89 results on '"Rui Sang"'
Search Results
2. Integrated network toxicology, molecular docking, and in vivo experiments to elucidate molecular mechanism of aflatoxin B1 hepatotoxicity
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Bingjie Ge, Kexin Yan, Rui Sang, Wei Wang, Xinman Liu, Minghong Yu, Xiaotong Liu, Qian Qiu, and Xuemei Zhang
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Aflatoxin B1 ,Network toxicology ,Liver damage ,Mice ,Signaling pathway ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Due to the rise in temperature and sea level caused by climate change, the detection rate of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in food crops has increased dramatically, and the frequency and severity of aflatoxicosis in humans and animals are also increasing. AFB1 has strong hepatotoxicity, causing severe liver damage and even cancer. However, the mechanism of AFB1 hepatotoxicity remains unclear. By integrating network toxicology, molecular docking and in vivo experiments, this research was designed to explore the potential hepatotoxicity mechanisms of AFB1. Thirty-three intersection targets for AFB1-induced liver damage were identified using online databases. PI3K/AKT1, MAPK, FOXO1 signaling pathways, and apoptosis were significantly enriched. In addition, the proteins of ALB, AKT1, PIK3CG, MAPK8, HSP90AA1, PPARA, MAPK1, EGFR, FOXO1, and IGF1 exhibited good affinity with AFB1. In vivo experiments, significant pathological changes occurred in the liver of mice. AFB1 induction increased the expression levels of EGFR, ERK, and FOXO1, and decreased the expression levsls of PI3K and AKT1. Moreover, AFB1 treatment caused an increase in Caspase3 expression, and a decrease in Bcl2/Bax ratio. By combining network toxicology with in vivo experiments, this study confirms for the first time that AFB1 promotes the FOXO1 signaling pathway by inactivating PI3K/AKT1 and activating EGFR/ERK signaling pathways, hence aggravating hepatocyte apoptosis. This research provides new strategies for studying the toxicity of environmental pollutants and new possible targets for the development of hepatoprotective drugs.
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- 2024
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3. Ageing and Polypharmacy in Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Metabolic Impact Assessed by Hyperspectral Imaging of Autofluorescence
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Chandrasekara M. N. Chandrasekara, Gizem Gemikonakli, John Mach, Rui Sang, Ayad G. Anwer, Adnan Agha, Ewa M. Goldys, Sarah N. Hilmer, and Jared M. Campbell
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mesenchymal stem cell ,aging ,autofluorescence ,non-invasive imaging ,spectral microscopy ,polypharmacy ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The impact of age on mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) characteristics has been well researched. However, increased age is concomitant with increased prevalence of polypharmacy. This adjustable factor may have further implications for the functionality of MSCs and the effectiveness of autologous MSC procedures. We applied hyperspectral microscopy of cell autofluorescence—a non-invasive imaging technique used to characterise cytometabolic heterogeneity—to identify changes in the autofluorescence signals of MSCs from (1) young mice, (2) old mice, (3) young mice randomised to receive polypharmacy (9–10 weeks of oral therapeutic doses of simvastatin, metoprolol, oxycodone, oxybutynin and citalopram), and (4) old mice randomised to receive polypharmacy. Principal Component Analysis and Logistic Regression Analysis were used to assess alterations in spectral and associated metabolic characteristics. Modelling demonstrated that cells from young mice receiving polypharmacy had less NAD(P)H and increased porphyrin relative to cells from old control mice, allowing for effective separation of the two groups (AUC of ROC curve > 0.94). Similarly, cells from old polypharmacy mice were accurately separated from those from young controls due to lower levels of NAD(P)H (p < 0.001) and higher porphyrin (p < 0.001), allowing for an extremely accurate logistic regression (AUC of ROC curve = 0.99). This polypharmacy regimen may have a more profound impact on MSCs than ageing, and can simultaneously reduce optical redox ratio (ORR) and increase porphyrin levels. This has implications for the use of autologous MSCs for older patients with chronic disease.
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- 2024
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4. A practical concept for catalytic carbonylations using carbon dioxide
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Rui Sang, Yuya Hu, Rauf Razzaq, Guillaume Mollaert, Hanan Atia, Ursula Bentrup, Muhammad Sharif, Helfried Neumann, Henrik Junge, Ralf Jackstell, Bert U. W. Maes, and Matthias Beller
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Science - Abstract
Using CO2 as C1-feedstock for the chemical industry has attracted great attention. Here the authors develop a two-step cascade process to perform catalytic carbonylations of olefins, alkynes, and aryl halides using CO2 and H2.
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- 2022
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5. A new approach to overcoming antibiotic-resistant bacteria: Traditional Chinese medicine therapy based on the gut microbiota
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Peng Xue, Rui Sang, Nan Li, Siyuan Du, Xiuwen Kong, Mingliang Tai, Zhihao Jiang, and Ying Chen
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traditional Chinese medicine ,drug-resistant bacteria ,gut microbiota ,multi-drug resistance ,reversion mechanism ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
With the irrational use of antibiotics and the increasing abuse of oral antibiotics, the drug resistance of gastrointestinal pathogens has become a prominent problem in clinical practice. Gut microbiota plays an important role in maintaining human health, and the change of microbiota also affects the activity of pathogenic bacteria. Interfering with antibiotic resistant bacteria by affecting gut microbiota has also become an important regulatory signal. In clinical application, due to the unique advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in sterilization and drug resistance, it is possible for traditional Chinese medicine to improve the gut microbial microenvironment. This review discusses the strategies of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections by changing the gut microenvironment, unlocking the interaction between microbiota and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria.
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- 2023
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6. Taraxasterol alleviates aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in broiler chickens via regulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy
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Rui Sang, Bingjie Ge, Haifeng Li, Hongyuan Zhou, Kexin Yan, Wei Wang, Qichao Cui, and Xuemei Zhang
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Taraxasterol ,Aflatoxin B1 ,Broiler chickens ,Liver damage ,Oxidative stress ,Environmental pollution ,TD172-193.5 ,Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most dangerous and abundant mycotoxin, which is toxic to almost all animals, and poultry is more sensitive to AFB1 toxicity. Ingesting AFB1-contaminated feed can cause significant liver damage and brings serious harm to poultry, which greatly restricts the development of the poultry industry. The present research was implemented to explore the intervention effect and its mechanism of taraxasterol on liver damage induced by AFB1 in broiler chickens. The liver damage model in broiler chickens was established by feeding 0.5 mg/kg AFB1 feed, and taraxasterol (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW, respectively) was given in the drinking water for 21 days. The growth performance, liver function, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy were evaluated. The results showed that taraxasterol increased BW and reduced feed-to-gain ratio of broiler chickens induced by AFB1. Taraxasterol improved the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT), total bilirubin (TBIL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and attenuated hepatic histopathological changes induced by AFB1. Meantime, taraxasterol down-regulated cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzyme system CYP1A1 and CYP2A6 mRNA expression, inhibited the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) and the content of antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the liver in broiler chickens induced by AFB1. Furthermore, taraxasterol up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of hepatic nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), and down-regulated the expression of hepatic kelch like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1) induced by AFB1 in Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. The ultrastructural observation and RT-qPCR results found that taraxasterol inhibited apoptosis of hepatocytes, up-regulated the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) mRNA and down-regulated the expression of Bax and caspase3 mRNA. Further, taraxasterol restored the autophagy of hepatocytes and down-regulated the mRNA expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase K (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in AFB1-induced liver of broiler chickens. The above results indicate that taraxasterol alleviates liver damage induced by AFB1 in broiler chickens through regulation of Keap1/Nrf2 signaling pathway to exert its antioxidant effect, mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to improve anti-apoptotic ability and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway to restore autophagy.
