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Mexico faces deep inequalities: the richest 10% concentrate 57.4% of the country's income and 78.7% of its wealth, while the poorest 50% have access to barely 9.2% of the income and lack significant wealth. Social inequality and poverty are closely linked. While inequality is not the only cause of poverty, it plays a significant role in perpetuating it. Addressing social inequality is essential to effectively combat poverty and build more equitable and fair societies. The infant mortality rate (IMR) is a key indicator, strongly influenced by structural factors such as poverty, which reflects avoidable, unnecessary and premature deaths, which can be prevented through individual and collective actions. The relationship between poverty and child health is well recognized, as poverty is associated with the worst outcomes in child health, particularly in infant mortality. In 2020, the distribution of infant mortality among the Mexican states was remarkably heterogeneous, with rates ranging from 6.1 to 20.5 deaths per 1,000 births. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the IMR and the percentage of people living in extreme poverty (r = 0.550), educational gap (r = 0.530), lack of access to health services (r = 0.547); and people with 3 or more social deficiencies (r = 0.520) was high and statistically significant; but the IMR is also moderately associated with poverty (r = 0.494) and lack of social security (r = 0.494). The nine entities with high or very high rates of infant mortality and extreme poverty were Chiapas, Guerrero, Mexico, Michoacán, Puebla, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Tlaxcala, and Yucatán. Although Mexico has managed to reduce its infant mortality rate, it is still much higher than the average for Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. To further reducing this rate, it is necessary to address poverty reduction, expand access to essential health services, improve prenatal and postnatal care, and strengthen preventive services, such as vaccination. A special program involving all health institutions and with adequate resources is required. It is crucial to prioritize actions in the nine most affected Mexican states. It is unacceptable that, in 2020, infant mortality in Oaxaca was more than three times higher than Nayarit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hidradenitis Suppurativa (HS) is a common, but understudied, chronic inflammatory skin disease in Colombia. This study analyzes the severity of symptoms, sociodemographic factors, and quality of life in 90 patients with HS. Materials and Methods: This is a multicenter, observational, and cross-sectional study conducted in 8 dermatology centers in Colombia. Results: 23.3% of patients were in Hurley stage I, 42.2% in stage II, and 34.4% in stage III. Obesity was the most common comorbidity (38.9%). The average time from the onset of symptoms to diagnosis was 64.6 months, and to the start of treatment was 1.7 months. Regarding quality of life, a statistically significant difference was found in the DLQI with respect to the Hurley severity index (p-value = 0.0056), in the utility index with respect to the Hurley severity index (p-value = 0.011), and in the EQ-5D-5L visual analog scale (EQ-5D-5L-VAS; p-value = 0.001). Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for early diagnosis and treatment for patients with HS in Colombia, and provide a valuable basis for enhancing physicians' understanding of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to describe the incidence rates per 100 000 population of foodborne disease (FBD) cases during the period 2015-2020 in Ecuador, we carried out a secondary analysis of epidemiological surveillance records and population projections from the National Institute of Statistics and Census. A total of 113,695 cases were reported with an incidence of more than 100 cases per 100 000 population (2015-2019). In 2020, the records are considerably lower than those reported in previous years. Most cases were reported as "other food poisoning". The highest incidence rates of FBD were found in the Amazon region. In general, there is a marked annual variability in the incidence of FBD according to the geographic regions of Ecuador. In con- clusion, FBD represent a public health problem in Ecuador. Comprehensive preventive strategies should be designed with special emphasis on the Amazon region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence of acute kidney injury during the first 7 days post-orthotopic liver transplantation and to identify factors associated with acute kidney injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, single-center analysis was conducted from 2018 to 2023, including patients undergoing liver transplantation. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were analyzed. Variables were evaluated in three multivariate linear regression models. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 45 patients were included from which 19 manifested acute kidney injury according to KDIGO criteria. In the preoperative univariate analysis, BUN, urea, MELD-Na score, intraoperative hypotension, time at Intensive Care Unit, and intrahospital stay days (6 vs 9) were statistically significantly associated with acute kidney injury. In the multivariate analysis, only preoperative MELD-Na score, intraoperative hypotension, and time at Intensive Care Unit remained statistically significantly associated with the development of acute kidney injury after orthotopic liver transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of acute kidney injury after orthotopic liver transplantation was lower than previously reported in Mexico and in international studies. Similarly, the main factors associated with acute kidney injury after orthotopic liver transplantation were preoperative MELD-Na score, intraoperative hypotension, and time at intensive therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction and objective: In the pediatric age group, vertigo is a less common condition compared to adults, likely underreported in prevalence. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of pediatric vertigo through literature review and meta-analysis. Method: Systematic searches were conducted in databases including PubMed, WoS, BVS, CARPHA, and EMBASE, following PRISMA guidelines. Epidemiological studies on vertigo in children aged 0 to 14 years were included. Bias risk was assessed using ROBINS-I scale. A qualitative analysis of vertigo causes from literature and a quantitative analysis of pediatric vertigo prevalence using SNS data up to April 2023 were performed. Statistical analysis and meta-analysis were conducted using JAMOVI, employing a 95% confidence interval and a randomeffects model. Results: Out of the 29 reviewed articles, 22 were analyzed, revealing a global prevalence of pediatric vertigo at 18.3% (95% CI: 5.1-31.5%). Diagnoses were categorized into three groups, with peripheral vertigo (66.74%) being prominent. Additionally, in Spain's SNS records, vertigo affected 0.72% of children under 14 years, with 4.77% of these cases belonging to the same age group. Discussion: Our study demonstrated that pediatric vertigo has a prevalence of 18.3%, with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) as the most frequent diagnosis. Although some studies show discrepancies in prevalence figures, our research emphasizes the complexity of diagnosing vertigo in children due to the diversity of etiologies. Conclusions: In our study, vertigo affects 18% of children under 14 years old, with peripheral vertigo being the main cause. Conditions like BPPV, Meniere's disease, and migraine are common. Due to study diversity, determining the exact prevalence is complex. These findings set a direction for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Cientifica de la Facultade de Veterinaria is the property of Universidad del Zulia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Enfermería Investiga: Investigaciin, Vinculación, Docencia y Gestiin is the property of Revista Enfermeria Investiga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A system of differential equations is presented to model the teaching-learning process of a person considering that there are relationships between the contents to be learned. A population dynamic inspired by a variant of the well-known SIR epidemiological model, with non-constant population, is used. Making an analogy with it, the classes of susceptible, infected and recovered are identified, with knowledge that can be learned, learned and forgotten, respectively. The algorithms that simulate the learning dynamics are presented and the data obtained from this process are compared with the numerical results of the proposed models. To do this, adjustments are made to their parameters, and their variations between the different model proposals are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the epidemiology and clinical features of a Colombian population from a single dermatological center. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2016 to July 2021. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were obtained from medical records of patients with rosacea. RESULTS: Out of 1010 patients, 807 (79.9%) were women. The most common subtype of rosacea was erythematotelangiectatic rosacea in 69.7% (n = 704) of cases. Phototype III was the most frequent, accounting for 35.8% (n = 362) of cases. Cardiovascular comorbidities were the most prevalent at 38% (n = 384). The most common dermatological comorbidity was seborrheic dermatitis, present in 15.2% (n = 154) of cases. There was a family history of rosacea in 15.8% (n = 160) of cases. CONCLUSIONS: This population exhibited different characteristics from those reported in the literature; the involvement of patients with higher phototypes was a noteworthy aspect. Most dermatological comorbidities have an inflammatory component, which could support the hypothesis of the presence of various systemic factors in the onset of the disease, in addition to the described genetic predisposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological data of patients with leprosy treated in the Dermatology Service of the General Hospital Dr. Manuel Gea González, in order to provide a reference on its incidence in a group of Mexican patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective, observational, descriptive and crosssectional study in which data were collected from the Hospital General Dr. Manuel Gea González, Mexico City, from 1990 to August 2023. RESULTS: A total of 117 patients with a diagnosis of leprosy were found. The most common age group was of 40 to 59 years (n = 59, 50.4%). A higher incidence was observed in men (n = 75, 64.1%), male:female ratio of 1.7:1. The most common variant of leprosy was lepromatous leprosy (n = 78, 66.6%). Mexico City was the location with the highest concentration of cases (n = 37, 31.