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Developing low-cost self-service portable sensors to detect viruses is an important step in combating the spread of viral outbreaks. Here, we describe the development of an aptamer-free paper-based molecularly imprinted sensor for the instrument-free detection of influenza virus A (H5N1). In this sensor, Whatman paper loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles (WP@Fe3O4) was prepared as a substrate upon which silicon imprinting occurred in the presence of the template virus H5N1. After removal of the template virus, Fe3O4 which exposed in the imprinted cavities was able to catalyze the oxidation of colorless 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by hydrogen peroxide to form blue TMB + ions. Therefore, the concentration of virus can be semi-quantified by the color change of the solution after the catalytic reaction in the absence of any instruments. The color reaction can be clearly observed within 20 min. In addition, the remaining TMB could be quantified fluorometrically, with a limit of detection of 1.16 fM and an imprinting factor of 4.7. As far as we know, this sensor detects the target with the highest sensitivity that has yet been achieved in aptamer-free molecular imprinting sensors. Importantly, the cost of materials used for each sensor was as low as 4 cents (0.23 Yuan) per sensor. This sensitive self-service sensor, which is relatively easy and inexpensive to produce, will provide an effective new avenue for the rapid detection of viruses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aliphatic polycarbonate (PC) can be readily hydrolyzed by lipase, but bisphenol A-derived PC (i.e., BPA-PC) lacks enzyme catalysts for their efficient hydrolysis due to the high hydrophobicity and rigidity of its polymer backbone. This study aims to develop an artificial nanozyme for the selective hydrolysis of small-molecule aromatic carbonates as model substrates for BPA-PC. The catalyst is prepared through molecular imprinting of cross-linkable micelles in a one-pot reaction using a thiourea template and a zinc-containing functional monomer. The resulting water-soluble nanoparticle resembles a hydrolytic metalloenzyme to bind the appropriately shaped aromatic carbonate substrate in the active site, with the nearby zinc acting as a cofactor to activate a water molecule for the nucleophilic attack on the carbonate. Catalytic hydrolysis is observed at room temperature and pH 7, with a rate acceleration of 1 × 106 for diphenyl carbonate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enhancing photocatalytic selectivity is essential for the effective and efficient utilization of catalysts. In this study, a molecularly imprinted polymer POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2, designated as MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2, was successfully synthesized via photopolymerization using pyridine as a template. The resulting MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherms, and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 exhibited enhanced charge transfer and efficient separation of photogenerated carriers, as confirmed by photoluminescence measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis, and photocurrent response (I–t) curve evaluations. When the concentration of pyridine in simulated oil reached 80 µg/g, with an amount of 1.6 g/L for MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 and an illumination time of 120 min, the degradation rate of pyridine achieved 80%, which is 1.57 times greater than that observed using NMIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2. After an adsorption for 30 min, MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 exhibited the adsorption capacity of 5 mg/g, attributed to the large number of molecularly imprinted pores on its surface. In various mixed systems, the selectivity coefficients for pyridine using MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 consistently exceeded 1.5, which can be attributed to the selective adsorption properties of the imprinted pores within the polymers that preferentially recognize and remove pyridine. Furthermore, after five cycles, the photocatalytic degradation rate of pyridine by MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 can still reach 77%, indicating that MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 possesses good stability. Trapping experiments demonstrated that superoxide radicals (·O2−) and holes (h+) were the predominant active species in photocatalytic reactions. Additionally, a proposed mechanism for photocatalytic denitrification utilizing MIP-POPD/Bi2O3/CeO2 was presented. This study provides a promising strategy for designing Bi-based molecular imprinting photocatalysts aimed at efficiently removing low-concentration, highly toxic target pollutants from mixed samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a veterinary drug, sulfamethazine is frequently used to control animal diseases. In this study, a novel molecularly imprinted photonic crystal sensor for the fast visual detection of sulfamethazine in milk and chicken has been developed. Under optimum preparation conditions, a molecularly imprinted, photonic crystal with an anti-opal structure and a clear bright color was prepared and characterized. The adsorption conditions, including adsorption solvent, solvent pH, and detection time, were studied in detailed. Based on its excellent selectivity and fast response, a photonic crystal sensor detection method for the quantitative analysis of sulfamethazine was established, which achieved good linearity, ranging from 10−4 mg/L to 10 mg/L, a limit detection of 1.16 μg/L, and spiked recoveries of 80.56% to 103.59%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) <6.41%. More importantly, the detection process could be completed within 3 min. This method provides an alternative for the rapid screening of sulfamethazine in food samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure. Due to its relationship with cardiovascular diseases, it is an important biomarker in blood serum. In this study, Ang II imprinted nanoparticles were synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization reaction for the determination of Ang II from human serum. Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) based Ang II imprinted (Ang II‐MIPnp) and non‐imprinted nanoparticles (NIPnp) were synthesized, characterized by zeta size analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR‐ATR). The average particle size of the NPs was recorded as 50 nm. Ang II molecules were successfully removed from the Ang II‐MIPnp with a 98% success rate using 0.5 M NaCl solution to obtain template‐specific cavities. Then, the adsorption studies were achieved. The binding capacity was found as 4500 pg. g−1 at 700 pg. mL−1 Ang II concentration. The selectivity studies showed that Ang II‐MIPnp can recognize Ang II molecules 2.76 times and 3.23 times selectivity than Ang I and Vsp respectively. Reusability studies shows that the synthesized nanomaterial is reusable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oseltamivir is a drug that has been widely used to prevent and treat influenza A and B. In this work, an ultrasensitive, simple, and novel electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor combined with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP-ECL) based on a graphene-like two-dimensional material, Mxene quantum dots (MQDs) was constructed to selectively detect oseltamivir. A molecularly imprinted polymer membrane containing an oseltamivir template was constructed by electropolymerization and elution of modified MQDs on a glassy carbon electrode. Under optimized experimental conditions, the MIP-ECL sensor could detect oseltamivir in the range of 10−10 to 10−6 M (R2 = 0.9816), with a low limit of detection of 6.5 × 10−11 M (S/N = 3), and the recovery rates of oseltamivir in biological samples were 92.21–104.2%, with relative standard deviations of 3.70%~5.70%. The developed MIP-ECL sensor provides a new idea for detecting oseltamivir, which was successfully applied to the determination of oseltamivir in serum samples, indicating great potential for application in clinical diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chrysoidin (CG) can be ingested into the human body through the skin and cause chronic toxicity, so the detection of CG levels in the environment is crucial. In this study, we synthesize F-Ag@ZIF-8/PVC molecular-imprinted membranes (FZAP-MIM) by an innovative combination of SERS detection, membrane separation, and a molecular-imprinted technique in order to perform the analysis of CG in water. The plasmonic MOF material as a SERS substrate helps to enrich the target and realize the spatial overlap of the target with the nanoparticle tip "hotspot". To avoid the poor reproducibility of Raman signals caused by the random arrangement of the powder substrate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to provide support and protection for the powder substrate. PVC has excellent dirt immunity and chemical stability, enabling the substrate to maintain Raman performance under complex and extreme detection conditions. FAZP-MIM has outstanding sensitivity and selectivity and can quickly and accurately capture targets even in the presence of similar structural interferences. The method showed superior recoveries in spiked recovery tests of real water samples and is expected to be practically applied to the trace detection of organic dye molecules in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer membrane modified glassy carbon electrode for electrochemical sensors (MIP-OH-MWCNTs-GCE) for epinephrine (EP) was successfully prepared by a gel-sol method using an optimized functional monomer oligosilsesquioxane-Al2O3 sol-ITO composite sol (ITO-POSS-Al2O3). Hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (OH-MWCNTs) were introduced during the modification of the electrodes, and the electrochemical behavior of EP on the molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensors was probed by the differential pulse velocity (DPV) method. The experimental conditions were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the response peak current values showed a good linear relationship with the epinephrine concentration in the range of 0.0014–2.12 μM, and the detection limit was 4.656 × 10−11 M. The prepared molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor was successfully applied to the detection of actual samples of horse serum with recoveries of 94.97–101.36% (RSD), which indicated that the constructed molecularly imprinted membrane electrochemical sensor has a high detection accuracy for epinephrine in horse blood, and that it has a better value for practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stimuli responsive optical materials are attractive for many areas, from healthcare to art design. However, creating intricate color‐changing patterns for visual information is still a challenge. This work describes the preparation of mechanochromic structural colored intricate pictures imprinted in cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers by using a chiral isosorbide molecular photoswitch. The photoswitch contains a photoisomerizable cinnamate moiety and was incorporated in a main chain liquid crystal oligomer with photopolymerizable acrylate end groups. After coating, the structural colored film was irradiated with ultraviolet (UV) light in air causing E/Z isomerization of the cinnamate units leading to a redshift of the structural color of the film. A grayscale photomask was used to spatially control the photoisomerization reaction and imprint colorful pictures such as portraits and landscapes, in the cholesteric liquid crystal films with high resolution. Photopolymerization in a nitrogen atmosphere led to a mechanochromic cholesteric liquid crystal elastomer with striking structural colors that blueshift upon strain. The sharp details of the patterns were preserved even under deformation and the system returned to the initial state upon strain removal. Our work offers a simple photoswitch approach to prepare stimuli responsive optical polymers imprinted with color‐changing pictures of unprecedented complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a typical genotoxic impurity (GTI), the concentration of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) must be below the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC). However, achieving a trace BaP is a significant challenge by conventional separation media. Utilizing the unique recognition capabilities of surface molecular imprinting polymers (SMIPs), the versatility of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone deep eutectic solvents (NVP-DES), and the high surface area of two-dimensional nano-boron nitride (2D-nano-BN) sheets, a series of functionalized 2D-BN materials were prepared (NVP-DES-SMIP@2D-nano-BN) for the specific recognition and removal of BaP. Utilizing 2D-nano-BN sheets as the base, four NVP-DESs were employed as monomers, BaP as the template, EGDMA as the cross-linker, and BPO/DMA as the initiator to prepare NVP-DES-SMIP@2D-nano-BN. The free energy of DES was computed using Gaussian software, and characterization of NVP-DES-SMIP@2D-nano-BN was performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Quantitative and qualitative determinations of BaP were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence. Using a recognition model, NVP-DES-SMIP@2D-nano-BN exhibited a Freundlich isotherm fit and second-order kinetics for BaP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This review provides an overview of recent developments in Citrus aurantium L. (sour or bitter orange), focusing on its bioactive compounds, innovative extraction techniques, and technological applications. C. aurantium is rich in bioactive compounds such as flavonoids (naringin, hesperidin, kaempferol, quercetin), essential oils (β-pinene, limonene), and vitamin C, which represents significant biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. The review discusses traditional extraction methods, such as solvent extraction and hydrodistillation, alongside newer, eco-friendly approaches like ultrasound-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical fluid extraction, and natural deep eutectic solvents. It also highlights cutting-edge techniques, including molecular imprinting polymer-based extraction, which enable the more efficient enrichment and purification of specific compounds like synephrine. Finally, the review examines the diverse industrial applications of these bioactive compounds in sectors such as foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, while emphasizing the growing need for sustainable and efficient extraction technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dual- or multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers have been an attractive research field for many years as they allow simultaneous detection of more than one target with high selectivity and sensitivity by creating template-specific recognition sites for multiple targets on the same functional monomer. Dual/multi-template molecular imprinting techniques have been applied to identify, extract, and detect many targets, from heavy metal ions to viruses, by different methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and piezoelectric, optical, and electrochemical methods. This article focuses on electrochemical sensors based on dual/multi-template molecularly imprinted polymers detecting a wide range of targets by electrochemical methods. Furthermore, this work highlights the use of these sensors for point-of-care applications, their commercialization and their integration with microfluidic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dinotefuran (DNF) residue in foods is harmful to human health, hence, it is significant to detect it. Herein, a composite of β-‍‍cyclodextrin/activated mung bean-derived carbon (β-CD/AMBC-3) was prepared and used to modify GCE. Then a DNF imprinted copolymer (MIP) film of thionine and catechol was electrodeposited. The AMBC-‍3 had plentiful pores, excellent conductivity, and high catalytic activity, beneficial for β-CD immobilization and signal amplification; the MIP and β-CD could cooperate to improve recognition capability. In addition, the poly(thionine) could act as an internal-reference probe for ratiometric detection, calibrating the effects of condition fluctuation during