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- 2023
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7. Research Note: Taraxasterol alleviates aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress in chicken primary hepatocytes
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Haitao Li, Rui Sang, Xin Zhao, Chunting Li, Wei Wang, Meng Wang, Bingjie Ge, and Xuemei Zhang
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taraxasterol ,aflatoxin B1 ,chicken primary hepatocytes ,oxidative stress ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic subtype of aflatoxin in feed. Poultry is sensitive to AFB1, and the liver is the main target organ of AFB1. Our previous studies have shown that taraxasterol isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum has protective effects against immune-mediated and alcoholic-induced liver injuries. This study aimed to investigate whether taraxasterol has the protective effect and its mechanism against AFB1-induced injury in chicken primary hepatocytes in vitro. The chicken primary hepatocytes were induced with AFB1 (0.05 µg/mL), and treated with taraxasterol (5, 10, and 20 μg/mL). The results showed that taraxasterol increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activity and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in AFB1-induced hepatocytes. Moreover, taraxasterol up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of antioxidant-related factors heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and nuclear factor erythroid E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), while down-regulated the expression of oxidant-related factor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) in Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway. In addition, taraxasterol effectively reduced AFB1-induced hepatocyte autophagy and inhibited the mRNA expression of autophagy-related genes Beclin-2, LC3-I, LC3-II, and ATG-5. Taraxasterol also inhibited AFB1-induced hepatocyte apoptosis and decreased the mRNA expression of apoptosis-related genes Caspase3 and Caspase9. These findings indicates taraxasterol alleviates oxidative stress in AFB1-induced chicken hepatocytes by activating Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, and regulating the cell autophagy and apoptosis.
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- 2023
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8. Lipid-polymer nanocarrier platform enables X-ray induced photodynamic therapy against human colorectal cancer cells
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Rui Sang, Fei Deng, Alexander Engel, Ewa Goldys, and Wei Deng
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X-PDT ,Targeted lipid-polymer nanoparticles ,Verteporfin ,5-FU ,Colorectal cancer ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
In this study, we brought together X-ray induced photodynamic therapy (X-PDT) and chemo-drug (5-FU) for the treatment on colorectal cancer cells. This was achieved by developing a lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticle delivery system (FA-LPNPs-VP-5-FU). It was prepared by incorporating a photosensitizer (verteporfin), chemotherapy drug (5-FU) and a targeting moiety (folic acid) into one platform. The average size of these nanoparticles was around 100 nm with low polydispersity. When exposed to clinical doses of 4 Gy X-ray radiation, FA-LPNPs-VP-5-FU generated sufficient amounts of reactive oxygen species, triggering the apoptosis and necrosis pathway of cancer cells. Our combined X-PDT and chemo-drug strategy was effective in inhibiting cancer cells’ growth and proliferation. Cell cycle analyses revealed that our treatment induced G2/M and S phase arrest in HCT116 cells. Our results indicate that this combined treatment provides better antitumour effect in colorectal cancer cells than each of these modalities alone. This may offer a novel approach for effective colorectal cancer treatment with reduced off-target effect and drug toxicity.
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- 2022
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9. Taraxasterol from Taraxacum prevents concanavalin A-induced acute hepatic injury in mice via modulating TLRs/NF-κB and Bax/Bc1-2 signalling pathways
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Rui Sang, Yifan Yu, Bingjie Ge, Lu Xu, Zheng Wang, and Xuemei Zhang
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Taraxasterol ,Con A ,hepatic injury ,NF-κB ,Bax/Bc1-2 ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Immune hepatic injury is a liver disease closely related to an immune imbalance of T cells and macrophages. Our previous series of studies have demonstrated that taraxasterol isolated from Taraxacum possesses great anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in vivo and in vitro. In this study, we explored the preventive effects of taraxasterol and its underlying mechanisms on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute hepatic injury in mice. It was found that treatment with taraxasterol significantly decreased the Con A-induced increase of liver index, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and increased the Con A-induced decrease of hepatic glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) production. Taraxasterol also significantly inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and IL-4. In addition, treatment with taraxasterol alleviated the hepatic histopathological injury and apoptosis induced by Con A. Furthermore, taraxasterol dramatically down-regulated the expressions of T toll-like receptor (TLR2), TLR4 and nuclear factor-κappaB (NF-κB) p65, and decreased the expression ratio of Bax/Bc1-2 in hepatic tissues. These findings suggest that taraxasterol prevents Con A-induced acute hepatic injury in mice by inhibiting TLRs/NF-κB inflammatory signalling pathway and promoting Bax/Bc1-2 anti-apoptotic signalling pathway.
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- 2019
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10. Selective catalytic two-step process for ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide
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Kaiwu Dong, Saravanakumar Elangovan, Rui Sang, Anke Spannenberg, Ralf Jackstell, Kathrin Junge, Yuehui Li, and Matthias Beller
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Science - Abstract
Conversion of one-carbon feedstocks to more complex structures is vital for the production of bulk chemicals. Here, the authors report a highly selective method for the conversion of carbon monoxide to ethylene glycol by means of an oxamide intermediate.
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- 2016
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11. RNA reporter based CRISPR/Cas12a biosensing platform for sensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA.
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Fei Deng, Yi Li, Rui Sang, Chengchen Zhang, Tim Hall, Danting Yang, and Ewa M. Goldys
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- 2023
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12. Schwann cell-derived CXCL2 contributes to cancer pain by modulating macrophage infiltration in a mouse breast cancer model
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Yonghui Zhang, Rui Sang, Jingyin Bao, Zhihao Jiang, Danni Qian, Yi Zhou, Wenfeng Su, Jinhuan Wei, Long Zhao, Zhongya Wei, Yayu Zhao, Minxin Shi, and Gang Chen
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Behavioral Neuroscience ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,Immunology - Published
- 2023
13. Targeting the PHF8/YY1 axis suppresses cancer cell growth through modulation of ROS.
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Xiao-Nan Wu, Jia-yuan Li, Qi He, Bo-qun Li, Yao-hui He, Xu Pan, Ming-yue Wang, Rui Sang, Jian-cheng Ding, Xiang Gao, Zhen Wu, and Wen Liu
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CANCER cell growth ,GENE expression ,GENETIC transcription regulation ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,CARCINOGENESIS ,CURCUMIN - Abstract
High levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) are linked to cancer development, which is tightly controlled by the electron transport chain (ETC). However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing ETC gene transcription to drive mROS production and cancer cell growth remain to be fully characterized. Here, we report that protein demethylase PHF8 is overexpressed in many types of cancers, including colon and lung cancer, and is negatively correlated with ETC gene expression. While it is well known to demethylate histones to activate transcription, PHF8 demethylates transcription factor YY1, functioning as a co-repressor for a large set of nuclear-coded ETC genes to drive mROS production and cancer development. In addition to genetically ablating PHF8, pharmacologically targeting PHF8 with a specific chemical inhibitor, iPHF8, is potent in regulating YY1 methylation, ETC gene transcription, mROS production, and cell growth in colon and lung cancer cells. iPHF8 exhibits potency and safety in suppressing tumor growth in cell-line- and patient-derived xenografts in vivo. Our data uncover a key epigenetic mechanism underlying ETC gene transcriptional regulation, demonstrating that targeting the PHF8/YY1 axis has great potential to treat cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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14. Reversible hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to formic acid using a Mn-pincer complex in the presence of lysine
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Duo Wei, Rui Sang, Peter Sponholz, Henrik Junge, and Matthias Beller
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Fuel Technology ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Energy Engineering and Power Technology ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials - Abstract
Efficient hydrogen storage and release are essential for effective use of hydrogen as an energy carrier. In principle, formic acid could be used as a convenient hydrogen storage medium via reversible CO2 hydrogenation. However, noble metal-based catalysts are currently needed to facilitate the (de)hydrogenation, and the CO2 produced during hydrogen release is generally released, resulting in undesirable emissions. Here we report an α-amino acid-promoted system for reversible CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid using a Mn-pincer complex as a homogeneous catalyst. We observe good stability and reusability of the catalyst and lysine as the amino acid at high productivities (CO2 hydrogenation: total turnover number of 2,000,000; formic acid dehydrogenation: total turnover number of 600,000). Employing potassium lysinate, we achieve >80% H2 evolution efficiency and >99.9% CO2 retention in ten charge–discharge cycles, avoiding CO2 re-loading steps between each cycle. This process was scaled up by a factor of 18 without obvious drop of the productivity.
