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The purpose of this workshop was to work out sound, practical means of promoting better intergroup communication in American cities and improving community action on hard-core unemployment and other problems of the urban poor. Frustrations and aspirations of ghetto people were illustrated in a film. Panel interviews and an audience question session were held with Negro youth leaders. Prepared papers, summaries, and remarks were offered on psychological, social, and other factors in urban unrest; the need for indigenous ghetto leadership; leadership through ghetto self help in Detroit; manpower and consumer potentials of the urban poor; recruiting and job coaching of the hard core unemployed in Chicago; and accommodating employer entry job requirements in Missouri. (The document includes references; research data on 17 indicators of future urban violence in several dozen high probability cities; and statistical data on labor force trends, variation in unemployment rates, incidence of poverty, proportions of Negroes in major cities and regious, educational attainments of Negroes, occupations of nonwhites, income growth and distributions, and consumer expenditures.) (ly)

ROLE TRANSITIONS IN ADULT CAREER DEVELOPMENT IS PRESENTED IN TERMS OF THE TECHNICAL, SOCIAL, AND DIRECTIVE ROLE ELEMENTS FOUND IN TWO STUDIES OF MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT. THE INDIVIDUAL'S LIFE SPACE IS THE BASIC FORMULATION OF THIS IDEA. THAT IS, MAJOR CHANGES IN THE CONFIGURATION OF THE INDIVIDUAL'S INTERPERSONAL NETWORK CONSTITUTE ROLE TRANSITION. TECHNICAL, SOCIAL, AND DIRECTIVE ROLE PERFORMANCE ARE THREE DIMENSIONS OF MANAGERIAL BEHAVIOR. THE MANNER IN WHICH THE INDIVIDUAL RESOLVES POTENTIAL CONFLICT AMONG THESE THREE ROLES, EITHER BY INTEGRATION, POLARIZATION, OR WITHDRAWL, IS RELATED TO HIS OVERALL EFFECTIVENESS IN THE JOB. THE MORE EFFECTIVE CAREER IS MARKED BY ROLE TRANSITION EMBRACING ALL THREE COMPONENTS. SOCIAL, TECHNICAL, AND DIRECTIVE ROLE PERFORMANCE ALSO REFLECTS A NATURAL SEQUENCE OF INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP DEVELOPMENT OVER TIME. THIS PAPER WAS READ AT THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION MEETING (WASHINGTON, D.C., SEPTEMBER 2, 1967). (CG)

A CONFERENCE WAS HELD FOR THE PURPOSE OF ESTABLISHING GUIDELINES FOR A STATUS SURVEY AND RESEARCH PROJECT IN AMERICAN INDIAN EDUCATION. THREE BACKGROUND PAPERS WERE PRESENTED WHICH PROVIDED AN HISTORICAL REVIEW OF PREVIOUS RESEARCH IN INDIAN EDUCATION, ANALYZED CURRENT RESEARCH, AND CONSIDERED CURRENT ACTION PROGRAMS. PANELISTS DISCUSSED THE KINDS OF RESEARCH NEEDED AND CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS MADE THE FOLLOWING RECOMMENDATIONS--(1) A NATIONAL RESEARCH PROJECT ON INDIAN EDUCATION IS NEEDED IN WHICH INDIAN LEADERSHIP WOULD BE A PREREQUISITE, (2) SUCH A RESEARCH PROJECT SHOULD BE MULTI-DISCIPLINARY IN ITS APPROACH, (3) INDISCRIMINATE INTELLIGENCE AND PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING OF INDIAN CHILDREN SHOULD BE AVOIDED, (4) EVALUATION AND SAMPLING PROCEDURES SHOULD PROVIDE FOR IN-DEPTH STUDY AND AN ADEQUATE CROSS-SECTION OF INDIAN CHILDREN, (5) THE OVERALL PLANNING, DIRECTION, AND COORDINATION SHOULD BE LOCATED IN A SINGLE RESEARCH ORGANIZATION, (6) INDIAN RESEARCHERS SHOULD BE TRAINED AND USED IN THE OPERATIONS OF THE RESEARCH PROJECT, AND (7) RESEARCH RESULTS SHOULD BE MADE AVAILABLE TO THE INDIAN LEADERSHIP IN ORDER TO DEVELOP EDUCATIONAL POLICIES AND ESTABLISH EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS. (JS)

THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN THE NATION'S SEARCH FOR LEADERS IS EXAMINED IN THIS SERIES OF 52 PAPERS, WHICH DEAL WITH LEADERSHIP BOTH IN AND OUT OF THE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION. TOPICS ARE GROUPED IN SEVEN UNITS--(1) THE QUEST FOR MORALITY, (2) ENLARGED RESPONSIBILITY, (3) APPROACHES TO LEADERSHIP, (4) BROADER VISIONS OF LEADERSHIP, (5) STUDENT POTENTIAL, (6) SPECIFIC AREAS OF LEADERSHIP, AND (7) JOINING FORCES. THIS DOCUMENT IS ALSO AVAILABLE AS STOCK NUMBER 255-08282 FOR $5.00 FROM AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION, NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036. (WO)

A MULTIDISCIPLINARY TRAINING INSTITUTE WAS PROVIDED FOR A SELECT GROUP OF 40 STATE AND LOCAL VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING PERSONNEL EMPLOYED IN LEADERSHIP POSITIONS. THE DESIGN OF THE INSTITUTE EMPHASIZED THE DEVELOPMENT OF UNDERSTANDINGS, KNOWLEDGES, AND PROFESSIONAL MATERIALS RELATED TO (1) ECONOMIC FACTORS INFLUENCING VOCATIONAL EDUCATION NEEDS AND THE VOCATIONAL DECISION-MAKING PROCESS, (2) SOCIAL AND CULTURAL FACTORS OF VOCATIONAL COUNSELING, (3) PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS RELATED TO CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND VOCATIONAL CHOICES, AND (4) ADMINISTRATIVE CONSIDERATIONS IN THE EVALUATION OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY FACTORS IN VOCATIONAL PROGRAM ORGANIZATION AS WELL AS IN THE COORDINATION OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ACTIVITIES AT ALL ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS. THE FORMAT OF THE INSTITUTE PROVIDED FOR 30 HOURS OF SCHEDULED ACTIVITIES IN EACH OF 4 WEEKS. ONE-HALF OF THIS TIME WAS DEVOTED TO LECTURE AND DISCUSSION OF THE DIMENSIONS OF VOCATIONAL COUNSELING IN THE FOUR AREAS OF ECONOMICS, SOCIOLOGY, PSYCHOLOGY, AND ADMINISTRATION. THE BALANCE OF THE TIME WAS DEVOTED TO SMALL-GROUP WORK SESSIONS IN THE PREPARATION OF PROFESSIONAL WORKING PAPERS ON ASSIGNED TOPICS RELATED TO THE MAJOR AREAS. THE OVERALL EVALUATION OF THE INSTITUTE BY THE TRAINEES AND THE STAFF WAS FAVORABLE TO THE MULTIDISCIPLINARY CURRICULUM APPROACH USED AND TO THE HIGH DEGREE OF TRAINEE INVOLVEMENT WHICH THE INSTITUTE'S FORMAT REQUIRED. A FOLLOWUP WAS RECOMMENDED TO DETERMINE THE LONG-TERM TRAINING EFFECTIVENESS. A RELATED REPORT IS AA 000 050. (JH)

