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Qualitative interactions occur when a treatment effect or measure of association varies in sign by sub‐population. Of particular interest in many biomedical settings are absence/presence qualitative interactions, which occur when an effect is present in one sub‐population but absent in another. Absence/presence interactions arise in emerging applications in precision medicine, where the objective is to identify a set of predictive biomarkers that have prognostic value for clinical outcomes in some sub‐population but not others. They also arise naturally in gene regulatory network inference, where the goal is to identify differences in networks corresponding to diseased and healthy individuals, or to different subtypes of disease; such differences lead to identification of network‐based biomarkers for diseases. In this paper, we argue that while the absence/presence hypothesis is important, developing a statistical test for this hypothesis is an intractable problem. To overcome this challenge, we approximate the problem in a novel inference framework. In particular, we propose to make inferences about absence/presence interactions by quantifying the relative difference in effect size, reasoning that when the relative difference is large, an absence/presence interaction occurs. The proposed methodology is illustrated through a simulation study as well as an analysis of breast cancer data from the Cancer Genome Atlas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Considering the conflicting effects of bupropion on parameters related to cardiovascular system including blood pressure and inflammation, in this meta‐analysis study, we investigated the effects of this drug alone or in combination with naltrexone on systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and C‐reactive protein (CRP). Methods: Scopus, PubMed/Medline, Web of Science and Embase databases were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating effects of bupropion alone and combined with naltrexone on the BP and CRP. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were achieved by random‐effects model analysis for the best estimation of outcomes. Results: The pooled findings showed that that bupropion alone or in combination with naltrexone would significantly increase SBP (weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.34 mmHg, 95% CI: 0.38–2.29) and DBP (WMD: 0.93 mmHg, 95% CI 0.88–0.99) as well as decrease CRP (WMD: −0.89 mg/L, 95% CI −1.09 to −0.70). The findings of the subgroup also show the greater effect of bupropion on blood pressure (SBP and DBP) increase in a dose greater than 360 mg and a duration of intervention less equal to 26 weeks. In addition, the subgroup analysis showed that changes in SBP after receiving bupropion together with naltrexone were more compared to bupropion alone. Conclusions: The addition of combination therapies such as bupropion and naltrexone can significantly improve CRP levels. However, its effect on blood pressure requires proper management of this drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: The immune activation in COVID‐19 may trigger narcolepsy in vulnerable patients. We suggest clinicians carefully evaluate patients with post‐COVID fatigue and hypersomnia for primary sleep disorders, specifically narcolepsy. The patient is a 33‐year‐old Iranian woman without a significant past medical history with the full range of narcolepsy symptoms that started within 2 weeks after her recovery from COVID‐19. Sleep studies revealed increased sleep latency and three sleep‐onset rapid eye movement events, compatible with a narcolepsy‐cataplexy diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report a man with a huge coronary fistula connecting the left circumflex coronary artery to the right ventricle. During the follow‐up, the patient developed progressive symptoms of heart failure nonresponsive to medical treatment. Therefore, an endovascular closure with a vascular plug was successfully done for him. Transcatheter vascular plug occlusion can be considered as an alternative for closure of symptomatic high‐flow large coronary artery fistulas in patients with a high risk of surgery and chance of coil dislocation, embolization, or unavailability of proper coils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new mathematical model is presented to solve the flexible flow shop problem where transportation is reliable and there are constraints on intermediate buffers, budgets, and human resource learning effects. Firstly, the model is validated to confirm the accuracy of its performance. Then, since it is an NP-hard one, two metaheuristic algorithms, namely, MOSA and MOEA/D, are rendered to solve mid- and large-scale problems. To confirm their accuracy of performance, two small-scale problems are solved using GAMS exact solution software, and the obtained results have been compared with the output of the algorithms. Since the problem in this study is multiobjective, five comparative indices are used to compare the performance of algorithms. The results show that the answers achieved using the metaheuristic algorithms are very close to the ones achieved via the GAMS exact program. Therefore, the proposed algorithms are validated, and it is proved that they are accurately designed and useable in solving the real-world problems (which have mid- and large-scale) in logical calculation time. By comparing