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The data collected in this analysis contribute to the objective of knowing the frequency of leprosy cases in a referral hospital and by having verifiable data we will have a notion of the current problem in Mexico and thus try to participate in the Global Leprosy Strategy 2021-2030 that aims to further reduce the burden of this disease worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Acute appendicitis is a common condition, with a peak incidence between 10 and 20 years of age. Surgery is the preferred treatment and laparotomy appendectomy remains the standard, although the laparoscopic approach has shown fewer complications. The objective of this article was to characterize both the disease and the surgical treatment in Colombia, using data from official databases. Methods. The Integrated Information System for Social Protection (SISPRO) database of the Ministry of Health was accessed in February 2023. Data with diagnosis of apendicitis and with appendectomy between 2017 and 2021 were collected. Analysis was done by age, gender, and geographic location. Results. Between 2017 and 2021, 345,618 cases of appendicitis were diagnosed (51.8% females), with peak incidence at 15-20 years of age. A total of 248,133 appendectomies were performed, 16.7% by laparoscopy. The hospitals with most reported procedures were located in Bogotá, Yopal, Popayán, and Florencia. Mortality was 0.56% in men and 0.51% in women. Conclusion. Appendicitis is common, peaking at ages 10-19. Women are more likely undergo appendectomy due to other gynecological conditions. Access to appendectomy improves mortality. In these patients, 16% were laparoscopic, suggesting that more training and access to this technique is needed. This study contributes to the understanding of the epidemiology of appendicitis and appendectomies in Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 has been the very high morbidity and mortality cause worldwide that has also affected the health personnel due to the nature characteristic of its work, many times under insecure conditions and with infection risk. Objective: To characterize health workers affected by covid-19 according to clinical and sociodemographic variables. Method: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 114 health workers with COVID-19 belonging to José Martí Pérez Teaching Polyclinic was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, in 2021. To pick up the information the database of the Hygiene and Epidemiology Department was revised and surveys were elaborated. Results: There was a prevalence of the female sex (78.0 %), aged 30 to 59 (83.3 %). The personal history of hypertension was present in 46.5% of those affected. The loss of smell was the most frequent symptom (53.5 %). Pneumonia (14.9 %) and fatigue (37.7%) were the complication and sequel that prevailed. Doctors represented 50.0% in the occupational profile and the most frequent infection area was the polyclinic (36.8 %). Conclusions: The clinical and sociodemographic characteristics found in health workers with COVID-19 showed that this personnel is vulnerable, reason why biosafety measures should be strictly followed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: In May 2022, the first interhuman transmissions of monkeypox were detected in places different form the African endemic countries, no related to imported cases and without international travels. In addition, the first declared cases of this outbreak had a different epidemiology than the cases previously described in the literature. Objectives: epidemiological description of the cases diagnosed at Gómez Ulla Central Defense Hospital; compare the characteristics of our patients with those published by different official organizations; analyze the possible causes of the onset and subsequent decline of the outbreak. Material and methods: retrospective descriptive observational study of the cases of monkeypox treated at Gómez Ulla Central Defense Hospital, from the beginning of the outbreak until November 2022. Results: 23 cases were reported, all male, with a mean age of 34.4. All cases presented rash, in the genital and anal area (69.5 %), face (43.5 %), and upper and lower limbs (30.4 %). In addition, they presented fever (37.5 %) and adenopathies (21.7 %). 