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43 results on '"Sameer Jadhav"'

1. Detection of virulent and ESBL-resistant Salmonella species from cattle and associated farm environment

Author

SNEHAL SUDRIK, RAHUL KOLHE, CHANDRAKANT BHONG, TEJAS SHENDE, SAMEER JADHAV, PRASHANT MHASE, VIKAS WASKAR, GANESH HINGE, and SNEHAL GADHAVE

Subjects
Antibiotic resistance, Cattle, ESBL, Salmonella, Virulence, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the virulence characteristics and antibiotic resistance in Salmonella species isolated from cattle farms. During the study, 10 cattle farms were selected and from each farm, 35 samples consisting of faeces, milk, udder swabs, hand swabs, floor swabs, animal drinking water, pit water, composite fodder sample, and dairy utensil swabs were collected. Accordingly, 350 samples were collected from 10 farms and processed for the detection of Salmonella spp. Presumptive Salmonella isolates were confirmed by PCR and characterized for virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. From 350 samples, 19 (5.40%) Salmonellae were recovered, and out of 19 Salmonellae, 12 were ESBL producers. Similarly, out of 19 isolates, spvC was the predominant gene detected (42.10%), followed by stn (31.5%), and spvR (26.31%), whereas, invA, and iroB genes were detected in all 19 Salmonella isolates. Most of the Salmonella isolates were multi-drug resistant strains exhibiting resistance to nalidixic acid (94.73%), tetracycline (36.84%), and ceftazidime (42.10%). Out of 12 ESBL-positive Salmonellae, 9 (75%) isolates harboured ESBL genes, viz. blaSHV and blaTEM (25% each) and blaCTX-M and blaOXA (16.66% each). Six Salmonella isolates showed the presence of tetA gene. The current study indicated healthy cattle and the associated farm environments could be a source of virulent and drug-resistant Salmonellae. The current study also advocates phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance monitoring at farm animal premises and agricultural ecosystems.

Published
2024
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2. CRISPs Function to Boost Sperm Power Output and Motility

Author

Avinash S. Gaikwad, Ashwin Nandagiri, David L. Potter, Reza Nosrati, Anne E. O’Connor, Sameer Jadhav, Julio Soria, Ranganathan Prabhakar, and Moira K. O’Bryan

Subjects
male fertility, male infertility, flagella, axoneme, crisp, sperm function, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Fertilization requires sperm to travel long distances through the complex environment of the female reproductive tract. Despite the strong association between poor motility and infertility, the kinetics of sperm tail movement and the role individual proteins play in this process is poorly understood. Here, we use a high spatiotemporal sperm imaging system and an analysis protocol to define the role of CRISPs in the mechanobiology of sperm function. Each of CRISP1, CRISP2, and CRISP4 is required to optimize sperm flagellum waveform. Each plays an autonomous role in defining beat frequency, flexibility, and power dissipation. We thus posit that the expansion of the CRISP family from one member in basal vertebrates, to three in most mammals, and four in numerous rodents, represents an example of neofunctionalization wherein proteins with a common core function, boosting power output, have evolved to optimize different aspects of sperm tail performance.

Published
2021
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3. Flagellar energetics from high-resolution imaging of beating patterns in tethered mouse sperm

Author

Ashwin Nandagiri, Avinash Satish Gaikwad, David L Potter, Reza Nosrati, Julio Soria, Moira K O'Bryan, Sameer Jadhav, and Ranganathan Prabhakar

Subjects
sperm, flagella, dynein, axoneme, image analysis, hydrodynamics, Medicine, Science, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

We demonstrate a technique for investigating the energetics of flagella or cilia. We record the planar beating of tethered mouse sperm at high resolution. Beating waveforms are reconstructed using proper orthogonal decomposition of the centerline tangent-angle profiles. Energy conservation is employed to obtain the mechanical power exerted by the dynein motors from the observed kinematics. A large proportion of the mechanical power exerted by the dynein motors is dissipated internally by the motors themselves. There could also be significant dissipation within the passive structures of the flagellum. The total internal dissipation is considerably greater than the hydrodynamic dissipation in the aqueous medium outside. The net power input from the dynein motors in sperm from Crisp2-knockout mice is significantly smaller than in wildtype samples, indicating that ion-channel regulation by cysteine-rich secretory proteins controls energy flows powering the axoneme.

Published
2021
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4. Fabrication of a microfluidic device for studying the combinatorial effect of physical and chemical cues on cell migration

Author

Neha Saxena, Sameer Jadhav, and Shamik Sen

Subjects
Biophysics, Cell biology, Cancer, Microscopy, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Summary: In vivo cell migration is influenced by soluble factors as well as stiffness. Current in vitro strategies mostly account for one of these two factors to study cell migration. To understand the combinatorial effect of stiffness and chemokines on cell behavior, we have developed a microfluidic model to study stiffness-dependent chemotaxis of mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). A detailed description of our methodology will help researchers develop microfluidic models that combine these two factors influencing cell behavior.For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Saxena et al. (2018).

Published
2021
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5. Oral manifestations among COVID-19: An observational study of 713 patients

Author

Tulsi Subramaniam, Monali R Nikalje, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
candidiasis, covid-19, glossitis, herpes simplex, oral ulcer, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract

Background: COVID-19 outbreak in 2019 took the entire world by a storm with the medical fraternity struggling to understand and comprehend its complex nature. A number of patients who are COVID positive have reported oral lesions. However, there is still a lingering question, whether these lesions are because of coronavirus infection or they are secondary to the patient's systemic condition. This article aims to report the oral findings of an observational study of 713 patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A singlssswe-institution, short-term observational study was conducted on patients admitted to Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre, Lavale, Pune who were positive to coronavirus, who presented varied oral findings such as herpes simplex, candidiasis, geographic tongue, and aphthous ulcer. Results: A total of 713 patients, 416 males and 297 females, who were positive to coronavirus, were screened from April 2020 to June 30, 2020, for oral ulcers. In this group, nine patients reported oral discomfort due to varied forms of oral lesions ranging from herpes simplex ulcers to angular cheilitis (1.26%). Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 could be secondary lesions resulting from local irritants or from the deterioration of systemic health or could be just coexisting conditions. No specific pattern or characteristic oral lesions were noted in a study of 713 COVID-positive patients in our study to qualify these lesions as oral manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Published
2021
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6. Flow characterization of a spinner flask for induced pluripotent stem cell culture application.

Author

Mohd-Zulhilmi Ismadi, Priyanka Gupta, Andreas Fouras, Paul Verma, Sameer Jadhav, Jayesh Bellare, and Kerry Hourigan

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

We present detailed quantitative measurement analyses for flow in a spinner flask with spinning rates between 20 to 45 RPM, utilizing the optical velocimetry measurement technique of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A partial section of the impeller was immersed in the working fluid to reduce the shear forces induced on the cells cultured on microcarriers. Higher rotational speeds improved the mixing effect in the medium at the expense of a higher shear environment. It was found that the mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells achieved the optimum number of cells over 7 days in 25 RPM suspension culture. This condition translates to 0.0984 Pa of maximum shear stress caused by the interaction of the fluid flow with the bottom surface. However, inverse cell growth was obtained at 28 RPM culture condition. Such a narrow margin demonstrated that mouse iPS cells cultured on microcarriers are very sensitive to mechanical forces. This study provides insight to biomechanical parameters, specifically the shear stress distribution, for a commercially available spinner flask over a wide range of Reynolds number.

Published
2014
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7. A Review on Modes of Transmission of COVID-19

Author

Sameer Jadhav and Rupali Masand Abhilash Jadhao

Subjects
Materials science, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Transmission (telecommunications), business.industry, Optoelectronics, business
Published
2021

8. CRISPs Function to Boost Sperm Power Output and Motility

Author

Ashwin Nandagiri, Ranganathan Prabhakar, David L. Potter, Sameer Jadhav, Reza Nosrati, Julio Soria, Avinash Gaikwad, Anne E. O’Connor, and Moira K O'Bryan

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Axoneme, QH301-705.5, Motility, Biology, Flagellum, male fertility, male infertility, Male infertility, 03 medical and health sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, crisp, Biology (General), axoneme, Original Research, Sperm flagellum, urogenital system, sperm function, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Sperm, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Neofunctionalization, flagella, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Function (biology), Developmental Biology
Abstract

Fertilization requires sperm to travel long distances through the complex environment of the female reproductive tract. Despite the strong association between poor motility and infertility, the kinetics of sperm tail movement and the role individual proteins play in this process is poorly understood. Here, we use a high spatiotemporal sperm imaging system and an analysis protocol to define the role of CRISPs in the mechanobiology of sperm function. Each of CRISP1, CRISP2, and CRISP4 is required to optimize sperm flagellum waveform. Each plays an autonomous role in defining beat frequency, flexibility, and power dissipation. We thus posit that the expansion of the CRISP family from one member in basal vertebrates, to three in most mammals, and four in numerous rodents, represents an example of neofunctionalization wherein proteins with a common core function, boosting power output, have evolved to optimize different aspects of sperm tail performance.

Published
2021

10. Pre-metastatic niche drives breast cancer invasion by modulating MSC homing and CAF differentiation

Author

Garvit Bhardwaj, Shamik Sen, Neha Saxena, Hamim Zafar, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Extracellular matrix, Breast cancer, Mesenchymal stem cell, Cancer cell, medicine, Cancer research, Cancer, Biology, medicine.disease, Primary tumor, Metastasis, Homing (hematopoietic)
Abstract

The extent to which cancer-associated alterations in extracellular matrix stiffness influences the crosstalk between cancer cells and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) remains unclear. By analyzing multiple singlecell RNA sequencing datasets, we establish the existence of a cell sub-population co-expressing MSC and cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) markers in highly aggressive triple-negative breast cancers in primary tumor, secondary sites, and in circulatory tumor cell clusters. Using hydrogels of varying stiffness corresponding to different stages of cancer progression, we show that on pre-metastatic stroma mimetic 2 kPa gels, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell secreted conditioned media drives efficient MSC chemotaxis and induces stable CAF differentiation in a TGFβ/contractility-dependent manner. In addition to enhancing cancer cell proliferation, 2 kPa CAFs maximally boost local invasion and confer resistance to flow-induced shear stresses. Together, our results suggest that homing of MSCs at the pre-metastatic stage and their differentiation into CAFs actively drives breast cancer invasion and metastasis.

