certainty in a situation of instability. It shows the cohesive role of organized civil society, and its capacity for innovation in crisis contexts. Finally, highlights the potential of socio-educational based interventions to achieve pragmatic and flexible proposals. Also the need to move forward to guarantee integral social policies, instead of conditioned formulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses a housing policy of social mixture in a neighborhood that is under an urban renewal process. It studies the implementation of the housing plan included in the law n.o 3.396/09, that creates the Parque Donado-Holmberg neighborhood in the area of what should have been the Highway 3 in the city of Buenos Aires, Argentina. The paper explores the possibilities of social mixture that the social housing program enables (or not) in an urban renewal scenario. For that purpose it analyses the modes of access to social housing and the perceptions that the recipients have about their new houses. It deploys a qualitative methodology, based on secondary sources and the construction of primary data (interviews, non-participant observations and a collective mapping), that has been made between July 2016 and May. 2018. The article argues that the implementation of a policy of access to social housing is insufficient to stimulate social mixture in an urban renewal scenario. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a multiple case study developed in three periurban locations in central Mexico, this paper aims to present the theoretical model that was used in the analysis of social reproduction strategies of periurban households. To this purpose, Pierre Bourdieu's theoretical approaches to the reproductive dynamics of the social world, as well as the central categories of field, habitus and capital, are recovered. The proposed model allows explaining the factors involved in the formation of reproductive strategies systems at the locality level, as well as the attachment or deviation of family practices to that system. Beyond its potential for the analysis of social reproduction in the periurban territory, it is considered that this model may be appropriate for the analysis of family strategies in contexts of profound structural changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the concept of social policy as methodological approaches. First, argues that the definition of social policy must incorporate the core of the concepts: the dialectics between the constituted powers and constituent powers. In second place, it postulates that concepts have a distinctive basic content and proposes a minimum definition of social policy. In third place, it systematizes 26 definitions from specialized literature to establish the essential attributes of the concepts and finally proposes a definition of social policy. This proposal connotation may be useful for social research; it includes analyzed methodological approaches and differentiates social policy from other terms such as protection, security and social assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with financialization, a concept that critically describes the rise and expansion of financial capital in the economy and its social and political implications. Seen from the perspective of financialization, the Colombian pension system of Law 100 of 1993 (Congress of the Republic of Colombia, 1993) illustrates the expansion of financial capital in emerging or peripheral economies, highlighting the inferior and subordinate status of these countries with respect to the more developed economies. In these countries, the adoption of private pension funds goes hand in hand with financial liberalization and the search to expand their capital markets. Moreover, pension systems have never been far removed from economic structures; they have been created and developed within them. In Colombia, as a country whose industry did not fully awaken, the necessary conditions for the most guaranteeing pension models could not be met. Although the current Colombian model is not purely controlled by private funds, the link between these funds and the financial players is so strong that there is still unresolved tension around the complete privatization of the system. In addition, the institutional formula through which it is evident that this is a financialized system is the so-called multi-fund pension scheme. Thus, under the magnifying glass of the financialization that has governed the current pension system and its most recent changes, we can also read the announcements and reform proposals put forward by the government, unions and think tanks at the end of neoliberalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyzes the ethical foundations of a universal, individual and unconditional basic income, and its transformative potential in the world of work and social policy. Guaranteeing a right to existence, as the materialization of a normative ideal of real freedom, implies overcoming the contributory principle and promoting a situation of full voluntary employment. The combination of both aspects could lead to the emergence of a socioeconomic order that transcends the compensatory connotations of contemporary social policy and goes beyond the scope of the conservative, liberal and social democratic models of the welfare state. The paper presents the discussions around basic income in the field of the theories of justice as distribution, analyzes the idea of "work as an asset" and shows the myths that support the validity of the contributory principle. Throughout these reflections, the main criticisms of basic income from liberal, trade union, feminist, communist and republican perspectives will also be presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aspects that configure