detection. Thus, the resulted sensor displayed high reproducibility, selectivity, and sensitivity. It showed linear response to DNF over the range of 0.05 ‍μM–10 μM, with a detection limit of 0.016 ‍μM (S/N = 3) and sensitivity of 550.6 μA mM−1 cm−2. Its practicability was validated by determining DNF in real samples, with recoveries of 92.0 %–102 %. Dual-monomer molecular imprinting and β-CD-activated mung bean derived carbon composite were combined to construct a signal on/off ratiometric electrochemical sensor for the detection of dinotefuran. [Display omitted] • β-CD/activated biomass carbon composite was used to boost dinotefuran signal. • Poly(thionine) as reference probe effectively reduced the signal fluctuation. • Molecularly imprinted copolymer and β-CD cooperated to enhance selectivity. • The sensor showed high practicability for dinotefuran detection in real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the existence of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) in the environment and their potential hazards to ecosystems and human health, this study aimed to develop a novel adsorbent of OPs using multifunctional carriers and surface molecular imprinting technology (SMIT). SiO 2 -COOH served as a carrier, and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) constituted a shell, creating a core-shell structured adsorbent. SMIT facilitated rapid and efficient binding between the target molecules and the imprinted cavities. The multifunctional SiO 2 -COOH enhanced the adsorbent's adsorption capacity, improved its mechanical stability, and strengthened the binding with the MIPs. The adsorbent demonstrated excellent specificity and reusability, achieving an adsorption capacity of 54.4 mg/g and the imprinting factor of 2.94. The relative recovery rate in actual sample detection ranged from 95.1% to 108.7%. This study provides a simple and effective method for detecting hazardous factors in environment protection and food safety fields, with significant scientific value and practical application potential. [Display omitted] • The multifunctional carrier was combined with surface molecular imprinted technology. • The adsorption properties of the synthesized adsorbent SC@M were studied in detail. • The maximum adsorption capacity of FEN by SC@M was 54.4 mg/g. • SC@M had good recovery rate and reusability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creatinine is a product of muscle metabolism in the body, it's normally filtered out by the glomeruli. However, creatinine values will deviate from normal when renal function is disturbed. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an accurate and sensitive creatinine detection method for the preliminary diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, using 1,3, 5-benzenetricarboxylic acid as ligand, a bimetallic organic framework ZnNiMOF with large specific surface area was prepared, and composite them with carbon nanotubes (CNT). The ratio of the two metals in the bimetal and the ratio of ZnNiMOF to CNT were also optimized. Finally, the optimal proportion was used as the electrode material for molecular imprinting. A molecularly imprinted electrochemical sensor for the accurate and sensitive detection of creatinine was obtained. The obtained sensor has good sensitivity, detection limit of 0.009 μM, and wide detection range (0.03–400 μM). It also shows excellent performance in the detection of actual urine and sweat samples. This study on the molecular imprinted electrochemical sensor provides a new strategy for the subsequent detection of creatinine. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Synthesis conditions of Cr(VI)-imprinted CS-STPP polymers were optimized. • Structural stabilities and/or surface charges controlled Cr(VI) sorption capacities. • Optimal IIP-B+5A-fd was produced via 1 M base + 5 mM acid elution and freeze drying. • IIP-B+5A-fd selectively captured Cr(VI) in the presence of mixed IC+OC+HMs. • Driving force of Cr(VI) sorption was electrostatic attraction-redox-complexation. The structure–function relationship of ion-imprinted polymers for toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is poorly understood. In this study, a series of Cr(VI)-imprinted chitosan (CS)-sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) composites were prepared by sol–gel method using different alkali/acid combinations and drying modes. The elution of CS-STPP polymer with 1 M NaOH+5 mM HNO 3 followed by freeze drying produced the optimal IIP-B+5A-fd material. The distinct structural stabilities and surface charges of imprinted CS-STPP composite determined their disparate Cr(VI) sorption abilities. The Cr(VI) sorption ratio on IIP-B+5A-fd kept higher than 97 % at pH<7, while that on non-imprinted NIP-B+5A-fd decreased from ∼ 73 % to ∼ 28 % as the solution pH rose from 4 to 7. The Cr(VI) sorption kinetics on IIP-B+5A-fd reached equilibrium after 12 h, faster than 24 h on NIP-B+5A-fd. The maximum Cr(VI) sorption capacity of IIP-B+5A-fd (41.29 mg/g) surpassed those of NIP-B+5A-fd (26.00 mg/g) and various previously reported adsorbents. IIP-B+5A-fd exhibited a much better Cr(VI) sorption efficiency (∼83 %) than NIP-B+5A-fd (∼20 %) in the presence of mixed aqueous components. The Cr(VI) sorption mechanism on IIP-B+5A-fd was electrostatic attraction–redox–inner-sphere complexation. Overall, the prepared IIP-B+5A-fd polymer holds a promising potential for highly efficient and selective removal of Cr(VI) from a polluted water environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A graphene oxide surface imprinted polymer probe was prepared by microwave irradiation. • The probe selectively recognized I 2. • A RRS analysis platform for iodine and iodate ions in salt samples was established. • The platform has simple, rapid and good selectivity. A new graphene oxide nanosurface molecularly imprinted polymer (GO@MIP) probe was synthesized by microwave irradiation, using graphene oxide (GO) as the carrier, iodine as the template molecule, acrylamide as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinking agent, azodiisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, and acetonitrile as the pore forming agent. The nanoprobe recognizes the iodine, and exhibits significant resonance Rayleigh scattering energy transfer (RRS-ET) effect between iodine as the acceptor and the nanoprobe as donor. When iodine concentration was in the linear range of 0.02–0.5 mmol/L, the decreased RRS intensity was linear to the concentration. And it was used for the determination of iodine in water samples and iodate ions in salt samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Au@Ag NCs were synthesized by seed-mediated approach and conducted as the SERS substrates. The membrane modified with metal array structure was obtained by the procedure of three-phase self-assembly. The Au@Ag NCs on membrane with tight structure could present more "hot spots", promoting more sensitive SERS property. The AAP-MIMs was synthesized by the technique of two-step precipitation polymerization and could be applied into the selective detection of MC-LR. [Display omitted] • Core-shell structured bimetallic nano-cube can promote the SERS sensitivity. • PDMS membrane synthesized as the support materials by three-phase boundary can form the array structure. • The molecular imprinted polymers coated on the surface of PDMS membranes can promote the selective property. In this study, a core–shell structured bimetallic nano-cube, Au@Ag NCs, was prepared by seed-mediated growth procedure. The array structure of Au@Ag NCs was achieved at the interface through the autonomous assembly technique at the three-phase boundary. Employing polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a flexible carrier, the array structure was effortlessly transferred to the PDMS membrane, bypassing the need for rigid substrates through a simple "pasting" method. This yielded a highly flexible and transparent SERS substrate with an array structure (Au@Ag NCs/PDMS membrane, AAP). In order to promote the selective detection property to the practical samples, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were coated on the surface of membrane to prepare the imprinted membrane (Au@Ag NCs/PDMS-MIMs, AAP-MIMs). It was demonstrated from the results