Published
2021

11. Open data from the first and second observing runs of advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo

Author

Rich&nbsp, Abbott, Thomas&nbsp, Sheelu&nbsp, Abraham, Fausto&nbsp, Acernese, Kendall&nbsp, Ackley, Carl&nbsp, Adams, Rana&nbsp, Adhikari, Vaishali&nbsp, Adya, Christoph&nbsp, Affeldt, Michalis&nbsp, Agathos, Kazuhiro&nbsp, Agatsuma, Nancy&nbsp, Aggarwal, Odylio&nbsp, Aguiar, Amit&nbsp, Aich, Lorenzo&nbsp, Aiello, Anirban&nbsp, Ain, Ajith&nbsp, Parameswaran, Gabrielle&nbsp, Allen, Annalisa&nbsp, Allocca, Paul&nbsp, Altin, Alex&nbsp, Amato, Shreya&nbsp, Anand, Alena&nbsp, Ananyeva, Stuart&nbsp, Anderson, Warren&nbsp, Svetoslava, Angelova, Stefano&nbsp, Ansoldi, Sarah&nbsp, Antier, Stephen&nbsp, Appert, Koji&nbsp, Arai, Melody, Araya, Joseph, Areeda, Marc&nbsp, Arène, Nicolas&nbsp, Arnaud, Scott, Aronson, Arun, Kg, Ascenzi, Gregory&nbsp, Ashton, Stuart, Aston, Pia&nbsp, Astone, Florian&nbsp, Aubin, Peter&nbsp, Aufmuth, Kellie&nbsp, Aultoneal, Corey&nbsp, Austin, Valerie&nbsp, Avendano, Stanislav&nbsp, Babak, Philippe&nbsp, Bacon, Francesca&nbsp, Badaracco, Maria, Bader, Sangwook&nbsp, Bae, Anne, Baer, Jonathon&nbsp, Baird, Baldaccini, Giulio&nbsp, Ballardin, Stefan, Ballmer, Anna-marie&nbsp, Bals, Alexander&nbsp, Balsamo, Baltus, Sharan&nbsp, Banagiri, Deepak&nbsp, Bankar, Rameshwar, Bankar, Juan, Barayoga, Claudio&nbsp, Barbieri, Barry, Barish, David&nbsp, Barker, Kevin&nbsp, Barkett, Pablo&nbsp, Barneo, Fabrizio&nbsp, Barone, Bryan&nbsp, Barr, Lisa&nbsp, Barsotti, Matteo&nbsp, Barsuglia, Daniel&nbsp, Barta, Jeffrey&nbsp, Bartlett, Imre&nbsp, Bartos, Riccardo&nbsp, Bassiri, Andrea&nbsp, Basti, Mateusz&nbsp, Bawaj, Joseph, Bayley, Marco&nbsp, Bazzan, Bence&nbsp, Bécsy, Michal&nbsp, Bejger, Imene&nbsp, Belahcene, Angus, Bell, Deeksha&nbsp, Beniwal, Michael, Benjamin, Joe, Bentley, Fabio&nbsp, Bergamin, Beverly, Berger, Gerald&nbsp, Bergmann, Sebastiano&nbsp, Bernuzzi, Christopher, Berry, Diego&nbsp, Bersanetti, Alessandro&nbsp, Bertolini, Joseph&nbsp, Betzwieser, Rohan&nbsp, Bhandare, Ankit, Bhandari, Bidler, Edward&nbsp, Biggs, Igor, Bilenko, Garilynn&nbsp, Billingsley, Ross&nbsp, Birney, Ofek&nbsp, Birnholtz, Sebastien&nbsp, Biscans, Bischi, Sylvia&nbsp, Biscoveanu, Aparna&nbsp, Bisht, Guldauren&nbsp, Bissenbayeva, Massimiliano&nbsp, Bitossi, Marieanne, Bizouard, Kent, Blackburn, Jonathan&nbsp, Blackman, Carl, Blair, David, Blair, Ryan, Blair, Bobba, Nina&nbsp, Bode, Michel&nbsp, Boer, Yannick&nbsp, Boetzel, Gilles&nbsp, Bogaert, Francois&nbsp, Bondu, Edgard&nbsp, Bonilla, Romain&nbsp, Bonnand, Phillip&nbsp, Booker, Boris, Boom, Rolf&nbsp, Bork, Valerio&nbsp, Boschi, Sukanta&nbsp, Bose, Vladimir&nbsp, Bossilkov, Joel&nbsp, Bosveld, Yann&nbsp, Bouffanais, Antonella&nbsp, Bozzi, Carlo&nbsp, Bradaschia, Patrick, Brady, Alyssa&nbsp, Bramley, Marica&nbsp, Branchesi, Jim, Brau, Breschi, Tristan&nbsp, Briant, Joseph, Briggs, Francesco&nbsp, Brighenti, Alain&nbsp, Brillet, Brinkmann, Patrick&nbsp, Brockill, Aidan, Brooks, Brooks, Daniel, Brown, Sharon&nbsp, Brunett, Giacomo&nbsp, Bruno, Robert&nbsp, Bruntz, Aaron&nbsp, Buikema, Tomasz&nbsp, Bulik, Henk, Bulten, Alessandra&nbsp, Buonanno, Damir&nbsp, Buskulic, Robert, Byer, Miriam&nbsp, Cabero, Laura&nbsp, Cadonati, Giampietro&nbsp, Cagnoli, Craig&nbsp, Cahillane, Juan&nbsp, Calderón&nbsp, Bustillo, Jack, Callaghan, Thomas, Callister, Enrico&nbsp, Calloni, Jordan, Camp, Maurizio&nbsp, Canepa, Kipp, Cannon, Huy-tuong&nbsp, Cao, Junwei&nbsp, Giovanni&nbsp, Carapella, Franco&nbsp, Carbognani, Santiago&nbsp, Caride, Matthew, Carney, Gregorio&nbsp, Carullo, Julia&nbsp, Casanueva&nbsp, Diaz, Claudio&nbsp, Casentini, Javier&nbsp, Castañeda, Sarah&nbsp, Caudill, Marco&nbsp, Cavaglià, Fabien&nbsp, Cavalier, Roberto&nbsp, Cavalieri, Giancarlo&nbsp, Cella, Pablo&nbsp, Cerdá-Durán, Elisabetta&nbsp, Cesarini, Oualid&nbsp, Chaibi, Kabir&nbsp, Chakravarti, Chiwai&nbsp, Chan, Manleong&nbsp, Chan, Shiuh&nbsp, Chao, Philip&nbsp, Charlton, Eve, Chase, Eric&nbsp, Chassande-Mottin, Deep&nbsp, Chatterjee, Mayank&nbsp, Chaturvedi, Hsin-yu, Chen, Xu&nbsp, Chen, Yanbei&nbsp, Hai-ping&nbsp, Cheng, Chi-kit, Cheong, Hanyu, Chia, Chiadini, Roberto&nbsp, Chierici, Chincarini, Antonino&nbsp, Chiummo, Gihyuk&nbsp, Cho, Heesuk, Cho, Min-a&nbsp, Nelson&nbsp, Christensen, Qi&nbsp, Chu, Sheon&nbsp, Chua, Ka-wai, Chung, Shinkee&nbsp, Chung, Ciani, Pawel&nbsp, Ciecielag, Marek&nbsp, Cieślar, Alexei, Ciobanu, Ciolfi, Cipriano, Alessio&nbsp, Cirone, Filiberto&nbsp, Clara, James, Clark, Clearwater, Clesse, Frederic&nbsp, Cleva, Eugenio&nbsp, Coccia, Pierre-francois&nbsp, Cohadon, Cohen, Marta&nbsp, Colleoni, Christophe, Collette, Christopher&nbsp, Collins, Monica&nbsp, Colpi, Marcio&nbsp, Constancio&nbsp, Livia&nbsp, Jr., Conti, Sam, Cooper, Corban, Thomas, Corbitt, Isabel&nbsp, Cordero-Carrión, Silvia&nbsp, Corezzi, Kenneth, Corley, Neil&nbsp, Cornish, Corre, Corsi, Cortese, Cesar, Costa, Cotesta, Michael, Coughlin, Scott, Coughlin, Jeanpierre&nbsp, Coulon, Stefan, Countryman, Couvares, Pep, Covas, David, Coward, Matthew, Cowart, Dennis, Coyne, Coyne, Jolien, &nbsp, Creighton, Teviet, Creighton, Cripe, Michael&nbsp, Croquette, Sgwynne, Crowder, Jean-rene&nbsp, Cudell, Torrey, Cullen, Alan&nbsp, Cumming, Rebecca&nbsp, Cummings, Liam&nbsp, Cunningham, Elena&nbsp, Cuoco, Malgorzata&nbsp, Curylo, Tito&nbsp, Dal&nbsp, Canton, Gergely&nbsp, Dálya, Aykutlu&nbsp, Dana, Lara, Daneshgaran-Bajastani, Beatrice&nbsp, D’Angelo, Stefan, Danilishin, Sabrina&nbsp, D’Antonio, Karsten&nbsp, Danzmann, Christian&nbsp, Darsow-Fromm, Arnab&nbsp, Dasgupta, Laurence, &nbsp, Datrier, Vincenzo&nbsp, Dattilo, Ishant&nbsp, Dave, Michel&nbsp, Davier, Gareth, Davies, Derek&nbsp, Davis, Edward, Daw, Dan&nbsp, Debra, Malathi&nbsp, Deenadayalan, Jerome&nbsp, Degallaix, Martina&nbsp, De&nbsp, Laurentis, Samuel&nbsp, Deléglise, Matthew&nbsp, Delfavero, Nicola&nbsp, Lillo, Walter&nbsp, Del&nbsp, Pozzo, Lindsay, Demarchi, Virginia&nbsp, D’Emilio, Nicholas&nbsp, Demos, Dent, Pietri, Rosario&nbsp, Rosa, Camilla&nbsp, Rossi, Riccardo&nbsp, Desalvo, Omar&nbsp, de&nbsp, Varona, Sanjeev&nbsp, Dhurandhar, Mario, Díaz, Mauricio&nbsp, Diaz-Ortiz&nbsp, Tim&nbsp, Dietrich, Luciano&nbsp, Di&nbsp, Fiore, Chiara&nbsp, Fronzo, Cinzia&nbsp, Giorgio, Giovanni, Matteo&nbsp, Giovanni, Tristano&nbsp, Girolamo, Alberto&nbsp, Lieto, Binlei&nbsp, Ding, Sibilla&nbsp, Pace, Irene&nbsp, Palma, Renzo, Atul, Divakarla, Artemiy&nbsp, Dmitriev, Zoheyr&nbsp, Doctor, Fred&nbsp, Donovan, Katherine, Dooley, Suresh&nbsp, Doravari, Iain&nbsp, Dorrington, Thomas, Downes, Drago, Jenne, Driggers, Zhihui&nbsp, Jean-gregoire&nbsp, Ducoin, Dupej, Ofelia&nbsp, Durante, Domenico&nbsp, D’Urso, Sheila, Dwyer, Paul, Easter, Graeme&nbsp, Eddolls, Bruce&nbsp, Edelman, Tega, Edo, Oliver&nbsp, Edy, Anamaria&nbsp, Effler, Phil&nbsp, Ehrens, Johannes&nbsp, Eichholz, Stephen, Eikenberry, Eisenmann, Robert, Eisenstein, Aldo&nbsp, Ejlli, Lucianolucianikerrico&nbsp, Errico, Reed, Essick, Hector&nbsp, Estelles, Dimitri&nbsp, Estevez, Zachariah, Etienne, Todd&nbsp, Etzel, Matthew&nbsp, Evans, Tom, Evans, Rebecca, Ewing, Viviana&nbsp, Fafone, Fairhurst, Xilong&nbsp, Fan, Stefania&nbsp, Farinon, Benjamin&nbsp, Farr, Will, Farr, Edward, Fauchon-Jones, Favata, Maxime&nbsp, Fays, Mariana&nbsp, Fazio, Jon&nbsp, Feicht, Martin, Fejer, Fangchen&nbsp, Feng, Edit&nbsp, Fenyvesi, Deborah, Ferguson, Alvaro&nbsp, Fernandez-Galiana, Isidoro&nbsp, Ferrante, Elvis, Ferreira, Tabata, Ferreira, Fidecaro, Irene&nbsp, Fiori, Donatella&nbsp, Fiorucci, Maya&nbsp, Fishbach, Ryan, Fisher, Rosalba&nbsp, Fittipaldi, Margot&nbsp, Fitz-Axen, Vincenzo&nbsp, Fiumara, Raffaele&nbsp, Flaminio, Erik&nbsp, Floden, Flynn, Heather&nbsp, Fong, Antonio, Font, Perry&nbsp, Forsyth, Jean-daniel&nbsp, Fournier, Sergio&nbsp, Frasca, Frasconi, Zsolt&nbsp, Frei, Andreas&nbsp, Freise, Raymond&nbsp, Frey, Valentin&nbsp, Fritschel, Valery, Frolov, Gabriele&nbsp, Fronzè, Fulda, Fyffe, Hunter, Gabbard, Bhooshan, Gadre, Sebastian, Gaebel, Jonathan, Gair, Shanika&nbsp, Galaudage, Dhruva&nbsp, Ganapathy, Sharad, Gaonkar, Cecilio&nbsp, García-Quirós, Garufi, Bubba&nbsp, Gateley, Gaudio, Gayathri&nbsp, Gayathri, Gianluca&nbsp, Gemme, Genin, Alberto&nbsp, Gennai, George, Jogy&nbsp, Laszlo&nbsp, Gergely, Sudarshan&nbsp, Ghonge, Abhirup&nbsp, Ghosh, Archisman&nbsp, Shaon&nbsp, Bruno&nbsp, Giacomazzo, Joe, Giaime, Dwayne, Giardina, Des, Gibson, Chalisa&nbsp, Gier, Kiranjyot&nbsp, Gill, Jane&nbsp, Glanzer, Jan&nbsp, Gniesmer, Godwin, Evan&nbsp, Goetz, Ryan&nbsp, Niklas&nbsp, Gohlke, Boris&nbsp, Goncharov, Gabriela&nbsp, González, Gopakumar&nbsp, Gopakumar, Sarah, Gossan, Matthieu&nbsp, Gosselin, Gouaty, Grace, Aniello&nbsp, Grado, Massimo&nbsp, Granata, Alastair&nbsp, Grant, Slawomir&nbsp, Gras, Grassia, Gray, Rachel&nbsp, Giuseppe&nbsp, Greco, Anna, Green, Rhys&nbsp, Green, Elizabeth, Gretarsson, Hannah, Griggs, nbsp, Grignani, Grimaldi, Stefan, Grimm, Hartmut&nbsp, Grote, Steffen&nbsp, Grunewald, Pierre&nbsp, Gruning, Gianluca, Guidi, Andre, Guimaraes, Gerard&nbsp, Guixé, Hitesh, Gulati, Yuefan&nbsp, Guo, Anuradha&nbsp, Gupta, Anchal&nbsp, Pawan&nbsp, Eric, Gustafson, Dick&nbsp, Gustafson, Leila&nbsp, Haegel, Odysse&nbsp, Halim, Evan, Hall, Eleanor, Hamilton, Giles&nbsp, Hammond, Maria&nbsp, Haney, Manuela, Hanke, Hanks, Chad&nbsp, Hanna, Mark, Hannam, Otto, Hannuksela, Travis, Hansen, Joe&nbsp, Hanson, Harder, Terra&nbsp, Hardwick, Haris&nbsp, Haris, Harms, Gregg, Harry, Ian, Harry, Raine, Hasskew, Carl-johan&nbsp, Haster, Karen&nbsp, Haughian, Fergus, Hayes, James&nbsp, Healy, Antoine&nbsp, Heidmann, Matthew, Heintze, Joscha&nbsp, Heinze, Henrich&nbsp, Heitmann, Frances&nbsp, Hellman, Patrice&nbsp, Hello, Gary&nbsp, Hemming, Martin&nbsp, Hendry, Siong, Heng, Hennes, Jan-simon&nbsp, Hennig, Michele&nbsp, Heurs, Stefan&nbsp, Hild, Tanja&nbsp, Hinderer, Sarah, Hoback, Sven&nbsp, Hochheim, Elyssa&nbsp, Hofgard, Hofman, Aaron, Holgado, Nathan, Holland, Kathy&nbsp, Holt, Daniel, Holz, Hopkins, Horst, Hough, Eric, Howell, Charlie, Hoy, Yiwen&nbsp, Huang, Moritz, Hübner, Eliu, Huerta, Dominique&nbsp, Huet, Brennan&nbsp, Hughey, Victor&nbsp, Hui, Sascha&nbsp, Husa, Sabina, Huttner, Rachael&nbsp, Huxford, Tien&nbsp, Huynh-Dinh, Bartosz&nbsp, Idzkowski, Iess, Henri&nbsp, Inchauspe, Ingram, Intini, Jean, Isac, Max&nbsp, Isi, Bala, Iyer, Thibaut&nbsp, Jacqmin, Sameer, Jadhav, Shreejit, Jadhav, Alasdair, James, Karan&nbsp, Jani, Nagaraj, Janthalur, Piotr&nbsp, Jaranowski, Jariwala, Rafel&nbsp, Jaume, Alex, Jenkins, Jun&nbsp, Jiang, Grace, Johns, Aaron, Jones, Ian, Jones, Jeff, Jones, Philip&nbsp, Jones, Russell&nbsp, Reinier, &nbsp, Jonker, Ju&nbsp, Jonas&nbsp, Junker, Chinmay, Kalaghatgi, Vassiliki&nbsp, Kalogera, Brittany&nbsp, Kamai, Shivaraj&nbsp, Kandhasamy, Gungwon&nbsp, Kang, Jonah, Kanner, Shasvath, Kapadia, Karki, Rahul&nbsp, Kashyap, Marie&nbsp, Kasprzack, Wolfgang&nbsp, Kastaun, Stavros&nbsp, Katsanevas, Katsavounidis, William&nbsp, Katzman, Kaufer, Keita&nbsp, Kawabe, Fabien&nbsp, Kéfélian, Keitel, Azadeh&nbsp, Keivani, Kennedy, Joey, Key, Sudiksha&nbsp, Khadka, Farit, Khalili, Imran&nbsp, Khan, Sebastian&nbsp, Zaki, Khan, Efim, Khazanov, Nandita&nbsp, Khetan, Mohammad&nbsp, Khursheed, Nutsinee&nbsp, Kijbunchoo, Chunglee&nbsp, Kim, Grace, Kim, Jeongcho, Kim, Kyungmin&nbsp, Won&nbsp, Whansun, Kim, Young-min&nbsp, Charles&nbsp, Kimball, Peter, King, Kinley-Hanlon, Robin&nbsp, Kirchhoff, Jeffrey, Kissel, Kleybolte, Sergei&nbsp, Klimenko, Tyler, Knowles, Koch, Sina, Koehlenbeck, Gideon&nbsp, Koekoek, Soumen&nbsp, Koley, Veronica&nbsp, Kondrashov, Antonios&nbsp, Kontos, Nico&nbsp, Koper, Mikhail&nbsp, Korobko, William, Korth, Manoj&nbsp, Kovalam, Dan, Kozak, Volker&nbsp, Kringel, Krishnendu, Nv, Andrzej&nbsp, Królak, Natalie&nbsp, Krupinski, Gerrit&nbsp, Kuehn, Anil&nbsp, Kumar, Prayush&nbsp, Rakesh&nbsp, Sumit&nbsp, Ling-chi&nbsp, Kuo, Adam&nbsp, Kutynia, Benjamin, Lackey, Danny&nbsp, Laghi, Emile&nbsp, Lalande, Lam, Lam, Astrid&nbsp, Lamberts, Landry, Benjamin, Lane, Ryan, Lang, Jacob&nbsp, Lange, Brian&nbsp, Lantz, Robert, Lanza, Iuri&nbsp, La&nbsp, Rosa, Angelique&nbsp, Lartaux-Vollard, Paul, Lasky, Laxen, Albert&nbsp, Lazzarini, Claudia&nbsp, Lazzaro, Paola&nbsp, Leaci, Sean&nbsp, Leavey, Yannick, Lecoeuche, Chang-hwan, Lee, Hyung-mok, Lee, Hyungwon, Lee, Joongoo&nbsp, Lee, Kyung-ha&nbsp, Lehmann, Leroy, Letendre, Yuri&nbsp, Levin, Alvin, &nbsp, Jin&nbsp, Kaye&nbsp, Tjonnie, &nbsp, Xiang&nbsp, Frank&nbsp, Linde, Seth, Linker, Jethro, Linley, Tyson, Littenberg, Liu&nbsp, Liu, Xiaoshu&nbsp, Miquel&nbsp, Llorens-Monteagudo, Ka-lok&nbsp, Alexandra&nbsp, Lockwood, Lionel, London, Longo, Lorenzini, Vincent&nbsp, Loriette, Lormand, Losurdo, James, Lough, Carlos, Lousto, Geoffrey&nbsp, Lovelace, Harald&nbsp, Lück, Diana&nbsp, Lumaca, Andrew, Lundgren, Ma&nbsp, Yiqiu, Ronaldas&nbsp, Macas, Macfoy, Myron&nbsp, Macinnis, Duncan, Macleod, Ian, Macmillan, Adrian&nbsp, Macquet, Ignacio&nbsp, Magaña&nbsp, Hernandez, Fabian&nbsp, Magaña-Sandoval, Ryan, Magee, Ettore&nbsp, Majorana, Ivan&nbsp, Maksimovic, Asmita&nbsp, Malik, Catherine&nbsp, Man, Vuk&nbsp, Mandic, Valentina&nbsp, Mangano, Georgia, Mansell, Manske, Maddalena&nbsp, Mantovani, Michela&nbsp, Mapelli, Marchesoni, Frederique&nbsp, Marion, Szabolcs&nbsp, Márka, Zsuzsanna&nbsp, Charalampos&nbsp, Markakis, Ashot, Markosyan, Markowitz, Ed&nbsp, Maros, Antonio&nbsp, Marquina, Sylvain&nbsp, Marsat, Filippo&nbsp, Martelli, Ian, Martin, Rodica, Martin, Martinez, Denis, Martynov, Hossein&nbsp, Masalehdan, Ken&nbsp, Mason, Massera, Masserot, Thomas, Massinger, Mariela&nbsp, Masso-Reid, Simone&nbsp, Mastrogiovanni, Andrew&nbsp, Matas, Fabrice&nbsp, Matichard, Nergis&nbsp, Mavalvala, Emily&nbsp, Maynard, Joshua, Mccann, Richard&nbsp, Mccarthy, David, Mcclelland, Scott&nbsp, Mccormick, Lee&nbsp, Mcculler, Stephen, Mcguire, Connor&nbsp, Mcisaac, Jessica&nbsp, Mciver, David, Mcmanus, Terry&nbsp, Mcrae, Sean, Mcwilliams, Duncan&nbsp, Meacher, Grant, Meadors, Moritz&nbsp, Mehmet, Ajit, Mehta, Mejuto&nbsp, Villa, Andrew&nbsp, Melatos, Gregory&nbsp, Mendell, Adam, Mercer, Mereni, Kara&nbsp, Merfeld, Edmond, Merilh, Jonathan, Merritt, Mourad&nbsp, Merzougui, Syd&nbsp, Meshkov, Chris&nbsp, Messenger, Cody&nbsp, Messick, Remi&nbsp, Metzdorff, Patrick, Meyers, Fabian&nbsp, Meylahn, Ashish&nbsp, Mhaske, Miani, Haixing&nbsp, Miao, Ioannis&nbsp, Michaloliakos, Christophe&nbsp, Michel, Hannah&nbsp, Middleton, Leopoldo&nbsp, Milano, Andrewlawrence, Miller, Meg&nbsp, Millhouse, Joseph, Mills, Edoardo&nbsp, Milotti, Michael, Milovich-Goff, Olivier&nbsp, Minazzoli, Minenkov, Alec&nbsp, Mishkin, Chandra&nbsp, Mishra, Timesh&nbsp, Mistry, Sanjit&nbsp, Mitra, Valery, Mitrofanov, Guenakh&nbsp, Mitselmakher, Mittleman, Kentaro&nbsp, Mogushi, Satyanarayan, &nbsp, Mohapatra, Siddharth, Mohite, Manel&nbsp, Molina-Ruiz, Marina&nbsp, Mondin, Montani, Christopher, Moore, Moraru, Filip&nbsp, Morawski, Gerardo&nbsp, Moreno, Soichiro&nbsp, Morisaki, Benoit&nbsp, Mours, Conor, Mow-Lowry, Mozzon, Federico&nbsp, Muciaccia, Arunava&nbsp, Mukherjee, Debnandini&nbsp, Soma&nbsp, Subroto&nbsp, Nikhil&nbsp, Mukund, Mullavey, Jesper&nbsp, Munch, Erik, Muñiz, Peter, Murray, Nagar, Ilaria&nbsp, Nardecchia, Luca&nbsp, Naticchioni, Rajesh, Nayak, Benjamin, Neil, Joshua&nbsp, Neilson, Gijs&nbsp, Nelemans, Timothy, &nbsp, Nelson, Marina&nbsp, Nery, Ansel&nbsp, Neunzert, Kwan-yeung, Ng, Nguyen, Nichols, Shania, Nichols, Samaya&nbsp, Nissanke, Flavio&nbsp, Nocera, Minkyun&nbsp, Noh, North, Devon&nbsp, Nothard, Laura, Nuttall, Jason&nbsp, Oberling, Brendan, O’Brien, Gor&nbsp, Oganesyan, Greg, Ogin, John, Oh, Sanghoon, Oh, Ohme, Hiroaki&nbsp, Ohta, Marcos, Okada, Oliver, Olivetto, Oppermann, Oram, O’Reilly, Rich, Ormiston, Luis, Ortega, O’Shaughnessy, Serguei&nbsp, Ossokine, Osthelder, David, Ottaway, Harry&nbsp, Overmier, Ben, Owen, Alexander, Pace, Giulia&nbsp, Pagano, Michael, Page, Pagliaroli, Archana&nbsp, Pai, Siddhesh, Pai, Jordan, Palamos, Oleg&nbsp, Palashov, Cristiano&nbsp, Palomba, Howard&nbsp, Pan, Pratap, Panda, Tsun-ho&nbsp, Pang, Pankow, Pannarale, F, Brijesh, Pant, Paoletti, Paoli, 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physics, RS: FSE Grav. waves and fundamental physics, RS: FSE MSP, Abbott, R., Abbott, T. 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C., Bazzan, M., Bécsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D., Benjamin, M. G., Bentley, J. D., Bergamin, F., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bhandari, A. V., Bidler, J., Biggs, E., Bilenko, I. A., Billingsley, G., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Bischi, M., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bissenbayeva, G., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blackman, J., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bobba, F., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Breschi, M., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brooks, J., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Bruno, G., Bruntz, R., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderón, Callaghan, J. D., Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Canepa, M., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Carapella, G., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Castañeda, J., Caudill, S., Cavaglià, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerdá-Durán, P., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chan, C., Chan, M., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Chen, H. Y., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chiadini, F., Chierici, R., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. S., Cho, M., Christensen, N., Chu, Q., Chua, S., Chung, K. W., Chung, S., Ciani, G., Ciecielag, P., Cieślar, M., Ciobanu, A. A., Ciolfi, R., Cipriano, F., Cirone, A., Clara, F., Clark, J. A., Clearwater, P., Clesse, S., Cleva, F., Coccia, E., Cohadon, P. -F., Cohen, D., Colleoni, M., Collette, C. G., Collins, C., Colpi, M., Constancio, M., Conti, L., Cooper, S. J., Corban, P., Corbitt, T. R., Cordero-Carrión, I., Corezzi, S., Corley, K. R., Cornish, N., Corre, D., Corsi, A., Cortese, S., Costa, C. A., Cotesta, R., Coughlin, M. W., Coughlin, S. B., Coulon, J. -P., Countryman, S. T., Couvares, P., Covas, P. B., Coward, D. M., Cowart, M. J., Coyne, D. C., Coyne, R., Creighton, J. D. E., Creighton, T. D., Cripe, J., Croquette, M., Crowder, S. G., Cudell, J. -R., Cullen, T. J., Cumming, A., Cummings, R., Cunningham, L., Cuoco, E., Curylo, M., Canton, T. Dal, Dálya, G., Dana, A., Daneshgaran-Bajastani, L. M., D’Angelo, B., Danilishin, S. L., D’Antonio, S., Danzmann, K., Darsow-Fromm, C., Dasgupta, A., Datrier, L. E. H., Dattilo, V., Dave, I., Davier, M., Davies, G. S., Davis, D., Daw, E. 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R., Molina-Ruiz, M., Mondin, M., Montani, M., Moore, C. J., Moraru, D., Morawski, F., Moreno, G., Morisaki, S., Mours, B., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mozzon, S., Muciaccia, F., Mukherjee, Arunava, Mukherjee, D., Mukherjee, S., Mukherjee, Subroto, Mukund, N., Mullavey, A., Munch, J., Muñiz, E. A., Murray, P. G., Nagar, A., Nardecchia, I., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Neil, B. F., Neilson, J., Nelemans, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Nery, M., Neunzert, A., Ng, K. Y., Ng, S., Nguyen, C., Nguyen, P., Nichols, D., Nichols, S. A., Nissanke, S., Nocera, F., Noh, M., North, C., Nothard, D., Nuttall, L. K., Oberling, J., O’Brien, B. D., Oganesyan, G., Ogin, G. H., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Ohme, F., Ohta, H., Okada, M. A., Oliver, M., Olivetto, C., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O’Reilly, B., Ormiston, R. G., Ortega, L. F., O’Shaughnessy, R., Ossokine, S., Osthelder, C., Ottaway, D. J., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Pace, A. E., Pagano, G., Page, M. A., Pagliaroli, G., Pai, A., Pai, S. A., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Pan, H., Panda, P. K., Pang, P. T. H., Pankow, C., Pannarale, F., Pant, B. C., Paoletti, F., Paoli, A., Parida, A., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Passaquieti, R., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Payne, E., Pearlstone, B. L., Pechsiri, T. C., Pedersen, A. J., Pedraza, M., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perego, A., Perez, C. J., Périgois, C., Perreca, A., Perriès, S., Petermann, J., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Phukon, K. S., Piccinni, O. J., Pichot, M., Piendibene, M., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Piotrzkowski, K., Pirello, M., Pitkin, M., Plastino, W., Poggiani, R., Pong, D. Y. T., Ponrathnam, S., Popolizio, P., Porter, E. K., Powell, J., Prajapati, A. K., Prasai, K., Prasanna, R., Pratten, G., Prestegard, T., Principe, M., Prodi, G. A., Prokhorov, L., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Pürrer, M., Qi, H., Quetschke, V., Quinonez, P. J., Raab, F. 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P., Spera, M., Srivastava, A. K., Srivastava, V., Staats, K., Stachie, C., Standke, M., Steer, D. A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Stocks, D., Stops, D. J., Stover, M., Strain, K. A., Stratta, G., Strunk, A., Sturani, R., Stuver, A. L., Sudhagar, S., Sudhir, V., Summerscales, T. Z., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sur, A., Suresh, J., Sutton, P. J., Swinkels, B. L., Szczepańczyk, M. J., Tacca, M., Tait, S. C., Talbot, C., Tanasijczuk, A. J., Tanner, D. B., Tao, D., Tápai, M., Tapia, A., Martin, E. N. Tapia San, Tasson, J. D., Taylor, R., Tenorio, R., Terkowski, L., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Thompson, J. E., Thondapu, S. R., Thorne, K. A., Thrane, E., Tinsman, C. L., Saravanan, T. R., Tiwari, Shubhanshu, Tiwari, S., Tiwari, V., Toland, K., Tonelli, M., Tornasi, Z., Torres-Forné, A., Torrie, C. I., Tosta e Melo, I., Töyrä, D., Trail, E. A., Travasso, F., Traylor, G., Tringali, M. C., Tripathee, A., Trovato, A., Trudeau, R. J., Tsang, K. W., Tse, M., Tso, R., Tsukada, L., Tsuna, D., Tsutsui, T., Turconi, M., Ubhi, A. S., Ueno, K., Ugolini, D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Utina, A. C., Vahlbruch, H., Vajente, G., Valdes, G., Valentini, M., Vallisneri, M., van Bakel, N., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Van Den Broeck, C., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., Van Heijningen, J. V., van Veggel, A. A., Vardaro, M., Varma, V., Vass, S., Vasúth, M., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Venkateswara, K., Venugopalan, G., Verkindt, D., Veske, D., Vetrano, F., Viceré, A., Viets, A. D., Vinciguerra, S., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vivanco, Francisco Hernandez, Vo, T., Vocca, H., Vorvick, C., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Walet, R., Walker, M., Wallace, G. S., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Wang, J. Z., Wang, S., Wang, W. H., Wang, Y. F., Ward, R. L., Warden, Z. A., Warner, J., Was, M., Watchi, J., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Weinert, M., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Wellmann, F., Wen, L., Weßels, P., Westhouse, J. W., Wette, K., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Whittle, C., Wilken, D. M., Williams, D., Williams, R. D., Williamson, A. R., Willis, J. L., Willke, B., Winkler, W., Wipf, C. C., Wittel, H., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Wofford, J. K., Wong, C., Wright, J. L., Wu, D. S., Wysocki, D. M., Xiao, L., Yamamoto, H., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Yang, Z., Yap, M. J., Yazback, M., Yeeles, D. W., Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Yuen, S. H. R., Zadrożny, A. K., Zadrożny, A., Zanolin, M., Zelenova, T., Zendri, J. -P., Zevin, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, T., Zhao, C., Zhao, G., Zhou, M., Zhou, Z., Zhu, X. J., Zimmerman, A. B., Zucker, M. E., Zweizig, J., Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Nationale Supérieure des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie (ENSSAT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire (IMT Atlantique), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Abbott, R, Abbott, T, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adhikari, R, Adya, V, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, O, Aich, A, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Altin, P, Amato, A, Anand, S, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, S, Anderson, W, Angelova, S, Ansoldi, S, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Araya, M, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Arnaud, N, Aronson, S, Arun, K, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aston, S, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, M, Bae, S, Baer, A, Baird, J, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, S, Bals, A, Balsamo, A, Baltus, G, Banagiri, S, Bankar, D, Bankar, R, Barayoga, J, Barbieri, C, Barish, B, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barneo, P, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, J, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bell, A, Beniwal, D, Benjamin, M, Bentley, J, Bergamin, F, Berger, B, Bergmann, G, Bernuzzi, S, Berry, C, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Bhandare, R, Bhandari, A, Bidler, J, Biggs, E, Bilenko, I, Billingsley, G, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Bischi, M, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Bissenbayeva, G, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, M, Blackburn, J, Blackman, J, Blair, C, Blair, D, Blair, R, Bobba, F, Bode, N, Boer, M, Boetzel, Y, Bogaert, G, Bondu, F, Bonilla, E, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, B, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, S, Bossilkov, V, Bosveld, J, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, P, Bramley, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, J, Breschi, M, Briant, T, Briggs, J, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brockill, P, Brooks, A, Brooks, J, Brown, D, Brunett, S, Bruno, G, Bruntz, R, Buikema, A, Bulik, T, Bulten, H, Buonanno, A, Buskulic, D, Byer, R, Cabero, M, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, J, Callaghan, J, Callister, T, Calloni, E, Camp, J, Canepa, M, Cannon, K, Cao, H, Cao, J, Carapella, G, Carbognani, F, Caride, S, Carney, M, Carullo, G, Diaz, J, Casentini, C, Castaneda, J, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, O, Chakravarti, K, Chan, C, Chan, M, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, E, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Chen, H, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cheng, H, Cheong, C, Chia, H, Chiadini, F, Chierici, R, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H, Cho, M, Christensen, N, Chu, Q, Chua, S, Chung, K, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Ciecielag, P, Cieslar, M, Ciobanu, A, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, J, Clearwater, P, Clesse, S, Cleva, F, Coccia, E, Cohadon, P, Cohen, D, Colleoni, M, Collette, C, Collins, C, Colpi, M, Constancio, M, Conti, L, Cooper, S, Corban, P, Corbitt, T, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corezzi, S, Corley, K, Cornish, N, Corre, D, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, C, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, M, Coughlin, S, Coulon, J, Countryman, S, Couvares, P, Covas, P, Coward, D, Cowart, M, Coyne, D, Coyne, R, Creighton, J, Creighton, T, Cripe, J, Croquette, M, Crowder, S, Cudell, J, Cullen, T, Cumming, A, Cummings, R, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Curylo, M, Canton, T, Dalya, G, Dana, A, Daneshgaran-Bajastani, L, D'Angelo, B, Danilishin, S, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Darsow-Fromm, C, Dasgupta, A, Datrier, L, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davies, G, Davis, D, Daw, E, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Delfavero, M, De