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2. O Brother, Where Start Thou? Sibling Spillovers on College and Major Choice in Four Countries. CEP Discussion Paper No. 1691
- Author
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London School of Economics and Political Science (United Kingdom), Centre for Economic Performance (CEP), Altmejd, Adam, Barrios-Fernández, Andrés, Drlje, Marin, Goodman, Joshua, Hurwitz, Michael, Kovac, Dejan, Mulhern, Christine, Neilson, Christopher, and Smith, Jonathan
- Abstract
Family and social networks are widely believed to influence important life decisions but identifying their causal effects is notoriously difficult. Using admissions thresholds that directly affect older but not younger siblings' college options, we present evidence from the United States, Chile, Sweden and Croatia that older siblings' college and major choices can significantly influence their younger siblings' college and major choices. On the extensive margin, an older sibling's enrollment in a better college increases a younger sibling's probability of enrolling in college at all, especially for families with low predicted probabilities of enrollment. On the intensive margin, an older sibling's choice of college or major increases the probability that a younger sibling applies to and enrolls in that same college or major. Spillovers in major choice are stronger when older siblings enroll and succeed in more selective and higher-earning majors. The observed spillovers are not well-explained by price, income, proximity or legacy effects, but are most consistent with older siblings transmitting otherwise unavailable information about the college experience and its potential returns. The importance of such personally salient information may partly explain persistent differences in college-going rates by geography, income, and other determinants of social networks.
- Published
- 2020
3. Private Schools in American Education: A Small Sector Still Lagging in Diversity. Working Paper
- Author
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Civil Rights Project / Proyecto Derechos Civiles, Center for Civil Rights Remedies (CCRR), Ee, Jongyeon, Orfield, Gary, and Teitell, Jennifer
- Abstract
Private schools have a long and important tradition in U.S. education and have been the focus of a great deal of political controversy in recent years. There is deep division among Americans over the desirability of using public funds to finance vouchers for private education--an issue that has become the leading educational goal of the Trump Administration. Surveys of the public show that substantial majorities of Americans do not favor voucher policies, yet these efforts have long been supported by significant shares of the public, the religious groups that operate nonpublic schools, and leaders of one of our national parties. This deep division is reflected in the extraordinary differences among the states in their adoption of voucher policies over the past two decades. Examining these differences, along with data on national and regional trends in private education, provides a useful framework for considering the relationship between private school enrollment and the impact of voucher policies. This working paper explores how the size and share of private education has changed in the U.S. over two decades, from 1995 to 2015-16 (the most recent federal data), along with how the students are divided among different kinds of private schools: secular, Catholic, and non-Catholic religious schools. It also examines the racial composition of these schools, providing key data for evaluating the civil rights dimension of private schooling and voucher policies. The civil rights questions concern how well private schools serve students of color, what kinds of schools these students attend, how segregated they are, and whether students of color are getting a major share of the growth of private schools in the areas they are growing, especially in the South. Key findings of the report include: (1) Student enrollment in private schools peaked in 2001 and has moderately declined over the past fifteen years. In 2015, private schools served 9 percent of the nation's students and accounted for 28 percent of the nation's schools; (2) Private schools seem to compete with charter schools. Since its appearance a decade ago, the growth of charter schools is noticeable. In 2015, private schools serve 4.9 million students while charter schools enroll 2.7 million students; (3) The 2015 racial composition of private school enrollment was 68.6% white, 9.3% black, 10.4% Hispanic, 6.9% Asian. The student body of public schools differed substantially from private schools, comprising 48.7% white, 15.2% black, 26.3% Hispanic, and 5.4% Asian students; (4) Private school enrollment rates among white students have not changed over time--one in eight white students in the nation attend private schools. Meanwhile, private school attendance rates among non-white students have slightly declined. As of 2015, 5.6 percent of blacks, 3.8 percent of Hispanics, and 11.3 percent of Asians in the nation are enrolled in private schools; (5) Students from low-income families are underrepresented in private schools, accounting for 9% of the private school student body. The secular sector in particular has the smallest percentage of poor students: 5.4%. In public schools, poor students make up more than 50% of student enrollment; (6) White students are overrepresented in private schools, making up 69 percent of private school enrollment; they comprise 51 percent of total enrollment of school-aged population in the country. African American and Hispanic students are severely underrepresented in private schools. The latter comprise over 25 percent of students in the public sector but only 10 percent of students in private schools; (7) The South has seen an 11% increase in the number of private schools--non-Catholic religious schools in particular--over the past two decades unlike other regions in which private schools have declined over years; (8) The number of Catholic private schools and Catholic school enrollment have decreased over the past two decades in the Northeast and Midwest in particular. Enrollment in nonCatholic religious private schools and secular private schools has grown during the same period. The growth of non-Catholic religious schools stands out in the Northeast and the South in particular; (9) The South has the largest number of schools for both private and public sectors, which account for one third of the country's schools. Given the number of schools for both private and public systems, private schools are most overrepresented in the Northeast; (10) Black and Hispanic private school students on average experience more diversity compared to their peers in public schools. White students are the most isolated group in terms of intergroup contact, and white students in the non-Catholic religious sector across regions have the most limited intergroup experiences, typically attending schools with large white majorities; and (11) The secular sector has seen the largest increase in diversity over time compared to Catholic and non-Catholic religious schools, although the level of diversity does not reach the same level of public schools.