that the AAP-MIMs exhibited high SERS sensitivity, stability, and uniformity. Furthermore, the flexible substrate possessed commendable mechanical strength, and facilitated the detection of analytes on irregular surfaces. In summary, this substrate held promising potential for practical on-site detection and analysis of specific target substances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Extraction and purification of [6]-gingerol from revalorized Zingiberaceae roots. • Synthesis of hybrid molecular imprinted polymers embedded with quantum dots. • Assessment of [6]-gingerol-derived molecular imprinted polymers as photocatalyst. The molecular imprinting technique is an interdisciplinary approach to creating distinct recognition sites with quantum materials for wastewater treatment. In this study, molecular imprinting polymers were synthesized using [6]-gingerol as a template, 2 hydroxy-methacrylate as a monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a crosslinker. The obtained polymers were doped with a hybrid Mn-doped zinc sulphide (Mn-ZnS) nanocomposite. The [6]-gingerol was isolated from a natural herb using a sokhlet and characterized by its purity and structure. Synthesized polymers and their precursors were also characterized in structure, morphology and thermal stability. The obtained imprinting polymer was ultimately used as a UV-dependent photocatalyst in the photodegradation of relevant pharmaceuticals to facilitate wastewater treatment. The determined removal of norfloxacin (NOFX) was 84 % and for Paracetamol, a maximum degradation of 80 % was achieved. Experimental and theoretical findings support the claim that the addition of MIPs actively enhances semiconductor charge carriers to trigger the photocatalytic degradation of pharmaceutical drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel β-amyloid protein capillary microextraction column was designed and prepared using epitope molecular imprinting technology for specific recognition of trace β-amyloid proteins in complex biological matrices. Using N-terminal nonapeptide of β-amyloid protein as template molecule, choline chloride-MAA and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide as functional monomers, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker, the imprinted capillary monolithic column was prepared by thermal polymerization in the acetonitrile-water system. The optimal preparation parameters were obtained with the ratio of template: functional monomer: crosslinker at 1:6:16 (mmol/mmol/mmol). The physical property evaluation through Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, zeta potential analysis, particle size analysis, and Brunauer-emmett-teller showed that a porous imprinted monolithic column with a high specific surface area was successfully prepared. The static adsorption experiment showed that the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was 0.060 μg/column and the optimal imprinting factor was 2.27. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the imprinted column exhibited good template selectivity and excellent robustness. Finally, the extraction efficiency of the capillary imprinted column in actual plasma was evaluated using ELISA method. For Aβ 40 and Aβ 42, the detection limits were 1.00 pg/mL and 0.67 pg/mL, the quantification limits were 3.00 pg/mL and 2.00 pg/mL, the detection ranges were 7.5–120.0 pg/mL and 5.0–80.0 pg/mL, respectively. After extraction of plasma samples, the measured concentrations of Aβ 40 and Aβ 42 by imprinted column were 157.31 pg/mL and 48.22 pg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than the measured concentrations by non-imprinted column of 89.60 pg/mL and 41.02 pg/mL. In summary, the epitope imprinted capillary monolithic column prepared in this study can effectively enrich and separate trace amounts of amyloid proteins in complex samples, and is expected to provide a new sample pretreatment method for clinical detection of amyloid proteins. [Display omitted] • The N-terminal nonapeptide of β-amyloid was designed as an epitope template. • Deep eutectic solvent and N-hydroxymethyl acrylamide were used as co-monomers. • The epitope imprinted monolithic column was successfully synthesized. • The APP/PS1 mouse plasma samples were extracted by imprinted monolithic column. • The measured concentrations of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were 157.31 and 48.22 pg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents a novel non-enzymatic glucose sensor that synergistically combines the high catalytic activity of nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH) 2) with the selective recognition of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The sensors were fabricated through an entirely in-situ synthesis directly on the electrode, comprising electrodeposition and oxidation of Ni/Ni(OH) 2 nanoparticles and electropolymerization of a glucose-imprinted MIP layer using pyrrole and 3-aminophenyl boronic acid. The integrated MIP layer significantly enhanced selectivity against common interferents while amplifying glucose sensitivity. The resulting sensor demonstrated a high sensitivity of 1802 μA mM−1 cm−2 with a linear range from 0.04 to 2.6 mM. Notably, the sensor exhibited remarkable stability, retaining 97.2 % of its original sensitivity after 6 months of room-temperature storage. To extend the linear range, Nafion coatings at two concentrations were applied, achieving ranges up to 0.04–11.6 mM with adjusted sensitivities. This innovative approach, leveraging MIPs to provide selectivity to electrocatalytic nanomaterials, offers a promising strategy for developing high-performance non-enzymatic sensors for glucose and other biomolecules in diabetes monitoring and beyond. • Novel in-situ synthesis of Ni/Ni(OH)2/MIP glucose sensor directly on electrodes. • Synergistic combination of Ni(OH)2 catalytic activity and MIP selective recognition. • MIP integration enhances selectivity and sensitivity for non-enzymatic sensing. • High sensitivity (1802 μA mM-1 cm-2) and extended linear range (up to 11.6 mM). • Excellent stability with 97.2 % sensitivity retention after 6 months of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • High-specificity green Poly(DES)-MIT strategy combining hydrophilic DES with MIT. • The nature and strength of the weak interactions were clearly elucidated by DFT. • Rapid removal of ATZ from agricultural wastewater using simple syringe SPE device. In this research, a fabrication of Poly(deep eutectic solvent) composed of choline chloride-methacrylic acid (ChCl-MAA) was developed to cross-link and polymerize through molecular imprinting technology (MIT). The results were analyzed using a simple syringe solid phase extraction (SPE) device combined with Poly(DES)-MIT strategy, with the aim of specifically removing atrazine (ATZ) from agricultural wastewater. Density functional theory was applied for the rapid prediction of optimal molar ratio (1:4) between the template (ATZ) and monomer (DES), yielding highly consistent results with experimental findings. The electrostatic potential (ESP) distributions and the independent gradient model (IGMH) were employed to investigate the types and strengths of weak interactions in Poly(DES). Due to the participation of DES in the polymerization reaction, Poly(DES) exhibited rapid adsorption equilibrium time (120 min) and excellent specificity recognition ability (selectivity factor of 14.02). The HPLC-DAD analysis system exhibited a good linear response in the range of 0.5∼500 mg L−1, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.26 mg L−1 and a quantitation limit (LOQ) of 0.87 mg L−1. The admirable feasibility for the removal of ATZ (with a recovery rate of 99.93 %) from real agricultural wastewater substantiated the outlook of practical application of Poly(DES)-MIT strategy. In addition, the adsorption rate of Poly(DES) on ATZ only decreased by 5.80 % (from 96.60 % to 90.80 %) after five adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating its significant sustainability. This study combined computer-aided design with a novel green DES-mediated polymerization process to construct an environmentally friendly adsorbent with high selectivity for ATZ. From a quantum chemistry perspective, it was