91.3 % declared previous risky sexual relations with other men. One patient presented complications that required hospitalization. All cases progressed positively. Conclusions: Our patients present characteristics similar to those published by different official organizations. The action of Public Health has been very important in controlling the outbreak. This outbreak highlights the importance of working along the concept of one health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enzootic Bovine Leukosis (EBL) is a viral disease that affects cattle and has a worldwide distribution, with national prevalences of 13.5-54.6%. Its symptoms can be imperceptible at first, but they manifest in different ways over time depending on the affected organ. The replication mechanism makes the virus virtually impossible to treat, affecting B lymphocytes and monocytes, which predisposes cattle to the incidence of opportunistic pathogenic agents and turns any type of secretion and excretion into a probable contagion factor. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of EBL and some risk factors in cattle from the high tropic of Boyacá, Colombia. Serological samples from 385 bovine specimens were taken, which were processed using the commercial SERELISA BLV Ab Mono Blocking kit. Prevalence was determined using the Epi Info statistical software, and determining factors were established, calculating the prevalence ratio to identify risk factors. An apparent prevalence (AP) of 19.72% was found. Females were more seropositive (19.94%) than males (14.29%), and the age group from two to four years showed the highest seropositivity for antibodies against the EBL virus (21.21%), followed by individuals aged more than four (20.63%) and animals under two years old (16.6%). Moreover, the Normande breed was the least seropositive (17.4%), while crossbreeds had a higher seroprevalence (22.22%). Although no variable was identified as a risk factor, it is crucial to pay attention to those that showed a significant statistical association, as they may influence the transmission of the virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canine brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by Brucella canis. Dogs can be infected by other Brucella species such as B. abortus, by ingestion of tissues or contaminated material from other animal hosts. The objective of the study was to identify the presence of B. abortus and B. canis, and to analyze the risk factors associated with Brucella spp. in canines from municipalities in northern Antioquia during 2019. 214 serum samples obtained from a neutering program sponsored by the Government of Antioquia were used. Immunochromatography and Rose Bengal tests were performed to detect the presence of antibodies against Brucella canis and B. abortus, respectively. 89 samples were randomly selected for detection of Brucella spp. DNA by PCR. A seroprevalence of 0% was obtained for B. canis, and 7% (15/214) for B. abortus. The positivity by PCR to Brucella spp. was 2.25% (2/89). Contact with bovine cattle, spend most of the time outside the house and have dirt floor inside the house were associated as risk factors. This study reports for Colombia the presence of B. abortus in dogs inside dairy production areas and suggests that dogs may participate as accidental or bridge hosts of B. abortus in epidemiologically active areas for Brucelosis, facilitating its dissemination and making eradication difficult in the national territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Burns constitute a public health problem that mostly affects developing countries [1,2]. In Panama, there is a burn unit for the management of adult patients, located in the capital city, and we do not have statistical data on these injuries in this population. Objectives: Through this retrospective descriptive study, we sought to generate the first database focused on the prevalence and characteristics of adult burn patients in Panama. Methods: We included 110 records of adults admitted to the Reconstructive Surgery Service of the Hospital "Dr. Rafael Hernández L." (HRRH) in Chiriquí, Panama with a diagnosis of "Burn" during the years 2016 and 2018, with emphasis on their demographic data, month of admission, mechanism of injury, degree of burn, percentage of total body surface area burned (SCTQ), in-hospital stay (EIH) and surgical approach. Results: A period prevalence of 16% was obtained. 39% of cases were reported in 2018. A median age of 42.5 years and a male: female ratio of 1.4:1 was recorded. The highest frequency of admissions was identified in January, followed by March and July (p=0.242). The most reported mechanism of injury was thermal energy (82.7%), the most common degree of burn was IIa (64.5%). In 70% of the cases, the percentage of SCTQ was less than 10%. Most of the cases had a HIE of less than 30 days, finding a statistically significant relationship between high percentages of SCTQ and a HIE of more than one month (p=<0.001). Sixty percent of patients did not receive surgical management. Conclusions: Adult burns represent an important percentage of the census managed by the HRRH Reconstructive Surgery service. Their frequency has increased over the years, with a predominance in the 41-50 age group and male gender. The most frequent burn profile was grade IIa with less than 10% of SCTQ. Higher percentages of SCTQ were related to EIH equal to or greater than one month. Most of the patients were managed with in-patient ward dressings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dengue is currently a concern in our country. