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Introduction: An earlier review limited the analysis of the intake recommendations issued by the European Union until 2016, and therefore the "dietary reference values" for vitamin K, riboflavin, sodium and chloride were pending inclusion. The Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) published these values for both vitamins in 2017 and for both minerals in 2019, which are now included in this updated review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The blackberry is a fruit that is harvested in the Colombian Andes and is very popular with consumers for its intense flavor and its antioxidant properties. This fruit, mostly consumed processed due to its high degree of perishability. The objective of this work was to produce a functional blackberry juice. The juice formulations have blackberry pulp, sucralose, CMC gum, pectinase, sodium citrate, vitamin C and calcium citrate. The addition of calcium and vitamin C was made based on 20% of the recommended daily value (VDR) proposed in Resolution 333 of 2011 of the Ministry of Social Protection (Colombia). The results for the final product were for calcium 112,46 ± 10,877 mg/100 g and vitamin 263,38 ± 6,180 mg/L. A change was registered in the parameters a * and b * on the 18th day of storage. The pH (4,3) and the viscosity (590 cP) remained constant until 18 days of evaluation. In this way, a functional food is produced that can be classified as an excellent source of calcium and vitamin C, despite the degradation of the C showcase by applied thermal treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to evaluate the status of riboflavin, iron and vitamin A in a group of school children from Caracas, correlating biochemical, body composition and consumption data. The sample included 69 scholars aged 6 to 8 years whose socio economic status, food consumption patterns and adequacy as well as dietetic formulae were determined. Anthropometric measures were recorded and a blood sample was taken to determine hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasmatic concentrations of riboflavin by an enzymatic method, retinol by HPLC, iron by a colorimetric method and ferritin by ELISA. The scholars had a monotonous diet and the 4 most consumed food items were cereals. The diet resulted inadequate in vitamin A (48%), iron (39%), riboflavin (6%) and vitamin B6 (80%). Anthropometric evaluation showed an important percentage of recent undernutrition (19%), although most of the individuals had a nutritional anthropometric state and a body composition within normal ranges. Hematological determinations showed deficiencies of riboflavin (16%), retinol (57%), iron (67%) and anemia (14%). In conclusion, the diet was monotonous, deficient in calories, vitamin B6, vitamin A, proteins and iron and excessive in riboflavin, with inadequate anthropometric and body composition status. Data on consumption and diet adequacy correlated with results from hematological tests, while anthropometric data was not markedly affected, although there was a linear correlation between muscular and fat areas with energy, protein, fat, iron and riboflavin consumption [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A riboflavin-bovine serum albumin (GV-BSA) conjugate was prepared by the condensation reaction of the oxidation product of riboflavin (GV) with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and posterior reduction with sodium borohydride. This conjugate was semipurified by salting out and dialysis. Using ultraviolet spectrum, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrilamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and cellulose acetate electrophoresis the conjugate GV-BSA was identified. The appearance of two bands in both electrophoregrams suggests the formation of higher molecular weight material, indicating the covalent linkage between protein and the riboflavin (GV). GV-BSA conjugate immunogenic activity was also evaluated, F1 white semigigantic rabbits were immunized with this conjugate. Inoculations were performed by subcutaneous route injecting an initial dose of 150 µg of GV-BSA conjugate. Antibodies were detected according to the Ouchterlony double radial immunodiffusion technique. Antigen - antibody precipitation band was observed at a riboflavin concentration of 0,6 - 0,9 mg/mL. Results showed the production of specific antibodies against riboflavin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the application of Molecular Fluorescence (MF) and Differential Pulse Polarography (DPP) to estimate the total free riboflavin in fermentation broth, and evaluate the fermentative process. The methods applied are equivalent for Riboflavin concentration levels higher than 1 mg/mL and satisfactory recovery percentages are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]