unemployment protection in European Union Law wouldn't be understandable without prior knowledge of its historical evolution. This paper offers a detailed study about the developing of unemployment protection in the European Union, starting from the beginnings, of absolute absence, to the maximum interest in recent years, identifying the historical, social, economic and political bases of its current regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to identify the public innovation generated through the "Full Time Schools Program" in Mexico, particularly for the 2018-2019 school year in the schools of the State of Puebla, evaluating the generation of public value through a survey perception answered by 612 principals of schools benefited from this program in the state. The research shows that although the program's operating rules point out the criteria for generating public value, there are sections of political control in the operation that could be improved in the state public management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze a particular policy of conditional transfer of income: Universal Assignment for Child for Social Protection (UCASP), implemented in Argentina in 2009 by the then President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, through the Decree of Need and Urgency N.º 1602/09, as a non-contributory subsystem within the Family Allowances Regime instituted by Law N.º 24,714 and under the jurisdiction of the National Social Security Administration (ANSES). The study, methodologically based on the documentary analysis, is structured around a series of axes that are essential to examine the AUHPS, among them: the regional antecedents, the context prior to its emergence, the normative juridical aspects that support it, the subjects of law, the considerations and debates of feminism and the pejorative view of the most reactionary conservative sectors that demonstrate against this type of social policy that tends to equate in rights to the sons and daughters of formal workers both with those of informal workers as with those of those who are circumstantially unemployed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper compares the social policy program Progresa-Oportunidades-Prospera through twenty years of operation in Mexico with the new programs of scholarships "becas para el bienestar" implemented by the administration 2018-2024, to know if the new social programs improves the design of the former Prospera program, or it is just an arbitrary change without taking into account the knowledge generated from social policy in the past. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the positions assumed by the Chilean political right are reviewed, respect to the 2002 health reform project, as a way of approaching the positions of this political sector in relation to the role of the State in the economic and social fields . This review allows to warn that for the deputies of the Chilean right, the role assigned to the State must be subordinated to the objective of maintaining untouchable certain features of the economic and social model inherited from the dictatorship, even if it implies supporting contradictory measures with the "official" discourse of its parties, characterized, in broad strokes, by a condemnation of the economic and social intervention of the State and a subsidiary vision, focused on the targeting of social policy in the most vulnerable sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a survey and in-depth interviews with waste collectors in Santiago de Chile, this paper examines the meaning that these informal workers give to their work. Using a cluster analysis, the article shows five types of relationship between collectors and their work. Furthermore, it explains why most of them find satisfaction in this activity, despite the precariousness that characterizes it. The article argues that this perception of the collectors lies in their acceptance of an "ideological offer of social recognition", embodied in the figure of "entrepreneurship", which has been promoted by the chilean social policies since the 1980s. This acceptance appears to be conditioned by the obstacles that these workers find in their career, due to their position in the social space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting from considering that social policies constitute a central link between the systemic order and the world of life of the populations, the aim of this paper is to explore the emotions of women mothers who have Conditional Cash Transfers of Income in Argentina linked to the social care and the conditionalities that they entail. This will be carried out based on a qualitative strategy, based on in-depth interviews. It is concluded that the social policies under study consolidate emotions linked to self-denial, postponement, the obligation in relation to the care tasks that they suppose and demand. This series of practices, emotions and feelings of the populations receiving the social policies worked, allow us to notice the connections between waiting, postponement and moral obligation in relation to social care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The municipal elections of 2015 gave a boost, in Pais Valencia, to the participation policy. In the agendas of the parties of the entire ideological spectrum, the need to activate citizen participation and transparency was mentioned. After the elections, these intentions materialized in the institutional consideration of bodies such as the councils of participation, areas or services. It is from this realization that the Cátedra Gobierno Abierto, Participación Ciudadana y Open Data promoted by the Conselleria de Transparencia, Responsabilidad Social, Participación y Cooperación de la Generalitat Valenciana