IN PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE 1967 MEETING OF THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY EXTENSION ASSOCIATION, A UNIVERSITY EXTENSION DIRECTOR, ACADEMIC EXPERTS ON COMMUNITY THEORY, REGIONAL AND COMMUNITY AFFAIRS, AND AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, AND FEDERAL ADMINISTRATORS DISCUSS ISSUES AND IDEAS AFFECTING THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN HELPING TO IMPROVE COMMUNITIES. THE REQUISITES FOR PURPOSIVE SOCIAL CHANGE ARE EXAMINED AGAINST THE BACKDROP OF COMPLEX SOCIAL STRUCTURES AND RAPIDLY CHANGING SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND VALUES. A HIERARCHICAL GEOGRAPHIC MODEL IS SET FORTH TO ILLUSTRATE A CONCEPTION OF URBAN GROWTH AND FUNCTIONS. COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT IS VIEWED IN TERMS OF THE KINDS OF LEADERSHIP NEEDED TO HELP CITIZENS MEET ECONOMIC AND OTHER PROBLEMS THAT REQUIRE GROUP DECISION AND GROUP ACTION. A PROPOSED COLLEGE-PUBLIC SERVICE TRAINING PROGRAM WOULD ENGAGE STUDENTS (MAINLY UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES) IN SEMINARS, WORKSHOPS, AND PRACTICAL SERVICE TO THE COMMUNITY, EITHER DURING THE SCHOOL TERM OR IN VACATION PERIODS. FINALLY, TWO ASSESSMENTS OF THE OUTLOOK FOR COMMUNITY SERVICE AND PLANNING POLICY UNDER TITLE I OF THE HIGHER EDUCATION ACT OF 1965 GIVE EVIDENCE OF BOTH SUCCESS AND FAILURE IN DEVELOPING COMPREHENSIVE, INTERDISCIPLINARY PROGRAMS FOUNDED ON THE BASIC PROCESSES OF SOCIAL CHANGE. (LY)

INCREASED PRESSURES FOR PROVIDING VARIOUS PUBLIC RECREATION PROGRAMS HAVE LED COMMUNITIES AND SCHOOL DISTRICTS TO SEARCH FOR INCREASED FINANCIAL SUPPORT TO MAINTAIN RECREATION SERVICES AT EXISTING LEVELS OR TO INITIATE NEW PROGRAMS. THIS BOOK IS A COLLECTION OF PAPERS PRESENTED AT THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PLANNING AND FINANCING SCHOOL-COMMUNITY RECREATION IN LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA, DECEMBER 27-30, 1966, SPONSORED BY THE RECREATION DIVISION OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR HEALTH, PHYSICAL EDUCATION, AND RECREATION. THE CONFERENCE PROGRAM FOCUSED ON SUCH TOPICS AS (1) FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL PATTERNS OF SUPPORT, (2) SOURCES AND METHODS OF OBTAINING FUNDS, (3) AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES FOR PROGRAM, LEADERSHIP, RESEARCH, PLANNING, AND ACQUISITION AND DEVELOPMENT, AND (4) REPORTS OF SUCCESSFUL CITY, COUNTY, AND SCHOOL PROGRAMS OF RECREATION. PRACTICAL SOLUTIONS TO THE SPECIFIC AND IMMEDIATE PROBLEMS OF PAYING FOR NEEDED RECREATIONAL FACILITIES AND PROGRAMS WERE EMPHASIZED. THIS DOCUMENT IS AVAILABLE IN HARD COPY FROM AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR HEALTH, PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND RECREATION, A DEPARTMENT OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION, 1201 SIXTEENTH STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036. (HW)

THE CONFEREES HEARD NINE PAPERS ON TOPICS OF CONCERN TO AN IN-COMING PRESIDENT. THEY COVERED (1) GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS FOR LEADERSHIP, (2) DUTIES OF THE BOARD AS RELATED TO THE PRESIDENT, (3) SUGGESTIONS FOR ESTABLISHING THE INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM, (4) SELECTION OF THE TEACHING STAFF, (5) DEVELOPMENT OF THE IN-SERVICE TEACHER PROGRAMS, (6) THE PLACE OF THE FACULTY IN COLLEGE GOVERNMENT, (7) AN EXAMPLE OF BUDGET PREPARATION, (8) THE VALUE OF INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL PUBLIC RELATIONS, AND (9) PRESS RELATIONS. (HH)