demonstrated that Poly(DES) selectively captures ATZ from agricultural wastewater mainly through hydrogen bonding interactions and van der Waals forces. The combined method of theoretical simulation and experimental verification showed vast potential in the field of safe cultivation of medicinal herbs and crops, opening up new possibilities for the precise monitoring of other pollutants in the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • All-organic molecularly imprinted photocatalyst (MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4) was fabricated. • MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 exhibited superior molecular recognition in mixed solution. • Molecular recognition endowed MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 with selective degradation performance. • Ofloxacin solution can be effectively degraded and mineralized by MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4. • Preferential degradation mechanism of MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 was proposed. Preferential degradation are urgently needed for detoxification of organic pollutants. Herein, a novel all-organic molecularly imprinted photocatalyst was first constructed by grafting molecularly imprinted perylenediimide (PDI) on graphite-phase carbon nitride (MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4) using ofloxacin as template molecule. MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 exhibits higher adsorption capacity for ofloxacin than the non-imprinted counterpart (NIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4), and shows superior molecular recognition in the mixed solution of ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. The partition coefficient of MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 for ofloxacin is 3.19 times that for ciprofloxacin, and selection factor of MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 is 1.84 times of NIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 , suggesting good molecular recognition of MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4. The excellent molecular recognition endowed MIP-PDI/g-C 3 N 4 with preferential degradation performance, leading to effective mineralization and detoxification of ofloxacin solution. Most importantly, the preferential degradation mechanism based on molecular recognition was proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel molecularly imprinted magnetic MoS 2 nanosheet (MIP@MoS 2) was fabricated. • MIP@mag-MoS 2 was successfully applied for selective quantification of ametryn. • An improvement was achieved in terms of sensitivity and selectivity for ametryn. In the present study, a novel analytical method was developed for selective and sensitive detection of ametryn in tap and lake water samples based on molecular imprinting technology with high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. For this purpose, molecularly-imprinted magnetic MoS 2 (MIP@mag-MoS 2) particles were synthesized via surface initiated reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The investigation of the rebinding properties, selective recognition ability, and reusability of the MIP@mag-MoS 2 demonstrated their high adsorption capacity, outstanding selectivity, rapid adsorption kinetics, and capability for multiple uses, with an imprinting factor of 4.39. The detection limits for ametryn were 0.031 µ g/L and 0.041 µ g/L in tap water and lake water, respectively. The proposed method also had high recovery percentage and low relative standard deviations for the water samples spiked with ametryn. The results suggest that the combination of mag-MoS 2 with MIP layer is a prospective alternative analytical method for quantification of ametryn. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective bacterial detection is crucial for health diagnostics, particularly for the detection of pathogenic species like Escherichia coli (E. coli), which is responsible for up to 90% of urinary tract infections (UTIs), is especially crucial. Current detection methods are time-consuming, often delaying diagnosis and treatment. This study introduces an innovative approach for rapid E. coli detection using porous silicon (PSi) substrates combined with Surface Imprinted Polymers (SIPs) for photoluminescence-based (PL-based) E. coli detection. The PSi/SIP substrates offer high sensitivity, selectivity, and a low limit of detection (LOD) without the need for natural recognition elements. These substrates, fabricated via metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) and PDMS-based E. coli imprinting, demonstrate reliable repeatability and a fast detection. Real-time detection experiments in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and urine showed consistent stair-like quenching of the PL signal with increasing E. coli concentrations, achieving theoretical LODs of approximately 13 ± 2 CFU/mL in PBS and 17 ± 3 CFU/mL in urine. The substrates exhibited excellent selectivity, differentiating E. coli from other species such as Cronobacter sakazakii (C. sakazakii) and Listeria monocytogenes. The high sensitivity and reproducibility of PSi/SIP substrates, along with the ease of use and rapid detection capabilities of the resulting sensor, highlight the potential of this novel platform for point-of-care (PoC) applications in clinical diagnostics. • Rapid E. coli detection using PSi/SIP substrates achieves ∼13 CFU/mL LOD. • No need for natural bioreceptors; artificial SIPs enhance sensitivity. • High selectivity with minimal cross-reactivity to C. sakazakii and L. monocytogenes. • Fast, reliable detection process within 20 min for clinical PoC applications. • Effective in both PBS and urine, with consistent results and high reproducibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pretreatment process can be simplified by ferromagnetic nanomaterials, then Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@MIPs selectively adsorbing DMP can be achieved by molecular imprinting technology, and SERS can be applied for DMP detection with high sensitivity. The DMP concentrations were linearly related to the its Raman intensities of the corresponding characteristic peak, with a detection limit of 8.7 × 10−9 M. As a result of the testing artificial water samples, the recovery rate ranged from 87.9 % to 117 %. [Display omitted] • We synthesized ferromagnetic nanomaterials suitable for selectively adsorbing DMP. • A linear correction was found between DMP concentrations and Raman intensities. • The material is reusable with adsorption capacity loss of 9.8 % after seven cycles. • The recovery rate ranged from 87.9 % to 117 % for DMP in artificial water samples. To overcome the complicated pretreatment, low selectivity and low sensitivity detection associated with the detection of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), this study synthesized ferromagnetic nanomaterials that coupled with surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs). The pretreatment process can be simplified by ferromagnetic nanomaterials, then Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@MIPs selectively adsorbing DMP can be achieved, and SERS can be applied for DMP detection with high sensitivity. As a control, the non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@NIPs were synthesized. Adsorption experiments results showed that the saturation adsorption amounts of Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@MIPs is 36.74 mg/g with 40 mg/L DMP and Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@NIPs is 17.45 mg/g. For DMP, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@MIPs have a greater affinity. In addition, after seven adsorption-desorption cycles the Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 @Ag@MIPs are reusable with approximately a 9.8 % loss in adsorption capacity. With an 8.7 × 10−9 M detection limit, DMP detection was performed by SERS, which revealed that the Raman intensities of the associated characteristic peak were linearly proportional to the DMP concentrations. As a result, the recovery rate of the testing artificial water varied from 87.9 % to 117 %. These outcomes show that the suggested technique for finding DMP in actual water samples is practical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, layered