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Wi-Fi technology is very relevant nowadays, as wireless communication has become a necessary part of our everyday life. Wi-Fi allows you to connect to the Internet on various devices, such as smartphones, tablets, laptops, TVs, and others. In addition, Wi-Fi technology is constantly evolving and improving. New technology standards, such as 802.11ax (Wi-Fi 6), allow for improved data transfer speeds and greater resistance to interference and interference. However, with the popularity of Wi-Fi technology comes a greater threat to network security. Therefore, it is important to improve security methods and encryption algorithms for Wi-Fi networks to ensure their safety and security. The study of vulnerabilities of Wi-Fi WPA2 and WPA3 wireless communication protocols is very relevant due to the fact that wireless networks are an integral part of the modern world. Since hacker attacks on wireless networks have become widespread, researching WPA2 and WPA3 vulnerabilities is very important for ensuring the security of Wi-Fi networks. After all, WPA2 and WPA3 protocol vulnerabilities can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access to the network and obtain sensitive information such as passwords and user data. This paper will cover such topics as the vulnerabilities of securing WIFI networks using WPA2 and WPA3, the main means of protection against attacks, and a comparative characterization of these two security methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper deals with the study of key features, main directions and basic consequences of steel smart productions' development in countries-leading metal producers. Its relevance is explained by the rapid advancements in emerging technologies in the world, which leads to the need for strategic transformation in the steel industry with an emphasis on the use of smart solutions and technologies. The paper revealed that the historical prerequisites for steel industry's smartization are that it has developed successfully throughout all industrial revolutions, and the metal is still and will remain one of the main structural materials. This process' relevance is associated with an efficiency increase of metal enterprises and the urge to meet modern requirements of counterparties. The latter is seen in the progressive development of the industry, as there is a danger of staying away from a number of advanced economic processes. The main goal of steel smart productions development is to increase the adaptability of the industry to dynamic changes in the external environment. It was determined that the core of smart steel industry development is its digitalization through smart solutions and technologies, such as the Internet of Things, smart devices, robots, artificial intelligence, big data, additive technologies, predictive analytics and so on. However, since the emerging technologies are developing and improving with high speed, the main task is to identify the basic points of application and directions of introduction of these technologies. Based on the study of features of smart technologies' implementation in the production, organizational, economic and social areas of steel enterprises, it was revealed in the paper that their fastest implementation occurs in the organizational and economic spheres, where the main direction is increasing the customization of the business model, the slowest one - in the production area, where the emphasis is on improving the efficiency of steel enterprises. The social sphere is distinguished by an average level of the rate of smartization and focuses on improving working conditions and safety and changing labor requirements. It is determined that the main positive consequence of the smartization of steel industry is an increase of resource efficiency and environmental friendliness; the negative consequences are a significant increase in cyber threats and employees' release in the short term. It seems more ambiguous the role of human in the production processes, which can lead to both: a reduction in errors, caused by the human factor, and a trigger of insufficient flexibility in response to force majeure situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economy & Forecasting / Ekonomìka ì Prognozuvannâ is the property of Ukrainian National Academy of Sciences, Institute for Economic Forecasting and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Despite the popularity of the term «innovation» in scientific researches of the XXI century there is no definition that would display the main properties of this category. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the essence of the notion of «innovation». The paper is devoted to the investigation of the main approaches to the notion of «innovation» consideration. The defining characteristics of this category were analyzed; the conditions of the transformation of a novelty into innovation were identified. The criteria of classification of the types of innovation, their peculiarities, advantages and disadvantages were determined. As a conclusion we give some recommendations for classification of innovation improvement and specify the category «innovative activity». We revealed that the views of scientists on the category of «innovation» are significantly different that can be explained by the specific of use of innovation, the particularity of the approach to the subject and object of research. We analyze the main features of the category and according to them specify the notion of «innovation» which can facilitate its scientific interpretation and practical using. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper gives the results of application of AE method in the case of monitoring and control of ammonia storage facilities in ammonia reloading shop, individual lines and apparatuses in ammonia production shop, and well as objects of air distribution station in water treatment shop. It is shown that the results of AE monitoring can be used at qualitative assessment of the state of thermal insulation coating. Schemes of AE transducer mounting on the object of AE monitoring and location array configurations are given. Selective results of AE monitoring of these facilities for the current year are given. 8 Ref., 8 Tabl., 15 Fig. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economy of Industry is the property of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of the Economy of Industry and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