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- 2022
15. Bifunctional circular DNA amplifier transforms a classic CRISPR/Cas sensor into an ultrasensitive autocatalytic sensor
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Fei Deng, Rui Sang, Yi Li, Wei Deng, and Ewa Goldys
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The CRISPR/Cas sensors represent a new approach in molecular diagnostics. Based on the programmable trans-cleavage of Type V & VI Cas proteins to degrade single-strand DNA/RNA reporters they detect nucleic acids with single-nucleotide specificity. However, their clinical usefulness is limited by their pM level sensitivity, which is insufficient unless integrated with preamplification. To overcome this limitation, we designed a bifunctional circular DNA amplifier to report nucleic acid detection events and simultaneously facilitate an autocatalytic reaction network. This minimalistic design converts a classic CRISPR/Cas sensor into a DNA amplifier-enhanced CRISPR/Cas autocatalytic sensor (DANCER), without the need for additional amplification reaction or device. DANCER achieved 1 aM level (6 times improvement), within 15 mins, at room temperature, and with 11 orders of magnitude detection range. When combined with a colorimetric lateral flow assay, DANCER realized point-of-care testing of circulating tumor DNA in plasma of a colorectal cancer-mouse.
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- 2023
16. Homogeneous Carbon Capture and Catalytic Hydrogenation: Toward a Chemical Hydrogen Battery System
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Duo Wei, Rui Sang, Ayeshe Moazezbarabadi, Henrik Junge, and Matthias Beller
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Recent developments of CO
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- 2022
17. HAP1 inhibition contributes to neuropathic pain by suppressing Cav1.2 activity and attenuating inflammation
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JingYing, Pan, YaYu, Zhao, Rui, Sang, RiYun, Yang, JingYin, Bao, YongJiang, Wu, Ying, Fei, Jian, Wu, and Gang, Chen
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Although pain dysfunction is increasingly observed in Huntington disease (HD), the underlying mechanisms still unknown. As a crucial huntington-associated protein, HAP1 is enriched in normal spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) where are regarded as "primary sensory center", indicating its potential functions in pain process. Here, we discovered that HAP1 level was greatly increased in the dorsal horn and DRG under acute and chronic pain conditions. Lack of HAP1 obviously suppressed mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia in spared nerve injury (SNI)- and chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced pain. Its deficiency also greatly inhibited the excitability of nociceptive neurons. Interestingly, we found that suppressing HAP1 level diminished the membrane expression of the L-type calcium channel (Cav1.2), which can regulate Ca2+ influx and then influence BDNF synthesis and release. Furthermore, SNI-induced activation of astrocytes and microglia notably decreased in HAP1 deficient mice. These results indicate that HAP1 deficiency might attenuate pain responses. Collectively, our results suggest that HAP1 in dorsal horn and DRG neurons regulates Cav1.2 surface expression, which in turn reduces neuronal excitability, BDNF secretion and inflammatory responses and ultimately influences neuropathic pain progression.
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- 2022
18. Efficient Synthesis of Novel Plasticizers by Direct Palladium-catalyzed Di- or Multi-carbonylations
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Yuya Hu, Rui Sang, Robby Vroemans, Guillaume Mollaert, Rauf Razzaq, Helfried Neumann, Henrik Junge, Robert Franke, Ralf Jackstell, Bert U. W. Maes, and Matthias Beller
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Chemistry ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Catalysis - Abstract
Diesters are of fundamental importance in the chemical industry and are used for many applications, e.g. as plasticizers, surfactants, emulsifiers, and lubricants. Herein, we present a straightforward and efficient method for the selective synthesis of diesters via palladium-catalyzed direct carbonylation of di- or polyols with readily available alkenes. Key-to-success is the use of a specific palladium catalyst with the “built-in-base” ligand L16 providing esterification of all alcohols and a high n/iso ratio. The synthesized diesters were evaluated as potential plasticizers in PVC films by measuring the glass transition temperature (Tg) via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
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- 2022
19. Palladium-Catalyzed Methoxycarbonylation Investigated by Design of Experiments
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Peter Kucmierczyk, Ricarda Duehren, Rui Sang, Ralf Jackstell, Matthias Beller, and Robert Franke
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Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,General Chemical Engineering ,Environmental Chemistry ,General Chemistry - Published
- 2021
20. Inhibitory Effects of Inonotus obliquus Polysaccharide on Inflammatory Response in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected RAW264.7 Macrophages
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Kexin Yan, Hongyuan Zhou, Meng Wang, Haitao Li, Rui Sang, Bingjie Ge, Xin Zhao, Chunting Li, Wei Wang, and Xuemei Zhang
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Other systems of medicine ,Article Subject ,genetic structures ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,RZ201-999 ,Research Article - Abstract
Our previous reports have shown that Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) has protective effects against Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in vivo. The aim of the present research is to explore the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of IOP and its mechanism in RAW264.7 macrophages infected by T. gondii. In this study, it is indicated that IOP decreased the excessive secretion of inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-4, and IL-6 in T. gondii-infected RAW264.7 macrophages. IOP effectively suppressed the mRNA expression of these cytokines and chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α). Moreover, IOP inhibited the phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B kinase α/β (IKKα/β), inhibitor κBα (IκBα), p65 in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway and p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway. Meantime, IOP prevented NF-κB p65 and c-Jun translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Further, IOP downregulated the protein expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 in T. gondii-infected RAW264.7 macrophages. The above results suggest that IOP can inhibit the inflammatory response infected with T. gondii via regulating TLR2/TLR4-NF-κB/MAPKs pathways and exerting its anti-T. gondii role in vitro.