LEADERSHIP IN SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION MUST BEGIN IN THE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES. THE NEED FOR CHANGES IN STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION, AND GOALS OF HIGHER EDUCATION IS BASED UPON THREE ASSUMPTIONS--(1) HIGHER EDUCATION IS LARGELY IRRELEVANT UNLESS IT FULFILLS ITS FUNCTION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF CONTINUOUS, CONSTRUCTIVE SOCIAL CRITICISM, (2) HIGHER EDUCATION SHOULD HELP STUDENTS TO GAIN A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF VALUES, IDEAS, AND SCIENTIFIC HABITS OF THOUGHT AND ACTION SO THAT THEY MAY BETTER UNDERSTAND, CONTROL, AND IMPROVE THEIR NATURAL-SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS, AND (3) SCHOOLS WILL FULFILL NEITHER OF THESE UNTIL THEY BECOME INTEGRATIVE RATHER THAN FRAGMENTIVE. OUR SOCIETY NEEDS BROAD SPECIALISTS WHO SEE THE DATA AND THEORY OF THEIR DISCIPLINES WITHIN THE BROADER CONTEXT OF OUR NATURAL-SOCIAL REALITIES. THE FUTURE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION MUST LEARN THAT THE BEST TEACHING AND THE BEST LEARNING OCCUR IN THE COURSE OF RESEARCH INVOLVEMENT WHICH IS A METHOD OF CHANGE, NOT MERELY A DESCRIPTION OF WHAT IS. ADVANTAGES TO BE GAINED BY THIS APPROACH INCLUDE THE DESTRUCTION OF BARRIERS BETWEEN TEACHING AND RESEARCH, BROADENING OF FACULTY SCOPE, DEVELOPMENT OF A SENSE OF COMMUNITY, AND STUDENT COMMITMENT TO SOCIAL GOALS. THIS PAPER WAS DELIVERED AT THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGHER EDUCATION (22ND, CHICAGO, MARCH 7, 1967). (HM)

LINKING ROLES IN THE DISSEMINATION AND UTILIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE ARE INVESTIGATED. THE VARIOUS TYPES OF AGENTS LINKING RESEARCH AND PRACTICE INCLUDE--(1) THE CONVEYOR, (2) THE CONSULTANT, (3) THE LEADER, (4) KNOWLEDGE BUILDERS, (5) THE DEFENDER, (6) THE INNOVATOR, (7) PRACTITIONERS, AND (8) THE USER. THREE ISSUES CONCERNING THE INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT OF THE LINKING ROLE ARE EXAMINED--(1) INSTITUTIONAL BARRIERS WHICH AFFECT KNOWLEDGE DISSEMINATION AND UTILIZATION, (2) INSTITUTION TYPES WHICH MOST EFFECTIVELY SUPPORT AND CONTROL LINKING ROLES, AND (3) INSTITUTION TYPES WHICH SERVE AS LINKERS. ENDEMIC PROBLEMS IN LINKING ROLES ARE SUMMARIZED IN TERMS OF OVERLOAD AND MARGINALITY. PLANNING AND ADMINISTRATION REQUIRE FOUR ACTIONS TO BUILD A FUNCTIONING SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE LINKERS--(1) BUILD AN INSTITUTION WHICH INCLUDES AND SUPPORTS THE REQUIRED ROLES, (2) RECRUIT CANDIDATES TO SERVE IN THESE ROLES, (3) TRAIN THESE RECRUITS TO FILL THE ROLES, AND (4) SUPPLY THEM WITH THE EQUIPMENT NECESSARY TO HELP THEM DO A GOOD JOB. THIS PAPER WAS PRESENTED AT THE UCEA CAREER DEVELOPMENT SEMINAR, CO-SPONSORED BY THE UNIVERSITY COUNCIL FOR EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION AND THE UNIVERSITY OF OREGON (17TH, PORTLAND, OREGON, OCTOBER 22-25, 1967). (HW)

Five papers focus on the interrelated themes of school organization and innovation. They report on some preliminary analyses of field studies conducted during 1968 on such structural, sociocultural, and sociopsychological variables as division of labor, performance of organizational functions, decision making studies and processes, hierarchies of authority and esteem, rule observation, value systems, reward systems, and leadership. The authors and their studies are (1) Max G. Abbott, "Programmatic Research and Development on Innovativeness and the Organizational Attributes of Schools;" (2) Terry L. Eidell, Ronald Little, and Jon Thorlacius, "Uniformity and Variability in the Organizational Characteristics of Elementary Schools;" (3) Nico Stehr, George Lewis, and Roland J. Pellegrin, "Task Differentiation in Elementary Schools: An Exploratory Analysis;" (4) Charles J. Dudley, Keith F. Smith, and Roland J. Pellegrin, "The Decision-Making Structure of Schools;" and (5) Max G. Abbott and C. Michael Stuart, "The School Over Time: Our Findings Compared with Those of Waller." (HW)