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe in detail the clinical characteristics and epidemiological situation of dengue in Peru. Methodology: Studies reporting patients with dengue fever in different regions of our country were identified and qualitatively summarized. The protocol of this investigation was registered in the Prospective International Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database under the number CRD42024513895. An advanced search was conducted until February 18, 2024, in six databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Virtual Health Library, and Scielo. Observational studies and case reports were included. The results of the included articles were presented in tables and graphs. Results: The search results identified 545 articles, of which, after a rigorous selection process based on established criteria, 17 published between 1993 and 2023 were included. These studies covered 10 regions of Peru and included a total of 2310 patients diagnosed with dengue. Of the total, 43.68% (n = 1009) were female and 37.14% (n = 858) were male. Among the manifestations most frequently reported by patients were malaise, fever, headache, arthralgia, myalgia, retroocular pain, back pain, and rash/exanthema. In terms of outcome, the vast majority of patients managed to recover, while an unfortunate 1.73% (n = 40) died. Conclusions: The results presented provide a comprehensive view of the epidemiology of dengue and its clinical features in our country. These findings underline the urgent need to implement effective prevention and control strategies for this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Resistant arterial hypertension (RHTN) is defined as blood pressure (BP) that remains above the goal, in patients in whom taking three or more antihypertensive drugs has been confirmed. There is variability in the methodology and results of studies on the estimated prevalence of RHTN. Objective: To determine the frequency of RHTN in a healthcare network in Peru and its association with risk factors. Materials and method: 146 patients with essential hypertension were studied. Weight, height, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, glucose, creatinine, microalbuminuria, echocardiography were evaluated; adherence was assessed with the Morinsky-Green test and the risk of sleep apnea with the Berlin test. In patients with inadequate BP control, treatment was optimized until goals were achieved or treatment with three antihypertensives at optimal doses was reached. Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was performed to confirm the diagnosis of RHTN. Results: 8.3% (11 patients) met the RHTN criteria and their clinical characteristics were as follows: seven (63.7%) had a non-dipper circadian pattern on ABPM. Eleven (100%) had high cardiovascular risk, nine (81.8%) had metabolic syndrome, nine (81.8%) had a high risk of sleep apnea, and six (54.5%) had left ventricular hypertrophy. The multivariate logistic regression analysis only found a relationship between RHTN and the circadian BP pattern (OR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.2-7.07; p = 0.018). Conclusions: The prevalence of RHTN was 8.3%. A relationship was only found between RHTN and non-dipper circadian behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Peritonsillar abscess (PA) is the most frequent complication of acute tonsillitis. Given the discrepancies observed in the literature, we present a systematic review to analyse the prevalence of PA in our setting in relation to three epidemiological factors: age, gender, and climatology. Methods: A literature search was carried out on the influence of age, gender, and seasonality on PA. The databases used were PubMed, Cochrane, and Medline, without time restriction, following the PRISMA methodology. The registry was carried out by three independent reviewers during the month of October 2022. Results: After excluding duplicates, 289 articles were obtained, of which, after the screening detailed in the methodology, we selected 23 as part of the systematic review. Discussion: In most of the included papers, a predominance of PA in men is observed, with a male/female ratio varying from 1.16 to 3. The mean age of onset of PA varies, depending on the study, from 22 to 39 years. Although with disparate results, AP does not seem to have a seasonal predominance, without being able to rule out a certain climatic influence. Conclusions: AP is the most frequent complication of acute tonsillitis. In adults, it predominates in men. The mean age ranges between 22 and 39 years. It does not seem to show climatic preference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the leading cause of congenital infection worldwide, with a very high