Lillo, N, Del Pozzo, W, Demarchi, L, D'Emilio, V, Demos, N, Dent, T, De Pietri, R, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, de Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, M, Diaz-Ortiz, M, Dietrich, T, Di Fiore, L, Di Fronzo, C, Di Giorgio, C, Di Giovanni, F, Di Giovanni, M, Di Girolamo, T, Di Lieto, A, Ding, B, Di Pace, S, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Divakarla, A, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Donovan, F, Dooley, K, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Downes, T, Drago, M, Driggers, J, Du, Z, Ducoin, J, Dupej, P, Durante, O, D'Urso, D, Dwyer, S, Easter, P, Eddolls, G, Edelman, B, Edo, T, Edy, O, Effler, A, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, R, Ejlli, A, Errico, L, Essick, R, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Z, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, T, Ewing, B, Fafone, V, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, W, Fauchon-Jones, E, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Feicht, J, Fejer, M, Feng, F, Fenyvesi, E, Ferguson, D, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, E, Ferreira, T, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, R, Fittipaldi, R, Fitz-Axen, M, Fiumara, V, Flaminio, R, Floden, E, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, J, Forsyth, P, Fournier, J, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, V, Fronze, G, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, H, Gadre, B, Gaebel, S, Gair, J, Galaudage, S, Ganapathy, D, Gaonkar, S, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gayathri, V, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, J, Giardina, K, Gibson, D, Gier, C, Gill, K, Glanzer, J, Gniesmer, J, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Gohlke, N, Goncharov, B, Gonzalez, G, Gopakumar, A, Gossan, S, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grace, B, Grado, A, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, A, Green, R, Gretarsson, E, Griggs, H, Grignani, G, Grimaldi, A, Grimm, S, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, G, Guimaraes, A, Guixe, G, Gulati, H, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, P, Gustafson, E, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Halim, O, Hall, E, Hamilton, E, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, M, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, M, Hannuksela, O, Hansen, T, Hanson, J, Harder, T, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, G, Harry, I, Hasskew, R, Haster, C, Haughian, K, Hayes, F, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, M, Heinze, J, Heitmann, H, Hellman, F, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennes, E, Hennig, J, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Hinderer, T, Hoback, S, Hochheim, S, Hofgard, E, Hofman, D, Holgado, A, Holland, N, Holt, K, Holz, D, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, E, Hoy, C, Huang, Y, Hubner, M, Huerta, E, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hui, V, Husa, S, Huttner, S, Huxford, R, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Inchauspe, H, Ingram, C, Intini, G, Isac, J, Isi, M, Iyer, B, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, S, James, A, Jani, K, Janthalur, N, Jaranowski, P, Jariwala, D, Jaume, R, Jenkins, A, Jiang, J, Johns, G, Jones, A, Jones, D, Jones, J, Jones, P, Jones, R, Jonker, R, Ju, L, Junker, J, Kalaghatgi, C, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, G, Kanner, J, Kapadia, S, Karki, S, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Kastaun, W, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Keivani, A, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khadka, S, Khalili, F, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khan, Z, Khazanov, E, Khetan, N, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, G, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Y, Kimball, C, King, P, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kleybolte, L, Klimenko, S, Knowles, T, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, S, Koekoek, G, Koley, S, Kondrashov, V, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, W, Kovalam, M, Kozak, D, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Krolak, A, Krupinski, N, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kuo, L, Kutynia, A, Lackey, B, Laghi, D, Lalande, E, Lam, T, Lamberts, A, Landry, M, Lane, B, Lang, R, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, R, La Rosa, I, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, P, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Y, Lee, C, Lee, H, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lehmann, J, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, A, Li, J, Li, K, Li, T, Li, X, Linde, F, Linker, S, Linley, J, Littenberg, T, Liu, J, Liu, X, Llorens-Monteagudo, M, Lo, R, Lockwood, A, London, L, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, J, Lousto, C, Lovelace, G, Luck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, A, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, D, Macmillan, I, Macquet, A, Hernandez, I, Magana-Sandoval, F, Magee, R, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, G, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Mapelli, M, Marchesoni, F, Marion, F, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, I, Martin, R, Martinez, V, Martynov, D, Masalehdan, H, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, T, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Mavalvala, N, Maynard, E, Mccann, J, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, D, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, S, Mcisaac, C, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, D, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, S, Meacher, D, Meadors, G, Mehmet, M, Mehta, A, Villa, E, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, R, Mereni, L, Merfeld, K, Merilh, E, Merritt, J, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, P, Meylahn, F, Mhaske, A, Miani, A, Miao, H, Michaloliakos, I, Michel, C, Middleton, H, Milano, L, Miller, A, Millhouse, M, Mills, J, Milotti, E, Milovich-Goff, M, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, V, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Mo, G, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, S, Mohite, S, Molina-Ruiz, M, Mondin, M, Montani, M, Moore, C, Moraru, D, Morawski, F, Moreno, G, Morisaki, S, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, C, Mozzon, S, Muciaccia, F, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, E, Murray, P, Nagar, A, Nardecchia, I, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, R, Neil, B, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, T, Nery, M, Neunzert, A, Ng, K, Ng, S, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, P, Nichols, D, Nichols, S, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, Noh, M, North, C, Nothard, D, Nuttall, L, Oberling, J, O'Brien, B, Oganesyan, G, Ogin, G, Oh, J, Oh, S, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, M, Oliver, M, Olivetto, C, Oppermann, P, Oram, R, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, R, Ortega, L, O'Shaughnessy, R, Ossokine, S, Osthelder, C, Ottaway, D, Overmier, H, Owen, B, Pace, A, Pagano, G, Page, M, Pagliaroli, G, Pai, A, Pai, S, Palamos, J, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pan, H, Panda, P, Pang, P, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, B, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Parida, A, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patricelli, B, Payne, E, Pearlstone, B, Pechsiri, T, Pedersen, A, Pedraza, M, Pele, A, Penn, S, Perego, A, Perez, C, Perigois, C, Perreca, A, Perries, S, Petermann, J, Pfeiffer, H, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, O, Pichot, M, Piendibene, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pierro, V, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pinto, I, Piotrzkowski, K, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Plastino, W, Poggiani, R, Pong, D, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, E, Powell, J, Prajapati, A, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Principe, M, Prodi, G, Prokhorov, L, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Purrer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, P, Raab, F, Raaijmakers, G, Radkins, H, Radulesco, N, Raffai, P, Rafferty, H, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, K, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, D, Rettegno, P, Ricci, F, Richardson, C, Richardson, J, Ricker, P, Riemenschneider, G, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, N, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rodriguez-Soto, R, Rolland, L, Rollins, J, Roma, V, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, C, Romero-Shaw, I, Romie, J, Rose, C, Rose, D, Rose, K, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, S, Ross, M, Rowan, S, Rowlinson, S, Roy, P, Roy, S, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sakellariadou, M, Salafia, O, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, L, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sanders, J, Santiago, K, Santos, E, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, B, Sauter, O, Savage, R, Savant, V, Sawant, D, Sayah, S, Schaetzl, D, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, R, Schonbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, B, Schutz, B, Schwarm, O, Schwartz, E, Scott, J, Scott, S, Seidel, E, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, D, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Sharma, A, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shikauchi, M, Shink, R, Shoemaker, D, Shukla, K, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Singer, L, Singh, D, Singh, N, Singha, A, Singhal, A, Sintes, A, Sipala, V, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, B, Slaven-Blair, T, Smetana, J, Smith, J, Smith, R, Somala, S, Son, E, Soni, S, Sorazu, B, Sordini, V, Sorrentino, F, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spencer, A, Spera, M, Srivastava, A, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Standke, M, Steer, D, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stocks, D, Stops, D, Stover, M, Strain, K, Stratta, G, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, A, Sudhagar, S, Sudhir, V, Summerscales, T, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Sur, A, Suresh, J, Sutton, P, Swinkels, B, Szczepanczyk, M, Tacca, M, Tait, S, Talbot, C, Tanasijczuk, A, Tanner, D, Tao, D, Tapai, M, Tapia, A, Martin, E, Tasson, J, Taylor, R, Tenorio, R, Terkowski, L, Thirugnanasambandam, M, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thompson, J, Thondapu, S, Thorne, K, Thrane, E, Tinsman, C, Saravanan, T, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, C, Tosta e Melo, I, Toyra, D, Trail, E, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, M, Tripathee, A, Trovato, A, Trudeau, R, Tsang, K, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsutsui, T, Turconi, M, Ubhi, A, Ueno, K, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Urban, A, Usman, S, Utina, A, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, Valentini, M, Vallisneri, M, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, J, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, D, van der Schaaf, L, Van Heijningen, J, van Veggel, A, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, P, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Veske, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, A, Vinciguerra, S, Vine, D, Vinet, J, Vitale, S, Vivanco, F, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, S, Wade, A, Wade, L, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, G, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, J, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, Y, Ward, R, Warden, Z, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, L, Weinert, M, Weinstein, A, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessels, P, Westhouse, J, Wette, K, Whelan, J, Whiting, B, Whittle, C, Wilken, D, Williams, D, Williams, R, Williamson, A, Willis, J, Willke, B, Winkler, W, Wipf, C, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, J, Wong, C, Wright, J, Wu, D, Wysocki, D, Xiao, L, Yamamoto, H, Yang, L, Yang, Y, Yang, Z, Yap, M, Yazback, M, Yeeles, D, Yu, H, Yuen, S, Zadrozny, A, Zanolin, M, Zelenova, T, Zendri, J, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, G, Zhou, M, Zhou, Z, Zhu, X, Zimmerman, A, Zucker, M, Zweizig, J, IoP (FNWI), Faculty of Science, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, Arene, M., Becsy, B., Bustillo, J. C., Diaz, J. C., Castaneda, J., Cavaglia, M., Cerda-Duran, P., Cieslar, M., Cordero-Carrion, I., Canton, T. D., Dalya, G., D'Angelo, B., D'Antonio, S., Deleglise, S., D'Emilio, V., Diaz, M. C., D'Urso, D., Fronze, G., Garcia-Quiros, C., Ghosh, A., Gonzalez, G., Guixe, G., Hubner, M. T., Isac, J. -M., Kefelian, F., Kim, C., Krolak, A., Kumar, R., Luck, H., Hernandez, I. M., Magana-Sandoval, F., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Villa, E. M., Mukherjee, A., Muniz, E. A., O'Brien, B. D., Oram, R. J., O'Reilly, B., O'Shaughnessy, R., Perigois, C., Perries, S., Pinto, I., Purrer, M., Rana, J., Rosinska, D., Roy, S., Schonbeck, A., Szczepanczyk, M. J., Tapai, M., Martin, E. N. T. S., Torres-Forne, A., Toyra, D., Vasuth, M., Vicere, A., Vivanco, F. H., Wessels, P., Yu, H., Zadrozny, A. K., and Zadrozny, A.