the obtained results, it can be seen that the MOEA/D algorithm performs better in terms of computational time (CPU time) and Mean ideal distance (MID). The MOSA algorithm also performs better according to the index Spread of nondominated solutions (SNS), diversity metric (DM), and number of Pareto solutions (NPS). Considering the confirmation of precision and accuracy of performance of the proposed algorithms, it can be concluded that MOSA and MOEA/D are useful in solving the mid- and large-scale modes of the problem in the study, which is very applicable in the real world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presented study evaluates the performance with the balanced scorecard approach and fuzzy Delphi in the Mostazafan Foundation. The main goal of the present study is to consider the most important key indicators of human resource performance for designing a business dashboard based on multi-criteria decision-making in the Mostazafan Foundation. For this, the main contributions of the article are (1) identifying the main effective human resource performance indicators using the Delphi method and (2) presenting an integration framework using multi-criteria decision-making according to the determined indicators. The target population of the study was the senior and middle managers of the Mostazafan Foundation. The questionnaire was completed by 30 experts and Cronbach's coefficient for the questionnaire was calculated to be 0.87. Finally, after using the fuzzy Delphi method, the key indicators for evaluating the performance of the Mostazafan Foundation were obtained and ranked using AHP. The results show the ranking of indicators from the financial perspective: the organization's profit per employee (per capita profit), the organization's income per employee (per capita income), and the cost of compensation for total services per employee; from the customer's point of view: the level of commitment and belonging of employees to the organization; the client's complaint rate and employees' perceptions of using their capabilities in the organization; in terms of internal processes: agility in hiring the right staff, key employees by market standards; and in terms of growth and learning, the percentage of key employees with a development plan, the rate of staff with a coach, and the rate of trained staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer awareness of broccoli's unusual color, rich flavor, and concentration of desired phytochemicals has led to a steady increase in consumption in recent years. However, its short shelf‐life, which is linked with quick discoloration and degeneration after harvest, limits industrial production and marketing. The effect of pre‐harvest salicylic acid (SA) and calcium chloride (Ca) and their combination on the post‐harvest quality of broccoli during storage (5 ± 1°C) was explored in this study. The foliar spray treatments reduced weight loss of broccoli head during storage. At the end of storage, Ca (2%) alone and in combination with SA (0.01%) significantly maintained the chlorophyll concentration rather than control. The total phenols, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacity of the Ca (2%) + SA (0.01%) treated samples was significantly greater than the control. SA (0.01%) alone or in conjunction with Ca (2%), showed higher catalase (CAT) activity; however, Ca (1%), alone or in combination with SA (0.01%), showed higher peroxidase (POD) activity. Generally, the marketability of the treated broccoli was significantly greater than the control at the end of storage. Based on these findings, we believe Ca (2%) + SA (0.01%) improves the antioxidant system, delays chlorophyll degradation, and extends the shelf life of broccoli heads stored at 5 ± 1°C. It is proposed that the green color, marketability, and nutrient content of broccoli during postharvest handling and storage can be retained longer by foliar application of this treatment. Practical applications: Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Italaia) is a widely‐consumed floral green vegetable due to its high content of nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, after harvest, florets rapidly senesce and suffer from yellowing which affects the quality of broccoli. The senescence of post‐harvest broccoli is characterized by fresh weight loss, chlorophyll degradation, and a significant reduction in nutritional content. Therefore, preventing the decline in the quality of harvested broccoli is essential to maintain its economic and nutritional value. The results of this study showed that pre‐harvest foliar application of Ca (2%) + SA (0.01%) with delayed weight loss, chlorophyll degradation, preservation of antioxidant compounds, and increased enzyme activity has a positive effect in maintaining broccoli heads quality during cold storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cross-docking is the main operation of unloading products from incoming trucks, regrouping products in relation to their destination, and loading directly onto shipping trucks, reducing warehousing, picking, transportation costs, and delivery times. This is the intended logistics technology. In this paper, we present a new bi-objective mixed-integer mathematical model for truck scheduling problems in cross-docking systems. The goal of the proposed mixed-integer mathematical model is to minimize the total operation time (makespan) and cost of moving cargo within the terminal. The performance of the proposed model is compared with that of the available model to solve small instances. The results showed that in solving small size of problem, the proposed model in this study is more efficient and we found better solutions. An evolutionary algorithm called the nondominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) has been proposed to solve larger instances due to computational complexity. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, a comparative analysis of benchmark instances was performed and the efficiency of the above algorithm was compared to the nondominated ranked algorithm (NRGA) based on the index designed in the literature. The statistical hypothesis testing (t-test) is used for determining the best algorithm based on the average runtime and average number of Pareto solutions. Using the Taguchi method, the proposed algorithms are tuned. Considering a temporary storage space and the multiple receiving and shipping docks is the main contribution of the paper. Finally, for evaluating algorithms, multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) technique and statistical method are used. The results show the suitable performance of presented model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been proved that the quality control charts with variable sampling schemes are more effective than the classical ones in improving statistical measures. The Average Number of False Alarms (ANF), Average Number of Samples (ANS), Average Number of Inspected Items (ANI), and Adjusted Average Time to Signal (AATS) have been the most important statistical measures always being attending in the evaluation of control charts. Thus, this study was conducted aiming at illustrating a comprehensive analytical review on the U control chart via the statistical measures. To this end, different levels of the possible factors were determined, and the results of calculating the statistical measures and the obtained parameters on the sampling schemes of the U control chart were presented. The results indicated that the variable U control charts were capable of improving the effectiveness of statistical measures, especially for detecting shifts and number of false alarms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Box‐Jenkins methodology is one of the most famous modeling approaches to describe the underlying stochastic structure and forecasting future values of various phenomena. In this methodology, the models are of type ARIMA, that is, autoregressive integrated moving average. Some advantages of those include robustness, easiness to use, and wide applicability in various disciplines ranging from engineering to economics. Inflation has been a highly discussed issue in economics. This research focuses on modeling and forecasting the yearly inflation rate of Iran from 1960 to 2019 using ARIMA. According to various measures, different ARIMA models are investigated to confirm their effectiveness. It is here showed that non‐seasonal ARIMA (1,0,0) is the most appropriate model for this application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Networks effectively capture interactions among components of complex systems, and have thus become a mainstay in many scientific disciplines. Growing evidence, especially from biology, suggest that networks undergo changes over time, and in response to external stimuli. In biology and medicine, these changes have been found to be predictive of complex diseases. They have also been used to gain insight into mechanisms of disease initiation and progression. Primarily motivated by biological applications, this article provides a review of recent statistical machine learning methods for inferring networks and identifying changes in their structures. This article is categorized under:Data: Types and Structure > Graph and Network DataStatistical Models > Graphical Models [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, grafted gelatin with oligoaniline (GelOA) was synthesized and then mixed with Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Several scaffolds with different ratio of PVA/GelOA were electrospun to fabricate electroactive scaffolds. GelOA was characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); moreover, nanofiber properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Nanofibers diameter was decreased with aniline oligomer increment form 300 to 150 nm because of the hydrophobic nature of the aniline oligomer. Aniline oligomer electroactivity was studied using cyclic voltammetry, which exhibited two redox peaks at 0.4 and 0.6. Moreover, aniline oligomer enhancement resulted in melting point increasing from 220°C to 230°C because of the crystallinity increment. To assess the biocompatibility of nanofibers, cell viability and cell adhesion were tracked using mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs). It was revealed that the presence of aniline oligomer leads to enhancing the conductivity, thermal properties and lowering the degradation rate and drug release. Among of different scaffolds, sample with high content of GelOA shows better behavior in physical and biological properties. Accumulative drug releases under applied electrical field at 40 minutes showed that the drug release for stimulated condition is about 33% more than the unapplied electrical field one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation contributes to disease progression