incidence rate in pregnant women. For this reason, the aim of the study was to identify the prevalence, risk factors and diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnant women. A bibliographic search of scientific articles published in the databases PubMed, SciELO, Springer, Google Scholar, VHL, Dialnet was carried out, connecting the keywords TORCH, cytomegalovirus, virus, pregnant women, neonates, AND, OR and NOT were also used. The results included a total of 51 articles in which it was found that the Asian continent had a rate of 0.22%-100% CMV infection, in the American continent it was 1.6%-96.9%, in Africa 6.9% was found. For diagnosis, enzyme-linked enzyme immunoassays or known by its acronym "ELISA" were highlighted. The most frequent risk factors were low socioeconomic status and living in rural areas. In conclusion, cytomegalovirus infection is higher in developing countries, due to poverty and living conditions, and thecin ELISA should be used as a standard for the diagnosis of this virus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The article "Connected Society: Perspectives on the Development of Evidence-Based Medicine in Surgery" highlights the importance of knowledge management in the field of surgery. It mentions that the advancement towards the information age has impacted medical practice, promoting the use of evidence-based medicine. The emergence of a new clinical model, evidence-based medicine, which seeks to base medical decisions on scientific evidence, is emphasized. The article also mentions the lack of scientific foundations in clinical decisions and the need to adopt evidence-based medicine. Effective knowledge management is essential to ensure accurate and relevant information in surgery and contribute to the continuous development of medicine. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista Argentina de Cardiología is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Cardiologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: To determine the epidemiology and clinical features of vitiligo in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective cohort from sample records of pediatric patients who attended consultation with the diagnosis of vitiligo from January 2016 to December 2020. Data analysis was performed with the SPSS program version 25. Frequencies were expressed in percentages for the description of qualitative variables, while the mean and standard deviation for the quantitative variables were estimated due to the normality of the data. RESULTS: Five hundred seventy-four patients with an average age of 8.7 years participated, the average age of onset of the disease was 8.47 years, the median time of evolution of the disease was 6 months, 50.5% were females and 49.5% were males; 56.4% presented non-segmental vitiligo and 43.6% segmental vitiligo; 27 patients had a positive family history for vitiligo; 7 patients associated emotional stress as a trigger and 7 of them traumatisms; 7 patients presented thyroid disease; 19.7% had other associated dermatoses. The most frequent associated dermatoses were acne, keratosis pilaris, atopic dermatitis and alopecia areata. CONCLUSIONS: A higher percentage of segmental vitiligo was found compared to other populations of children with vitiligo in other countries and compared with adults; the incidence of autoimmune diseases in the pediatric population was lower than reported in other series; these results can be reflected in a better prognosis of pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: One of the millennium challenges worldwide is to fight the advance of the human immunodeficiency virus/aids. Objective: To characterize the sick population with clinical onset of AIDS according to sociodemographic and epidemiologic variables. Methods: An observational and descriptive study was carried out, from 2017 to 2021, of 87 people diagnosed with clinical onset of AIDS in Santiago de Cuba province. In the statistical analysis, measures of central tendency and dispersion were used, as well as the distribution of absolute and relative frequencies; also, confidence intervals of 95% were computed for the proportions of selected variables. Results: The average age in the series was 42 years (79.3%), likewise, there was a prevalence of the male sex (91.9%), single as marital status (91.9%), working bond (72.4%), mixed race (52.8%) and black skin color (39.3%), and the urban origin (73.5%). The anal coitus was the main way of infection (84.0%), while the majority of the affected individuals of both sexes (65.2% in males and 66.7% in females) did not use condoms and homosexuality predominated among men (55.0%). Conclusions: The clinical onset of AIDS prevailed in young and single men, with working bond, among whom risky sexual behaviors were very significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Gaceta Médica de México is the property of Publicidad Permanyer SLU and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: During the XXVI Antarctic Campaign of the RV (Research Vessel) "Hespérides", a SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 outbreak was