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India's Prime Minister, Narendra Modi, has set a goal for the country to become one of the world's top five computer chip manufacturers by 2029. This is part of India's plan to become a leading global economy. The rise of artificial intelligence and geopolitical instability have led to a global race to build chip factories. While India faces challenges in terms of infrastructure and competition, it aims to focus on producing 28 nanometre chips for cars and household appliances, rather than cutting-edge technology. India already has a significant chip design workforce and hopes to succeed with prolonged investment in the supply chain. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports on the use of supercomputers in China. It mentions the development of computer systems by Chinese companies, the software developed for the computers to work with artificial intelligence and big data, and the kinds of applications for which the supercomputers are used.

This article presents information on various events related to the computer industry to be held in several countries. 18th Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation 2004 will be held in Kufstein, Austria on May 16-19, 2004. The 17th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems will be held in Ottawa, Ontario on May 17-19. Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium will be held in Toronto, Ontario on May 25-28. International Conference on Management of Data and Symposium on Principles Database and Systems will be held in Paris, France on June 13-18.

In the late 1980's, artificial intelligence (AI) research encountered a difficult period. Funding agencies had lost faith in the primary, long-term objectives of Al research computers that think, understand, and exhibit expert behavior. The headway toward secondary goals--including speech recognition, pattern recognition, natural language translation, automatic classification, machine inference, diagnostics, decision support, chess, and robotics--was not enough to overcome doubts about achievability of the primary goals. Language-action philosophy reveals practical ways to improve coordination and effective action. A prominent example, discussed, was captured in an email system by Action Technologies called The Coordinator. This system, which ran on half a million IBM DOSP Windows platforms, tracked conversations for action, the loops in which one person performs an action in response to another person's request. In a 1987 demo, my Action Technologies host showed me he could manage twice as many projects using the software.

This article presents a list of conferences on computers to be held in different countries from September 2001 to January 2002. The 24th ACM/SIGIR International Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval will be held in New Orleans, Louisiana during September 17-19, 2001. First International Conference on Wireless Internet Technologies will be held in Beijing, China during September 17-19, 2001. LPNMR'01-6th International Conference on Logic Programming and Nonmotonic Reasoning will be held in Vienna, Austria during September 17-19, 2001. KI-2001-Joint German/Austrian Conference on Artificial Intelligence will be held in Vienna, Austria during September 19-21, 2001. Quality of Future Internet Services (QOFIS'2001) will be held in Coimbra, Portugal during September 24-26, 2001. South African Institute of Computer Scientists and Information Technologists Annual Conference SAICSIT 2001 is scheduled to be held in Pretoria Gauteng, South Africa during September 25-28, 2001. ICCIT'01: International Conference on Computing and Information Technologies will be held in Montclair, New Jersey on October 12, 2001.

The article presents information on various events and happenings related to the computer industry, as of March 1, 2000. The International Symposium on Physical Design 2000 is being held at San Diego, California, in 2000. American Association for Artificial Intelligence 2000 Spring Symposium on "Smart Graphics" is being held in Palo Alto, California. The Simulation Solutions 2000 conference is being held in March 2000. The International Business Forum on Mobile Systems, The 5th Business Forum, is being held in March 2000. The 12th ITC Specialist Seminar on Teletraffic Issues Related to Mobile Systems and Mobility is being held in Norway. The International Symposium on Telemedicine and Teleeducation in Practice ISTEP 2000 will be held in Slovakia. The 6th International Conference on Auditory Display will be held in April 2000. The 10th Conference on Computers, Freedom and Privavcy, will take place in April 2000.

For many graphic designers and artists, the idea of computers entering the design process was viewed as threatening. The exploration of visual forms and sense of communication in visual design was viewed as essentially and uniquely human and the incursion of the computer into the process was viewed by many as demeaning the role of the creative professional. Of all the branches of computer science that proposed relevance to visual design and communication, artificial intelligence was perhaps the most threatening of them all, since it proposed to model aesthetic judgment, which, in a pessimistic view, might leave little role for a human designer. A small handful of visual designers, however, saw it very differently. A lot had to do with the designer's personal view of the design process itself. The prevailing culture often viewed design as magic, designers as magicians. But some viewed the design process as a constant search for the relation between form and meaning, a continuing exploration of possibilities for expression. They welcomed tools that could assist a designer in relating form and meaning, in exploring and evaluating alternatives. They saw the possibility for the computer to become an intelligent partner in the design process, to extend the reach and grasp of the human designer.