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- 2021
21. Immunomodulatory effects ofInonotus obliquuspolysaccharide on splenic lymphocytes infected withToxoplasma gondiivia NF-κB and MAPKs pathways
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Rui Sang, Fuliang Sun, Hongyuan Zhou, Meng Wang, Haitao Li, Chunting Li, Xinhui Sun, Xin Zhao, and Xuemei Zhang
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Pharmacology ,Immunology ,Immunology and Allergy ,General Medicine ,Toxicology - Published
- 2021
22. Protection of taraxasterol against acetaminophen-induced liver injury elucidated through network pharmacology and in vitro and in vivo experiments
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Bingjie Ge, Rui Sang, Wei Wang, Kexin Yan, Yifan Yu, Lin Kong, Minghong Yu, Xinman Liu, and Xuemei Zhang
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Pharmacology ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Drug Discovery ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Molecular Medicine - Published
- 2023
23. Liposome technologies towards colorectal cancer therapeutics
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Alexander Engel, Wei Deng, Rui Sang, and Bradley Stratton
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Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Colorectal cancer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Antineoplastic Agents ,02 engineering and technology ,Drug resistance ,Biochemistry ,Biomaterials ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Liposome ,business.industry ,Cancer ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Radiation therapy ,Nanomedicine ,Liposomes ,Drug delivery ,Quality of Life ,Delivery system ,Nanocarriers ,Colorectal Neoplasms ,0210 nano-technology ,business ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common deadly cancer worldwide. After treatment with curative intent recurrence rates vary with staging 0-13% in Stage 1, 11-61% in S2 and 28-73% in Stage 3. The toxicity to healthy tissues from chemotherapy and radiotherapy and drug resistance severely affect the quality of life and cancer specific outcomes of CRC patients. To overcome some of these limitations, many efforts have been made to develop nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems. Among these nanocarriers, liposomes represented one of the most successful candidates in delivering targeted oncological treatment, improving safety profile and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated drugs. In this review we will discuss liposome design with a particular focus on the targeting feature and triggering functions. We will also summarise the recent advances in liposomal delivery system for CRC treatment in both the preclinical and clinical studies. We will finally provide our perspectives on the liposome technology development for the future clinical translation. Statement of significance Conventional treatments for colorectal cancer (CRC) severely affect the therapeutic effects for advanced patients. With the development of nanomedicines, liposomal delivery system appears to be one of the most promising nanocarriers for CRC treatment. In last three years several reviews in this area have been published focusing on the preclinical research and drug delivery function, which is a fairly narrow focus in the field of liposome technology for CRC therapy. Our review presented the most recent advances of the liposome technology (both clinical and preclinical applications) for CRC with strong potential for further clinical translation. We believe it will attract lots of attention from various audiences, including researchers, clinicians and the industry.
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- 2021
24. Synthesis of waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resins and its application in VOC-free waterborne coatings
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Weigang Zhang, Zeng Zhang, Yonggui Wang, Jianfeng Wang, and Rui Sang
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010407 polymers ,Acrylate ,Materials science ,Absorption of water ,Solution polymerization ,02 engineering and technology ,(Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Monomer ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Adhesive ,Methyl methacrylate ,0210 nano-technology ,Acrylic acid - Abstract
Purpose A kind of the Z-6020/E-44 modified waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin (Z-WEA) and its application in volatile organic compound-free waterborne coatings were prepared. Design/methodology/approach The Z-6020/E-44 modified waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin (Z-WEA) was obtained dropwise by adding a mixed solution of methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, acrylic acid and an initiator into a pre-prepared solution of isopropyl alcohol and E-44 and by semi-continuous solution polymerization, and this chain was further extended with organosiloxane (Z-6020) through graft copolymer, which was then neutralized with organic base and dispersed with water, with waterborne amino resin curing agent to form a film, and the properties were tested. Findings The results showed that when the dosage of initiator was 2.5% accounts for the total acrylic monomer, the hydroxyl content was 10%; the dosage of E-44 was 16%; the dosage of Z-6020 was 6%; the mass ratio of hard and soft monomer was 2.0:1; the neutralization was 100%; Z-6020/E-44 modified waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin (Z-WEA) had excellent dispersion performance in water and storage stability; water absorption of cured film was 7.8%; pencil hardness reached 5H; adhesive force was 1 level; and the film was uniform and endowed with remarkable heat resistance, high gloss and good fullness. Practical implications This paper established a method to synthesize Z-6020/E-44 modified waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin (Z-WEA) with green surfactants that can be used in the coatings, adhesives, finishing agents and so on. Originality/value This paper provides a method of preparing Z-6020/E-44 modified waterborne hydroxyl acrylate resin (Z-WEA) and with waterborne amino resin curing agent to form a film, and the film is uniform and endowed with remarkable heat resistance, high gloss and good fullness and meets the requirements of high-grade paint.
- Published
- 2021
25. State-of-the-art palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylations
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Yuya Hu, Ralf Jackstell, Rauf Razzaq, Rui Sang, Matthias Beller, and Robert Franke
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inorganic chemicals ,Denticity ,Ligand ,Organic Chemistry ,Substituent ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Palladium hydride ,Combinatorial chemistry ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Catalytic cycle ,Carbonylation ,Palladium - Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation reactions allow for the efficient conversion of widely available unsaturated compounds, CO and alcohols into the corresponding carboxylic acid derivatives. A driving force for the development of new and improved catalytic methodologies is the design and synthesis of ligands, which fine-tune the properties of the metal center. In general, alternation of the ligand backbone and substituents adjusts the electronic and steric properties of the active catalyst species to control activity and selectivity of a given catalytic process. Therefore, our group has a long-standing interest in ligand developments. In the past decade, several classes of ligands have been developed by us for palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reactions, which are summarized in this article. As an example, mono- and bidentate phosphines with heteroaromatic backbones were prepared to overcome the limitations of known catalyst systems. The common feature of all these ligands is the function of the integrated base, which acts as a proton shuttle for the formation of the palladium hydride and the rate-determining N-assisted alcoholysis. On the other hand, the basic substituent improves the durability of the catalyst via hemilabile coordination to the palladium center in the catalytic cycle.
- Published
- 2021
26. Immunomodulatory effects of
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Rui, Sang, Fuliang, Sun, Hongyuan, Zhou, Meng, Wang, Haitao, Li, Chunting, Li, Xinhui, Sun, Xin, Zhao, and Xuemei, Zhang
- Subjects
Inonotus ,Mice ,Polysaccharides ,NF-kappa B ,Animals ,Lymphocytes ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Toxoplasma - Abstract
As a medicinal and edible fungus,This study aimed to investigate theMouse splenic lymphocytes were infected withIOP significantly decreased the over-release of cytokine interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-4, IL-6, interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in supernatant fromThese data indicate that IOP can inhibit the excessive inflammatory response caused by
- Published
- 2021
27. Current progress on truffle submerged fermentation: a promising alternative to its fruiting bodies
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Tang, Ya-Jie, Liu, Rui-Sang, and Li, Hong-Mei
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Palladium-catalyzed carbonylations of highly substituted olefins using CO-surrogates
- Author
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Rui Sang, Ralf Jackstell, Carolin Schneider, Helfried Neumann, Matthias Beller, and Rauf Razzaq
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chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Methyl formate ,Organic Chemistry ,Xylene ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Paraformaldehyde ,Medicinal chemistry ,Carbonylation ,Catalysis ,Palladium - Abstract
The first active catalyst system for the carbonylation of tri- and tetra-substituted olefins with paraformaldehyde and methyl formate is described. Specifically, using 1.0 mol% Pd(OAc)2 and 4.0 mol% 1,2-bis-(tert-butylpyridylphosphino)xylene L3 in the presence of 5.0 mol% PTSA·H2O, and 0.5 mol% Pd(OAc)2 and 2.0 mol% L3 in the presence of 8.0 mol% PTSA·H2O, respectively, allowed the corresponding linear esters to be obtained in good yields and selectivities.