detected on board, which led to the ship returning to harbor and stopped the mission. Objectives: Describing the management of the COVID-19 outbreak on board the "Hespérides", the epidemiological characteristics and prevention and control measures carried out. Patients and methods: Retrospective, observational study over 55 crew members and 35 scientists while on board. Obtained data was analyzed from epidemiologic surveys and the swab samples by RAT (Rapid Antigen Test) and PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction). Results: The outbreak reached 34 of the 55 persons of the crew (Attack Rate 62%) and 16 of the 34 persons among the passengers (Attack Rate AR 46%), being symptomatic 75% and 100% of them, respectively. The average number of days to detect a positive from the last close contact, obtained a mean of 2,73 days CI 95% (1,88; 3,58), compatible with incubation period of the Omicron variant. Every symptomatic patient tested positive in RAT. Meanwhile, no asymptomatic patient tested positive in RAT and needed PCR testing for identification. The infected people stayed a mean of 10 days of quarantine. For the gross rate ratio without considering other variables, among the crew the risk of becoming positive was higher for men and sailors, no significant differences were found (p>0,05). Conclusions: The estimated incidence rate was quite high because of the close environment (62% of the crew). The implementation of outbreak preventive, control and management measures, minimized the impact on health and allowed the successful achievement of the mission; specially, vaccination, the application of the onboard developed decision support tools, reversal of isolation, confining the healthy ones, disembarking contacts with risk of infection and the procedure of finishing isolation for the infected cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a post timic T-cell neoplasia of poor prognosis and difficult management. It has been etiologically associated with Human Tlymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), a retrovirus that has been identified in endemic regions such as Japan, Western Africa, the Caribbean islands and South America. In Perú, it is estimated that 1-2% of the population carries the virus. The lifetime risk for an HTLV-1 carrier to develop ATLL is 5%. Given the endemicity of this infection in our setting and the poor overall prognosis of ATLL, there is a need for novel therapeutic strategies and preventive interventions. In this review, we explore the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of ATLL and its therapeutic options. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective: Pharyngotonsillar infections and their complications are very frequent, and their epidemiological characteristics vary from one country to another. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, age, gender and seasonality of patients admitted with tonsillitis (T), peritonsillar abscess (PT) and parapharyngeal abscess (PPA) in a tertiary hospital in Valladolid (Spain). Method: Retrospective study of 1339 patients admitted to HCUV between 2000 and 2021 for pharyngocervical infections (A, PA and PPA). Results: The mean age of patients admitted with A was 27.8 years, 35.5 years with PA and 47 years with PPA, this difference being statistically significant (p<0.001). Tonsillitis predominates in women (ratio: 1.26), and in men PA (ratio: 1.44) and PPA (ratio: 2.4). We found no significant relationship between the frecuency of these processes and the months of the year or climatic seasons. Discussion: The differences in gender, mean age and seasonality between A and PA generate controversy in order to understand the origin of PA and the possible influence of risk factors. There are few epidemiological studies published on PPA, whose incidence seems to be increasing, for unknown causes. Conclusions: A tends out in childhood, PA in young adults and PPA in older patients. Except for A and PPA in adolescents, which predominate in women, the rest of the pharyngo-cervical abscesses are more frequent in men. In the population studied, climate does not seem to be an important etiopathogenic factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the main cause of joint function impairment, impacting daily life activities. The goal of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological profile of patients treated in an outpatient unit specialized in non-operative OA treatment in a tertiary public institution. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed evaluating 577 patients with knee OA under pharmacological treatment between September 2014 and April 2019. The following epidemiological data were collected from medical records: sex, height and weight (to calculate body mass index), laterality, OA severity according to Ahlback classification modified by Keyes and Goodfellow, presence of articular crepitus and lower limb malalignment. Results: No difference was observed between the two groups regarding OA severity (p = 0.75), distribution by gender (p=0.90), presence of joint crepitus (p=0.57), laterality of OA involvement (p=0.89), presence of axis deviation of the lower limbs (p=0.75), nor history of previous treatments (p=0.46). Conclusion: We verified that the population of patients with knee OA under non-operative treatment is in its majority female, obese and age over 60 years old. Alhback grades I and III are preponderant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a study conducted in the province of Napo, Ecuador, on COVID-19 prevention interventions. 