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A series of interactive experiments are conducted to analyze the drag reduction technology with a rotating disk apparatus that combines microgroove structure and drag‐reducing additives including polyethylene oxide (PEO), cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC), and sodium salicylate (NaSal). By varying the disk type, concentration of drag‐reducing additives, temperature, and Reynolds number (Re), the corresponding drag reduction rates are obtained effectively. The experimental results indicate that adding CTAC strengthens the heat degradation and shear resistance of PEO; while PEO can enhance the ability of CTAC to form micellar structures and balance energy distribution at low concentrations. Moreover, the synergistic effect of these two additives presents a better drag reduction performance with a maximum drag reduction rate of 24.1%; while the microgroove structure enhances the effect of active drag reduction. Therefore, the combination of active and passive drag reduction technology broadens the application of energy saving and consumption reduction in hydraulic rotating machinery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yupingfeng granules (YPFG) is commonly used in the treatment of immunological diseases, inflammations, and pulmonary diseases. Several studies have found that chromones, flavones, and saponins were the major bioactive compounds of YPFG. However, few studies have reported accurate quantification methods of these compounds. This study aimed to establish a simple and rapid method by using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to determine 15 bioactive compounds in YPFG. The experimental parameters including extraction methods, extraction solvents, extraction time, solid–liquid ratio, and LC–MS/MS condition were optimized. The linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery of the established method were evaluated. The contents of 15 bioactive compounds in seven batches of YPFG samples were analyzed by the established method and the results were compared with the values determined by HPLC. The optimal extraction condition was to extract 0.1 g of YPFG by ultrasound with 50 mL 50% ethanol for 30 min. A Waters ACQUITY UPLCBEH C18 column using the 0.1% formic acid water solution and acetonitrile as mobile phase with a gradient elution was applied to the chromatographic separation. The linearity, precision, repeatability, stability, and recovery of the method were within acceptable ranges. Compared with HPLC analysis methods in Chinese Pharmacopoeia and literature, the established method was faster, simpler, more accurate, and more reliable. The method of simultaneous determination of 15 components in YPFG by LC–MS might provide a basis for the study of the bioactive compounds and the improvement of the quality standard of YPFG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hard carbon stands out as one of the premier anodes for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), celebrated for its cost‐effectiveness, natural abundance, and high yield. Yet, its performance in PIBs remains subpar due to slow kinetics, a result of the large ionic radius of K‐ions. Herein, a unique lamellar N/O/S‐tri‐doped hard carbon (NOSHC) has been developed at an impressively low pyrolysis temperature of 500°C, showcasing a distinct "slope‐dominated" characteristic. NOSHC delivers superior rate performance with a dominant surface‐driven capacitive contribution (71.6% at a scan rate of 0.5 mV s−1), maintaining a robust reversible specific capacity of 125 mAh g−1 (half its peak) even at 5 A g−1. Its stability is equally commendable, as it sustains a substantial specific capacity of 265 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1 and retains 210 mAh g−1 post‐1000 cycles at 1 A g−1. Moreover, NOSHC undergoes continuous activation via potassiation/depotassiation during cycling. Rich heteroatom doping introduces a plethora of defects and vacancies, creating abundant active sites. The distinct lamellar structure, featuring minimal pores, optimizes K‐ions transport by shortening the diffusion length. This study unveils the potential of enhancing hard carbon anodes for PIBs by harnessing a low carbonization temperature approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple, environmentally friendly and efficient montmorillonite (MMT)‐metal ion (Me: Mg2+, Ca2+, Fe3+ and Zn2+)‐carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) organic–inorganic hybrid film is successfully applied to flame retardant cellulose paper through layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly (LbL) technology. Using SEM, TGA, XPS, air permeability test and horizontal flammability test to characterize its surface morphology, thermal stability, air permeability and flame retardancy. The results show that MMT‐Me‐CMC system can endow cellulose