A sequel to "A Portfolio of Outstanding Americans of Mexican Descent", this portfolio contains 24 portraits and biographical sketches in both English and Spanish of Mexican American personalities who have become familiar as emergent figures in various sectors of public life. Featured are several women who have made themselves audible as activists. Taken together, these men and women form a selective portrait of La Raza. The personalities are: Frank Angel, Jr., Romana A. Banuelos, Joe J. Bernal, Edward L. Barrera, Vikki Carr, Jose Andres Chacon, Patrick F. Flores, Jose Angel Gutierrez, Ronaldo Henriquez, Mari-Luci Jaramillo, Nancy Lopez, Roberto A. Mondragon, Luis Nogales, Graciela Gil Olivares, Philip D. Ortego, Donald N. Pacheco, James Plunkett, Henry M. Ramirez, Ruben Salazar, Phillip V. Sanchez, Reies Lopez Tijerina, Irene Tovar, Daniel T. Valdes, and Jose Ramos Valdez. Printed on heavy paper stock (11" x 14") and drawn in black and white, the prints are suitable for display purposes. The prints can be used as the basis of study and further inquiry into the accomplishments of American's Hispanic citizens, or in the teaching of both English as a second language and Spanish as a foreign language. (NQ)

The portfolio contains 24 portraits with biographical sketches of outstanding contemporary American Indians. Representing several tribes, occupations, and points of view, the subjects are: Henry Adams, Louis W. Ballard, Robert L. Bennett, George Blue Spruce, Jarrett Blythe, Louis R. Bruce, Leon Cook, Ada Deer, Vine Deloria, Jr., James Gladstone, La Donna Harris, Ned Hatathli, Allan Houser, Peter MacDonnald, Billy Mills, N. Scott Momaday, Barney Old Coyote, Alfonso Ortiz, Helen L. Peterson, Arthur Raymond, Everett B. Rhoades, Gwendolyn Shunatona, Joseph C. Vasquez, and Annie Dodge Wauneka. These subjects can serve as role models for elementary and secondary students. Many of the biographies suggest topics worthy of further reading and research. Printed on heavy paper stock (11" x 14") and drawn in black and white, the portraits are suitable for classroom display. (NQ)

Highlights the major themesrunning through a series of papers on the remaking of the elementary school principalship: the way things are, the way they are changing, and the way they are supposed to be. (WM)

Two studies were specifically designed to test the effect which leadership training and experience would have on the performance of relationship-motivated and task-motivated leaders. In the first study it was predicted that task-relevant training and experience would make the situation more favorable in the task-structure dimension. Subjects were 55 section chiefs in charge of gun crews in a field artilary group. The results completely supported the Contingency Model which holds that training improves the favorableness of the leadership situation. The second study was conducted to validate the findings of the first study. The subjects were 58 navy petty officers who supervised various maintenance shops of two naval aviation squadrons. The results again supported the Contingency Model and were highly similar to those obtained in the first study. These two studies help to explain the reason for the poor research results on leadership training and organizational effectiveness, since they support the Contingency Model's reconceptualization of leadership training and experience. (Several pages may be light.) (Author/BW)

The rationale for the study of relationships between teacher-professed control ideology and their leader behavior, as observed by their pupils, was constructed from findings and conceptual assertions of Halpin, Winer, and Willower. Student discipline referral sheets were content-analyzed according to misbehavior categories. Significant ideological differences in leader behavior quartiles were not found. Significant differences, however, were found between ideology quartiles and for Initiating Structure between leader behavior and open, verbal misbehavior. The effective teacher-leader appears to achieve a delicate fusion of command and support. Comparable results to Halpin's study were obtained. (Three tables of data are included.) (Author)