- Published
- 2018
4. Benchmarking Alumni Relations in Community Colleges: Findings from a 2015 CASE Survey. CASE White Paper
- Author
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Council for Advancement and Support of Education and Paradise, Andrew
- Abstract
Building on the inaugural survey conducted three years prior, the 2015 CASE Community College Alumni Relations survey collected additional insightful data on staffing, structure, communications, engagement, and fundraising. This white paper features key data on alumni relations programs at community colleges across the United States. The paper compares results from 2015 and 2012 across such areas as the structure, operations and budget for alumni relations, alumni data collection and management, alumni communications and engagement strategy, as well as fundraising activities with alumni. The latest snapshot from community colleges across the United States shows that alumni relations has made progress. Survey questions are appended. [For the prior White Paper, "Benchmarking Alumni Relations in Community Colleges: Findings from a 2012 CASE Survey. CASE White Paper," ED571308.]
- Published
- 2016
5. Persistence Patterns in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs). CEPA Working Paper No. 15-09
- Author
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Stanford Center for Education Policy Analysis (CEPA), Evans, Brent J., Baker, Rachel B., and Dee, Thomas
- Abstract
Using a unique dataset of 44 Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), this paper examines critical patterns of enrollment, engagement, persistence, and completion among students in online higher education. By leveraging fixed-effects specifications based on over 2.1 million student observations across more than 2,900 lectures, we analyze engagement, persistence, and completion rates at the student, lecture, and course levels. We find compelling and consistent temporal patterns: across all courses, participation declines rapidly in the first week but subsequently flattens out in later weeks of the course. However, this decay is not entirely uniform. We also find that several student and lecture-specific traits are associated with student persistence and engagement. For example, the sequencing of a lecture within a batch of released videos as well as its title wording are related to student watching. We also see consistent patterns in how student characteristics are associated with persistence and completion. Students are more likely to complete the course if they complete a pre-course survey or follow a quantitative track (as opposed to qualitative or auditing track) when available. These findings suggest potential course design changes that are likely to increase engagement, persistence, and completion in this important, new educational setting.
- Published
- 2015
6. Demographic Subgroup Trends for Various Licit and Illicit Drugs, 1975-2009. Monitoring the Future Occasional Paper Series. Paper 73
- Author
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University of Michigan, Institute for Social Research, Johnston, Lloyd D., O'Malley, Patrick M., Bachman, Jerald G., and Schulenberg, John E.
- Abstract
This occasional paper serves as a supplement to one of four annual monographs from the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, written by the study's investigators and published by the study's sponsor, the National Institute on Drug Abuse. The full 2009 survey results are reported in "Monitoring the Future National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975-2009: Volume I, Secondary School Students". That monograph contains a description of MTF's design and purposes, as well as extended reporting on substance use of all kinds and a number of related factors such as attitudes and beliefs about drugs, age of initiation, non-continuation of drug use, relevant conditions in the social environment, history of daily marijuana use, and use of drugs for the treatment of ADHD. Appendix D of Volume I contains tabular data on trends in drug use for various demographic subgroups for each of the many drugs under study. The present occasional paper presents those subgroup trends in "graphic" form, because graphic presentations are much easier to comprehend. The graphic presentations have not been included in "Volume I" due both to their length and the cost of printing them in color. Trend data are presented for 12th-grade respondents beginning with 1975, the first year in which a nationally representative sample of high school seniors was surveyed. Trend data for 8th and 10th grades are presented beginning with 1991, when those grade levels were added to the study design. The numerical information upon which these graphics are based is contained in the relevant appendix D tables of Volume I. Detailed definitions of the demographic categories are given in appendix B of that volume. For the reader's convenience, both appendix B and appendix D have also been included in this occasional paper. (Contains 258 figures and 1 footnote.)
- Published
- 2010
7. Benchmarking Alumni Relations in Community Colleges: Findings from a 2012 CASE Survey. CASE White Paper
- Author
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Council for Advancement and Support of Education, Paradise, Andrew, and Heaton, Paul
- Abstract
In 2011, CASE founded the Center for Community College Advancement to provide training and resources to help community colleges build and sustain effective fundraising, alumni relations and communications and marketing programs. This white paper summarizes the results of a groundbreaking survey on alumni relations programs at community colleges across the United States and Canada. The purpose of the survey was to help community college staff members benchmark their experiences and programs in alumni relations with their peers. The survey was conducted by the CASE research office in conjunction with CASE's Center for Community College Advancement. Survey questions are appended. [For the follow up White Paper, "Benchmarking Alumni Relations in Community Colleges: Findings from a 2015 CASE Survey. CASE White Paper," see ED571307.]