- Published
- 2020
29. Synthesis of Carboxylic Acids by Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydroxycarbonylation
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Peter Kucmierczyk, Robert Franke, Rui Sang, Ralf Jackstell, Dong Kaiwu, Rauf Razzaq, Matthias Beller, Jie Liu, and Ricarda Dühren
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Aqueous solution ,biology ,010405 organic chemistry ,Ligand ,business.industry ,Fatty acid ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,Polymer ,Chemical industry ,General Medicine ,010402 general chemistry ,biology.organism_classification ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry ,Tetra ,Organic chemistry ,business ,Palladium - Abstract
The synthesis of carboxylic acids is of fundamental importance in the chemical industry and the corresponding products find numerous applications for polymers, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other manufactured chemicals. Although hydroxycarbonylations of olefins have been known for more than 60 years, currently known catalyst systems for this transformation do not fulfill industrial requirements, for example, stability. Presented herein for the first time is an aqueous-phase protocol that allows conversion of various olefins, including sterically hindered and demanding tetra-, tri-, and 1,1-disubstituted systems, as well as terminal alkenes, into the corresponding carboxylic acids in excellent yields. The outstanding stability of the catalyst system (26 recycling runs in 32 days without measurable loss of activity), is showcased in the preparation of an industrially relevant fatty acid. Key-to-success is the use of a built-in-base ligand under acidic aqueous conditions. This catalytic system is expected to provide a basis for new cost-competitive processes for the industrial production of carboxylic acids.
- Published
- 2019
30. A practical concept for catalytic carbonylations using carbon dioxide
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Rui Sang, Yuya Hu, Rauf Razzaq, Guillaume Mollaert, Hanan Atia, Ursula Bentrup, Muhammad Sharif, Helfried Neumann, Henrik Junge, Ralf Jackstell, Bert U. W. Maes, and Matthias Beller
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Multidisciplinary ,General Physics and Astronomy ,General Chemistry ,Engineering sciences. Technology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology - Abstract
The rise of CO2 in atmosphere is considered as the major reason for global warming. Therefore, CO2 utilization has attracted more and more attention. Among those, using CO2 as C1-feedstock for the chemical industry provides a solution. Here we show a two-step cascade process to perform catalytic carbonylations of olefins, alkynes, and aryl halides utilizing CO2 and H2. For the first step, a novel heterogeneous copper 10Cu@SiO2-PHM catalyst exhibits high selectivity (≥98%) and decent conversion (27%) in generating CO from reducing CO2 with H2. The generated CO is directly utilized without further purification in industrially important carbonylation reactions: hydroformylation, alkoxycarbonylation, and aminocarbonylation. Notably, various aldehydes, (unsaturated) esters and amides are obtained in high yields and chemo-/regio-selectivities at low temperature under ambient pressure. Our approach is of interest for continuous syntheses in drug discovery and organic synthesis to produce building blocks on reasonable scale utilizing CO2.
- Published
- 2021
31. The polysaccharide from Inonotus obliquus protects mice from Toxoplasma gondii-induced liver injury
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Bingjie Ge, Yifan Yu, Xuemei Zhang, Rui Sang, Lu Xu, and Jinxia Li
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Male ,Liver Diseases, Parasitic ,Antiprotozoal Agents ,02 engineering and technology ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Nitric oxide ,Superoxide dismutase ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Structural Biology ,medicine ,Animals ,Molecular Biology ,Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ,030304 developmental biology ,Liver injury ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Basidiomycota ,Monosaccharides ,Toxoplasma gondii ,Fungal Polysaccharides ,General Medicine ,Glutathione ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,biology.organism_classification ,Malondialdehyde ,medicine.disease ,Molecular Weight ,IκBα ,Toxoplasmosis, Animal ,chemistry ,TLR4 ,biology.protein ,Cytokines ,Inflammation Mediators ,0210 nano-technology ,Toxoplasma ,Biomarkers - Abstract
The study aimed to explore the protective effects and mechanism of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) on liver injury caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection in mice. The results showed that treatment with IOP significantly decreased the liver coefficient, the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and increased the contents of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). IOP effectively decreased the expression of serum tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interluekin-4 (IL-4) in T. gondii-infected mice. In agreement with these observations, IOP also alleviated hepatic pathological damages caused by T. gondii. Furthermore, we found that IOP down-regulated the levels of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), phosphorylations of nuclear factor-κappaB (NF-κB) p65 and inhibitor kappaBα (IκBα), whereas up-regulated the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). These findings suggest that IOP possesses hepatoprotective effects against T. gondii-induced liver injury in mice, and such protection is at least in part due to its anti-inflammatory effects through inhibiting the TLRs/NF-κB signaling axis and the activation of an antioxidant response by inducing the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling.
- Published
- 2019
32. HCOOH disproportionation to MeOH promoted by molybdenum PNP complexes
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Jenny Seifert, Kathrin Junge, Rui Sang, Anja Kammer, Elisabetta Alberico, Matthias Beller, Thomas Leischner, Wolfgang Baumann, Henrik Junge, and Anke Spannenberg
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Molybdenum ,Methyl formate ,Formic acid ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Disproportionation ,General Chemistry ,formic acid disproportionation ,Medicinal chemistry ,Catalysis ,Pincer movement ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Chemistry ,chemistry ,Methanol ,Selectivity ,methanol - Abstract
Molybdenum(0) complexes with aliphatic aminophosphine pincer ligands have been prepared which are competent for the disproportionation of formic acid, thus representing the first example so far reported of non-noble metal species to catalytically promote such transformation. In general, formic acid disproportionation allows for an alternative access to methyl formate and methanol from renewable resources. MeOH selectivity up to 30% with a TON of 57 could be achieved while operating at atmospheric pressure. Selectivity (37%) and catalyst performance (TON = 69) could be further enhanced when the reaction was performed under hydrogen pressure (60 bars). A plausible mechanism based on experimental evidence is proposed., Mo(0) complexes with aliphatic PNP-pincer ligands enable the first example of non-noble metal catalyzed formic acid disproportionation leading to methanol with a selectivity of up to 37% and a turnover number up to 69.
- Published
- 2021
33. Correction: HCOOH disproportionation to MeOH promoted by molybdenum PNP complexes
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Henrik Junge, Elisabetta Alberico, Wolfgang Baumann, Rui Sang, Jenny Seifert, Matthias Beller, Anke Spannenberg, Kathrin Junge, Anja Kammer, and Thomas Leischner
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Chemistry ,molybdenum ,Molybdenum ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Disproportionation ,General Chemistry ,formic acid disproportionation ,Medicinal chemistry ,methanol - Abstract
Correction for ‘HCOOH disproportionation to MeOH promoted by molybdenum PNP complexes’ by Elisabetta Alberico et al., Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, 13101–13119, DOI: 10.1039/D1SC04181A.