Subjects
Technology, Gravitational Waves, Open Data, O1, O2, LIGO, Virgo, Astronomy, Strain measurement, Gravitational Wave, open data, Data representation and management, Gravitational Waves, GWOSC, Scientific databases, gravitational waves, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, Software, Documentation, DESIGN, Open Data, Computer software, Data products, LIGO, QC, 12-AXIS VIBRATION ISOLATION, media_common, Settore FIS/01, 0303 health sciences, Gravitational effects, BINARY MERGERS, Computer Science Applications, Open data, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Open science, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, data analysis method, gr-qc, media_common.quotation_subject, Real-time computing, FOS: Physical sciences, O2, PUBLIC ADVANCED LIGO, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Gravity waves, programming, O1, 03 medical and health sciences, QA76.75-76.765, Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, GWOSC, Scientific databases, Data representation and management, Gravitational Waves, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE CATALOG, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, Astrophysique, 030304 developmental biology, Science & Technology, business.industry, Gravitational wave, Virgo, gravitational radiation, RCUK, Strain data, Data-quality information, Computer Science, Software Engineering, gravitational radiation detector, detector: sensitivity, Scientific database, monitoring, VIRGO, Sky, gravitational radiation: emission, Computer Science, ddc:004, business, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Abbot, Rich, et al. (Virgo and MAGIC Collaboration), Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo are monitoring the sky and collecting gravitational-wave strain data with sufficient sensitivity to detect signals routinely. In this paper we describe the data recorded by these instruments during their first and second observing runs. The main data products are gravitational-wave strain time series sampled at 16384 Hz. The datasets that include this strain measurement can be freely accessed through the Gravitational Wave Open Science Center at http://gw-openscience.org, together with data-quality information essential for the analysis of LIGO and Virgo data, documentation, tutorials, and supporting software., The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the United States National Science Foundation (NSF) for the construction and operation of the LIGO Laboratory and Advanced LIGO as well as the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) of the United Kingdom, the Max-Planck-Society (MPS), and the State of Niedersachsen/Germany for support of the construction of Advanced LIGO and construction and operation of the GEO600 detector. Additional support for Advanced LIGO was provided by the Australian Research Council. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Italian Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), the French Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter supported by the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, for the construction and operation of the Virgo detector and the creation and support of the EGO consortium. The authors also gratefully acknowledge research support from these agencies as well as by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research of India, the Department of Science and Technology, India, the Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), India, the Ministry of Human Resource Development, India, the Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación, the Vicepresidència i Conselleria d’Innovació, Recerca i Turisme and the Conselleria d’Educació i Universitat del Govern de les Illes Balears, the Conselleria d’Educació, Investigació, Cultura i Esport de la Generalitat Valenciana, the National Science Centre of Poland, the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, the Russian Science Foundation, the European Commission, the European Regional Development Funds (ERDF), the Royal Society, the Scottish Funding Council, the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance, the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA), the Lyon Institute of Origins (LIO), the Paris Île-de-France Region, the National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungary (NKFIH), the National Research Foundation of Korea, Industry Canada and the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation, the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council Canada, the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations, and Communications, the International Center for Theoretical Physics South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR), the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), the Leverhulme Trust, the Research Corporation, the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan and the Kavli Foundation. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF, STFC, INFN and CNRS for provision of computational resources.