Co-Ni bimetallic hydroxide was synthesized and combined with polyethyleneimine hydrogel (PEI@LDH) as substrate material, then the metal-organic framework MIL-125 loaded Ru(bpy) 3 2+ (MIL@Ru) was added as single luminophore, followed by electrochemical deposition of tetracycline (TC) imprinted copolymer of hydroquinone and o-phenylenediamine to construct an electrochemiluminescent (ECL) sensor for TC detection. The stable and sensitive luminophore MIL@Ru associating with co-reactant K 2 S 2 O 8 in the solution could cause a cathode ECL signal sensing TC, it could also associate with the immobilized co-reactant PEI hydrogel to produce a stable anode ECL signal acting as a reference. The LDH had catalysis and could efficiently amplify both anode and cathode ECL signals. Therefore, the constructed single luminophore based ratiometric ECL sensor displayed high selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility. Under the selected testing conditions, the linear response range was 0.01 μmol L−1 to 1 mmol L−1 and the detection limit reached 8 nmol L−1. Its good practicability was validated by determining TC in different actual samples. Hence, the ratiometric MIP-ECL sensor was quite promising. • A single luminophore Ru(bpy) 3 2+ based dual-signal ratiometric MIP-ECL sensor was developed. • MIL-125 with large surface and abundant groups was used to effectively load Ru(bpy) 3 2+. • PEI@LDH hydrogel was used as co-reactant of Ru(bpy) 3 2+ to produce a reference signal. • The MIP copolymer of O-PD and HQ had high affinity to TC. • The ratiometric MIP-ECL sensor showed good performance in detecting TC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a novel technique for wireless hydrothermally improved gas sensor devices enhanced by molecular imprinting technique (MIT) for hematite nanomaterials with the existence of acetone using different ratios (10 %, 15 %, and 25 %) as well as doping with palladium/ silver to detect the imprinted gas. α-Fe 2 O 3 are characterized utilizing field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), photoluminescence, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photo-spectroscopy (XPS), and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and utilizes Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) to ascertain their shape, optical properties, and values for surface area and thermal characteristics, respectively. Depending on the preparation conditions, non-regular cubes and rods have typical particle sizes ranging from 25 to 120 nm, acetone imprinted and doped with palladium sample (Ap) offers smaller particles than acetone imprinted sample (A15) making adsorption easier. Where XRD showed all diffraction peaks for α-Fe 2 O 3 as well as XPS authorized the oxidation state, also FTIR showed the characteristic peaks of the stretching mode Fe-O which indicates the formation of α-Fe 2 O 3. Lower defects for (Ap) as it has the highest intensity of 176.15 a.u. in the photoluminescent spectrum, for TGA analysis results explain that pure sample has more thermal stability and lower weight loss. Six hematite films are fabricated using the spin coating technique where acetone molecules are presented during the synthesis process of the nanomaterials to imprint their shapes on the surface of hematite. By measuring the response of the gas sensors and their electrical properties, the I-V curve for Ap showed a rectifying behavior and its shunt resistance (Rsh) is higher than series resistance (Rs) which ensures a high response of (115 %). To develop a wireless gas sensor COMSOL Multiphysics software 5.3(a) software is used for the simulation of three devices model by depositing a layer by specified dimensions of hematites (A15, As, and Ap) with their different electrical conductivities on the surface of rectangular patch antenna by showing geometry, the microstrip patch antenna bandwidth, resonant frequency, scattering parameters, and radiation patterns in the E-plane and 3-D far-field pattern and directivity is calculated also, Sp gives improved reflection coefficient, gain quality factor and directivity due to its high electrical conductivity. • Hydrothermal synthesis of hematite molecularly imprinted with acetone, doped with palladium and silver. • Fabrication of gas sensor devices using spin coating for acetone detection. • Investigated synergistic effects of molecular imprinting and doping on hematite to improve sensor sensitivity. • Designed a wireless gas sensor with a patch antenna, optimizing performance using nanomaterials A15, Ap, and As. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel oriented epitope molecularly imprinting polymer based on host-guest interaction (hg-MIP) was designed for recognition of CEA. • The host-guest interaction between CB[7] and N-terminal phenylalanine was used as a means of anchoring epitopes. • Hg-MIP realized high adsorption capacity and selectivity towards CEA. • The hg-MIP was successfully applied to identify and isolate CEA from human serum. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a common tumor marker used to diagnose diseases. However, the use of molecularly imprinted polymer with whole proteins as templates or antibodies to identify and isolate CEA presents issues such as high prices and difficult removal of templates. Here, due to the specific binding of cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) to N-terminal phenylalanine, we prepared a novel oriented epitope molecularly imprinting polymer based on host-guest interaction (hg-MIP) for the identification and separation of CEA. The preparation of hg-MIP is facile and low-cost, with templates immobilized by corresponding molecular interaction and oriented imprinting by self-polymerization with four silylating reagents as functional monomers. The hg-MIP can be used for specific recognition of CEA with a high imprinting factor and high reusability. It can be successfully used for the detection of CEA in human serum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as new source of biomarkers discovery in liquid biopsy due to their stabilization in body fluids, protected by phospholipid bilayers. However, the metabolomics study of EVs is very little reported due to the lack of efficient and high-throughput isolation methods for clinical samples. In this study, phosphatidylserine imprinted polymers were employed for rapid and efficient EVs isolation from five human body fluids, including plasma, urine, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. The isolated EVs were subsequently analyzed for metabolomic studies by high-resolution mass spectrometry. Metabolic landscaping was conducted between the body fluids and their EVs, indicating EVs contain a large number of metabolites that are completely specific to the body fluid source. Finally, quantitative metabolomic analysis of EVs was carried out with plasma samples of hepatocellular carcinoma. Several differentially expressed exosomal metabolites were revealed including the upregulation of sphingosine (d18:1), taurochenodeoxycholic acid (TCDCA), pipecolic acid (PA), and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and down-regulation of piperine, caffeine, and indole. We believe the proposed methodology will provide a deeper understanding of the molecular composition and functions of EVs as an alternative source for biomarker discovery. [Display omitted] • Phosphatidylserine imprinted polymers were firstly employed for metabolite landscaping of exosomes. • Quantitative metabolomic analysis of exosomes from five human body fluids by mass spectrometry. • The strategy was carried out with clinical plasma samples of hepatocellular carcinoma for biomarker discovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is one of the important metabolism biochemical markers of the urine in gastric cancer patients. In this work, a fluorescence sensor based on N,S-doped carbon dots conjugated molecular imprinting polymers (N,S-CDs@SiO 2 @MIPs) was prepared to detect4-hydroxybenzoic acid. The novel fluorescence sensor in response to 4-hydroxybenzoic acid ranged from 0 to 100 μmol/L, with a detection limit of 1.27 μmol/L. Furthermore, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid demonstrated strong fluorescence quenching capability on our