One of the main barriers to enhancing innovation activities of the industrial enterprises of Ukraine is the lack of financial resources per se and their limited use for innovative purposes. Therefore, the primary objective, on the one hand, should be an increase of investment support of enterprises' innovative activity from all sources - own, borrowed and external - and, on the other hand, optimization of innovative expenditures' structure that has developed in enterprises of various types of industrial activity in order to ensure maximum economic returns. The aim of this paper is to analyze the correlation between the amount and components of expenditures on innovation activity and the total amount of innovative products, sold by industrial enterprises of Ukraine, and, according to the results of this analysis, to submit proposals for improvement of investment support of their innovation activity. In the paper, using correlation and regressive analysis the correlation between expenditures on innovation and the volume of innovative products, sold by industrial enterprises of Ukraine in 2015 and 2017, is investigated. It was hypothesized that the total amount of innovative products sold and their share, which is new to a market, as well as the number of innovative products, marketed abroad, depend on various types of investments in innovations. Correlation and regressive analysis revealed a different impact of components of investments in innovation on the amount and structure of innovative products sold, which confirmed the hypothesis of the study. It has been defined that the overall amounts of innovative products sold depend the most on the level of expenditures on purchasing of machines, hardware and software, as well as expenditures, related to the component "Others". The positive tendency of innovative products sold that are new to the market and which are sold to other countries are largely determined by the volume of expenditures on external R&D. Thus, by changing the structure of investment in innovation, an enterprise can significantly increase economic return, and, consequently, their level of competitiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern national innovation system (NIS) is formed under the influence of a number of factors, both national and global, among which the ecological one occupies an important place. The main manifestations of ecologization the global economy as an important determinant of the development of NIS are analyzed in the paper. It has been established that the high innovativeness of highly competitive economies is not guarantee of their environmental cleanliness. The ambiguity of the impact of environmental measures on the development of national systems in countries with different levels of well-being is proved. Possible strategies for economic growth based on priorities changing towards innovativeness and/or ecologization are formulated. The positive potential of the proposals is due to scientific validity increase of the targets for country's sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper identifies the leading role of digitalization and Industry 4.0 formation for economic development in modern conditions. It is emphasized that new digital technologies can help a united Europe to become more competitive. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic underlined the importance of economy’s digitalization and Industry 4.0 development. This also increased the risks to achieving Europe’s economic goals if the digital transformation is not carried out. The main declared provisions for the development of Industry 4.0 in the EU are given. It is determined that in fact these plans were not achieved before the economic downturn which was caused by the pandemic. An analysis of the impact of the COVID- 19 pandemic on EU macroeconomic indicators is proposed: the crisis has revealed the interdependence of global value chains and the value of Europe’s globally integrated Single Market. It is determined that in such conditions a new transition to a more digital and sustainable economic and industrial model in order to support and strengthen the EU’s desire for sustainable competitiveness has gained new meaning and relevance. The EU’s Multiannual Financial Plan for 2021-2027, has been analyzed. It aims to offset the economic and social damage caused by the coronavirus pandemic. Innovation, digital transformation, strategic infrastructure and the single market should be key to boosting the EU’s future growth. A large amount of budget funding of the European Union is aimed at economic recovery through the digital transformation and the formation of Industry 4.0. It is planned that this will help invest more in advanced digital skills and wider use of digital technologies in the economy and society, i.e. the formation of a base for Industry 4.0 further development. Although the effects of the pandemic on the EU economy are not yet fully visible, there is already a strategy to overcome them through the acceleration of innovation, the intensification of digital transformation and the development of Industry 4.0 in all EU countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the theoretical and applied principles of small innovative entrepreneurship and develop recommendations for policies to promote the establishment of innovative start-ups, taking into account the best foreign practices in the interests of endogenous development of Ukraine’s economy. It is shown that the vital link in the ecosystem of start-ups is an entrepreneur-innovator. It