Published
2021

12. Flagellar energetics from high-resolution imaging of beating patterns in tethered mouse sperm

Author

Julio Soria, Ranganathan Prabhakar, Moira K O'Bryan, Reza Nosrati, Ashwin Nandagiri, David L. Potter, Avinash Gaikwad, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Axoneme, Male, Mouse, QH301-705.5, Science, Dynein, Kinematics, Flagellum, Physics of Living Systems, 01 natural sciences, sperm, Kirchhoff rod, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, image analysis, 0103 physical sciences, Animals, Biology (General), 010306 general physics, axoneme, Mechanical energy, 030304 developmental biology, Physics, Mice, Knockout, energetics, 0303 health sciences, dynein, General Immunology and Microbiology, General Neuroscience, Cilium, Energetics, Dyneins, General Medicine, Cell Biology, Dissipation, Sperm, Spermatozoa, Biomechanical Phenomena, 030104 developmental biology, Flagella, hydrodynamics, Biophysics, Medicine, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Research Article
Abstract

While much is known about the microstructure of sperm flagella, the mechanisms behind the generation of flagellar beating patterns by the axoneme are still not fully understood. We demonstrate a technique for investigating the energetics of flagella or cilia. We record the planar beating of tethered wildtype andCrisp2-knockout mouse sperm at high-speed and high-resolution and extract centerlines using digital image processing techniques. We accurately reconstruct beating waveforms using a Chebyshev-polynomial based Proper Orthogonal Decomposition of the centerline tangent-angle profiles. External hydrodynamic forces and the internal resistance from the passive flagellar material are calculated from the observed kinematics of the beating patterns using a Soft, Internally-Driven Kirchhoff-Rod (SIDKR) model. Energy conservation is employed to further compute the flagellar energetics. We thus obtain the distribution of mechanical power exerted by the dynein motors without any further assumptions about mechanisms regulating axonemal function. We find that, in both the mouse genotypes studied, a large proportion of the mechanical power exerted by the dynein motors is dissipated internally, within the passive structures of the flagellum and by the motors themselves. This internal dissipation is considerably greater than the hydrodynamic dissipation in the aqueous medium outside. The net power input from the dynein motors in sperm fromCrisp2-knockout mice is significantly smaller than in corresponding wildtype samples. The reduced power is correlated with slower beating and smaller amplitudes. These measurements of flagellar energetics indicate that the ion-channel regulating cysteine-rich secretory proteins (CRISPs) may also be involved in regulating mammalian sperm motility.

Published
2020

13. Design and optimization of microfluidic device for generating robust uniform concentration gradients

Author

Sameer Jadhav and K Deekshith

Subjects
STIMULATION, 0301 basic medicine, Work (thermodynamics), Materials science, MIGRATION, General Chemical Engineering, Microfluidics, Flow (psychology), Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Computation Fluid Dynamics, 02 engineering and technology, STREAMS, Computational fluid dynamics, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, business.industry, Chemotaxis, Process Chemistry and Technology, PLATFORM, General Chemistry, Mechanics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Inlet, Volumetric flow rate, Chemical species, 030104 developmental biology, CELL CHEMOTAXIS, 0210 nano-technology, business, Concentration gradient, 3D
Abstract

Increasing interest in chemotaxis or cell migration in the presence of concentration gradient of certain chemical species has motivated the need for generating stable uniform concentration gradients in fluid systems. To this end, microfluidic devices have been used for studying chemotaxis over the last two decades. However, challenges in generating stable concentration gradients persist since small fluctuations in pressure or flow rates can destabilize the concentration gradient which may take considerable time to re-establish. In the present work, we propose a novel microfluidic device and optimize several design parameters using computational fluid dynamics simulations to obtain robust uniform chemical gradients. We modified a microfluidic device with a standard Y-shaped ladder design, which originally comprised of one outlet and two inlet streams, by introducing an optimized contact zone for inlet streams and a secondary outlet from this contact zone. Our simulations show that such a device can withstand flow differences as high as 50% between the inlet streams without adversely affecting the concentration gradient generated under ideal conditions (equal flow rate at the inlets).

Published
2018

14. Molecular types and antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy cows and farm environments

Author

Urmila Jagtap, Sameer Jadhav, Sujata Bhave, Dushyant Muglikar, Rahul P. Kolhe, Smita Kolhe, Saba Nalband, Padmakar Deshpande, Chandrakant Dhandore, and Dattatray Gandhale

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Fen, Antibiotic resistance, General Veterinary, Staphylococcus aureus, Science, 030106 microbiology, Bovine mastitis,Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins,antimicrobial resistance, medicine, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology
Abstract

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in cows with subclinical mastitis and detect enterotoxin genes and patterns of antimicrobial resistance. Out of 180 animals, subclinical mastitis was detected in 78 cows (46.99%) and three buffalo (21.43%). The prevalence of clinical mastitis was low (3.61%). S. aureus could be isolated from mastitic milk (67/81), udder swabs (38/81), floor swabs (13/27), milking machine liner (5/8), and healthy animals- milk (12/22). All the strains were confirmed by PCR targeting amplification of the femA gene. Out of 52 PCR-confirmed S. aureus samples, 17 were enterotoxin-producing strains. The pattern of enterotoxin production was revealed as: seb (1.92%), sec (21.15%), sed (7.69%), and see (1.92%). The pattern of superantigens and methicillin resistance was revealed as: etb (1.92%), tst1 (25%), and mecA (3.85%). Combination of sec and tst1 and the rare distribution of sea, seb, and sed was observed. S. aureus isolates were sensitive to netilmicin (85.88%), amikacin (80%), tobramycin (76.47%), and gentamicin (68.24%) and resistant to penicillin (91.76%), oxacillin (71.76%), and kanamycin (63.53%). Antimicrobial resistant genes blaZ, ermB, and tetK were also detected in the isolates. This study provides a baseline for monitoring antimicrobial resistance in S. aureus strains associated with bovine mastitis in India.

Published
2017

15. Oral manifestations among COVID-19: An observational study of 713 patients

Author

Monali R Nikalje, Tulsi Subramaniam, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Glossitis, business.industry, glossitis, Outbreak, RK1-715, herpes simplex, Angular cheilitis, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Dermatology, candidiasis, oral ulcer, Geographic tongue, covid-19, Dentistry, aphthous ulcer, Medicine, Observational study, Original Article, business, General Dentistry, Coronavirus
Abstract

Background: COVID‑19 outbreak in 2019 took the entire world by a storm with the medical fraternity struggling to understand and comprehend its complex nature. A number of patients who are COVID positive have reported oral lesions. However, there is still a lingering question, whether these lesions are because of coronavirus infection or they are secondary to the patient’s systemic condition. This article aims to report the oral findings of an observational study of 713 patients diagnosed with COVID‑19. Materials and Methods: A singlssswe‑institution, short‑term observational study was conducted on patients admitted to Symbiosis University Hospital and Research Centre, Lavale, Pune who were positive to coronavirus, who presented varied oral findings such as herpes simplex, candidiasis, geographic tongue, and aphthous ulcer. Results: A total of 713 patients, 416 males and 297 females, who were positive to coronavirus, were screened from April 2020 to June 30, 2020, for oral ulcers. In this group, nine patients reported oral discomfort due to varied forms of oral lesions ranging from herpes simplex ulcers to angular cheilitis (1.26%). Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that oral manifestations in patients diagnosed with COVID‑19 could be secondary lesions resulting from local irritants or from the deterioration of systemic health or could be just coexisting conditions. No specific pattern or characteristic oral lesions were noted in a study of 713 COVID‑positive patients in our study to qualify these lesions as oral manifestations of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection. Key Words: Candidiasis, COVID‑19, glossitis, herpes simplex, oral ulcer

Published
2021

16. Three-dimensional scaffold of gelatin–poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) for regenerative medicine: Proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells

Author

Sachin H Jadhav, Kishore M. Paknikar, Jayesh R. Bellare, Jyoti V. Kumbhar, Sameer Jadhav, Hemlata Chhabra, and Jyutika M. Rajwade

Subjects
Expansion, 0301 basic medicine, food.ingredient, Polymers and Plastics, Cell, Bioengineering, 02 engineering and technology, Methyl vinyl ether, Gelatin, Regenerative medicine, Vitro, Niches, Biomaterials, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, In Vivo Biocompatibility, food, Tissue engineering, Umbilical-Cord Blood, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Three dimensional scaffolds, Tissue, Matrix, Multilineage Differentiation, Protein, Mesenchymal stem cell, Maleic anhydride, Hydrogels, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Poly(Methyl Vinyl Ether-Alt-Maleic Anhydride), 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Biophysics, Therapy, 0210 nano-technology, In-Vivo Biocompatibility
Abstract

Cell-based tissue engineering offers great promise to regenerative therapy, but so far it has been restricted due to insufficient number of cells obtained from donors and the lack of efficient ways of delivering them to target sites. This study shows, for the first time, the ability of a composite scaffold of gelatin and poly(methyl vinyl ether- alt-maleic anhydride) (GP-2) as a niche for expansion and multilineage differentiation ability of human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells. First, the in vivo biocompatibility of scaffolds was checked by subcutaneous implantation of scaffolds in male Wistar rats for up to 45 days. Hematological parameters and histology of skin near implanted region rule out the probability of any adverse effects due to the scaffolds. The isolated human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on to pre-optimized scaffolds and induced to differentiate into osteogenic and adipogenic lineages by culturing in respective induction media. The human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells were found to be viable and proliferated well on scaffolds when assessed with live/dead and PicoGreen assay. The biochemical assays such as alkaline phosphatase activity and triglycerides estimation confirmed the differentiation of cells toward particular lineages when cultured on scaffolds with appropriate inductive media. The study exhibited the proficiency of scaffold GP-2 for mesenchymal stem cells’ adherence, proliferation, and differentiation and also showed its engraftment efficiency. Taken together, our study establishes the in vivo biocompatibility of composite scaffold and, importantly, indicates its potential for stem cell–based therapy.

Published
2016

17. Mechanical and transport properties of chitosan-zwitterionic phospholipid vesicles

Author

Honey Priya James and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Surface Properties, Lipid Bilayers, Phospholipid, macromolecular substances, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Permeability, Chitosan, chemistry.chemical_compound, Drug Delivery Systems, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Particle Size, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Lipid bilayer, Phospholipids, Unilamellar Liposomes, Liposome, 010304 chemical physics, Chemistry, Vesicle, Bilayer, technology, industry, and agriculture, Water, Biological membrane, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Medicine, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Drug delivery, Biophysics, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Stress, Mechanical, 0210 nano-technology, Biotechnology
Abstract

Chitosan is a polysaccharide that has shown promise in liposomal drug delivery because of certain desirable properties such as muco-adhesivity, biodegradability and low toxicity. In this study, chitosan-bearing 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine giant unilamellar vesicles were prepared using inverse phase precursor method to measure their mechanical and transport properties. We show that while an increase in chitosan: lipid molar ratio in the vesicle bilayer at pH 7 led to a substantial increase in its bending modulus, chitosan-mediated change in bending modulus was diminished at pH 4.5. Water permeability across the vesicle bilayer, as well as phospholipid diffusivity within supported lipid bilayers, were also found to decrease with increasing chitosan: lipid molar ratio. Together, these findings demonstrate that incorporation of chitosan in phospholipid bilayers modulates the mechanical and transport properties of liposomes which may affect their in vivo circulation time and drug release rate.