fluorescence sensor, with the fluorescence quenching mechanism involving a combined effects of dynamic quenching and electron transfer. Lastly, the N,S-CDs@SiO 2 @MIPs were applied to analyze 4-hydroxybenzoic acid inhuman urine samples with high accuracy. The findings showed that N,S-CDs@SiO 2 @MIPs sensor might have high potential for effectively, selectively, accurately diagnosing gastric cancer patients. • Designed N, S-CDs@SiO2 @MIPs sensor. • The sensor was applied to analyze 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with high accuracy. • Sensor has high potential for diagnosing of cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Ultra-sensitive dopamine sensor created by combining molecular imprinting on ta-C thin films. • ta-C films on silicon wafers made via FCVA and coated with dopamine-imprinted polymers (MIPs). • ta-C/MIP sensors show high sensitivity to dopamine at physiologically relevant levels. • Process compatible with standard microsystem technology, enabling advanced integration. This study investigates how varying the thickness of tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C) thin films and incorporating a titanium adhesion layer influences the structural and electrochemical properties of molecularly imprinted ta-C thin film-based sensing platforms, aiming to develop a molecularly imprinted ta-C electrochemical sensor for dopamine (DA) detection with physiologically relevant sensitivity. This electrochemical sensing platform was designed by integrating ta-C with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). The process involved depositing a ta-C thin film onto boron-doped p-type silicon wafers through a filtered cathodic vacuum arc (FCVA) system. Subsequently, the ta-C sensing platforms were electrochemically coated with the MIP layer (DA-imprinted polypyrrole). We evaluated three configurations: (i) a 15 nm ta-C layer, (ii) a 7 nm ta-C layer with a 20 nm titanium adhesion layer, and (iii) a 15 nm ta-C layer with a 20 nm titanium adhesion layer. Comprehensive structural and electrochemical characterization was performed to understand how these modifications affect sensor performance. The optimized MIP/ta-C sensor demonstrated a sensitivity of 0.16 μA μM−1 cm−2 and a limit of detection (LOD) of 48.6 nM, suitable for detecting DA at physiological levels. Leveraging the synergistic effects of ta-C coatings and molecular imprinting, as well as its compatibility with common complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) processes underlines its potential for integration into microanalytical systems, paving the way for miniaturized and high-throughput sensing platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Combination of molecular imprinting and heterogeneous photocatalysis provided efficient valsartan degradation. • Valsartan degradation process was effective under a range of LED wavelengths (355 nm, 407 nm, and 530 nm). • Differential pulse voltammetry revealed specific oxidation peaks. • Change in anodic current was 15% after 30 s under stimulation by LED light in the visible region. • The photodegradation of valsartan was also stimulated by LED light in the visible region (530 nm). The pervasive presence of valsartan (VAL), a widely used antihypertensive pharmaceutical compound, in aquatic environments has prompted concerns due to its low biodegradability and potential environmental impact. Emerging contaminants such as VAL necessitate advanced remediation methods beyond conventional wastewater treatments. In this study, the degradation of VAL in water matrices was explored utilizing a combination of molecular imprinting (MI) and heterogeneous photocatalysis, excited by different light-emitting diodes (LEDs) at 407 nm (40.55 W/m−2(−|-)), 530 nm (83.04 W/m−2(−|-)), and 355 nm (16.43 W/m−2(−|-)). The concept of MI was applied in the preparation of a TiO 2 -based photocatalyst bearing VAL as a template. The encapsulation was carried out through an acid-catalyzed sol–gel route. The photocatalyst was characterized by surface area, pore volume, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and band gap measurements. The results obtained indicate that the radiation energy in the visible region is effective for degrading VAL. More specifically, the results obtained from differential pulse voltammetry indicate the consumption of VAL present in the modified electrode as well as the oxidation of the tertiary amine group of the molecule of VAL in addition to interactions between the drug and the network structure of the MI under light stimulation. Under the experimental conditions, the present photocatalyst system demonstrates the feasibility of VAL degradation under LED irradiation (change in anodic current was 15 % after 30 s under stimulation by LED light in the visible region). The viability of combining both concepts in the case-study of VAL as pollutant target added by the evaluation of the potentiality of employing LED irradiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were grown in situ on magnetic nitrogen-doped graphene foam (MNGF), and the resulting composite of COFs-modified MNGF (MNC) was wrapped by molecularly imprinted polymers (MNC@MIPs) for specifically capturing SAs. A magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) method for SAs was established using MNC@MIPs with good magnetic responsiveness. The adsorption performance of MNC@MIPs was superior to that of non-molecularly imprinted polymers (MNC@NIPs), with shorter adsorption/desorption time and higher imprinting factors. A high-efficiency SAs analytical method was developed by fusing HPLC and MNC@MIPs-based MSPE. This approach provides excellent precision, a low detection limit, and wide linearity. By analyzing fish samples, the feasibility of the approach was confirmed, with SAs recoveries and relative standard deviations in spiked samples in the ranges of 77.2–112.7 % and 2.0–7.2 %, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential use of MNC@MIPs-based MSPE for efficient extraction and quantitation of trace hazards in food. • MNC@MIPs were prepared by in situ growth method. • MNC@MIPs served as an advance absorbent for MSPE of SAs. • MNC@MIPs reveals shorter adsorption/desorption time and higher imprint factor than MNC@NIPs. • MNC@MIPs-based MSPE and HPLC were combined for sensitive analysis of SAs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Norepinephrine (NE) is the primary catecholamine (CA) of interest in the medical field, as it plays a key role in regulating the hormonal and neurological systems. Some NE concentration dysfunction can lead to a number of serious physical conditions. As a result, quick and sensitive NE detection is most critical in medical technology. Thus, in this research, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was used to create an electrochemical sensor for the selective detection of NE. Prior to this, functional monomers were chosen through molecular modeling utilizing molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics computations. According to these studies, the 3-aminophenylboronic acid (3-APBA) functional monomer produces the most stable complex with NE in molecular modeling calculations. Based on this, by electropolymerizing 3-APBA in the presence of the template molecule NE, an imprinting polymer film is formed on the screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) surface. Stepwise fabrication of imprinted polymer films was examined through differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), cyclic voltammetry (CV), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The performance of the electrochemical NE sensor removal and rebinding levels of the template was studied and optimized. The selectivity for NE was confirmed by using interference studies of small molecules like dopamine, tyrosine, and serotonin. Under optimum levels, the fabricated MIP sensor had a broad linear range over NE concentrations of 0.1 pM–5 pM; sensitivity: 0.004 mA pM−1; limit of detection: 0.03 pM. It is noteworthy that the newly created MIP sensor was effectively validated for NE detection in plasma samples. [Display omitted] • A MIP sensor was developed to detect NA. Before that, molecular modeling was carried out by conducting polymers with NA. • MIP and NIP modified sensors