is justified that the state’s efforts to accumulate knowledge and human capital should be complemented by encouraging innovative entrepreneurship. It has been found that the integration of start-ups into social networks and their close connection with the external environment is crucial, as well as the qualities of the entrepreneur-innovator and his team to overcome the problems of “novelty vulnerabilities” and “minor vulnerabilities”. Authors demonstrate that in the conditions of limited assets and a highly competitive market environment, the most perspective direction of developing innovative start-ups is their establishment of symbiotic relations with reputable companies. Their dynamic interaction and complementary measures, on the one hand, will ensure the viability of start-ups, and on the other, they will strengthen the technological potential of the existing business. Paper reveals the peculiarities of the policy of innovative entrepreneurship in the OECD countries. Development of innovative start-ups is a systemic process in which the government creates favourable conditions for its participants and directly participates itself. The state acts as an entrepreneur-innovator, taking on the risks of innovation related to uncertainty, and at the same time plays a role a contractor who buys an innovative product of start-ups, created with financial assistance within budget programs. Such policy of assistance at all stages – from development to implementation and introduction to the market promotes endogenous economic development and strengthening its position in the world market. It is revealed that the legislation of Ukraine only fragmentarily mentions certain aspects of the functioning of entities that form the ecosystem of innovative start-ups, without combining them into a single structure. This complicates the formation and implementation of a purposeful state policy to create necessary conditions and mechanisms to stimulate innovative entrepreneurship. To address the shortcomings, the authors propose regulatory and institutional changes. Paper recommends developing essential documents: the draft Law of Ukraine “On technology-oriented start-ups” and the project “Strategy for the development of technology-oriented start-ups in the interests of innovative development of the Ukrainian economy”.

The article is aimed at studying the main changes in logistics during the wartime and, further on, generalizing innovative technologies in industrial logistics in the situation of wartime and concerning the post-war period of economic development of Ukraine, as well as developing proposals for improving the efficiency of their use from the standpoint of corporate relations and intellectual property. The authors’ own structural and logical scheme of the study on the topic «Innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises during the wartime and in the post-war development of the economy of Ukraine: corporate relations and intellectual property» in a general form is built, the material of the article is presented accordingly. The main changes in logistics that took place during the war of Russian Federation on Ukraine are highlighted. The importance of «innovative technology in the logistics of industrial enterprises» is substantiated from the standpoint of valuating the interests of all stakeholders. In the course of the study, the authors’ own interpretation of this category as new technologies that are created on the basis of the use of intellectual property rights and are able to satisfy the vital interests of all participants in corporate relations by means of applying them in the logistics of industrial enterprises is presented. The promising directions of application of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises in the conditions of wartime and in the post-war development of the national economy are generalized. It is noted that the current economy of Ukraine operates in the context of transformation of market relations in accordance with the requirements of the EU, one of which is the formation of the corporate sector for the effective use of pooled capital (both financial and non-financial). The indicators of receipt of applications for objects of property rights (OPR) and for inventions during the period of 2018–2022 are analyzed, the results of the carried out analysis have actualized the issue of motivation for the creation and introduction of the objects of intellectual property rights (OIPR) as a source of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises during the wartime and in the post-war development of the economy of Ukraine. The conceptual and logical scheme of creation and implementation of objects of intellectual property rights as a source of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial corporate associations is visualized on the basis of situational and integrated approaches. It is expected that the recommendations provided will improve the process of management of innovative technologies in the logistics of industrial enterprises, accelerate the restoration, modernization and development of corporate industrial associations, increase the level of satisfaction of vital interests of participants in corporate relations and of the population of Ukraine as a whole concerning both during the wartime and in the post-war development of the national economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article substantiates the importance and relevance of increasing problem of the performance and service life of babbitt sliding bearings (SB), which are the rotors supports of a large number of centrifugal pumps, compressors, turbines and other dynamic equipment operating at high operating parameters (speeds, loads and temperatures), as well as in conditions of corrosive, abrasive and other types of working environment's influence. The analysis of the babbitt SBs production technology and operating conditions showed that the reason for the decrease in their durability are factors that are formed both at the