- Published
- 2021
34. Taraxacum mongolicum protects against Staphylococcus aureus-infected mastitis by exerting anti-inflammatory role via TLR2-NF-κB/MAPKs pathways in mice
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Hai-Tao Li, Meng Wang, Xuemei Zhang, Rui Sang, Peng Zhao, Hongyuan Zhou, and Bingjie Ge
- Subjects
Staphylococcus aureus ,Taraxacum ,MAP Kinase Signaling System ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Mastitis ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,Random Allocation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Western blot ,Drug Discovery ,medicine ,Animals ,Lactation ,030304 developmental biology ,Pharmacology ,0303 health sciences ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Plant Extracts ,NF-kappa B ,Staphylococcal Infections ,medicine.disease ,Toll-Like Receptor 2 ,TLR2 ,IκBα ,Cytokine ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Myeloperoxidase ,biology.protein ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Female - Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance As a traditional Chinese medicine, Taraxacum mongolicum has been widely used for the prevention and treatment of a variety of inflammatory and infectious diseases, and also clinically used as a remedy for mastitis. However, the scientific rationale and mechanism behind its use on mastitis in vivo are still unclear. Aim of the study: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and potential mechanism of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz. (T. mongolicum) on mastitis infected by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Materials and methods Female ICR mice were given intragastrically 2.5, 5 and 10 g/kg of T. mongolicum extract twice per day for 6 consecutive days, and infected with S. aureus via teat canal to induce mastitis. Pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels were determined by ELISA. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and distribution were measured by reagent kit and immunohistochemistry. Histopathological changes of mammary gland tissues were observed by H&E staining. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression, phosphorylations of related proteins in nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathways were detected by western blot. Results T. mongolicum decreased TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels, and reduced MPO activity and distribution in sera and mammary glands with S. aureus-infected mastitis. In addition, T. mongolicum effectively attenuated histopathological damages and cell necrosis of mammary gland tissues infected by S. aureus. Moreover, T. mongolicum inhibited the expression of TLR2, and the phosphorylations of inhibitor κBα (IκBα), p65, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) proteins in mammary glands with S. aureus-infected mastitis. Conclusions This study suggests that T. mongolicum protects against S. aureus-infected mastitis by exerting anti-inflammatory role, which is attributed to the inhibition of TLR2-NF-κB/MAPKs pathways.
- Published
- 2020
35. Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide ameliorates impaired reproductive function caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection in male mice via regulating Nrf2-PI3K/AKT pathway
- Author
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Rui Sang, Meng Wang, Yifan Yu, Xuemei Zhang, Bingjie Ge, Lu Xu, Xiao Ding, and Hongyuan Zhou
- Subjects
Male ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Apoptosis ,02 engineering and technology ,Chemical Fractionation ,Biochemistry ,Nitric oxide ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Mice ,Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Structural Biology ,Internal medicine ,Testis ,medicine ,Animals ,Gonadal Steroid Hormones ,Molecular Biology ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Sperm Count ,Akt/PKB signaling pathway ,Steroidogenic acute regulatory protein ,Reproduction ,Fungal Polysaccharides ,General Medicine ,Glutathione ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Spermatozoa ,Inonotus ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,0210 nano-technology ,Luteinizing hormone ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ,Toxoplasma ,Biomarkers ,Toxoplasmosis ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) on impaired reproductive function and its mechanisms in Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)-infected male mice. Results showed that IOP significantly improved the spermatogenic capacity and ameliorated pathological damage of testis, increased serum testosterone (T), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicular-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels in T. gondii-infected male mice. IOP effectively up-regulated testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR), P450scc and 17β-HSD expressions. IOP also significantly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), but increased the activities of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Furthermore, IOP up-regulated the expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinoneoxidoreductase-1 (NQO-1), and suppressed the apoptosis of testicular cells by decreasing Bcl-2 associated x protein (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 expressions. IOP further enhanced testicular phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT) and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) expression levels. It demonstrates the beneficial effects of IOP on impaired reproductive function in T. gondii-infected male mice due to its anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis via regulating Nrf2-PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
- Published
- 2019
36. Taraxasterol from
- Author
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Rui, Sang, Yifan, Yu, Bingjie, Ge, Lu, Xu, Zheng, Wang, and Xuemei, Zhang
- Subjects
Male ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,Taraxacum ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Toll-Like Receptors ,Transcription Factor RelA ,Alanine Transaminase ,Apoptosis ,Glutathione ,Triterpenes ,Mice ,Sterols ,Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ,Cytoprotection ,Malondialdehyde ,Concanavalin A ,Hepatocytes ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ,Signal Transduction ,bcl-2-Associated X Protein - Abstract
Immune hepatic injury is a liver disease closely related to an immune imbalance of T cells and macrophages. Our previous series of studies have demonstrated that taraxasterol isolated from
- Published
- 2019
37. Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide protects against adverse pregnancy caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection through regulating Th17/Treg balance via TLR4/NF-κB pathway
- Author
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Lu Xu, Bingjie Ge, Hongyuan Zhou, Meng Wang, Xuemei Zhang, Yifan Yu, and Rui Sang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment ,Placenta ,02 engineering and technology ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ,Structural Biology ,Interferon ,Pregnancy ,Malondialdehyde ,Medicine ,Progesterone ,0303 health sciences ,Mice, Inbred BALB C ,biology ,Estradiol ,NF-kappa B ,Interleukin ,General Medicine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Glutathione ,Cytokine ,Cytokines ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,Female ,0210 nano-technology ,Toxoplasma ,Toxoplasmosis ,medicine.drug ,Signal Transduction ,03 medical and health sciences ,Polysaccharides ,Animals ,RNA, Messenger ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,business.industry ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Basidiomycota ,Toxoplasma gondii ,biology.organism_classification ,Abortion, Spontaneous ,Toll-Like Receptor 4 ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic ,STAT protein ,TLR4 ,Th17 Cells ,business ,Transforming growth factor - Abstract
The study aimed to explore the protective effects of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) on adverse pregnancy caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and discover its potential mechanisms in pregnant mice. Our data showed that IOP significantly reduced the abortion rate, inhibited the decreases of progesterone (P) and estriol (E3) levels and the increase of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). In addition, IOP inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-1β and IL-17A; and promoted the production of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in T. gondii-infected pregnant mice. Furthermore, IOP effectively up-regulated the expression of forkhead box (Fox)p3, whereas down-regulated the expressions of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)γt, signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 and toll-like receptor (TLR)4, and inhibited the phosphorylations of nuclear factor-κappaB (NF-κB) p65 and inhibitor kappa(Iκ)Bα in placental tissues with T. gondii-infected mice. These findings demonstrate that IOP exerts protective effects against adverse pregnancy caused by T. gondii infection in mice by promoting the balance of T helper (Th)17/regulatory T (Treg) through regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
- Published
- 2019
38. Palladium-Catalyzed Selective Generation of CO from Formic Acid for Carbonylation of Alkenes
- Author
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Dong Kaiwu, Matthias Beller, Ralf Jackstell, Robert Franke, Helfried Neumann, Rui Sang, and Peter Kucmierczyk
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Base (chemistry) ,010405 organic chemistry ,Formic acid ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Regioselectivity ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,Decomposition ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Colloid and Surface Chemistry ,chemistry ,Organic chemistry ,Carbonylation ,Isomerization ,Palladium - Abstract
A general and selective palladium-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of all kinds of alkenes with formic acid (HCOOH, FA) is described. Terminal, di-, tri-, and tetra-substituted including functionalized olefins are converted into linear esters with high yields and regioselectivity. Key-to-success is the use of specific palladium catalysts containing ligands with built-in base, e.g., L5. Comparison experiments demonstrate that the active catalyst system not only facilitates isomerization and carbonylation of alkenes but also promotes the selective decomposition of HCOOH to CO under mild conditions.
- Published
- 2018
39. Rhodium-Catalyzed ortho -Cyanation of 2-Aryl-1,2,3-triazole: An Alternative Approach to Suvorexant
- Author
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Yong Wu, Qiantao Wang, Yi Zhao, Li Jing, Yang Zheng, Rui Sang, and Hai-Long Zhang
- Subjects
1,2,3-Triazole ,010405 organic chemistry ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,Suvorexant ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Cyanation ,010402 general chemistry ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Rhodium ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Published
- 2018
40. Palladium-catalyzed direct C–H ethoxycarbonylation of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles and efficient synthesis of suvorexant
- Author
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Hai-Long Zhang, Yong Wu, Qiantao Wang, Yang Zheng, Rui Sang, Xiaohua Wu, and Li Hai
- Subjects
010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Aryl ,Organic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Diethyl azodicarboxylate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reagent ,Organic chemistry ,Density functional theory ,Palladium - Abstract
Efficient palladium-catalyzed C–H ethoxycarbonylation of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles was developed by using diethyl azodicarboxylate as the esterification reagent. A wide variety of aryl esters containing 1,2,3-triazoles were obtained in moderate to good yields. In addition, density functional theory calculations were used to enhance the mechanistic studies.