- Published
- 2013
8. The Value of Smarter Teachers: International Evidence on Teacher Cognitive Skills and Student Performance. Program on Education Policy and Governance Working Papers Series. PEPG 14-06
- Author
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Harvard University, Program on Education Policy and Governance, Hanushek, Eric A., Piopiunik, Marc, and Wiederhold, Simon
- Abstract
Differences in teacher quality are commonly cited as a key determinant of the huge international student performance gaps. However, convincing evidence on this relationship is still lacking, in part because it is unclear how to measure teacher quality consistently across countries. We use unique international assessment data to investigate the role of teacher cognitive skills as one main dimension of teacher quality in explaining student outcomes. Our main identification strategy exploits exogenous variation in teacher cognitive skills attributable to international differences in relative wages of nonteacher public sector employees. Using student-level test score data, we find that teacher cognitive skills are an important determinant of international differences in student performance. Results are supported by fixed-effects estimation that uses within-country between-subject variation in teacher skills.
- Published
- 2014
9. Experiments in Political Socialization: Kids Voting USA as a Model for Civic Education Reform. CIRCLE Working Paper 49
- Author
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McDevitt, Michael and Kiousis, Spiro
- Abstract
This report describes how an innovative curriculum promoted the civic development of high school students along with parents by stimulating news media attention and discussion in families. Evidence is based on a three-year evaluation of Kids Voting USA, an interactive, election-based curriculum. Political communication in the home increased the probability of voting for students when they reached voting age during the 2004 election. Thus, the interplay of influences from school and family magnified curriculum effects in the short term and sustained them in the long term. This bridging of the classroom with the living room suggests how Kids Voting offers a model for reforming civic education in the United States. Data are derived from a series of natural field experiments, beginning with interviews of 491 student-parent pairs in 2002. The authors evaluate the curriculum as it was taught in the fall of that year in El Paso County, Colorado, with Colorado Springs as the largest city; Maricopa, County, Arizona, which includes the Phoenix region; and Broward/Palm Beach counties, Florida, the epicenter for the ballot-recount saga of 2000. Students who were juniors or seniors in 2002 were interviewed in the fall/winter of 2002, 2003, and 2004. They were all of voting age by the fall of 2004, allowing the authors to determine whether participation in the curriculum in 2002 affected turnout in the presidential election two years later. The authors also interviewed one parent from each family each year. The voting records in the four counties were examined to provide a definitive assessment of whether the curriculum increased the likelihood of voting. Finally, the panel survey data was supplemented with qualitative insights obtained from focus group interviews. An appendix provides: (1) Electoral Contexts; (2) Data Collection Procedures; (3) Item Wording & Coding for All Measures; and (4) three supplemental tables. (Contains 7 tables and 7 figures.) [This Working Paper was produced by CIRCLE (The Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement). For CIRCLE Working Paper 48, see ED494024.]
- Published
- 2006
10. The Changing Child Population of the United States: Analysis of Data from the 2010 Census. KIDS COUNT Working Paper
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Annie E. Casey Foundation and William O'Hare
- Abstract
This paper explores the nation's changing child population based on data from the 2010 census. While the number of U.S. children increased only slightly, the demographic shifts within the population were considerable. Some areas of the country (Nevada and Texas) and some demographic groups (including children of mixed race) grew significantly, while the number of children in other areas (Vermont and New York) and in other groups (such as non-Hispanic whites) declined. Appended are: (1) State Changes in Child Population 1990, 2000, and 2010; and (2) Distribution of Children (under age 18) by Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010. (Contains 16 tables, 3 figures, 1 chart and 30 endnotes.)
- Published
- 2011
11. Do Vouchers and Tax Credits Increase Private School Regulation? A Statistical Analysis. CATO Working Paper
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Cato Institute and Coulson, Andrew J.
- Abstract
School voucher and education tax credit programs have proliferated in the United States over the past two decades. Advocates have argued that they will enable families to become active consumers in a free and competitive education marketplace, but some fear that these programs may in fact bring with them a heavy regulatory burden that could stifle market forces. Until now, there has been no systematic, empirical investigation of that concern. The present paper aims to shed light on the issue by quantifying the regulations imposed on private schools both within and outside school choice programs, and then analyzing them with descriptive statistics and regression analyses. The results are tested for robustness to alternative ways of quantifying private school regulation, and to alternative regression models, and the question of causality is addressed. The study concludes that vouchers, but not tax credits, impose a substantial and statistically significant additional regulatory burden on participating private schools. Appendices include: (1) Quantifying Private School Regulation; (2) Multilevel Regression Results; (3) Robust OLS Regression Results; and (4) Robustness Testing. (Contains 3 figures, 15 tables and 34 endnotes.)