in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Microglia demonstrate heterogeneous states with proposed beneficial, harmful, and disease‐specific subtypes. Defining the spectrum of microglia phenotypes is crucially important to the design of neuroinflammation‐modulating therapies. Method: We performed single‐nucleus RNA‐seq on over 120,000 microglia nuclei isolated from dorsolateral prefrontal cortices collected from 12 AD and 10 controls. Nuclei were sorted for PU.1 expression using fluorescence activated nucleus sorting. Results: We detected several microglia clusters that expressed features of "activation" as well as three previously unrecognized microglia transcriptomic subpopulations. These newly described subpopulations are defined by predominant endolysosomal gene expression patterns heterogeneous for metabolic and inflammatory signatures. One endolysosomal subtype is more abundant in AD individuals and uniquely enriched for transcripts involved in nucleic acid detection and interferon signaling. This population is distinct from a classic inflammatory subpopulation also present in our cohort, which upregulates NFKB, TLR and interferon related pathways but does not share the endolysosomal signature. Network analysis revealed subtype specific enrichment of IRF3 and IRF5 regulomes. AD individuals also exhibited increased expression of unfolded protein response and inflammatory genes in homeostatic microglia subpopulations. Conclusion: We demonstrate significant heterogeneity in human brain microglia subtypes including identifying multiple endolysosomal subpopulations. Like neuroinflammation, alterations in the endolysosomal system have been identified as a key component of AD pathology; however, how endolysosomal dysfunction contributes to AD progression remains unresolved. Our study is the first to identify a subpopulation of microglia in human AD brain correlating endolysosomal activity and interferon pathway induction supporting a relationship between these two pathways in AD pathogenesis. These results highlight the heterogenous nature of the microglia response to AD pathology and inform efforts to target specific subtypes of microglia in the development of novel AD therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Microglia‐mediated neuroinflammation is hypothesized to contribute to disease progression in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Microglia subtypes are complex, with beneficial and harmful phenotypes. Understanding the gene expression networks which define the spectrum of microglia phenotypes is critical to identifying specific targets for neuroinflammation modulating therapies. Method: Our study utilized post‐mortem brain tissue from 22 total (7 male) participants; 12 (3 male) had significant AD neuropathic change. Nuclei isolated from prefrontal cortex were sorted for the myeloid marker PU.1 using fluorescence activated nucleus sorting (FANS). The FANS approach yields larger numbers of nuclei annotated as microglia with high quality sequence from each individual. We performed single‐nucleus RNA‐seq using the 10X Genomics Chromium platform. Results: We isolated more than 120,000 microglia nuclei, facilitating group comparisons based on disease state. Unbiased clustering revealed 10 microglia clusters and improved resolution of microglia heterogeneity compared to standard single‐cell approaches. We identify clusters of microglia enriched for biological pathways implicating defined myeloid roles including interferon‐stimulated, endo/lysosomal, neurodegenerative with a "disease‐associated microglia" (DAM) signature, as well as a metabolically active and autophagic cluster. Interestingly, the cluster proportionately enriched for AD individuals' nuclei is not the DAM cluster but instead one of the clusters in which endo/lysosomal genes are highly upregulated. Furthermore, many of the genes in known AD risk loci are strongly differentially regulated in this AD associated cluster. We also identify a cluster of microglia that is proportionately enriched for control samples with upregulated cell cycle and proliferation genes. Trajectory analysis suggests that the paths AD and control nuclei take from unactivated "homeostatic" to various phenotypic states are also distinct. Conclusion: Using human AD tissue collected with uniform protocols we characterize the transcriptomic profiles of microglia subtypes in human brain. By enriching for myeloid cells prior to analysis we can resolve microglia subtypes revealing the diversity of microglia which are "inflammatory" as well as other microglia subtypes responding with induction of metabolic and lysosomal pathways. Our data identifies subtypes of microglia that are unique to AD and control individuals. These results support the possibility of pharmacological targeting of specific subtypes of microglia to alter AD progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Between 2007 and 2010, a prospective study was done on 85 patients with severe idiopathic nonsyndromic clubfeet, in our center. Demographic features, severity of the deformity before and after serial casting according to Diméglio classification, and complications were assessed. The mean age of the patients was 8 days and 69% were male. The mean follow-up period was 26 months. The average number of castings used to correct the deformity was 5.7 times (range: 4 to 8). Tenotomy was performed in 76 (89.4%) of the feet. In all patients, plantigrade