stage of manufacture and during operation. SB failure under normal operating conditions is a consequence of wear various types: cavitation, abrasive wear, damage due to plastic deformations, fatigue damage, etc. The antifriction layer wear resistance depends on the mode of operation and design of the bearing, the physical properties of the connection between the layer and the base, the rigidity of the shaft and the bed under the bearings. As established, the bearing anti-friction layer quality must be evaluated according to the following criteria: adhesion strength of the coating to the base, cohesive strength of the anti-friction layer, porosity, and homogeneity of the structure. As established, during the production of SBs, the formation by the method of electrospark alloying (ESA) of a copper intermediate layer, firmly bonded with steel substrate, and tin layer (formation of solid substitution solutions) and babbitt provides a stronger (by 35%) of adhesion, compared to traditional technology (steel 20 + babbitt), steel substrate with babbitt, as well as more intensive removal of heat from the friction zone. As determined, a new technology in which all operations are carried out by the ESA method can be a reserve for improving the babbitt coatings formation quality, which significantly affects the durability of the SB. As determined, in order to determine a more rational technology for applying babbitt coatings, it is necessary to develop a physically based mathematical model that relates the wear of a certain amount of babbitt to the frictional work spent on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the article is to analyse the latest findings regarding the advantages and prospects of online education with a projection on choreographic education. The research methodology is based on the use of a number of methods and approaches integrated from pedagogy, art history, social communications, and computer science. The use of general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and generalisation enabled to better understanding of the main directions of modern research on online education and its advantages. The scientific novelty of the study consists in substantiating the possibilities of online choreography learning, in particular with the use of digital technologies. Conclusions. Choreographic education does not often lend itself to technological innovations and is characterised by traditional individual or frontal group classes. However, the potential of new technologies to improve student achievement and learning – if used appropriately – has long been recognised. Information technology makes learning effective, attractive, inspiring, motivating, increases productivity and helps to consolidate and retain knowledge. That is, the usual learning space simply needs to be expanded with the help of digital technologies to create authentic and exciting learning projects even for the usual classes of choreographic students, especially when it comes to online learning, when digital didactics can take advantage of both physical natural interaction and immersion into a virtual environment. The use of virtual reality, computer games in synergy with traditional teaching methods can improve learning in terms of active listening, attention, and time, showing great potential in the educational field. Besides, in the conditions when the use of online education is necessary, one of the important factors for improving art education, in particular choreographic, can be focus on the common interests, needs, intentions of teachers and art critics. These comprise mutual support, exchange of ideas in virtual communities, transparency, equal access to developments, peer review, and collaborative work in online educational communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ukraine's European integration aspirations, granting our state the status of a candidate for EU membership, as well as the need for financial, technological, managerial, and other assistance from the EU, in particular in the post-war restoration of the field of research and innovation, actualize the task of accelerating its integration into European Research Area (ERA). The article aims to analyze the current stage of development of the European Research Area in the context of the new strategic goals of the EU and, considering this and the war conflict in Ukraine, to identify opportunities for expanding cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in the field of research and innovation, deepening its integration into the ERA as a source of post-war reconstruction, stabilization and advanced innovative development of the national economy. It is shown that the war unleashed by the Russian Federation against Ukraine led to the formation of a new normal in international scientific cooperation and served as a trigger for the development of a self-sufficient pan-European innovation ecosystem that would more closely connect science and industry and be able to solve global challenges. The essence of a new European Innovation Agenda is highlighted, in the implementation of which the central place is given to the European Research Area. An idea of the ERA and the main results of its implementation in the EU over twenty years are revealed. The features of the current stage of development of the ERA and its priorities in the context of the new strategic agenda of the EU are defined. An analysis was made of the fundamental documents that should guide the EU member states in the field of research and innovation -- a Pact for research and innovation and the ERA policy agenda for the period 2022-2024. The key features of the current program period of the EU development are identified. The article focuses on the main tools and initiatives aimed at bringing the EU closer to its strategic goals: smart specialisation strategies, mission-oriented innovation policy, Partnerships for regional innovations. According to the results of summarizing the initiatives in support of Ukrainian scientists and innovative