- Published
- 2010
12. Loans for Vocational Education and Training in Europe. Research Paper. Number 20
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Cedefop - European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training
- Abstract
This report reviews the use of loans for learning in 33 European countries and analyses the schemes in eight selected Member States: France, Hungary, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Finland, Sweden and the UK. The analysis shows that loan schemes vary considerably across Europe in terms of types and levels of learning covered, conditions of access, repayment and governance. Some loans aim to increase participation in learning in general, while others are designed to promote equity. The report attempts to assess the selected loans and discusses their strengths and weaknesses and determinants of performance, while considering if a given scheme operates on a large scale or targets niche groups. The evaluation results provide a basis for identifying good practice principles for designing and implementing loans. Policy recommendations are formulated based on these findings. Annexed are: (1) Methodology; (2) Key terms and definitions; (3) Information on countries/schemes selected for in-depth analysis; (4) Proposed typologies of VET loan schemes; (5) Tables and figures; (6) Tosmana truth tables; (7) Questionnaires; (8) Basic characteristics of non-European loan schemes. (Contains 37 tables, 5 figures, 20 boxes and 33 footnotes.)
- Published
- 2012
13. Civic Measurement Models: Tapping Adolescents' Civic Engagement. CIRCLE Working Paper 55
- Author
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Flanagan, Constance A., Syvertsen, Amy K., and Stout, Michael D.
- Abstract
The goal of this project was to produce a set of civic measures with sound psychometric properties appropriate for use with young people ages 12-18. Measures selected tap aspects of adolescent civic behaviors, opinions, knowledge, and dispositions. The measures are easy to administer and can be used by educators, staff of community-based organizations, program evaluators, and scholars. The data used to derive the civic measures were gathered from two waves of surveys with 1,924 students ages 12-18 from 88 social studies classes in the Northeastern United States. These data were collected during the 2004 election campaign with the pre-survey occurring 4-6 weeks prior to the election and the post-survey occurring 4-6 weeks after the election. All constructs in the report are based on student self-assessments. It is also important to highlight the future orientation of many of the items in the constructs. Several of the questions ask students to estimate the likelihood that they will engage in various community and political activities after high school. Other items ask students to rate their perceived ability to respond to a hypothetical scenario. The constructs were created by either calculating the mean score of the individual items or by summing the frequency. In this project summary, authors note the psychometric properties of constructs, item stems, response formats and, where appropriate, the sources from which items in scales were derived or adapted. The constructs included in this report were evaluated both for face and measurement validity: constructs were created so as to maximize the meaning of the scale and the statistical reliability. (Contains 2 endnotes and 1 figure.) [This report was produced by the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (CIRCLE).]
- Published
- 2007
14. Does Inequality in Skills Explain Inequality of Earnings across Advanced Countries? NBER Working Paper Series.
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National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA., Devroye, Dan, and Freeman, Richard
- Abstract
The question of whether inequality in skills explains inequality of earnings across advanced countries was examined through a review of data from the International Adult Literacy Survey (IALS), which examined the prose, document, and quantitative literacy skills of adults in 12 member countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. In all countries, jobless individuals tended to have lower skill levels than workers. The distribution of earnings and the distribution of skills varied widely among advanced countries, with the major English-speaking countries, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada, having much greater inequality in both earnings and skills than continental European Union countries. According to data from the IALS, skill inequality explains only approximately 7% of the cross-country difference in earnings inequality. The dispersion of earnings in the United States was found to be larger in narrowly defined skill groups than was the dispersion of earnings for European workers overall. In the United States, IALS test scores rose substantially with movement up the income scale, with the increase in scores averaging 17 points per income quintile. The bulk of cross-country differences in earnings inequality were found to occur within skill groups rather than between them. (The bibliography contains 20 references. Twelve tables/figures are included.) (MN)
- Published
- 2001
15. Communicating Career Education: National and Regional Models. The Northwest Connection Occasional Paper Series, Issue 1, September 1979.
- Author
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Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. and Druian, Greg
- Abstract
This first in a series of three papers on models for communicating and disseminating career education programs covers national and regional models. Focus is on four levels of dissemination: spread, exchange, choice, and implementation. First, common mechanisms for spread are described, such as newsletters, brochures and materials packets, handbooks/guides, catalogs and sourcebooks, and journal articles. Next, two types of exchange models are described, including examples: (1) service agency-client model and (2) a model involving a person in a linkage role. Then follows a discussion of choice in which a guide to regional and national models for disseminating career education is presented. This guide covers thirty-two organizations and for each includes project name, contact person and address, mode of access, and communication services. Finally, the paper discusses implementation strategies for career education, such as training, technical assistance, conferences and regional meetings, and peer interaction strategies. (EM)
- Published
- 1979
16. Communicating Career Education: Business, Industry, Labor and Government Models. The Northwest Connection Occasional Paper Series, Issue 3, March 1980.