Published
2020

18. Matrix elasticity regulates mesenchymal stem cell chemotaxis

Author

Pankaj Mogha, Shamik Sen, Neha Saxena, Abhijit Majumder, Sameer Jadhav, and Silalipi Dash

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Chemokine, MIGRATION, BONE-MARROW, Microfluidics, ADHESION DYNAMICS, macromolecular substances, 03 medical and health sciences, Epidermal growth factor, MOTILITY, Cell Adhesion, Humans, Dimethylpolysiloxanes, Cells, Cultured, Cell Proliferation, biology, Epidermal Growth Factor, Chemotaxis, Mesenchymal stem cell, FOCAL ADHESIONS, Cell Differentiation, STIFFNESS, RIGIDITY, Cell Biology, equipment and supplies, Actins, Elasticity, Crosstalk (biology), 030104 developmental biology, Cellular Microenvironment, PROGENITOR CELLS, STROMAL CELLS, biology.protein, Biophysics, Mesenchymal stem cells, Protein Multimerization, EPIDERMAL-GROWTH-FACTOR, Actin depolymerization, Homing (hematopoietic)
Abstract

Efficient homing of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is likely to be dictated by a combination of physical and chemical factors present in the microenvironment. However, crosstalk between the physical and chemical cues remains incompletely understood. Here, we address this question by probing the efficiency of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced hMSC chemotaxis on substrates of varying stiffness (3, 30 and 600 kPa) inside a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic device. Chemotactic speed was found to be the sum of a stiffness-dependent component and a chemokine concentration-dependent component. While the stiffness-dependent component scaled inversely with stiffness, the chemotactic component was independent of stiffness. Faster chemotaxis on the softest 3 kPa substrates is attributed to a combination of weaker adhesions and higher protrusion rate. While chemotaxis was mildly sensitive to contractility inhibitors, suppression of chemotaxis upon actin depolymerization demonstrates the role of actin-mediated protrusions in driving chemotaxis. In addition to highlighting the collective influence of physical and chemical cues in chemotactic migration, our results suggest that hMSC homing is more efficient on softer substrates.

Published
2018

19. Linear stability of an active fluid interface

Author

Ranganathan Prabhakar, Sameer Jadhav, and Amarender Nagilla

Subjects
Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, Physics, Mechanical Engineering, Computational Mechanics, FOS: Physical sciences, Pattern formation, Radius, Mechanics, Deformation (meteorology), Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter Physics, MEMBRANES, 01 natural sciences, Instability, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Surface tension, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Viscosity, Mechanics of Materials, 0103 physical sciences, HELE-SHAW CELL, Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft), 010306 general physics, Dimensionless quantity, Linear stability
Abstract

Motivated by studies suggesting that the patterns exhibited by the collectively expanding fronts of thin cells during the closing of a wound [S. Mark et al., "Physical model of the dynamic instability in an expanding cell culture," Biophys. J. 98(3), 361-370 (2010)] and the shapes of single cells crawling on surfaces [A. C. Callan-Jones et al., "Viscous-fingering-like instability of cell fragments," Phys. Rev. Lett. 100(25), 258106 (2008)] are due to fingering instabilities, we investigate the stability of actively driven interfaces under the Hele-Shaw confinement. An initially radial interface between a pair of viscous fluids is driven by active agents. Surface tension and bending rigidity resist the deformation of the interface. A point source at the origin and a distributed source are also included to model the effects of injection or suction and growth or depletion, respectively. Linear stability analysis reveals that for any given initial radius of the interface, there are two key dimensionless driving rates that determine interfacial stability. We discuss stability regimes in a state space of these parameters and their implications for biological systems. An interesting finding is that an actively mobile interface is susceptible to the fingering instability irrespective of viscosity contrast. Published by AIP Publishing.

Published
2018

20. Four-to-one coarse-grained polarisable water model for dissipative particle dynamics

Author

Rakesh Vaiwala, Rochish Thaokar, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
General Chemical Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Dielectric, MEMBRANE ELECTROPORATION, 01 natural sciences, dissipative particle dynamics, SYSTEMS, Electric field, 0103 physical sciences, Water model, Mathematics::Metric Geometry, General Materials Science, SURFACTANTS, Physics, 010304 chemical physics, Dissipative particle dynamics, Coarse-grained water, General Chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, Electrostatics, Chemical physics, Solvent models, MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS, Modeling and Simulation, dielectric constant, MESOSCOPIC SIMULATION, Polar, ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTIONS, 0210 nano-technology, Information Systems
Abstract

An accurate description of long-ranged electrostatics in molecular simulations necessitates the solvent models that respond in accordance with the local electric fields. Given this fact, many polarisable versions of water models exist for molecular dynamics simulations. However, there is only one model of water which is polarisable available for dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations, and it is based on three-to-one coarse-graining scheme. The recent coarse-grained models of lipids meant for biomembrane studies using DPD are MARTINI-like models and have level of coarse-graining four-to-one. So a polarisable model of water needed to study the biological processes in conjunction with these lipid models should also be of the same degree of coarse-graining. Therefore, we present a DPD model of polarisable water with degree of coarse-graining four-to-one. By reflecting the positions of two Drude oscillators, the model responds to local electric fields, setting up induced polarisation locally. The model parameters are to reproduce the relative dielectric permittivity and compressibility of water at room temperature. The validity and applicability of the water model have been ascertained through in-silico evidences presented.

Published
2018

21. Fluorescent probes for the detection of cyanide ions in aqueous medium: cellular uptake and assay for β-glucosidase and hydroxynitrile lyase

Author

Arindam Chowdhury, Dharmendar Kumar Sharma, Hridesh Agarwalla, Amitava Das, Santanu Kumar Basu, Sameer Jadhav, and Monalisa Gangopadhyay

Subjects
Bioimaging Application, Cyanide, Inorganic chemistry, Anion, Biomedical Engineering, Photochemistry, Hydrogen-Bonds, Endogenous Cyanide, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fluorescence microscope, General Materials Science, Cyanohydrin, Sensor, Detection limit, Hydroxynitrile lyase, Aqueous solution, Chemistry, High Selectivity, Water, General Chemistry, General Medicine, Fluorescence, Turn-On Detection, Ratiometric Detection, Reagent, Rapid Detection
Abstract

A chemodosimteric reagent (1) for the efficient detection of cyanide species (CN- and/or HCN) in aq. medium as well as under physiological conditions has been described. Selective reaction of the cyanide species with this reagent in the presence of all common interfering anions, amino acids and glutathione (GSH) led to the generation of the corresponding cyanohydrin derivative. The formation of the cyanohydrin derivative of the probe is associated with a visually detectable change in solution fluorescence in aq. buffer medium with 1.9 mu M NaCN, the threshold limit set by WHO for the safe drinking water and this makes this fluorogenic sensor an ideal candidate for in-field applications. An apparent switch on the luminescence response, ultralow detection limit, low response time, cell membrane permeability and insignificant toxicity are key features of a probe molecule, which gives it a distinct edge over previously reported chemodosimetric reagents for the detection of cyanide species (CN- or HCN) in an aqueous environment. This methodology could be used for developing a generalized and efficient fluorescence-based assay for crucial enzymes like beta-glucosidase and hydroxynitrile lyase. Furthermore, spectrally-resolved fluorescence microscopy measurements on single-cells revealed that this sensor molecule could also be used for imaging the cellular uptake of cyanide species from aq. solution contaminated with NaCN. Our results confirmed that statistical analysis of integrated intensity and transition energy obtained from the emission spectra collected over various microscopic sub-cellular regions can potentially be used to discriminate the effects of local cellular environments and that due to cyanide detection.

Published
2015

22. Electrostatic interactions in dissipative particle dynamics-Ewald-like formalism, error analysis, and pressure computation

Author

Rakesh Vaiwala, Rochish Thaokar, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Simulations, Brushes, Sums, General Physics and Astronomy, 02 engineering and technology, Summation, 01 natural sciences, Ewald summation, symbols.namesake, Surface-Tension, 0103 physical sciences, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Mesh Ewald, Physics, 010304 chemical physics, Electric potential energy, Dissipative particle dynamics, Systems, Charge density, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Electrostatics, P3M, Fourier transform, Classical mechanics, Formulation, symbols, Dissipative system, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

An accurate time evolution of charged species having exponentially smeared out charge density (Slater type charge distribution) in dissipative particle dynamic (DPD) simulations necessitates the optimal choice of the Ewald splitting parameter (alpha), charge smearing length (lambda), and real space cutoff (c) when the Ewald summation or its variant such as particle-particle particle-mesh or particle-mesh Ewald is employed for long range electrostatics. The present article offers the error estimates in the electrostatic energy and the force as a function of alpha and beta (1/lambda) on account of spherical truncation c in real space. These error estimate formulae are validated by our DPD simulation results. We also give here an Ewald-like derivation for electrostatic energy and force for the Slater type charge density. A quick estimate of the electrostatic pressure without the use of the tedious expression which involves three dimensional Fourier transforms is also presented, and its range of validity is discussed. The basis for the proposed formula for pressure is the fact that the minimum-image truncation in many cases allows one to compute the thermodynamic quantities with reasonable accuracy. Published by AIP Publishing.

Published
2017

23. Effect of lactate and pH on mouse pluripotent stem cells: Importance of media analysis

Author

Priyanka Gupta, Paul John Verma, Jayesh R. Bellare, Sameer Jadhav, and Kerry Hourigan

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, KOSR, Expansion, Cell type, Environmental Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, Bioengineering, Growth, Biology, Self-Renewal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Matrices, Induced pluripotent stem cell, Cell potency, Inhibition, Mouse Pluripotent Stem Cell, Cell growth, Ph, Systems, Embryonic stem cell, Conditioned Media, 2d Expansion, 030104 developmental biology, Metabolism, Biochemistry, Cell culture, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Differentiation, 3-Dimensional Culture, Lactate, Energy source, Biotechnology
Abstract

Pluripotent stem cells have generated a great deal of excitement concerning their use for clinical therapy and regenerative medicine. Similar to other mammalian cells, the growth of these cells is dependent on various culture conditions. The presence of lactic acid as a metabolic by-product has been reported to be detrimental for mammalian cells in most cases. However, the use of lactate as a source of energy has also been reported for certain cell types. The current study was carried out to examine the effect of media lactate concentration and extracellular pH change, two important parameters that occur due to lactic acid production, on mouse pluripotent stem cells, both embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. We examined both feeder dependent and feeder independent embryonic stem cell lines for a comprehensive observation. It was noted that increase or decrease in pH affected cell proliferation, viability and pluripotency of all three cell lines. The effect of lactate was less obvious. Supplementation with lactate decreased cell proliferation and cell number. However, from the data obtained, we hypothesize that the surviving cells were able to adapt to the change in environment and utilize lactate as an energy source. There was no significant effect of lactate on the pluripotency of the cells. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2017
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24. Gelatin–PMVE/MA composite scaffold promotes expansion of embryonic stem cells

Author

Jayesh R. Bellare, Sameer Jadhav, Priyanka Gupta, Paul J. Verma, and Hemlata Chhabra

Subjects
Pluripotency, Scaffold, Materials science, food.ingredient, Biocompatibility, Maintenance, Culture, Lewis X Antigen, Biocompatible Materials, Bioengineering, Nanotechnology, Co-Maleic Anhydride), Compatibility, Gelatin, Biomaterials, Mice, food, Tissue engineering, Embryonic Stem Cell, Cell Infiltration, Polymethyl Vinyl Ether-Alt-Maleic Anhydride, Animals, Humans, MTT assay, Bone, Cells, Cultured, Embryonic Stem Cells, Cell Proliferation, Tissue Scaffolds, Maleates, Hep G2 Cells, Adhesion, Embryonic stem cell, Surface, Hep G2, In-Vitro, Mechanics of Materials, Biophysics, Collagen, Polyethylenes, Tissue Engineering Applications, Octamer Transcription Factor-3, Porosity
Abstract

We introduce a new composite scaffold of gelatin and polymethyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride (PMVE/MA) for expansion of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in an in vitro environment. To optimize the scaffold, we prepared a gelatin scaffold (G) and three composite scaffolds namely GP-1, GP-2, and GP-3 with varying PMVE/MA concentrations (0.2-1%) and characterized them by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), swelling study, compression testing and FTIR. SEM micrographs revealed interconnected porous structure in all the scaffolds. The permissible hemolysis ratio and activation of platelets by scaffolds confirmed the hemocompatibility of scaffolds. Initial biocompatibility assessment of scaffolds was conducted using hepatocarcinoma (Hep G2) cells and adhesion, proliferation and infiltration of Hep G2 cells in depth of scaffolds were observed, proving the scaffold's biocompatibility. Further Oct4B2 mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), which harbor a green fluorescence protein transgene under regulatory control of the Oct4 promotor, were examined for expansion on scaffolds with MTT assay. The GP-2 scaffold demonstrated the best cell proliferation and was further explored for ESC adherence and infiltration in depth (SEM and confocal), and pluripotent state of mESCs was assessed with the expression of Oct4-GFP and stage-specific embryonic antigen-1 (SSEA-1). This study reports the first demonstration of biocompatibility of gelatin-PMVE/MA composite scaffold and presents this scaffold as a promising candidate for embryonic stem cell based tissue engineering. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2014

