1. Cellular and humoral immune responses to COVID-19 booster vaccination in Japanese dialysis patients.
- Author
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Yoshifuji, Ayumi, Toda, Masataro, Oyama, Emi, Nakayama, Tetsuo, Mise-Omata, Setsuko, Kikuchi, Kan, Yoshizawa, Mamoru, Kato, Naohiko, Wakai, Haruki, Koibuchi, Kiyoto, Morimoto, Kohkichi, Uwamino, Yoshifumi, Namkoong, Ho, Shibata, Ayako, Wakabayashi, Kaoru, Fujino, Motoko, Komatsu, Motoaki, Mochizuki, Naoki, Kondo, Norihiko, and Yoshimura, Akihiko
- Subjects
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HUMORAL immunity , *BOOSTER vaccines , *COVID-19 pandemic , *SARS-CoV-2 , *HEMODIALYSIS patients , *IMMUNOLOGIC memory - Abstract
Background: Dialysis patients are susceptible to developing severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) due to hypoimmunity. Antibody titers against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) after the primary vaccinations are lower in hemodialysis (HD) patients than in healthy individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination in HD and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients based on antibody titers and cellular and humoral immunity. Methods: Participants of the control, HD, and PD groups were recruited from 12 facilities. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific cytokine and IgG-antibody levels were measured. Regulatory T cells and memory B cells were counted using flow cytometry at 6 months after primary vaccination with BNT162b2 and 3 weeks after the booster vaccination in HD and PD patients and compared with those of a control group. Results: Booster vaccination significantly enhanced the levels of antibodies, cytokines, and memory B cells in three groups. The HD group showed significantly higher levels of IgG-antibodies, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-17, and memory B cells than those in the control group at 3 weeks after the booster dose. The PD group tended to show similar trends to HD patients but had similar levels of IgG-antibodies, cytokines, and memory B cells to the control group. Conclusions: HD patients had significantly stronger cellular and humoral immune responses than the control 3 weeks after the booster dose. Our findings will help in developing better COVID-19 vaccination strategies for HD and PD patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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