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Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. and Druian, Greg
- Abstract
This last in a series of three papers on models for communicating and disseminating career education programs highlights models used in four sectors, i.e., business, labor, industry, and government. Focus is on four levels of dissemination: spread, exchange, choice, and implementation. First, the differences in the networks represented by each of the four sectors are covered. Next, the aforementioned levels of dissemination are covered consecutively and include examples of how business, industry, labor, and government are using each level of dissemination to cover career education. Finally, the paper concludes with suggestions regarding the future of disseminating career education. (EM)
- Published
- 1980
17. Communicating Career Education: State Models. The Northwest Connection Occasional Paper Series, Issue 2, November 1979.
- Author
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Northwest Regional Educational Lab., Portland, OR. and Druian, Greg
- Abstract
This second in a series of three papers on models for communicating and disseminating career education programs highlights selected state models. Focus is on four levels of dissemination: spread, exchange, choice, and implementation. First, several spread mechanisms utilized by states to disseminate career education information are covered. Then follows a presentation of varied examples of state information and resource exchange centers. Next, choice mechanisms utilized by some states are discussed. Finally, the implementation strategies used by several states are described, such as networks, training programs, and peer interaction. This paper includes a table listing thirteen states and for each includes the names and addresses of the project contact person and career education coordinator; and the available dissemination services. (EM)
- Published
- 1979
18. A Comparative Study of Sabbatical Leave Practices in Selected Commonwealth and U.S. Universities. Paper No. OIR-30.
- Author
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McMaster Univ., Hamilton (Ontario)., Booth, Sheelagh C., and Higbee, Eliot C.
- Abstract
Sabbatical leaves are viewed as being essential to the ongoing nature of a self-renewing community of scholars. This study was undertaken to provide data on current use of sabbatical leave plans in universities in several countries - Canada; the United States; England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales; Australia, and New Zealand - to provide useful information for possible revision of leave plans. Sixty-six universities were surveyed by means of a questionnaire and the results revealed similarities among the four groups of countries regarding the length of service prior to leave (generally 6 years); differences among the four groups, including the use of retraining leaves as a form of sabbatical; salary paid during regular sabbatical leave; and travel expenses. The conclusions drawn from the data are that Canadian leave plans are not nearly as uniform as those in United States universities; Canadian plans have become more formalized and better documented since 1969; salary paid for full-year leaves in Canadian universities has improved since 1969 and is now substantially better than in the United States, but not as good as in Australia and New Zealand; and participation rates in all countries appear to be higher than those reported prior to 1965 by Ingraham. (JMF)
- Published
- 1974
19. Identifying Work Skills: International Case Summaries. Support Document
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National Centre for Vocational Education Research (NCVER) (Australia) and Siekmann, Gitta
- Abstract
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 35 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade. The Organisation for works with countries to develop skills strategies tailored to specific needs and contexts. The Organisation prepared a global skills strategy outline over the period 2011 to 2013. Each national skills strategy country project offers a tailored approach to focus on the unique skills challenges, context and objectives of each country. Each project leverages OECD comparative data and policy analysis, fosters collaboration across ministerial portfolios and levels of government while engaging all relevant stakeholders--employers, trade unions, and civil society organisations. In its paper "Towards an OECD Skills Strategy" (OECD 2013), the OECD sets out the main issues which must be addressed by efficient and effective policies for skills formation and skills use. The majority of material in each of the 13 case summaries presented here has been lifted mostly verbatim from original sources. These sources are stated at the beginning of each case summary. [This document is an added resource for the report "Identifying Work Skills: International Approaches. Discussion Paper" which can be accessed in ERIC at ED579874.]
- Published
- 2017
20. Too Many Printers—Too Little Paper.
- Author
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ODA, STEPHANIE
- Subjects
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PRINTING industry , *PAPER supply & demand , *PAPER prices , *MERGERS & acquisitions - Abstract
The article describes the challenges faced by printing companies in the U.S. The industry has been affected by paper shortages and the rapidly rising cost of paper. Several printers are experiencing financial difficulties, including Cenveo, which filed for bankruptcy in February 2018. Consolidation efforts in the industry have increased, including the purchase of Webcrafters, a printer for the educational and catalogue markets, by the CJK Group.
- Published
- 2018
21. The PAPER Chase.
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Rosenberg, Jim and Moses, Lucia
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PAPER industry , *NEWSPRINT - Abstract
Focuses on the newsprint paper crisis in the United States. Forecasts of an increase in paper prices due to consolidation among producers; Enumeration of companies acquiring related firms in the paper industry; Impact of economic condition on the newsprint paper industry. INSET: Foreign firm finds a home in U.S. market, by Jim Rosenberg.
- Published
- 2001
22. THE NEW LOOK IN PLASTIC--IT'S PAPER!
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Schut, Jan H.
- Subjects
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PAPER industry - Abstract
Reports on the growth of the synthetic paper market in the U.S. Niches targeted by synthetic paper; First synthetic paper launched; Factors contributing to the expansion of the market; Factors which are retarding market growth; Large producers of synthetic paper.