The dissertation traces the history of the organization and development of the Illinois Home Economics Program from its inception at the University of Illinois to the 1950s; and analyzes influences of social order upon the administrative structure and programs and an adult educational institution. Sources of data include annual reports, files, paper collections, congressional records, and statements prepared or made by people who had participated in the program. Seven societal forces that had a bearing on the course of the evolving organization and program were identified: economic values and motivation of professional leaders, and institutional aims and characteristics as identified by leaders. Some of the conclusions made were: urbanization brought a greater demand for the employment of women; educational forces helped women to develop county programs; personal motivation of leaders and economic trends influenced participation in the program; political forces brought financial aid; and the program had its foundation in a framework basic to an educated citizenry which includes a democratic government, a public school system, and educational movements to reach the industrial and agricultural classes. (Author/PT)

The method most organizations use in processing information to carry on their management goals are inadequate for the modern world. A convergence of theoretical and empirical work can create new ways of thinking about management. Four areas which can help to achieve better organizational procedures need concentrated study: new conceptual tools (for understanding organized complexity), more research work which enhances an understanding of the structure and process of organizations, a realization that an organization's information processing reflects its will for survival, and more extensive subject research based upon actual case studies. (CH)

The introductory chapter of this document describes the Anderson Center for Personal Development, of Bowling Green (Ohio) University, as a vehicle for the study of morals, standards, and ethics. Sponsored by the center, this publication contains 12 papers by 13 authors that focus on the educational administrator and values. Special emphasis is placed on the changing role of the administrator; the humanities in educational administrator education; human values and educational leadership; values and value relationships of elementary school principals; educational and administrative values, goals, priorities, and their implementation; values, behaviors, and decision making; and attitudes of prospective principals. An outline of the group discussions on values at the 1968 National Conference of Professors of Educational Administration is included. A two-part comparison of public school administrators with professors of educational administration ends the report. The section includes a substantive analysis of score comparisons on a leadership attitude scale and a brief report of a second study that compares members of the two groups by their responses to a survey instrument on their values orientations. (JK)

Conference papers on community development problems and prospects deal with needs, methods, objectives, resources, and the role of universities, with particular reference to urban areas. Concerns include deficiencies in knowledge, leadership, government, and the quality of urban life; land use and urban design; principles of economic development and redevelopment as illustrated by successes in Burlington, Vermont, and Evansville, Indiana; the costs and benefits of intergovernmental relations; intergovernmental cooperation in Pennsylvania; and cooperation among academicians, businessmen, and politicians to improve urban leadership. (ly)

The historical study of the plight of Mexican Americans is divided into 3 sections. Part I relates the beginnings of Mexico, from Spanish injustices to the Indians to how the Indians felt about Black men. Various historical facts are briefly presented. Part II treats Mexico's efforts to become a republic, various aspects of the wars between Mexicans and United States settlers, and the Cart Wars. This section also includes phases of French effort to rule Mexico and facts about the Mexican Revolution. Emphasis is placed on Part III which presents the efforts of the Mexican American to be heard. This is accomplished through the formation of organizations and the emergence of leaders. Labor arguments, prejudice encountered by Mexican American soldiers during World War II, and the cycle of poverty are discussed. The G. I. Forum and Community Services Organization are examples cited of efforts to maintain some human dignity. The epilogue briefly discusses civil rights. Throughout the paper terms such as Chicano, Bracero, and La Raza are defined and incidents in the lives of individual Mexican Americans are related. (CM)

Annual campaigns or capital campaigns have an important place in fund raising for higher education. Increasing competition for funds demands that the campaign organization be more professional and that workers and volunteers be more thoroughly trained. Greater care must be used in developing the five essential elements in an annual campaign: (1) The case, (2) leadership, (3) volunteer workers, (4) prospects, and (5) campaign dynamics. One of the most essential ingredients to success is the enthusiasm of those individuals involved, who must use public relations skillfully and sell ideas rather than ask for contributions. (TT)