entrepreneurs, introduced by the European Commission in response to the military aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine, taking into account the new strategic plans and goals of the EU in the context of global geopolitical changes, opportunities were identified and proposals were made to expand cooperation between Ukraine and the EU in research and innovation during the war and post-war periods. Their implementation will make it possible to increase Ukrainian presence in the ERA as a condition for ensuring its post-war innovative growth and prosperity for the long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article defines the prerequisites for ensuring the organizational capacity of Ukrainian farms for digital innovations in the post-war period. It has been established that the demand for agricultural products in Ukraine and the world is growing due to the increase in individual consumption, but climate change, financial crises, pandemics and martial state cause obstacles to its satisfaction. Digital innovations have been proven to be an important part of the global supply chain for manufactured goods, but agriculture remains one of the least digitized industries that is not ready to innovate with digital technologies. The most promising digital technologies that should be implemented at the level of Ukrainian farms in the post-war period have been identified: cybernetics, big data, sensors and robotics. The criteria for organizational capacity to implement digital innovations in farming have been identified: technologies for automating information processing; functional affiliation of technologies; IT support for coordination, communication and integration in new conditions; flexible, standardized processes that allow the inclusion of new technologies in production and economic activity; positive attitude and perception of digital technologies; formation of teams for sustainable development; constant training for new informational challenges; client-oriented project management, quality assurance and facility design; ensuring the management of the development and implementation of a wellthought- out business strategy consistent with practice; leadership of IT views in all areas of farming. Reasonable factors affecting readiness for digital innovations of farms in Ukraine: management system of farm owners; external opportunities; strategy; resource provision. There is a need to provide training among farmers to ensure that farms investing in digital technologies are able to use their benefits and maintain a positive attitude towards such technologies. The measures of the state regarding the acquisition of knowledge by farms in the field of digital innovations and their implementation directly into production processes have been presented by: centralizing knowledge about digital technologies in the relevant database and forming an innovation network that is easily accessible to farms; providing an objective overview of innovations with the help of digital technologies to make farmers aware of their complexity and priority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reveals that the anthropogenic impact on the environment in Ukraine, including land resources, is constantly increasing. Modern use of Ukraine's natural resources does not meet the requirements of rational nature management – the proportion of the plowed land in Ukraine is the highest in the world. Limited and irregular systematic data on the state of soils does not contribute to effective activities in industries that use soil as the main mean of production. Much time has passed since the period of continuous soil survey in Ukraine, so its' data is outdated. Therefore, there is a need for a new survey using modern methods and methodologies, innovative technologies and devices for monitoring the condition of soils, including the use of remote sensing. Ukraine has a multi-level system of environmental monitoring in all natural and geographical areas, taking into account various forms of anthropogenic impact; the state system of environmental monitoring is an integral part of the national information infrastructure compatible with similar systems of other countries; environmental monitoring is carried out at four levels: local, regional, national and global; the current system of environmental monitoring in Ukraine uses various methods and criteria for assessing the state of the environment, including soils, environmental monitoring is carried out irregularly; there is no normative-legislative base of the newest organizational and information technologies application to ecologically balanced nature use,including landuse. To improve the process of environmental monitoring in Ukraine, it is proposed to introduce a system of public administration in this area, which includes the following stages:goal setting, establishing a form of government, improving regulations and laws on soil monitoring. The introduction of the relevant system will allow to systematize and coordinate the activities of public authorities, use the same methods and criteria for assessing the state of the environment, including soils, direct agreed decisions to local authorities,enterprises,farmers, NGOs and the publicity [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Problems of Economy is the property of Research Centre for Industrial Developmen Problems of Nas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Problems of Economy is the property of Research Centre for Industrial Developmen Problems of Nas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Financial & Credit Activity: Problems of Theory & Practice is the property of University of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Socio-Economic Problems & the State / Socìalʹno-Ekonomìčnì Problemì ì Deržava is the property of Academy of Social Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Food Industry Economics / Ekonomìka Harčovoï Promislovostì is the property of Odesa National University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)