- Published
- 2000
23. WASTE PAPER.
- Author
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Rosenberg, Jim
- Subjects
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NEWSPAPERS , *WASTE paper , *NEWSPRINT , *RECYCLED products - Abstract
This article focuses on efforts in the U.S. newspaper industry to reduce environmental impact of waste paper. Widespread conversion to lower-basis-weight newsprint saves money only if pressrooms can print well without more web breaks on the longer but costlier rolls. Newspapers have moved along a cleaner path since letterpress days, abandoning engraving and film chemistries, adopting soy-oil-based inks, and using large quantities of newsprint with recycled fiber.
- Published
- 2008
24. LOOSE PAPER LOADING.
- Author
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Rosenberg, Jim
- Subjects
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PAPER recycling , *NEWSPAPER publishing , *WASTE management , *DUMP trucks , *PERIODICALS - Abstract
The article provides information on paper waste handling systems of various newspaper companies in the United States. Waste paper comes from white slab waste and leftover inserts. An automatic system capable of automatically loading loose paper into a trailer has financial benefits to "Orlando Sentinel." The waste handling plant of the "Washington Post" in Springfield, Virginia consists of a cart dumper.
- Published
- 2005
25. STOPP OR GO? Are newsprint tariffs protecting production jobs or are they just another nail in the coffin?
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SIMPKINS, JERRY
- Subjects
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TARIFF on paper , *PUBLISHING , *COMMERCIAL policy - Abstract
The article reflects on impact of newsprint tariffs on workers in the U.S. the publishing and paper industries. It mentions that newsprint tariffs are driven by a strategy of North Pacific Paper Co. to manipulate U.S. trade policy. It presents views of Joel Quadracci, chairman of Quad Graphics, on the same.
- Published
- 2018
26. Education and Technological Revolutions: The Role of the Social Sciences and the Humanities in the Knowledge Based Economy.
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Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Ottawa (Ontario). and Allen, Robert C.
- Abstract
The role of the social sciences and the humanities in a knowledge-based economy was examined in a comparative study of the income and employment outcomes of secondary-, postsecondary-, and graduate-level study programs in technical fields, the social sciences, and the humanities in 1991-1996. Special attention was paid to the following areas: the economic success of graduates in 1996; rates of return on investment in education in selected fields; employment changes in 1991-96; a case study of the British Columbian labor market; techism and economic development; and the productivity approach and economic development. The study established that computers and information have revolutionized business organization and increased the demand for social science and humanities graduates. Technological advances and the resultant falling cost of information has made the hierarchical organization inefficient and increased the need for workers with the following types of skills and abilities that are cultivated in social sciences and humanities programs: (1) to understand the information generated by computer systems, analyze it, relate it to the world, and act on it; (2) to make critical and independent judgments; and (3) to develop the interpersonal and communication skills needed to deal with clients and work together in self-directing teams. (MN)
- Published
- 1999
27. HHS White Paper Highlights Steps Taken to Address Drug Shortages.
- Subjects
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HEALTH services accessibility , *INTERPROFESSIONAL relations , *INVENTORY shortages , *MEDICAL supplies , *SUPPLY chains , *PRIVATE sector , *DRUGS - Published
- 2024
28. Paper mill reopens its doors.
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L.S.
- Subjects
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PAPER mills - Abstract
Focuses on Bay State Paper Co.'s reopening of a containerboard plant at the former Patriot Paper Co. mill in Boston, Massachusetts. Previous owners of Patriot Paper; Optimism of Bay State executives about the revival of Patriot Paper mill; Processing system at the facility. INSET: Recycling mill blooms in the desert, by R.S..
- Published
- 1995
29. Beneficial use of paper mill sludge.
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Coburn, Randy and Dolan, Garrett
- Subjects
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PAPER mills & the environment - Abstract
Reports on the use of paper mill sludge as daily cover at municipal solid waste landfills. Need to develop beneficial use technologies for paper mill sludge; Public/private initiatives; Project financing; Regulatory issues. INSET: Researching beneficial use technologies..
- Published
- 1995
30. Paper crunch presages higher book prices.
- Author
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Milliot, Jim and Baker, John F.
- Subjects
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PUBLISHING , *PAPER , *PRICES - Abstract
Reports on the concerns of book publishers over the rising cost of paper in the United States. Effects to book prices; Percentage gains in 1994; Average cost of paper; Trends in the pricing of paperback books; Simon & Schuster Consumer Group's efforts to manage book-making costs; HarperCollins' use of lighter paper grades in book-making. INSETS: Business cycle swings to paper companies' side, by J.M.;Kenaf: A paper alternative to ponder, by Lisa See..
- Published
- 1995
31. Cluster rule forces changes for pulp and paper mills.
- Author
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Canning, Kathie
- Subjects
- *
PAPER mills & the environment , *WOOD pulp industries & the environment , *ENVIRONMENTAL policy - Abstract
Discusses the impact of an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation designed to control the release of pollutants from pulp and paper mills in the United States. Changes in the way the industry operates; Environmental benefits from the EPA rule; Pulp and paper mills' need to follow best management practices; Key component of the rule's water effluent guidelines and standards. INSET: And look who's next....