and the Universitat de Valencia aims to carry out qualitative research that provides us with information on the processes of inclusion and boosting citizen participation in social policies at the local administration level. In this paper we present the results of the analytical exercise that we have carried out within the framework of this qualitative research: to compare the discourses on the impulse of participation policies at the local level coming from institutional agents (what we have called institutional participation), with the basic precepts of the PRA as a method. The research presented here has, since its inception, looked at the Autonomous Community as a unit of analysis. Fifteen semi-structured interviews have been conducted with local political actors from the areas of citizen participation in Castellón, Alicante and Valencia City Councils. The analysis of qualitative material points to some barriers and confusions, both regarding the concept of participation itself and the lack of consideration of PRA as a process, which emerge as limitations for the implementation of participation policies at the local level. The conclusion that can be drawn points to the need to articulate a model of participation for the Pais Valencia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the likely impact on job incentives of the introduction of a Citizens’ Basic Income. We try to explore whether this proposal would fail because it would cause a massive retreat from the labour market or, on the contrary, this is not a plausible scenario and therefore the proposal is feasible and sustainable in this respect. To this aim, we use formal game theoretical models, since they have several advantages compared with simple intuitive mental speculation. The paper concludes that, as Basic Income supporters argue, the proposal is feasible and sustainable in the most empirically plausible scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Argentina from 2003 to 2015 the social policies promoted by the Ministry of Social Development of the Nation during the progressive governments of the Front for Victory have promoted principles of the social and solidarity economy. For this, they used the cooperative of work with territorial anchoring as an instrument of social inclusion. One of the programs that became more relevant was the Argentina Trabaja-Social Income Working Program. The objective of this paper is to investigate the nature and particularities that work cooperatives acquire under its orbit. We have identified the ways in which it is disputed at the territorial level where the municipality is responsible for shaping them and assigning tasks to them. In this sense, we are in the presence of regulated cooperatives that contribute to the heterogeneous universe of cooperativism by being constituted through public policies that foster cooperativism and self-managed experiences. The methodology we use is qualitative based on empirical research developed in the Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (AMBA), Argentina, from 2013 to 2018. It was an investigation in which the analysis corpus was made up of Resolution 3182/09 that gave rise to it, as well as academic articles as preliminary inquiries, participant observations, transcriptions of field notes and semi-structured interviews with cooperative members and municipal officials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the contingencies and difficulties on the fieldwork and the decisions that influence knowledge construction. From a review of the research: "Food Policies in Argentina from 1983 to 2001" and the implementation of in-depth interview to technicians and professionals who have managed and implemented food policies, this article goes through different fieldwork stages. One of the main obstacles of working on public policies is the limited and incomplete official information, which reconstruction remains a key element in the decisions of the research process. The recordkeeping procedures and the analysis clarified the overview as the research process advanced. Among the main results, it was detected that the interviewees opinions about social policies depend on their closeness to the ongoing governmental management, the different environments (workplace, public space, private house), and the historical period addressed in the conversation. The main role of the researcher in the interview was to listen to both, the speech and the deployment of practices of the interviewees. The interview context turned into an important aspect to understand the complexity of social relations disputing power and resources in the public management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the convergence hypothesis and the impact of social policy on the economic growth of the six largest countries in Latin America between 1980 and 2010. Results suggest that social public policies have positively influenced growth in these economies. Particularly, there are non-observed variables (fixed effects) that positively affect the economic growth in Venezuela and Chile; however, there are other non-observed variables that may be negatively affecting growth in Brazil and Mexico. Regarding the convergence hypothesis, results reveal that the speed of convergence diminishes as real income rises, implying that these countries might be converging to their stable states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the externalities generated by the implementation of the instrumental policy of school breakfasts in Santiago de Cali. It starts by a historical analysis of the educational sector in Colombia, pointing out its pros and cons, which are given by the lack of coordination of the resources allocated and the policies. Also, a reflection about the meaning of public policies’ coordination and institutional change, which are integrated by the transferences of policies implemented through legal instruments, is proposed through the examination of public policy and public management. In this regard, the State has played a relevant role regarding the obligations in the educative sector: disponibility, access, quality, and permanence. Finally, the paper reveals the results of such instrumental policy in the educative sector and the whole city, showing evidence regarding the creation of public value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purposes of this paper are to explore the state of implementation of the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) Programmes and their contribution to the construction of integrated social protection systems in Latin America on one hand, and to discuss the most important achievements and challenges in fighting against poverty in Colombia. With this target, the article begins with a brief review of the overall situation of the CCT Programmes in Latin America. This is followed by a comparative analysis of actions undertaken in some countries in the region in order to face the main threats related to the public policies to eradicate poverty. It enables to draw an analysis about the management of such challenges in Colombia. Finally, the last part of the paper suggests some hypotheses and proposals in order to address the problems identified above. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects upon how national culture influences on Corporate Social Responsibility practices. For this purpose, the metaphor of "organization as culture" was used as theoretical framework, and Sweden as case study by identifying elements from its history and language which have contributed to the acceptance and reinterpretation of CRS concept in the country. In conclusion, the paper presents the "socially responsible" condition as ambiguous and contextual, emphasizing on national culture as a variable which cannot be underestimated in the analysis of CSR initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the implementation of the Argentina Trabaja social program in a municipality of Buenos Aires, Argentina, with the aim of showing that the intentions of the program to promote social and labor relations in the social economy were affected, in this municipality, by the characteristics of the political networks by which it was implemented. From this case, we argue on the one hand that political networks allow and accelerate the functioning of the State, since through them national social programs reach their recipients, but on the other hand, they limit the programmatic objectives. The work was done through a qualitative methodology that combined participant observation and in-depth interviews with municipal officials and recipients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The expansion of information technologies, particularly of the Internet, has stimulated the cultural and economic globalization process and the subsequent social development. At the same time, both classical and emergent legal interests are under new forms of attack (or cyberattack) which trigger harsh challenges in the context of a crossborder phenomenon. Two supranational institutions have shown an unambiguous willingness to build a harmonized legislation in the field of cybercrime: the Council of Europe and the European Union. This paper deals with the legislative proposals of both institutions and analyses the national transposition models applied by Spain and Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to analyse and compare the mechanisms used to promote coordination in the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (National Solidarity Program) and the Cruzada Nacional contra el Hambre (National Crusade against Hunger). Document analysis is employed to identify similarities and differences between the two programs. The results show that intergovernmental and interinstitutional coordination, although a to achieve in social policy. This research provides elements for the analysis of social policy and public administration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper was drafted using the Social Competitiveness Index (SCI) compiled by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP-Mexico) to analyze progress and/or backsliding in the areas of healthcare, education, and job income in the Mexican Republic's 32 states over the time period 2005-2014. The aim was also to use panel data techniques to evaluate the relationship between the SCI and public spending, finding that public spending on social issues was negatively related to the SCI (elasticity was -0.5764%). In conjunction with that, it was demonstrated that a lack of social competitiveness existed alongside growth in public spending, leading to the conclusion that the social policy was ineffective, on top of an economic policy that only drove scant growth in production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is well known how massive are the welfare programs known as Conditional Cash Transfer since the beginning of the 21st Century. In this context, we investigate the processes of in/equality that these policies constitute. This paper aims to reflect on the implementation of Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Buenos Aires City, based on the case of Ciudadanía Porteña. We propose a path through its design and an analysis of its implementation, based on in-depth interviews with recipients, as well as considering the available official information and academic literature on the subject. It is concluded that its implementation involves and constitutes new inequalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Venezuelan social formation is characterized by its