104 residents of the rural parish of Puerto Misahuallí were interviewed, and it was found that the main clinical symptoms reported by the patients were fever, dry cough, anosmia, and headache. Additionally, the presence of bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus was identified in sputum and pharyngeal swab samples. The most implemented measures by the interviewees to prevent the spread of the disease were the use of masks, the availability of alcohol at home, frequent handwashing, and protecting the mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing. [Extracted from the article]

Pyogenic cryptogenic liver abscesses (HA) have been called precursors of colorectal cancer (CRC). The importance of the relationship between these pathologies resides in the diagnosis and early treatment of cancer, so the investigation of the underlying causes of the development of cryptogenic liver abscesses is required. The objective of this review was to expose the studies that show the prevalence of AH as a preceding sign of CRC, from which a range of 1.9 to 13.9% was identified, according to studies of Asian populations. The location, number, and symptoms of AH did not show a specific relationship with the intestinal pathology, while diabetes mellitus and the presence of klebsiella pneumoniae were the incident factors in most CRC cases. One of the mechanisms identified was bacterial translocation from the altered intestinal wall, the pathogenesis of the microorganisms involved, and immunocompromised states. Together, these factors determine the development of liver abscesses as precursors of colonic neoplastic processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: chronic constipation is a functional gastrointestinal disorder with a considerable prevalence about which there are erroneous beliefs and perceptions. Objective: to establish the beliefs and perceptions of patients with chronic constipation about its etiology, its complications and the efficacy of general measures. Methods: a cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study was conducted in a universe of 49 patients with a diagnosis of chronic constipation at the "Felix Lugones Ramirez" General Hospital between 2020 and 2022. The variables age, sex, improvement with treatment, beliefs and perceptions were measured. Results: patients diagnosed with chronic constipation were mostly female (57.14%), with a mean age of 60.73 years, and 75.51% of patients experienced improvement with treatment. Constipation as a cause of colon cancer (46 patients) and hemorrhoids (41 patients) were the most prevalent beliefs and perceptions, while it is caused by not going to the bathroom every day (eight patients) were the least recognized belief and perception (or both). Conclusions: chronic constipation is a functional gastrointestinal disorder subject to multiple popular beliefs and perceptions that are not scientifically supported and that is widely related to the occurrence of hemorrhoids and colorectal cancer fundamentally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Española de Quimioterapia is the property of Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: The characterization of Zika outbreaks is of great importance to determine the individual and collective risk factors involved in their occurrence and is the basis for the development of effective strategies for surveillance, prevention and control of Zika transmission. Objective: To describe epidemiologically the main characteristics of the first epidemic outbreak of Zika recorded in Panama, in the Guna Yala region. Materials and methods: A descriptive and retrospective study of the first Zika outbreak that occurred between 27 November 2015 and 22 January 2016 in Guna Yala, Panama, was designed and conducted. Results: A total of 68 serum samples were collected from suspected patients, 38 samples were positive by PCR for Zika in the Guna Yala Comarca, Ustupo registered the highest number of cases (n = 29, 76.3%), (n = 43; 86%) of the cases were younger than 59 years, (n = 37; 74%) of the cases were economically active population (14 to 65 years of age) and (n = 30; 60%) of the cases were female. Conclusion: This study has shown the ease with which arboviral diseases such as Zika can be introduced, spread and have an impact on the public health of the population, the health system and become established in the regions where these health events occur. Further studies strengthened epidemiological surveillance and consideration of risk factors are needed to ensure the sustainability of health interventions and to reduce the social and economic impact of this arbovirosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]