- Published
- 1998
32. Publishers Eye Paper Costs.
- Author
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Milliot, Jim
- Subjects
- *
PAPER prices , *PRICE increases , *PAPER supply & demand , *PAPER mills , *PAPER , *PUBLISHING , *INTERNATIONAL trade - Abstract
The article discusses the impact of rising costs and supply shortages of paper on publishers in the U.S. Topics covered include increase in price of paper per ton, according to a report by printer Quad Graphics, factors contributing to the reduction in paper supply such as shutdown of some Canadian paper mills and reduced imports from China, factors driving up paper prices, and the need for U.S. publishers to look for alternative sources of paper.
- Published
- 2018
33. Permanent paper use endorsed by National Library of Medicine.
- Subjects
- *
PERMANENT paper , *SCIENCE publishing - Abstract
Reports that the board of regents of the National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland has convened a Permanent Paper Task Force to advise the library and to encourage medical publishers to use permanent, acid-free paper in their publications. Availability of the paper; Plan of the task force to publicize the advantages of acid-free paper among medical editors and publishers.
- Published
- 1988
34. NLM pushes acid-free paper for biomedical literature.
- Author
-
Avallone, Susan
- Subjects
- *
MEDICAL libraries , *PAPER deacidification , *BIOMEDICAL materials - Abstract
Reports on the efforts of the National Library of Medicine in the U.S. to stop paper decay at its source. Proposal to use acid-free paper in the production of biomedical literature; Discussion on ramifications of the proposal; Propagation for mode of paper preservation.
- Published
- 1987
35. National permanent paper policy urged by Senator Pell.
- Subjects
- *
PERMANENT paper , *LEGISLATIVE resolutions - Abstract
Reports on the introduction of a sample resolution to establish a national policy on permanent paper in the U.S. Recommendation of the resolution; Timetable for the reintroduction of the legislation.
- Published
- 1988
36. SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTION: WHAT IS 'THE NEW TOILET PAPER'?
- Author
-
AFFELT, AMY
- Subjects
- *
FOOD supply , *SHOPPING , *BUSINESS , *BICYCLES , *GROCERY industry , *COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
The article focuses on SUPPLY CHAIN DISRUPTION. Topics discussed include COVID-19 has taken commodity prices and availability on a roller coaster ride that is only in the nascent stages of its journey; and the views of " Diana Haytko, professor and chairperson of the department of marketing and sup ply chain management at the East Carolina University College of Business, on it.
- Published
- 2021
37. Ensuring Proper Compliance Sampling Under the `CLUSTER RULE'.
- Author
-
Sueverkruepp III, F.D.
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *WOOD pulp industry , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Discusses the modification of traditional automatic samplers and sampling techniques to comply with the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Cluster Rules, a set of regulations for the pulp and paper industry. Impact of the Cluster Rule on the way pulp and paper mills operate; Cluster Rule benefits; Compliance monitoring changes. INSET: Understanding VATIP..
- Published
- 2000
38. Paper mill sludge: Feedstock for tomorrow.
- Author
-
Glenn, Jim
- Subjects
- *
WASTE recycling , *SEWAGE sludge , *PAPER mills & the environment - Abstract
Focuses on the recycling of paper mill sludge in the United States. National Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement Inc.'s survey of solid waste management practices in the paper industry; Methods used to manage paper mill sludge; By-products of recycled paper mill sludge; Composting alternative for paper mill sludge. INSET: Characterization of paper mill sludge..
- Published
- 1997
39. Green Manufacturing Gains Momentum.
- Author
-
Rowzie, Kathi and Ynostroza, Roger
- Subjects
- *
PRINTING industry , *PAPER industry , *ENVIRONMENTAL responsibility , *SUPPLY chains - Abstract
The article deals with the challenges and opportunities posed by green manufacturing to both printers and paper suppliers across the U.S. supply chain in 2009. It cites differing opinions on the factors behind the interest in green manufacturing. The Green Edition labeling program of Courier Corp. is discussed. Also noted are issues like certification, obstacles to marketing and supply chain partner education. INSET: The Quebecor Perspective.
- Published
- 2008
40. Saving Paper.
- Author
-
Lefevre, Lori
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *PAPER , *PUBLISHING , *ADVERTISING , *PRICES - Abstract
Reveals that decline of the price of paper in the United States. Decline of paper consumption by publishing companies; Move of paper companies to reduce their production; Impact of the decline in advertising expenditures to the paper and publishing industries.
- Published
- 2001
41. PEST PRICKS PAPER PROFITS, NOT SUPPLY.
- Author
-
Rosenberg, Jim
- Subjects
- *
PAPER products industry , *BEETLES , *PAPER mills - Abstract
Reports that paper producers in some areas of the United States suffered big losses due to infestations by southern pine bark beetles. Casualty loss for pine-beetle damage to woodlands that supply paper mills; Additional cost of bleaching out the blue stain left by the pine-beetles on the paper fiber; Impact on newsprint supply.