- Published
- 2018
41. Cooperative catalytic methoxycarbonylation of alkenes: uncovering the role of palladium complexes with hemilabile ligands
- Author
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Robert Franke, Rui Sang, Ralf Jackstell, Dong Kaiwu, Zhihong Wei, Matthias Beller, Anke Spannenberg, Jie Liu, Ricarda Dühren, Haijun Jiao, and Helfried Neumann
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,010405 organic chemistry ,Ligand ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Palladium hydride ,Protonation ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Medicinal chemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Deprotonation ,chemistry ,Moiety ,Carbonylation ,Palladium - Abstract
Mechanistic studies of the catalyst [Pd2(dba)3/1,1′-bis(tert-butyl(pyridin-2-yl)phosphanyl)ferrocene, L2] for olefin alkoxycarbonylation reactions are described., Mechanistic studies of the catalyst [Pd2(dba)3/1,1′-bis(tert-butyl(pyridin-2-yl)phosphanyl)ferrocene, L2] for olefin alkoxycarbonylation reactions are described. X-ray crystallography reveals the coordination of the pyridyl nitrogen atom in L2 to the palladium center of the catalytic intermediates. DFT calculations on the elementary steps of the industrially relevant carbonylation of ethylene (the Lucite α-process) indicate that the protonated pyridyl moiety is formed immediately, which facilitates the formation of the active palladium hydride complex. The insertion of ethylene and CO into this intermediate leads to the corresponding palladium acyl species, which is kinetically reversible. Notably, this key species is stabilized by the hemilabile coordination of the pyridyl nitrogen atom in L2. The rate-determining alcoholysis of the acyl palladium complex is substantially facilitated by metal–ligand cooperation. Specifically, the deprotonation of the alcohol by the built-in base of the ligand allows a facile intramolecular nucleophilic attack on the acyl palladium species concertedly. Kinetic measurements support this mechanistic proposal and show that the rate of the carbonylation step is zero-order dependent on ethylene and CO. Comparing CH3OD and CH3OH as nucleophiles suggests the involvement of (de)protonation in the rate-determining step.
- Published
- 2018
42. Machine learning models to predict red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery
- Author
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Rui-Rui Sang, Huan Liu, Chun-Chen Yang, Lai Wei, Mi Jiang, Shun Liu, He Ren, Le-Ye Wang, Rong Zhou, Ruiming Rong, and Xing-Qiu Xia
- Subjects
Training set ,Blood transfusion ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Red Blood Cell Transfusion ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,030230 surgery ,Hematocrit ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Mitral valve ,medicine ,Original Article ,In patient ,Transfusion therapy ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Mitral valve surgery - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion therapy has been widely used in surgery, and has yielded excellent treatment outcomes. However, in some instances, the demand for RBC transfusion is assessed by doctors based on their experience. In this study, we use machine learning models to predict the need for RBC transfusion during mitral valve surgery to guide the surgeon’s assessment of the patient’s need for intraoperative blood transfusion. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 698 cases of isolated mitral valve surgery with and without combined tricuspid valve operation. Seventy percent of the database was used as the training set and the remainder as the testing set for 13 machine learning algorithms to build a model to predict the need for intraoperative RBC transfusion. According to the characteristic value of model mining, we analyzed the risk-related factors to determine the main effects of variables influencing the outcome. RESULTS: A total of 166 patients of the cases considered had undergone intraoperative RBC transfusion (24.52%). Of the 13 machine learning algorithms, CatBoost delivered the best performance, with an AUC of 0.888 (95% CI: 0.845–0.909) in testing set. Further analysis using the CatBoost model revealed that hematocrit (64 y), body weight (194.12×10(9)/L), RBC (
- Published
- 2021
43. Palladium‐Catalyzed Carbonylation of sec ‐ and tert ‐Alcohols
- Author
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Robert Franke, Dong Kaiwu, Ralf Jackstell, Rui Sang, Matthias Beller, Jie Liu, and Rauf Razzaq
- Subjects
Ligand ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Catalysis ,Turnover number ,0104 chemical sciences ,Organic chemistry ,Selectivity ,Palladium catalyst ,Carbonylation ,Palladium - Abstract
A general palladium-catalyzed synthesis of linear esters directly from sec- and tert-alcohols is described. Compared to the classic Koch–Haaf reaction, which leads to branched products, this new transformation gives the corresponding linear esters in high yields and selectivity. Key for this protocol is the use of an advanced palladium catalyst system with L2 (pytbpx) as the ligand. A variety of aliphatic and benzylic alcohols can be directly used and the catalyst efficiency for the benchmark reaction is outstanding (turnover number up to 89 000).
- Published
- 2017
44. Ligand-Free C-C Coupling Reactions Promoted by Hexagonal Boron Nitride-Supported Palladium(II) Catalyst in Water
- Author
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Weijian Li, Xu Cheng, Ruifang Nie, Rui Sang, Li Guo, Yong Wu, and Xiaojun Ma
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,Inorganic chemistry ,Infrared spectroscopy ,chemistry.chemical_element ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Boron nitride ,Thermal stability ,0210 nano-technology ,Palladium - Abstract
A micron-scale palladium(II) material has been successfully prepared using Schiff base-modified hexagonal boron nitride as a support and used for the first time as an efficient and recyclable catalyst in organic synthesis. The morphology, composition, metal loading and thermal stability of the catalyst were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. Then, the micron material was tested in various C–C cross-coupling reactions and exhibited excellent catalytic activities in the Suzuki and Heck reactions. Moreover, the catalyst could be easily recovered by simple filtration and reused at least ten times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. In general, this work demonstrates the possibility of using Schiff-base@hexagonal boron nitride as an efficient support for heterogeneous catalysts.
- Published
- 2017
45. Graphene oxide: An efficient recyclable solid acid for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes from aldehydes and indoles in water
- Author
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Rui Sang, Yong Wu, Mei Guan, Yang Zheng, Li Guo, and Yihong Wang
- Subjects
010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Graphene ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,Oxide ,Substrate (chemistry) ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Solid acid ,Alkylation ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,Environmentally friendly ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,law ,Organic chemistry ,0210 nano-technology ,Friedel–Crafts reaction - Abstract
An efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes from aldehydes with indoles through graphene oxide -catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation is developed. The reaction proceeds in water by using graphene oxide as the single catalyst to provide the desired products in good to excellent yields. Also, this methodology has a broad substrate scope, and is environment friendly and cost economic.
- Published
- 2017
46. Palladium(II)-Schiff base complex immobilized covalently on h-BN: An efficient and recyclable catalyst for aqueous organic transformations
- Author
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Mei Guan, Rui Sang, Guanghui Lv, Jie Li, Xu Cheng, Yong Wu, Yong Zhang, Xiaojun Ma, Weijian Li, and Ruifang Nie
- Subjects
Schiff base ,Aqueous solution ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Catalyst support ,Organic Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010402 general chemistry ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,01 natural sciences ,Biochemistry ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Solvent ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Reagent ,Drug Discovery ,Organic chemistry ,Palladium - Abstract
A moisture- and air-stable palladium(II)-Schiff base complex supported on h-BN was simply prepared by using commercially available reagents. This nanomaterial was applied as an excellent and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki and Heck cross-coupling reactions. And it has been characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM, XPS, TG and ICP-AES techniques. High yields, ligand-free, low reaction time, water as solvent, non-toxicity and recyclability of the catalyst are the main merits of these protocols. In addition, a series of pharmacologically relevant products were successfully synthesized using this catalyst. Above all, this work opens up an interesting and attractive avenue for the use of h-BN as an efficient support for heterogeneous catalysts.