This article focuses on the accomplishments of Artificial intelligence (AI). AI can be both more or less than human intelligence. There will be properties of human intelligence that may not be exhibited in an AI system. Conversely there will be capabilities of an AI system that will be beyond the reach of human intelligence. Ultimately, what will be accomplished by AI will depend more on what society needs and where AI may have a comparative advantage than on philosophical considerations. AI systems will have super human capabilities that would extend the reach and functionality of individuals and communities. Those who possess these tools will make the rest of us look like primitive tribes. While AI has not played a substantial role in the growth of computer industry, except for the expert system technology, it appears possible that we are poised on the threshold of a number of important applications that could have a major impact on society. Two such applications include an accident-avoiding car and a reading coach.

The author discusses the optimism expressed by British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak with regard to the investment and regulation of artificial intelligence (AI) and supercomputing systems by the British government. Topics discussed include the economic productivity and growth which may be generated by AI according to Sunak, the set of rules that need to be considered by the British government to ensure AI safety and flexibility, and the funds and energy needed to sustain AI development.

The article discusses computer software development, particularly the addition of features to an existing product. Research shows that feature models can be reduced to propositional formulas to make an analysis of their efficacy easier. When analyzing the benefits and drawbacks of feature addition, programmers should examine their impact on model consistency and performance scalability. The use of model-driven development and artificial intelligence configurators by programmers is detailed.

As researchers and product designers, programmers are colleagues as well as competitors, creating systems that will support people in their work. But striking new paradigms, styles of working that could shape the whole field, are usually "in the air" long before they mature and become accepted. The article presents a short commentary from Xerox PARC's vice president John Seely Brown, a pioneer in artificial intelligence and education who nurtures and is guru to Xerox PARC-the ever present foundry of new paradigms in computing interfaces. Brown's piece should not leave us with the feeling that technology advancement is strictly evolutionary. While he cautions us that it is hard to visualize too far from what exists. A non-incremental approach and legacy from the actual work of Brown is presented. He helps us to understand questions like How do programmers as an informal community of innovators choose projects, which paradigms for using computers succeed, how do programmers nurture emerging paradigms before they are ready for widespread acceptance.

The article offers news briefs on the computing machinery industry. Thomas Phillips has been named as the new executive director of the Computing Sciences Accreditation Board. Contel Corp., is working for the establishment of a technology center to research software engineering, systems sciences and artificial intelligence. Kent K. Curtis of the National Science Foundation died on December 17, 1987 due to cancer.

Reports on the efforts of top computer companies to develop a perfect autonomic computing technology. Significance of open standards on the deployment of autonomic intelligence; Features of the autonomic computing technology; Significance of the technology on the computer industry; Factors influencing the industry's efforts.

Reports the launch of the Fifth Generation Computer Project in Japan. Goals of the project; Competition with the western supremacy in computer technology; Development of a revolutionary computer systems incorporating concepts of artificial intelligence; Advantages of the system.

The article provides an update on modern terms and phrases used in lexicon language in the U.S. and other parts of the world. It features a collection of modern terms used in lexicon, together with their definitions to help enhance e-learning skills. These terms include accessibility, a characteristic of technology that empowers people with disabilities to use it, artificial intelligence, which refers to the range of technologies that permit computer systems to perform complex functions, and collaboration technology, which describes as software, platforms or services that allows people to communicate at different locations and work with more secure and self-contained working environment.

The article reports developments in the operation of Nvidia as of July 2018, including the launching by chief executive officer (CEO) Jensen Huang of the Jetson Javier computer for robotics application. Also cited are the topics discussed at Nvidia's press conference including artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning, as well as the failure of the company to launch a new generation of its GeForce graphics processing unit (GPU).

Allen Newell Award is presented to individuals who have made career contributions that span the breadth of computer science or that bridge computer science and other disciplines. The endowed award of $10,000 is supported by the American Association for Artificial Intelligence and by individual contributions. The 1995 award was presented to Joshua Lederberg (Rockefeller University) for his pathbreaking contributions to the application of computer-science research in chemistry and biology and for his leadership in building computer-networked communities in these areas of science.