- Published
- 2001
42. DOING MORE WITH LESS IN THE PRESSROOM.
- Author
-
PECK, GRETCHEN A.
- Subjects
- *
NEWSPAPER publishing , *PRINTING properties of paper , *NEWSPAPER buildings - Abstract
The article discusses developments in the newspaper industry in the U.S. as of May 2014, particularly in the adoption of a leaner and greener print manufacturing processes. It cites the claim by Dow Jones & Co. Inc. vice president of production Larry Hoffman that they print "The Wall Street Journal" paper in strategic sites in the country in order to improve efficiency. The opinions of Christopher Apel of "The Milwaukee Journal Sentinel" and Freedom Communications' Rick Sant are also cited.
- Published
- 2014
43. Expected rise in paper costs leaves publishers shuddering.
- Author
-
Ives, Nat
- Subjects
- *
PAPER , *PUBLISHING & economics , *TECHNOLOGY & economics , *WRITING materials & instruments , *PERIODICALS , *U.S. dollar , *ECONOMICS - Abstract
The article focuses on the rising costs of paper. Magazine publishers are dealing with numerous rising costs, including technology investments, postage, editors, and paper. Due to the weakness of the American dollar, publishers' overseas options are increasingly being restricted. In 2007, paper is emerging from an era of rising and falling prices. Coupled with structural changes, including mergers and a growing role for private equity, prices will continue to increase into 2008.
- Published
- 2007
44. AF&PA surveys U.S. paper capacity.
- Author
-
Rosenberg, Jim
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *SUSTAINABLE forestry , *GOVERNMENT policy - Abstract
Presents the results of the American Forest and Paper Association (AF&PA) survey about the United States papermaking industry. Growth of planned consumption of recovered paper; Continued increase in paper and paperboard capacity; Overall newsprint capacity; Commitment to sustainable forestry initiatives; Working relationship between the forest products industry and the US Department of Energy.
- Published
- 1995
45. E-PAPER CHASE NEARS THE FINISH LINE.
- Author
-
Allan, Roger
- Subjects
- *
NEW product development , *ELECTRONICS , *TECHNOLOGY , *PAPER , *TECHNOLOGICAL innovations , *ART & electronics , *COMPUTER software development , *RESEARCH & development - Abstract
The article focuses on the newly developed electronic paper technology in the U.S. It has been predicted that the demonstration of electronic products indicates the E-paper technology's readiness in the market. The E-paper was made out of organic electronics which contains tiny balls of ink designed to respond to electric charges in the monitor of the computer and act like pixels. This new technology was developed by the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center which was first named as Gyricon. Recently, continuous developments and improvements were conducted on the E-paper in terms of its contrast ratios, resolutions and brightness levels.
- Published
- 2006
46. Your Business In Brief.
- Subjects
- *
PLASTICS industries , *PLASTIC paper - Abstract
Presents news items concerning the plastics industry in the United States as of May 2001. Forecast on developments in the industry from 2001 to 2005; Expected growth of the United States market for synthetic paper of polyethylene or polypropylene; Plan of PolyOne Corp. to close one-third of plants in its North American Plastic Compounds and Colors; Plan of 3D Systems to buy DTM Corp. INSETS: Denver's Hybrid Bus Has Thermoformed Body and Seats;LNP Adds Color to BP Amoco Resins;ITW to Buy Foilmark;New E-Commerce Site Trades Used Machinery
- Published
- 2001
47. Surface Aerator Performs at Paper Mills and in Lab.
- Author
-
Strzelecki, Diane
- Subjects
- *
PAPER mills , *ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
Reports on the environmental protection of the paper mills in the United States. Requirement of a minimal periodic maintenance; Performance of trial on the aerator system; Criticisms against conventional propeller mixing and aeration technologies.
- Published
- 2001
48. $ money and art.
- Author
-
Shell, Marc
- Subjects
- *
PAPER money - Abstract
Focuses on the issue of representation in the use of paper money in the United States. Substance of money; Creation of representations; Paper money art work as a characteristically American art form; Process of exchange.
- Published
- 1992
49. Planned hikes in paper prices rile publishers.
- Author
-
Kelly, Keith J.
- Subjects
- *
PUBLISHING , *PAPER industry , *ADVERTISING , *PERIODICALS - Abstract
The article reports that magazine publishers in the U.S. are up in arms after two major paper producers said they are planning price hikes. Publishers fear another price hikes like the ones they experience in 1994 and 1995 when list prices rose some 40 to 50 percent. Increases in paper prices can quickly wipe out gains in advertising and circulation revenue.
- Published
- 1997
50. Overview on U.S. paper capacity.
- Author
-
Rosenberg, Jim
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *WASTE recycling , *STATISTICS - Abstract
Discusses the growth in the American pulp and paper industry with emphasis on the contribution of paper recovery and reuse. Report from the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA); Percentage annual rate growth of the industry; Recycling of 80 percent of recovered paper; Recovery-reuse goal of AF&PA in six years from 1993.
- Published
- 1994
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