- Published
- 2016
47. Copper-γ-cyclodextrin complexes immobilized on hexagonal boron nitride as an efficient catalyst in the multicomponent synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles
- Author
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Ruifang Nie, Hui Jin, Xu Cheng, Weijian Li, Rui Sang, Li Guo, Yang Zheng, Yong Wu, and Xiaojun Ma
- Subjects
Chemical substance ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,010402 general chemistry ,Heterogeneous catalysis ,01 natural sciences ,Copper ,Catalysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,law.invention ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ,Magazine ,law ,Click chemistry ,Sodium azide ,Organic chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
A copper-γ-cyclodextrin complex immobilized on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN@γ-CD@Cu(OAc)2) has been prepared for the first time. This recoverable and reusable heterogeneous catalyst can be used in the click synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles via a one-pot three-component reaction of boracic acid, terminal alkynes, and sodium azide at room temperature in water. FT-IR, XRD, SEM, XPS, TG, and ICP-AES techniques were used to characterize the catalyst. In general, this reaction, with the aid of this new catalyst, afforded the corresponding products with good yields and excellent tolerance of the functional groups.
- Published
- 2016
48. HAp@GO drug delivery vehicle with dual-stimuli-triggered drug release property and efficient synergistic therapy function against cancer
- Author
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Xianchun Chen, Min Chen, Yunfei Li, Rui Sang, Yuanyi Yang, Weizhong Yang, Yi Deng, and Jiacheng Shi
- Subjects
Drug ,Materials science ,Biocompatibility ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Pharmacology ,Models, Biological ,Cell Line ,Biomaterials ,Drug Delivery Systems ,stomatognathic system ,Neoplasms ,Materials Testing ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Doxorubicin ,media_common ,Chemotherapy ,Cell Death ,Metals and Alloys ,Cancer ,Drug Synergism ,Hyperthermia, Induced ,Photothermal therapy ,Phototherapy ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,medicine.disease ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Endocytosis ,Drug Liberation ,Durapatite ,Drug delivery ,Ceramics and Composites ,Drug release ,Graphite ,Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet ,Rabbits ,0210 nano-technology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Nanoscale hydroxyapatite (HAp) is an optimal candidate material in biomedical area for its good biocompatibility and bioactivity. In this study, HAp nanorods are prepared via hydrothermal method and combined with monolayered graphene oxide (GO). The obtained HAp@GO with excellent biocompatibility is revealed to have high drug loading capacity (698.7 μg/mg) for anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and efficient photothermal conversion property. And the drug release property of DOX loaded HAp@GO (HAp@GO-DOX) is demonstrated to be controlled by pH and near-infrared light, which is favorable for cancer therapy. in vitro studies on cancer therapy demonstrate that the combined treatment, compared with either chemotherapy or photothermal therapy alone, has better synergistic therapeutic effect. These findings prove the great potential application of the nanocomposites for cancer therapy.
- Published
- 2019
49. Protective Effects of Taraxasterol against Ethanol-Induced Liver Injury by Regulating CYP2E1/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways in Mice
- Author
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Yifan Yu, Rui Sang, Xuemei Zhang, Jinxia Li, Lu Xu, and Bingjie Ge
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Aging ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha ,Malondialdehyde ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Liver injury ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,biology ,lcsh:Cytology ,NF-kappa B ,Alanine Transaminase ,Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ,General Medicine ,CYP2E1 ,Glutathione ,Sterols ,Liver ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction ,Article Subject ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,Protective Agents ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Superoxide dismutase ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Animals ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,lcsh:QH573-671 ,Triglycerides ,Reactive oxygen species ,Ethanol ,Interleukin-6 ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Triterpenes ,IκBα ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Heme Oxygenase-1 - Abstract
Taraxasterol, a pentacyclic-triterpene compound, is one of the main active components isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Taraxacum. The objective of this study is to evaluate the protective effects of taraxasterol and its possible underlying mechanisms against ethanol-induced liver injury in mice. ICR mice were fed with Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 5% ethanol for 10 d and then challenged with a single dose of 20% ethanol (5 g/kg BW) by intragastric administration. The mice were intragastrically treated daily with taraxasterol (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg). Tiopronin was used as a positive control. The liver index was calculated, and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in sera were detected. The contents of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the livers were measured. The histopathological changes of liver tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The protein expression levels of hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), antioxidant protein heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway in liver tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods. Taraxasterol significantly reduced the ethanol-induced increases of liver index, ALT, AST, and TG levels in sera and TG and MDA contents in the livers and hepatic ROS production and suppressed the ethanol-induced decreases of hepatic GSH level and SOD activity. Taraxasterol also significantly inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 induced by ethanol. In addition, taraxasterol improved the liver histopathological changes in mice with ethanol-induced liver injury. Further studies revealed that taraxasterol significantly inhibited the ethanol-induced upregulation of CYP2E1, increased the ethanol-induced downregulation of Nrf2 and HO-1, and inhibited the degradation of inhibitory kappa Bα (IκBα) and the expression level of NF-κB p65 in liver tissues of ethanol-induced mice. These findings suggest that taraxasterol possesses the potential protective effects against ethanol-induced liver injury in mice by exerting antioxidative stress and anti-inflammatory response via CYP2E1/Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways.
- Published
- 2018
50. Selective catalytic two-step process for ethylene glycol from carbon monoxide
- Author
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Saravanakumar Elangovan, Anke Spannenberg, Ralf Jackstell, Dong Kaiwu, Yuehui Li, Kathrin Junge, Matthias Beller, and Rui Sang
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,010405 organic chemistry ,Commodity chemicals ,Science ,General Physics and Astronomy ,Fischer–Tropsch process ,General Chemistry ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorial chemistry ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Article ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Scientific method ,Oxidative coupling of methane ,Selectivity ,Ethylene glycol ,Carbon monoxide - Abstract
Upgrading C1 chemicals (for example, CO, CO/H2, MeOH and CO2) with C–C bond formation is essential for the synthesis of bulk chemicals. In general, these industrially important processes (for example, Fischer Tropsch) proceed at drastic reaction conditions (>250 °C; high pressure) and suffer from low selectivity, which makes high capital investment necessary and requires additional purifications. Here, a different strategy for the preparation of ethylene glycol (EG) via initial oxidative coupling and subsequent reduction is presented. Separating coupling and reduction steps allows for a completely selective formation of EG (99%) from CO. This two-step catalytic procedure makes use of a Pd-catalysed oxycarbonylation of amines to oxamides at room temperature (RT) and subsequent Ru- or Fe-catalysed hydrogenation to EG. Notably, in the first step the required amines can be efficiently reused. The presented stepwise oxamide-mediated coupling provides the basis for a new strategy for selective upgrading of C1 chemicals., Conversion of one-carbon feedstocks to more complex structures is vital for the production of bulk chemicals. Here, the authors report a highly selective method for the conversion of carbon monoxide to ethylene glycol by means of an oxamide intermediate.
- Published
- 2016
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