paper with high flame retardancy properties, and different metal ions have different contributions to the flame retardancy. MMT with multi‐layer structure and high specific surface area is beneficial to reduce the air permeability of paper, thereby effectively reducing the flammability of flammable pyrolysis gas and the transfer of heat. The XPS analysis shows that the Zn2+ flame retardant system promotes the formation of graphitized char in the condensed phase. Meanwhile, the possible flame‐retardant mechanism of the system is clarified. Zn2+ replaces Al3+ in MMT, thus increasing the active acidic catalytic sites on MMT. This promotes the carbonization of degradation products and forms graphitized clay‐rich char. This work provides a simple and efficient LbL preparation strategy and provides a reference for the catalytic role of metal ions in the flame retardancy of cellulose paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D semiconductors are regarded as the potential channel materials for high‐performance integrated optoelectronics. However, the absence of an effective photoconductive gain mechanism and the adverse effects from traditional SiO2 substrate prevent the further breakthrough of the photosensitivity of 2D semiconductors‐based photodetectors. Here, an ingenious out‐of‐plane heterostructure is proposed for boosting the photosensitivity. Sub‐millimeter scale (>700 µm) tri‐layer WSe2 with high quality and uniformity is robustly deposited and integrated with 2D photosensitive channels for gate‐tunable photodetection. The WSe2 with naturally passivated surface can not only serve as a substrate passivation layer to mitigate the detrimental substrate effects, but also introduces vertical built‐in fields, which efficiently separates the photogenerated carriers and produces high photoconductive gain. Under gate voltage modulation, the proposed InSe photodetector exhibits a series of excellent performances, including responsivity of 112 A W−1, detectivity of 8.6 × 1012 Jones, light on/off ratio of 1.3 × 104 and rise/decay time of 29.1/15.3 ms. More inspiringly, this heterostructure scheme is universally applicable to 2D WS2 photodetector and also significantly improves its photosensitivity, demonstrating broad applicability. This research will provide helpful guidance for the design and optimization of customizable optoelectronic devices based on 2D semiconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Periosteosis refers to pathological woven bone formation beneath the cortical bone of the long bones. It is an imaging hallmark of primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy (PHO) and also considered as one of the major diagnostic criteria of PHO patients. Up to date, detailed information on bone quality changes in long bones of PHO patients is still missing. This study aimed to evaluate bone microarchitecture and bone strength in PHO patients by using high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR‐pQCT). The study comprised 20 male PHO patients with the average age of 27.0 years and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. The areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was assessed at the lumbar spine (L1–L4) and hip (total hip and femoral neck) by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), and microstructure parameters at the distal tibia were evaluated by using HR‐pQCT. Bone strength was evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA) based on HR‐pQCT screening at distal tibia. Urinary prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), serum phosphatase (ALP), beta‐C‐telopeptides of type I collagen (β‐CTX), soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and neuronal calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) were investigated. As compared with healthy controls, PHO patients had larger bone cross‐sectional areas; lower total, trabecular, and cortical vBMD; compromised bone microstructures with more porous cortices, thinned trabeculae, reduced trabecular connectivity, and relatively more significant resorption of rod‐like trabeculae at distal tibia. The apparent Young's modulus was significantly lower in PHO patients. The concentration of PGE2, biomarkers of bone resorption (β‐CTX and sRANKL/OPG ratio), and the neuropeptide CGRP were higher in PHO patients versus healthy controls. PGE2 level correlated negatively with vBMD and estimated bone strength and positively with bone geometry at distal tibia. The present HR‐pQCT study is the first one illustrating the microarchitecture and bone strength features in long bones. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/Introduction: We aimed to explore whether the association between obesity and congenital heart defects (CHDs) can be mediated by maternal pregestational diabetes (PGDM). Materials and Methods: We included 53,708 mother‐infant pairs with deliveries between 2017 and 2019 from the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen. Mothers were categorized into four groups: the underweight group (body mass index [BMI] <18.5), normal weight group (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24), overweight group (24 ≤ BMI < 28) and obesity group (BMI ≥28). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between BMI and CHDs. Mediation analysis was used to confirm the effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs. Results: The proportion of obese individuals in the Birth Cohort in Shenzhen was 2.11%. Overall, 372 (0.69%) infants were diagnosed with CHDs. Maternal obesity was associated with an increased risk of CHDs (odds ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.14–3.41). The mediation effect of PGDM on the association between maternal obesity and CHDs was significant (odds ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.06–1.32). The estimated mediation proportion was 24.83%. Conclusions: Maternal obesity was associated with increased risk for CHDs, and PGDM partially mediated the association between maternal obesity and CHDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) is often accompanied by the deformity and asymmetry of the nasal region. Three‐dimensional analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between nasal soft‐ and hard‐tissue asymmetries, as well as the changes in nasal asymmetry with age, among children with repaired UCLP (age: 6–12 years). Forty‐seven patients were included in this study. Their computed tomography records were retrieved for analysis of the 3D asymmetry of 10 landmarks of the nasal soft and hard tissues. We observed that asymmetry was more severe in nasal hard tissues than in soft tissues, particularly in the sagittal dimension. Compared with patients aged 6–9 years old, patients aged 10 to 12 years old had significantly increased vertical asymmetry at the base of the alar groove (Gbase, p = 0.027) and the lateral point of the piriform aperture (LPA), (p < 0.001). The correlation between the LPA and the alar region was weak to moderate (r = 0.290 to 0.488). In conclusion, we found no evidence of growth and development in nasal hard‐tissue asymmetry among 6‐ to 12‐year‐old children with repaired UCLP, except for the vertical dimension. Nasal soft tissue exhibited a more preferable symmetry than hard tissue, and this could be attributed to the compensatory growth of nasal soft tissue, particularly in the vertical and sagittal dimensions. The weak to moderate correlations between nasal soft‐tissue asymmetry and hard‐tissue asymmetry were observed in the three dimensions. Surgeons should consider these factors when repositioning the nasal alar and controlling the size of the nostrils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the photoluminescence quantum yield (PL QY) and the environmental stability of the CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs), the Mn doping strategy has been applied first. The substitute of Mn2+ can reduce the toxicity of the lead element firstly, and then slightly enhance the stability of QDs. Increasing the nominal content of Mn, the longtime duration of the intrinsic excitation peak is significantly improved; and at a higher nominal content, a wide red emission by the d‐d transition of Mn2+ is introduced, the overall PL QY of CsPbCl3 QDs increases to 54.32 %. Secondly, to further prevent the penetration of oxygen and water, the Mn‐doped CsPbCl3@SiO2 nano‐composite with a physical coating shell was synthesized by the hydrolysis of aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The investigation on the PL spectrum within hours shows that the relative peak intensity maintains 74 % of the initial intensity and the shift of peak position is also inhibited. Finally, the nano‐composite materials were fabricated into white light‐emitting devices (WLED), under the illumination of a commercial GaN chip, the device shows a good Commission Internationale de lEclairage (CIE) color coordination of (0.31,0.35). As a result, the obtained Mn‐doped CsPbCl3@SiO2 QDs have excellent optical properties and good stability under aqueous and polar solvent environments. Therefore, this doping and coating method could pave the way for future applications in illumination and display fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D indium chalcogenides including α‐In2Se3 and InSe are promising candidates for next‐generation optoelectronic devices. However, the performance of traditional SiO2‐supported devices is limited because of the detrimental effect of the substrate, which greatly restricts charge transportation. Although the induction of an internal (built‐in) electric field can alleviate this situation, the application of conventional stacking technology required in this case inevitably introduces interface defects. Against this backdrop, in this study, a simple and universal structure