were characterized by CV, DPV, EIS and SEM. • A highly selective, sensitive, stable, good reproducible and reusable MIP sensor was reported. • The imprinted sensor was further validated by applying it to determine NA in plasma sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple gas sensor consisting of a molecularly imprinted polymer-carbon nanotube composite cast onto a screen-printed electrode has been developed with extremely high selectivity for ethanol vapour over methanol vapour. Ethanol gas sensors typically display selectivity for ethanol over methanol in the range 2–4 times, while the mean ratio of ethanol to methanol response observed with the described device was 672. This selectivity was achieved under ambient conditions. Additionally, the molecularly imprinted polymer was produced using reagents previously applied in the development of a device selective for methanol, with only the template being changed. This demonstrates the versatility of molecular imprinting and provides a foundation for their greater integration into future gas sensors. [Display omitted] • Highly selective ethanol vapour sensing material based on molecularly imprinted polymer. • Mean selectivity for ethanol over methanol of 672. • 2 orders of magnitude greater than previously described ethanol sensors. • Designed to function under ambient conditions. • Selectivity achieved by template exchange, demonstrating molecular imprinting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal polymerization (TP) and electropolymerization (EP) are the two methods used in this study to explore the molecular imprinting process. To detect the antiviral medication lopinavir (LPV), an inhibitor of enzyme HIV-1 protease that is co-formulated with ritonavir (RTV) to extend its half-life in the body, with greater precision, these methods were merged with an electrochemical sensor. The sensors were created on glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) using TP with methacrylic acid (MAA) functional monomer and EP with p -aminobenzoic acid (PABA) functional monomer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical methods were utilized to examine the technical features of the suggested sensors. For both approaches, the necessary optimization investigations were carried out. Different LPV concentrations, ranging from 1.0 pM to 17.5 pM in drug solution and commercial human serum samples, were used to validate the analytical efficiency of the two sensors and compare their electroanalytical behaviour. For TP-LPV@MIP/GCE and EP-LPV@MIP/GCE, the corresponding limit of detection (LOD) was 2.68 × 10−13 M (0.169 pg mL−1) and 1.79 × 10−13 M (0.113 pg mL−1) in standard solutions, and 2.87 × 10−13 M (0.180 pg mL−1) and 2.91 × 10−13 M (0.183 pg mL−1) in serum samples. For the measurement of LPV in tablet form and serum samples, the proposed TP-LPV@MIP/GCE and EP-LPV@MIP/GCE sensors provide good recovery, demonstrating 99.85–101.16 % and 100.36–100.97 % recovery, respectively. The imprinting factor was utilized to demonstrate the selectivity of the suggested sensors by utilizing several anti-viral drugs that are structurally comparable to LPV. Additionally, the constructed sensors were examined for the potential impacts of interferences and the stability during the storage. [Display omitted] • The first use of MIP-based electrochemical sensors for LPV measurement. • Comparing two distinct MIP approaches (thermal and electropolymerization). • Precise and reliable assessment of biological and pharmacological tablets. • MIP-based sensor offers great selectivity along with excellent sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A core–shell cellulase-based bioreactor with dual functions was constructed. • The bioreactor increases the yield of phloretin by 122 times. • There was no reduction in conversion efficiency of the bioreactor after ten cycles. • The photothermal antibacterial rate of the bioreactor exceeded 85%. In this work, a core–shell cellulase-based bioreactor with dual functions was constructed, which can not only fully utilize their transformation characteristics but also can be used as photothermal antibacterial material. First, cellulose microspheres with porous nano-structure were used to immobilize enzymes. Subsequently, a molecularly imprinted layer was coated around the immobilized enzyme using dopamine as functional monomer and crosslinker. Therefore, the bioreactor achieved recognition and enrichment of phlorizin through targeted recognition sites on the surface of the shell structure. The bioreactor can convert phlorizin into phloretin, which can increase the yield of phloretin in lithocarpus litseifolius leaves extract by 122 times, and its conversion efficiency still maintained more than 95 % after 10 times of reuse. The molecular imprinting layer on the surface prepared with dopamine also showed excellent photothermal conversion characteristics. It was found that the bioreactor possessed good photothermal antibacterial abilities on both P. aeruginosa (antibacterial rate was 96.19 %) and B. subtilis (antibacterial rate was 85.98 %) via near-infrared light irradiation (808 nm). Moreover, the bioreactor with photothermal antibacterial property can effectively protect C. elegans from bacterial infections, and reduce the colonization of P. aeruginosa and B. subtilis in the C. elegans , thereby enhancing their survival rate. Our study offers a promising strategy to design a dual-functional bioreactor for the biotransformation of phytochemicals and expands the application of photothermal conversion technology in antibacterial fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are typically synthesized in organic solvents, leading to poor compatibility with water, weak affinity and selectivity for target molecules in aqueous media. To address these challenges, a green and sustainable synthesis of sandwich bread-like ATP@MIP was conducted using polyethylenimide (PEI) and deep eutectic solvent (DES) as hydrophilic bi-functional monomers via layer-by-layer self-assembly on the attapulgite (ATP) carrier. The new ATP@MIP can provide a higher density of imprinting sites with more orderly and uniform distribution due to inhibiting the competitive polymerization between PEI and DES, thereby significantly enhancing recognition ability. Moreover, the ATP@MIP was synthesized in water, aligning with green chemistry principles and establishing a sustainable preparation method for MIP materials. Equipped with the remarkable merits of good water compatibility, excellent selectivity (IF=3.6), high adsorption capacity (77.6 mg g -1 ) and desirable repeatability (8 times), the as-prepared materials were used as a solid phase extraction adsorbent for efficient separation and enrichment of baicalin from Scutellariae Radix. More importantly, the recognizing performance of ATP@MIP for baicalin increased 1.40-1.69 times than other MIP materials, and its excellent specificity was demonstrated in comparison with several common commercial adsorbents (C18, HLB, MCX and SAX). Therefore, this work introduces a feasible and green strategy to synthesize water-compatible MIP materials for highly selective enrichment and separation of active components from natural products., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors have declared that there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

A novel method for detecting Cd(II) and Pb(II) in water using composite ion-imprinted membranes (Cd@Pb-IIM/Ag@MOF@CHI) was developed. Pre-polymerization ratios were optimized via computer simulations and applied on Ag@MOF@CHI-modified electrodes using infrared light initiation. Characterization of the membranes through SEM and electrochemical methods revealed detailed morphology and composition. The sensor showed a dynamic linear response for Cd(II) and Pb(II) concentrations ranging from 1.1 × 10 -9 to 1.2 × 10 -6  mol L -1 , with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10 -10  mol L -1 . In samples with various non-target ions, the sensor exhibited high selectivity, attributed to the optimal coordination ratio (Cd(II): Pb(II): PAR = 1:1:3). Successful tests were conducted in tap, lake, and river water, highlighting its potential for environmental monitoring., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)