condition of oil exporter and the role fulfilled by the international oil rents. This paper seeks to discuss the relationship between oil rents, public fund and social policy during the recent history of Venezuela, marked since 1999 by the Bolivarian process. From a more general theoretical discussion on the public fund and social policy, it is sought to understand the specificity assumed in the recent period in Venezuela in view of the increase of available oil rents and the centrality attributed to the social question by the Bolivarian government. As a conclusion, we indicate the relation between the surplus working population and the oil rents as an important feature of the Bolivarian process as well as the presence of significant capital flight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines from a critical perspective the implementation of social policy in Chile in the areas of children and child sexual abuse, exploring the tensions emerging in the construction of the intervention in the professional devices involved in social mediation. The thesis sustained is based on the fact that there is an articulation of the social policy from a descending / ascending linear logic, which generates fragmentation and difficulties in promoting an active partenership among the various actors involved in the discussion-design-implementation-evaluation of social intervention process. At the same time, these difficulties weakens the professional teams abilities to translate the principles of the Convention of Childhood Rights into clear guidelines to collect the codes and meanings to enhance their impact on everyday life. The main contribution of this paper is to promote discussion around these issues in order to visualize its impact on the consistency of services delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reviews the conceptions of Jose Maria Bengoa on poverty. Firstly, the analysis takes into account the initial reflections of Bengoa on poverty published in his seminal work "Medicina Social en el medio rural venezolano" in 1940. In this publication, Bengoa presents his first interpretations on the characteristics of poverty, especially those associated with family income. In the next section, the paper analyzes the contents presented by Bengoa in a conference at USB in 1990. In the conference, Bengoa points out the relevant features of the evolution of poverty in the context of Latin America and Venezuela and proposes alternatives to improve the design of programs in this area of social policy. Finally, the paper presents major implications for action in the current social policy agenda in Venezuela [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even though the question on the need to reinforce the social dimension of the European project is definitely not a new one, the hard economic readjustments, the current political crisis and the growing disaffection amongst citizens towards the EU have rekindled the debate and require today an urgent response from the Union, which is today immersed in a deep reflection on its future and on the possibility of creating a Social Pillar. After a first analysis of the progressive evolution of the Union's social acquis, as well as of the European social rights and their limits, this paper will examine the different alternatives that are available for Europe to go further in the social field, either at the general EU-wide level or at the particular range of the European Economic and Monetary Union; assuming that the establishment of a European social model is a necessary and inevitable step to restore citizens' confidence in the integration project and to make Europe a real welfare state and an authentic social market economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present paper examines the policies carried out by Minister of Social Welfare, Francisco Manrique throughout the de facto presidencies of Generals Roberto Levingston (1970-1971) and Alejandro Lanusse (1971-1973). I argue that the social policies and strategies implemented by Manrique aimed at building the consensus needed in view of the government's forthcoming political openness, and at the same time were leaded by his veiled intention of launching his presidential candidacy for the elections that would take place in 1973. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the public issue of security in Argentine, focusing on changes in social policies and its relationship with the discussion about the "dangerous classes" during the period of 2000-2015. Using a qualitative methodological approach based in the "Grounded theory" we argue that a decline of the link between social crime prevention and workfare policies are related to the development of a new model of social security and his different relationship with poor or unemployed assistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study contributes to the debate on Statesociety relations in social development, proposing a theoretical typology of actors involved in the provision of public goods and services that allows to derive policy lessons. The proposed typology is then applied to a sample of non-governmental organizations collaborating in Chile. The results evidence the diversity of non-profit organizations (NPO) as well as relatively autonomous «social enterprises» and show critical issues on financing social services. The paper concludes that in Latin America there is an important margin of state action to create habilitating conditions for social enterprises that emphasize solidarity and relational capital. The results also suggest that the lack of sufficient, stable public financing, can threat the political-social autonomy of NPOs as well as the State's ability to guarantee of social rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]