foot was achieved. Tenotomy occurred more in patients with higher Diméglio scores. Although patients who underwent Achilles tenotomy began to walk later than those who did not (13±7.2 versus 9.2±18), it was not significant (P=0.06). Relapse rate, at the end of follow-up, was 27.1%. Diméglio score before casting was 16±3.4 and at the end of follow-up it was 1.6±6.2. The patients with bilateral clubfeet had inferior final outcome compared to those with unilateral clubfoot. Eighty percent of parents’ were completely satisfied with their child's gait and foot appearance (94.1%). Ponseti method of manipulation and casting is a valuable technique in severe club foot as well as in common types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new method is proposed to evaluate the utility harmonic impedance and the harmonics responsibilities at the point of common coupling. The former task is accomplished by involving the harmonic phase angles in the data correlation method, and the latter one is done using an approach based on the fluctuation of the background harmonic voltage. An important advantage of the method is to take the load harmonic impedance into account in appropriate manner. The performance of the proposed method is verified using simulation studies for different cases and also field measurements. Long‐term measurement data are used to determine the harmonic contribution of the industrial customers and short‐term measurement data are utilised to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Totally, simulation analysis and case study demonstrate more accuracy of the proposed method in comparison with other present methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver and zirconium co-doped and mono-doped titania nanocomposites were synthesized and deposited onto polyacrylonitrile fibers via sol-gel dip-coating method. The resulted coated-fibers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and BET surface area measurement. Photocatalytic activity of the TiO2-coated and TiO2-doped coated fibers were determined by photomineralization of methylene blue and Eosin Y under UV-vis light. The progress of photodegradation of dyes was monitored by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The XRD results of samples indicate that the TiO2, Ag-TiO2, Zr-TiO2, and Ag-Zr-TiO2 consist of anatase phase. All samples demonstrated photo-assisted self-cleaning properties when exposed to UV-vis irradiation. Evaluated by decomposing dyes, photocatalytic activity of Ag-Zr co-doped TiO2 coated fiber was obviously higher than that of pure TiO2 and mono-doped TiO2. Our results showed that the synergistic action between the silver and zirconium species in the Ag-Zr TiO2 nanocomposite is due to both the structural and electronic properties of the photoactive anatase phase. These results clearly indicate that modification of semiconductor photocatalyst by co-doping process is an effective method for increasing the photocatalytic activity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recently presented ab initio calculations for the reaction system of CH3Cl + OH (Dehestani and Shojaie, Int J Quantum Chem, in press) are applied to the vibrational mode analysis. Extending previous work, we use the vibrational mode analysis to elucidate the relationships of the reactants, the transition state, the intermediates (IM), and the products. The extensive investigation shows that the reaction mechanism is reliable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of OH with CH3Cl have been theoretically studied. The potential energy surface for each possible pathway has been investigated by the G2MP2 method. The rate constants for channels leading to several products have been calculated by multichannel-Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory over a temperature range 200-2000 K. The results show the major channel is hydrogen abstraction mechanism. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The role of nutritional factors including trace elements has been reported in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. Objective Regarding the relatively high prevalence of pemphigus vulgaris in Iran, we investigated the serum levels of zinc and copper as two important trace elements, together with the oxidative stress status in patients with pemphigus vulgaris. Materials and methods This case-control study was performed on 25 patients with newly diagnosed pemphigus vulgaris and 25 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Serum concentrations of zinc, copper, ceruloplasmin as well as copper/zinc ratio were determined for each subject. Oxidative stress was also measured using a novel assay of peroxidant-antioxidant balance (PAB). Results Mean serum concentrations of zinc and copper as well as copper/zinc ratio were significantly lower in patients (mean age: 47.2 ± 16.2 years; male/female: 14/11) compared with the controls (mean age: 47.3 ± 12.8 years; male/female: 14/11; P < 0.001). In contrast, PAB values were significantly elevated in patients compared with controls ( P < 0.01). No significant difference in serum ceruloplasmin concentrations was observed between the groups ( P > 0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicate that low serum zinc and copper and increased oxidative stress may be associated with pemphigus vulgaris. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-cleaning polymeric fibers have been successfully prepared by depositing ZnO nanoparticle onto wool and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers with good compatibility and significant photocatalytic self-cleaning activity using the sol-gel process at ambient temperature. scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis have been adopted as the characterization techniques. Transmission electron microscopy studies revealed presence of zinc oxide nanoparticles with 10-15 nm in size. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller measurement showed surface area of 48 m/g for the ZnO nanoparticles. Photocatalytic activity of the self-cleaning materials were tested by measuring the photo-assisted degradation of methylene blue (MB) and eosin yellowish (EY) under ultraviolet-visible illumination. The results indicate that both of the ZnO-coated polyacrylonitrile and ZnO-coated wool fibers acquire photocatalytic activity toward dyes degradation. The photocatalytic activity of the treated fibers is maintained upon several numbers of photodegradation cycles. This facile and cheap preparation technique can be also applied to new polymeric fabrics to produce self-cleaning materials for industrial application. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 21-year-old male who was reported with an epidermal nevus, multiple compound melanocytic nevi, and multiple speckled lentiginous nevus (SLN). It says that the physical examination showed a linear organoid nevus (ON) and multiple SLNs, which are the manifestations of phacomatosis pigmentokeratotica (PPK). It also mentions that a twin-spot phenomenon was observed in PPK, which is the co-occurrence of two different nevi.

The photocatalytic activity of TiO2and ZrO2coated polyacrylonitrile PAN fibers was compared through the selfcleaning of methylene blue and eosin yellowish. TiO2and ZrO2nanocrystals were successfully synthesized and deposited onto PAN fibers with photocatalytic selfcleaning activity using the solgel process at low temperature. The pristine and treated samples have been characterized by several techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, Xray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The TiO2nanoparticles with 10–20 nm in size, and ZrO2with 20–40 nm have been synthesized to form dispersed particles on the fiber surface, which shows photocatalytic properties when exposed to UV–Vis light. The photocatalytic activity, tested by measuring the degradation of adsorbed methylene blue and Eosin Y. Photocatalytic activity of TiO2coated fibers toward dyes degradation was higher than that of ZrO2coated fibers. This preparation technique can be also applied to new fabrics to create selfcleaning and UV irradiation protection properties in them. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Foot ulcers are one of the main complications in diabetes mellitus, with a 15% lifetime risk in all diabetic patients. The rate of lower extremity amputation among diabetic patients is 17–40 times higher than in non-diabetics. A critical triad of neuropathy, minor foot trauma and foot deformity was found in > 63% of diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) has been identified in 30% of foot ulcers. We present a comprehensive assessment and the treatment of DFUs. We also want to notify physicians not to ignore foot assessment and examinations in patients with diabetes. Methods: We conducted this study on DFU on the basis of: pathogenesis and risk factors, assessment and physical examination, paraclinic assessment, treatment, cost and mortality and prevention. Results and findings: Approximately 20% of hospital admissions among diabetic patients are the result of foot problems. Diabetic foot assessment should include dermatological, vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal systems. There are three basic treatments for management of DFU: (i) debridement; (ii) antibiotics and (iii) revascularization. The cost to treat one simple ulcer is $5000 to $8000. Conclusion: Awareness of physicians about foot problems in diabetic patients, clinical examination and paraclinical assessment, regular foot examination, patient education, simple hygienic practices and provision of appropriate footwear combined with prompt treatment of minor injuries can decrease ulcer occurrence by 50%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cover image is based on the Advance Review Differential network analysis: A statistical perspective by Ali Shojaie., https://doi.org/10.1002/wics.1508. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The E/Z ratio of the reaction products of (I) with methyl or tert-butyl propiolate (II) or (V) is studied (only some yields are given). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molecule of the title compound, [Hg(C13H9N2O2S)2], has approximate twofold rotation symmetry, with the Hg atom in an essentially linear two-coordinate HgS2 environment supported by secondary π interactions with the nitrophenyl rings of both ligands. The ligands are in the imine–thiolate rather than the amine–thione tautomeric form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molecule of the title compound, [Hg(C(13)H(9)N(2)O(2)S)(2)], has approximate twofold rotation symmetry, with the Hg atom in an essentially linear two-coordinate HgS(2) environment supported by secondary pi interactions with the nitrophenyl rings of both ligands. The ligands are in the imine-thiolate rather than the amine-thione tautomeric form.