for the fabrication of highly sensitive photodetectors is designed and engineered. A SiO2 window to afford a "suspended" α‐In2Se3 channel, effectively eliminating the detrimental effects of the substrate, is etched. In addition, the approach induces local strain in the suspended α‐In2Se3, which regulates the band structure and introduces intramolecular type‐II alignment. Thus, the interfacial charge transfer is optimized, and the photodetection performance is enhanced. The resulting device exhibits excellent photosensitivity (responsivity of 1672 A W−1, on/off ratio of 263, and detectivity of 7.5 × 1013 Jones), and a relatively fast response rate (12 ms for both rise and decay). This structure can also be extended to InSe devices to comprehensively enhance their photodetection performance, thereby demonstrating the broad applicability of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the relative efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or chemotherapy (CT) alone, or their combination modality in the first‐line treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: This meta‐analysis was performed on the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) after searching web databases and meeting abstracts. The main research endpoints were the comparisons of median overall survival (mOS), the OS rate of 6 months (OSR6m), 1 year (OSR1y) and 2 years (OSR2y), median progression‐free survival (mPFS), the PFS rate of 6 months (PFSR6m) and 1‐year (PFSR1y), objective response rates (ORR), and treatment‐related adverse events (TRAEs). Results: Eleven RCTs comprising 6278 cases were included. In the subgroup of programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) ≥50%, compared with chemotherapy, the ICIs showed similar OSR6m (P > 0.05), but significantly improved efficacy in mOS, OSR1y, OSR2y, and ORR (all P < 0.05), also had less grade ≥ 3 TRAEs. Compared with pembrolizumab alone, pembrolizumab plus CT in the subgroup of PD‐L1 ≥ 50% had similar mOS, OSR6m, OSR1y, and PFSR1y (all P > 0.05), but significantly improved mPFS, PFSR6m, and ORR (all P < 0.05 for interaction). Compared with the CT group, ICIs plus CT group with PD‐L1 ≥ 50% or <1% showed significant benefit in OS, PFS, and ORR (all P < 0.05). However, in the ICIs plus CT group with 1% ≤ PD‐L1 ≤ 49%, only PFS and ORR showed significant benefit compared with CT group (all P < 0.05), but not for results of OS. Conclusions: The findings support the rationale for using pembrolizumab alone in the first‐line treatment of PD‐L1 ≥ 50% advanced NSCLC due to the similar OS and lower grade ≥ 3 TRAEs. However, the combination of ICIs and chemotherapy is strongly recommended in patients with PD‐L1 ≤ 49% for significant survival benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coreceptor binding site of gp120 plays an important role in HIV entry into host cell. X5 and 17b are typical coreceptor binding site antibodies with the ability to broadly neutralize HIV. Thus, here, to study the neutralizing mechanism of two antibodies and identify the source of two antibodies with different neutralizing ability, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for the complexes of X5 and 17b with gp120 and CD4. The simulation results indicate X5 and 17b mainly affects CD4 and coreceptor binding sites. Specifically, for CD4 binding site (CD4bs), the binding of antibodies has different effects on CD4bs with and without CD4. However, for coreceptor binding sites, the binding of the antibodies has consistent influence on the region adjacent to loop V3 despite of the simulated systems with or without CD4. The binding of the antibodies enhances the interactions of gp120 region adjacent to loop V3 with other region of gp120, which are unfavorable for conformational rearrangements of the region adjacent to loop V3 and further binding the coreceptor. Additionally, the interactions of loop V3 and bridging sheet with X5 lead to the close motion of loop V3 in X5 bound form, which further influences the rearrangements in gp120. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2D van der Waals heterostructures with different types of band alignment have recently attracted great attention due to their unique optical and electrical properties. Most 2D heterostructures are formed by transfer‐stacking two monolayers together, but the interfacial quality and controllable orientation of such artificial structures are inferior to those epitaxial grown heterostructures. Herein, for the first time, a direct vapor phase growth of high‐quality vertically stacked heterostructure of SnS2/MoS2 monolayers is reported. An extremely Type II band alignment exists in this 2D heterostructure, with band offset larger than any other reported. Consistent with the large band offset, distinctive optical properties including strong photoluminescence quenching in the heterostructure area are observed in the