A new White House study suggests the U.S. can regain its former standing in the information technology market by building computers and AI systems based on brain and biological processes. The Office of Science and Technology Policy reports that brain research can influence progress in massive parallel processing, cognitive Al systems, and complex imaging systems. According to presidential science adviser D. Allan Bromley, the 1990s have been federally designated as the "decade of the brain."

The article focuses on Watson, the artificial intelligence system computer hardware company IBM has launched. Topics discussed include Watson's capabilities, the developer platform called Ecosytem IBM created around Watson, and brief profiles of various Watson startups that have access to IBM business and technology advisers through the Ecosystem including Pathway Genomics in San Diego, California, LifeLearn in Guelph, Ontario, and SparkCognition in Austin, Texas.

The article details how cybersecurity fits into the portfolio of computer services company IBM, as explained by IBM Vice-President (VP) and Chief Technology Officer (CTO) Sridhar Muppidi. Topics discussed are the tasks of IBM in understanding threats and the risks they present to organizations, IBM's spending on artificial intelligence (AI) research and its security.

IBM Corp. is working on new search technology that may eventually give Google Inc. a run for its money, at least in the corporate space. Using a combination of artificial intelligence techniques, the company's Unstructured Information Management Architecture (UIMA) is tackling the problem of understanding unstructured data. UIMA uses what IBM Corp. officials call a "combination hypothesis" to deliver knowledge and understanding to bulk amounts of unstructured data. IBM Corp. has developed three systems based on UIMA. The first, internally called Jedi, is a pure Java version of the framework, another is a C++ version. A third, which is the most likely to go into broader use and into products in some form, is called Web Fountain and uses a Web services approach. Web Fountain also features natural language functionality, which allows it to find correlated subjects.

Focuses on the survival of artificial intelligence (AI) companies in the computer market in the U.S. Advantages of AI technologies to customers; Difference between AI companies and software companies competing for sales in the market.

The article discusses the improvements in the user-dialogue system reCAPTCHA posted by Vinay Shet, product manager for reCAPTCHA, on the Google Online Security Blog as of October 25, 2013 implementing risk analysis techniques. The nonsymmetrical letters challenge the automated bots to enter into the website, while the numerals are not visible to the Internet bots. The Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart was developed by professor Von Ahn in 2000.

Reports on the upcoming technology of Blue Pearl Software Inc. that will identify and fix functional and design-for-test errors in RTL code, locate false paths and automatically generate timing constraints for synthesis. Collaboration of the company with Veritable Inc.; Significance of the collaboration for the expansion of Veritable's technology into the tool markets; Upcoming tools Blue Pearl will address.

This article focuses on SystemVerilog hardware description and verification language introduced as of December 15, 2003. The language has far broader capabilities, more complex syntax and a whole new learning curve. It is designed to be fully backward-compatible with Verilog language, while incorporating a host of new features by means of technology donations from such companies as Co-Design Automation Inc., Synopsys Inc., Verplex Systems and Intel Corp. Management will enjoy the productivity benefits of a common language for design and verification. The complex transition from system model to implementation will be greatly eased.

Presents information on the holding of the Comdex computer show as of December 2000. Views on some products featured at the show; Impact of artificial intelligence in the area of computing.

This article cites a study by researchers at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, which indicates that people find being mimicked by artificial intelligence just as persuasive and likeable as being mimicked by humans. Participants in the study listened to an argument given by an artificial agent that either mimicked the listeners' head movements or repeated the movements of another participant. Listeners who were mimicked viewed agents as more likeable than did those who listened to agents that did not mimic them.

There is no precise definition of artificial intelligence (IA) but broadly, it's a field that attempts to provide machines with humanlike reasoning and language-processing capabilities. This article reports that researchers are now emerging from what has been called an "AI winter" with renewed interest in the biology of the brain and research honed to practical applications in medicine, customer service, manufacturing, education and other areas. It describes the useful application of the Intelligence Distribution Agent, developed for the U.S. Navy, and its anticipated use in performing jobs such as negotiating with humans in unstructured English and making decisions by looking up data.

Argues that computer software should be able to recognize human patterns of behavior and make lives easier. Explanation that an important middle ground between dumb software and intelligence people imagine is waiting to be occupied; Illustration on how should technology work for humans; Problems facing email as a form of communication.