In a summary of the twelfth annual conference of International University Contact for Management Education (IUC), management education problems and prospects in Germany are examined in panel discussions on program content, the role of university teachers, and cooperation between universities and industry in the area of management research. Also featured is a research paper based on findings that stress the influence of organizational structures, together with human conflicts, adjustments, motives, satisfactions, and dissatisfactions within these structures, on the overall performance or effectiveness of industrial and business firms. Finally, a report is given of group discussions on the dimensions of theory and practice and on the effective teaching of organizational theory. The conference roster and seven charts are included. (ly)

AN INVESTIGATION WAS CONDUCTED--(1) TO DESCRIBE SIGNIFICANT PROBLEMS TO WHICH RESEARCH SHOULD BE APPLIED BY STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION (SDE) ADMINISTRATORS AND RESEARCH PERSONNEL, (2) TO INCREASE THE COMPETENCE OF SDE RESEARCH PERSONNEL IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF RESEARCH PROBLEMS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESEARCH DESIGNS, (3) TO FORMULATE PROCEDURES FOR INSERVICE TRAINING FOR SDE RESEARCHERS, AND (4) TO FORMULATE PROCEDURES FOR INSERVICE TRAINING OF OTHER SDE PERSONNEL. A CONFERENCE WAS HELD IN SALEM, OREGON, FOR 15 SDE ADMINISTRATORS OR DESIGNEES ON MARCH 26, 1964. SELECTION OF SDE'S WAS BASED UPON REGIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR BETTER DISSEMINATION OF CONFERENCE INFORMATION. TWO U.S. OFFICE OF EDUCATION REPRESENTATIVES AND FIVE UNIVERSITY CONSULTANTS ALSO ATTENDED. FOUR MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS PROVIDE THE BASIS FOR PAPERS PRESENTED--(1) EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH AND SDE'S, (2) SIGNIFICANT RESEARCHABLE PROBLEMS, (3) RESEARCH DESIGN AND PROPOSAL WRITING, AND (4) INSERVICE TRAINING NEEDS OF SDE PERSONNEL, INCLUDING RESEARCHERS. THE CONFERENCE SERVED TO SHARPEN THE PROBLEM, STIMULATE EFFORTS AT SOLUTION, AND HELP BRING ABOUT FURTHER DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES DESIGNED TO IMPROVE INSERVICE TRAINING EXPERIENCES FOR SDE PERSONNEL. (HB)

TO CLARIFY AND FIND STRATEGIES TO ERADICATE THE PROBLEMS OF THE NEGRO IN AMERICA, THE PARTICIPANTS AT THIS CONFERENCE DISCUSSED THE SPECIFIC PAPERS PRESENTED AND THE IDEAS THAT THEY GENERATED. AMONG THE MAIN PROBLEMS DISCUSSED WERE WHETHER NEGRO COLOR WAS A UNIQUE STIGMA REQUIRING LEGISLATION AND ANTIPOVERTY MEASURES, THE EXISTENCE OF A NEGRO CULTURE, THE GOALS OF INTEGRATION, HOUSING, FEDERAL RESPONSIBILITIES, THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT, NEGRO AND WHITE ATTITUDES, AND NEGRO AND WHITE CHURCHES. THE PARTICIPANTS AGREED THAT THERE IS A NEED FOR COMPENSATORY AND QUALITY EDUCATION TO PREVENT THE PERPETUATION OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE NEGRO AMERICAN. ECONOMIC PROBLEMS, THE WIDENING GAP IN NEGRO AND WHITE ECONOMIC GAINS, THE RELATIONSHIP OF FAMILY DISORGANIZATION TO EMPLOYMENT, AND THE QUESTION OF PREFERENTIAL TREATMENT OF NEGROES WERE ALSO DISCUSSED. IN ADDITION, THE PARTICIPANTS EXPRESSED THEIR VIEWS ON NEGRO-OWNED BUSINESSES, NEGRO POLITICS AND RELIGION, AND THE EFFECTS OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS MOVEMENT ON LEGISLATION AND ON SKILLED AND LOW SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS NEGROES. (JL)

Malfunctioning organizations do not facilitate the accomplishment of the purposes of their members in a number of ways and for a number of reasons. This paper used Maslow's hierarchy of needs model in an attempt to describe one view of that malfunction. Leadership is examined briefly as a functioning organization's facilitating arrangement. (Author)