heterostructure. The SnS2/MoS2 heterostructures also exhibit well‐aligned lattice orientation between the two layers, forming a periodic Moiré superlattice pattern with high lattice mismatch. Electrical transport and photoresponsive studies demonstrate that the SnS2/MoS2 heterostructures exhibit an obvious photovoltaic effect and possess high on/off ratio (>106), high mobility (27.6 cm2 V−1 s−1) and high photoresponsivity (1.36 A W−1). Efficient synthesis of such vertical heterostructure may open up new realms in 2D functional electronics and optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel pyrazolyl-oxadiazoline derivatives bearing 1,2,4-triazole moiety 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, 4f, 4g, 4h, 4i, 4j, 4k, 4l, 4m, 4n, 4o, 4p were synthesized by schiff bases of 3-methyl-1-phenyl−5-(1,2,4-triazole-1-yl)-4-formylpyrazole 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d and various benzohydroximinoyl chlorides in the presence of Et3N via . The target products were confirmed by IR, 1H-NMR, MS, elemental analysis. In addition, the structure of compound 4d was defined by X-ray crystallography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new tricyclic 1,5-benzothiazepine derivatives containing 2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)quinoline were synthesized by the reaction of 1,5-benzothiazepine with benzohydroximinoyl chlorides via . The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Vascular hyperpermeability and highly upregulated bone resorption in the destructive repair progress of steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) are associated with a high expression of VEGF and high Src activity (Src is encoded by the cellular sarcoma [c-src] gene). This study was designed to prove our hypothesis that blocking the VEGF-Src signaling pathway by specific Src siRNA is able to prevent destructive repair in a SAON rabbit model. Destructive repair in SAON was induced in rabbits. At 2, 4, and 6 weeks after SAON induction, VEGF, anti-VEGF, Src siRNA, Src siRNA+VEGF, control siRNA, and saline were introduced via intramedullary injection into proximal femora for each group, respectively. Vascularization and permeability were quantified by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI. At week 6 after SAON induction, proximal femurs were dissected for micro-computed tomography (μCT)-based trabecular architecture with finite element analysis (FEA), μCT-based angiography, and histological analysis. Histological evaluation revealed that VEGF enhanced destructive repair, whereas anti-VEGF prevented destructive repair and Src siRNA and Src siRNA+VEGF prevented destructive repair and enhanced reparative osteogenesis. Findings of angiography and histomorphometry were consistent with those determined by DCE MRI. Src siRNA inhibited VEGF-mediated vascular hyperpermeability but preserved VEGF-induced neovascularization. Bone resorption was enhanced in the VEGF group and inhibited in the anti-VEGF, Src siRNA, Src siRNA+VEGF groups as determined by both 3D μCT and 2D histomorphometry. FEA showed higher estimated failure load in the Src siRNA and Src siRNA+VEGF groups when compared to the vehicle control group. Blockage of VEGF-Src signaling pathway by specific Src siRNA was able to prevent steroid-associated destructive repair while improving reconstructive repair in SAON, which might become a novel therapeutic strategy. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of novel 1,2,4-oxadiazoline derivatives containing 2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)quinoline were synthesized by the reaction of imines with benzohydroximinoyl chlorides in the presence of Et3N via 1,3-diplolar . The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental, and X-ray crystallographic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fipronil is an effective insecticide, but it presents highly toxic effects in nontarget aquatic organisms. The present study examined the enantioselective toxicity and degradation of fipronil enantiomers in a freshwater algae Scenedesmus obliguus suspension. There was a substantial difference in the acute toxicity of the enantiomers to S. obliguus, with 72-h median effective concentrations (EC50s) of 0.29 mg L−1 and 1.50 mg L−1 for the R-fipronil and S-fipronil, respectively. The influences on the concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids were determined, and the effects of fipronil on the concentration of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were also enantioselective. The degradation of fipronil in algae suspension was enantioselective, with half-lives for R-fipronil and S-fipronil of 2.9 d and 3.2 d, respectively, and the enantiomer fraction reaching 0.65 at the day 17. The enantiomeric differences should be taken into consideration for fipronil risk assessment. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2516-2521. © 2014 SETAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new tricyclic 1,5-benzothiazepine derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 1,5-benzothiazepine containing 2-phenoxy-quinoline with chloracetyl chloride and phenoxyacetyl chloride. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR MS, and elemental analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Sclerostin is a negative regulator of bone formation. Sclerostin monoclonal antibody (Scl-Ab) treatment promoted bone healing in various animal models. To further evaluate the healing efficiency of Scl-Ab in osteotomy healing, we investigated the time course effects of systemic administration of Scl-Ab on fracture repair in rat femoral osteotomy model. A total of 120 six-month-old male SD rats were subjected to transverse osteotomy at the right femur mid-shaft. Rats were treated with vehicle or Scl-Ab treatment for 3, 6, or 9 weeks. Fracture healing was evaluated by radiography, micro-CT, micro-CT based angiography, 4-point bending mechanical test and histological assessment. Scl-Ab treatment resulted in significantly higher total mineralized callus volume fraction, BMD and enhanced neovascularization. Histologically, Scl-Ab treatment resulted in a significant reduction in fracture callus cartilage at week 6 and increase in bone volume at week 9, associated with a greater proportion of newly formed bone area at week 6 and 9 by fluorescence microscopy. Mechanical testing showed significantly higher ultimate load in Scl-Ab treatment group at week 6 and 9. This study has demonstrated that Scl-Ab treatment enhanced bone healing in a rat femoral osteotomy model, as reflected in increased bone formation, bone mass and bone strength. © 2014 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:997-1005, 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Fibrous tissue is often formed in delayed healing of tendon bone insertion (TBI) instead of fibrocartilage. Extracorporeal shockwave (ESW) provides mechanical cues and upregulates expression of fibrocartilage-related makers and cytokines. We hypothesized that ESW would accelerate fibrocartilage regeneration at the healing interface in a delayed TBI healing model. Partial patellectomy with shielding at the TBI interface was performed on 32 female New Zealand White Rabbits for establishing this delayed TBI healing model. The rabbits were separated into the control and ESW group for evaluations at postoperative week 8 and 12. Shielding was removed at week 4 and a single ESW treatment was applied at week 6. Fibrocartilage regeneration was evaluated histomorphologically and immunohistochemically. Vickers hardness of the TBI matrix was measured by micro-indentation. ESW group showed higher fibrocartilage area, thickness, and proteoglycan deposition than the control in week 8 and 12. ESW increased expression of SOX9 and collagen II significantly in week 8 and 12, respectively. ESW group showed a gradual transition of hardness from bone to fibrocartilage to tendon, and had a higher Vickers hardness than the control group at week 12. In conclusion, ESW enhanced fibrocartilage regeneration at the healing interface in a delayed TBI healing model. © 2013 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 32:507-514, 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of mitotically stable yeast strains for heterologous gene or pathway expression often requires chromosomal integration. However, transcription levels vary between different chromosome regions. We therefore characterized 20 different integration sites of the Sacchromyces cerevisiae genome by inserting lacZ as a reporter gene under the control of two different promoters and determining expression levels through enzyme activity measurement. An up to 8.7-fold difference was detected between the sites conferring lowest and highest expression, respectively. This opens the opportunity for modulating gene expression levels while retaining promoter and culture conditions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the study "Design and Synthesis of Novel 2-(1,2,4-Triazol-1-yl)-quinoline-Based Tricyclic 1,5-Benzothiazepine Derivatives" by L. Huang and colleagues is presented.

This article presents the study of canine erythrocyte antibodies. An adaptation of the Polybrene technique for typing of canine erythrocytes is reported in this paper. Dog whole blood was anticoagulated with acid-citrate-dextrose in a proportion of 1:9 The samples were stored at 40, and used within 10 days. Manual typing and titrations were performed. Adaptation of this technique to canine blood study required two modifications: 15 per cent bovine serum albumin was substituted for homologous normal serum; the concentration of Polybrene was reduced to 0.033 mg/ml. Results demonstrated that the Polybrene technique is from 12.5 (anti-A) to 3200-fold (anti-He) more sensitive than the manual technique.