26. Sensing Hg(II) in Vitro and in Vivo Using a Benzimidazole Substituted BODIPY

Author

Mangalampalli Ravikanth, Dharmendar Kumar Sharma, Arindam Chowdhury, Santanu Kumar Basu, Sameer Jadhav, and Sheri Madhu

Subjects
Boron Compounds, Fluorescence-lifetime imaging microscopy, Benzimidazole, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Living Cells, Energy-Transfer, Quantum yield, Breast Neoplasms, Fluorophore, Photochemistry, Photoinduced electron transfer, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Emission, Inorganic Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell Line, Tumor, Mercury Ions, Humans, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Spectroscopy, Dyes, Fluorescent Dyes, Fluorescent Sensor, Chemistry, Optical Imaging, Chemosensor, Probe, Fluorescence, Mercuric Chloride, Benzimidazoles, Female, Turn-On, BODIPY
Abstract

A multisignaling Hg(II) sensor based on a benzimidazole substituted BODIPY framework was designed, which displays excellent selectively toward Hg(II) in vitro and in vivo. Optical and fluorogenic measurements in solution reveal that the sensor can detect mercury ions at submicromolar concentrations, with high specificity. The detection of Hg(II) is associated with a blue-shift in optical spectra and a simultaneous increase in the fluorescence quantum yield of the sensor, which is attributed to a decrease in charge delocalization and inhibition of photoinduced electron transfer upon binding to Hg(II). Using several spectroscopic measurements, it is shown that the binding mechanism involves two sensor molecules, where lone pairs of the benzimidazole nitrogen coordinate to a single mercury ion. The utility of this BODIPY sensor to detect Hg(II) in vivo was demonstrated by fluorescence imaging and spectroscopy of labeled human breast adenocarcinoma cells. While average emission intensity of the sensor over a large number of cells increases with incubated mercury concentrations, spatially resolved fluorescence spectroscopy performed on individual cells reveals clear spectral blue-shifts from a subensemble of sensors, corroborating the detection of Hg(II). Interestingly, the emission spectra at various submicrometer locations within cells exhibited considerable inhomogeneity in the extent of blue-shift, which demonstrates the potential of this sensor to monitor the local (effective) concentration of mercury ions within various subcellular environments.

Published
2013

27. Distribution of live and dead cells in pellets of an actinomycete Amycolatopsis balhimycina and its correlation with balhimycin productivity

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Kamaleshwar P. Singh, Amit L. Mahendra, Vibha Jayaraj, and Pramod P. Wangikar

Subjects
Confocal Microscopy, Time Factors, Potassium Compounds, Secondary growth, Submerged Cultures, Pellets, Bioengineering, Secondary metabolite, Microbial Fermentation, Batch Fermentation Processes, Biosynthesis, Mycelial Morphology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Phosphates, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bioreactors, Vancomycin, Actinomycetales, Pellet, Surface Cultures, medicine, Rifamycin-B Fermentation, Biomass, Food science, Mycelium, Streptomyces-Antibioticus, Hygroscopicus Var.-Geldanus, Microbial Viability, biology, Antibiotic Production, Phosphate, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Culture Media, chemistry, Differentiation, Fermentation, Coelicolor, Biotechnology, medicine.drug
Abstract

Secondary metabolites such as antibiotics are typically produced by actinomycetes as a response to growth limiting stress conditions. Several studies have shown that secondary metabolite production is correlated with changes observed in actinomycete pellet morphology. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between the production of balhimycin and the spatio-temporal distribution of live and dead cells in pellets of Amycolatopsis balhimycina in submerged cultures. To this end, we used laser scanning confocal microscopy to analyze pellets from balhimycin producing and nonproducing media containing 0.2 and 1.0 g l−1 of potassium di-hydrogen phosphate, respectively. We observed a substantially higher fraction of live cells in pellets from cultures yielding larger amounts of balhimycin. Moreover, in media that resulted in no balhimycin production, the pellets exhibit an initial death phase which commences from the centre of the pellet and extends in the radial direction. A second growth phase was observed in these pellets, where live mycelia are seen to appear in the dead core of the pellets. This secondary growth was absent in pellets from media producing higher amounts of balhimycin. These results suggest that distribution of live and dead cells and its correlation with antibiotic production in the non-sporulating A. balhimycina differs markedly than that observed in Streptomycetes.

Published
2013

28. Extrusion of electroformed giant unilamellar vesicles through track-etched membranes

Author

Mrunmayi D. Kumbhalkar, Yogita Patil, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Size Distribution, 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, Encapsulation Efficiency, Lamellarity, Dispersity, Multilamellar, Captured Volume, Biochemistry, Lipid Vesicles, Dynamic light scattering, Pressure, Bilayer, Particle Size, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy, Unilamellar Liposomes, Liposome, Chemistry, Vesicle, Organic Chemistry, technology, industry, and agriculture, Membranes, Artificial, Cell Biology, Polydispersity, Dynamic Light Scattering, Phospholipid, Crystallography, Membrane, Pharmaceutical Preparations, Chemical engineering, Liposomes, Encapsulation, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Extrusion, Lysis Tension, Particle size, Porosity
Abstract

Unilamellar vesicle populations having a narrow size distribution and mean radius below 100 nm are preferred for drug delivery applications. In the present work, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) was used to prepare giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) by electroformation and multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) by thin film hydration. Our experiments show that in contrast to MLVs, a single-pass extrusion of GUVs through track-etched polycarbonate membranes at moderate pressure differences is sufficient to produce small liposomes having low polydispersity index. Moreover, we observe that the drug encapsulating potential of extruded liposomes obtained from GUVs is significantly higher compared to liposomes prepared by extrusion of MLVs. Furthermore, our experiments carried out for varying membrane pore diameters and extrusion pressures suggest that the size of extruded liposomes is a function of the velocity of GUV suspensions in the membrane pore. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2012

29. Correlation between pellet morphology and glycopeptide antibiotic balhimycin production by Amycolatopsis balhimycina DSM 5908

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Pramod P. Wangikar, and Kamaleshwar P. Singh

Subjects
Hyphal growth, Morphology (linguistics), Mycelia, medicine.drug_class, Segmented filamentous bacteria, Culture, Pellets, Biomass, Bioengineering, Growth, Submerged Cultivation, Biology, Glycopeptide antibiotic, Mycelial Morphology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Phosphates, Microbiology, Vancomycin, Metabolite Production, Actinomycetales, Pellet, medicine, Batch Fermentation, Food science, Substrate Consumption, Hygroscopicus Var.-Geldanus, Citric-Acid Production, Submerged Cultivations, Antibiotic Production, Image-Analysis, Filamentous Microorganisms, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Culture Media, Chemically defined medium, Ammonium Sulfate, Biotechnology
Abstract

Actinomycetes, a class of filamentous bacteria, are an important source of several industrially relevant secondary metabolites. Several environmental factors including the media composition affect both biomass growth and product formation. Likewise, several studies have shown that environmental factors cause changes in cellular morphology. However, the relationship between morphology and product formation is not well understood. In this study, we first characterized the effect of varying concentrations of phosphate and ammonia in defined media on pellet morphology for an actinomycete Amycolatopsis balhimycina DSM 5908, which produces balhimycin, a glycopeptide antibiotic. Our results show that higher balhimycin productivity is correlated with the following morphological features: (1) higher pellet fraction in the biomass, (2) small elongated pellets, and (3) shorter filaments in hyphal growth in the periphery of the pellets. The correlation between morphology and product formation was also observed in industrially relevant complex media. Although balhimycin production starts after 72 h with maximum production around 168 h, the morphological changes in pellets are observed as early as 24 h after commencing of the batch. Therefore, morphology may be used as an early predictor of the end-of-batch productivity. We argue that a similar strategy can be developed for other strains where morphological indicators may be used as a batch monitoring tool.

Published
2012

30. Corrigendum to 'Design and optimization of microfluidic device for generating robust uniform concentration gradients' [Chem. Eng. Process. – Process Intensif. vol. 124, February 2018, Pages 155–163]

Author

K Deekshith and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Process Chemistry and Technology, General Chemical Engineering, Scientific method, Microfluidics, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, General Chemistry, Process engineering, business, Concentration gradient, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published
2018

31. Chemotactic behavior of spermatozoa captured using a microfluidic chip

Author

Sameer Jadhav, K Deekshith, Priyanka Parte, Shraddha Sontakke, and Shweta Bhagwat

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes, endocrine system, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, urogenital system, Chemistry, Microfluidics, Biomedical Engineering, Chemokinesis, Chemotaxis, Condensed Matter Physics, Sperm chemotaxis, Sperm guidance, Sperm, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Colloid and Surface Chemistry, Rheotaxis, Biophysics, Thermotaxis, General Materials Science, reproductive and urinary physiology, Regular Articles
Abstract

Chemotaxis, as a mechanism for sperm guidance in vivo, is an enigma which has been difficult to demonstrate. To address this issue, various devices have been designed to study sperm chemotaxis in vitro. Limitations of traditional chemotaxis devices were related to the inability to maintain a stable concentration gradient as well as track single sperm over long times. Microfluidics technology, which provides superior control over fluid flow, has been recently used to generate stable concentration gradients for investigating the chemotactic behavior of several cell types including spermatozoa. However, the chemotactic behavior of sperm has not been unequivocally demonstrated even in these studies due to the inability to distinguish it from rheotaxis, thermotaxis, and chemokinesis. For instance, the presence of fluid flow in the microchannels not only destabilizes the concentration gradient but also elicits a rheotactic response from sperm. In this work, we have designed a microfluidic device which can be used to establish both, a uniform concentration and a uniform concentration gradient in a stationary fluid. By facilitating measurement of sperm response in ascending, descending ,and uniform chemoattractant concentration, the assay could isolate sperm chemotactic response from rheotaxis and chemokinesis. The device was validated using acetylcholine, a known chemoattractant and further tested with rat oviductal fluid from the estrus phase.

Published
2018

32. A 3-D Computational Model Predicts that Cell Deformation Affects Selectin-Mediated Leukocyte Rolling

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, and Charles D. Eggleton

Subjects
Time Factors, Materials science, 0206 medical engineering, Biophysics, Leukocyte Rolling, Biophysical Theory and Modeling, 02 engineering and technology, Ligands, Models, Biological, 03 medical and health sciences, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Cell Movement, Cell Adhesion, Leukocytes, medicine, Humans, Cell Shape, Cytoskeleton, Cell Size, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Models, Statistical, Cell-Free System, Stiffness, Elasticity (physics), Immersed boundary method, 020601 biomedical engineering, Microvillus, Shear rate, Kinetics, P-Selectin, medicine.anatomical_structure, Selectins, Stress, Mechanical, medicine.symptom, Shear flow, Contact area, Monte Carlo Method, Software
Abstract

Leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation is initiated by their tethering and rolling on the activated endothelium under flow. Even though the fast kinetics and high tensile strength of selectin-ligand bonds are primarily responsible for leukocyte rolling, experimental evidence suggests that cellular properties such as cell deformability and microvillus elasticity actively modulate leukocyte rolling behavior. Previous theoretical models either assumed cells as rigid spheres or were limited to two-dimensional representations of deformable cells with deterministic receptor-ligand kinetics, thereby failing to accurately predict leukocyte rolling. We therefore developed a three-dimensional computational model based on the immersed boundary method to predict receptor-mediated rolling of deformable cells in shear flow coupled to a Monte Carlo method simulating the stochastic receptor-ligand interactions. Our model predicts for the first time that the rolling of more compliant cells is relatively smoother and slower compared to cells with stiffer membranes, due to increased cell-substrate contact area. At the molecular level, we show that the average number of bonds per cell as well as per single microvillus decreases with increasing membrane stiffness. Moreover, the average bond lifetime decreases with increasing shear rate and with increasing membrane stiffness, due to higher hydrodynamic force experienced by the cell. Taken together, our model captures the effect of cellular properties on the coupling between hydrodynamic and receptor-ligand bond forces, and successfully explains the stable leukocyte rolling at a wide range of shear rates over that of rigid microspheres.

Published
2005

33. Fluid shear- and time-dependent modulation of molecular interactions between PMNs and colon carcinomas

Author

Konstantinos Konstantopoulos and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Neutrophils, Physiology, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Macrophage-1 Antigen, Oligosaccharides, Adenocarcinoma, Ligands, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell–cell interaction, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Cell Adhesion, Tumor Cells, Cultured, medicine, Humans, L-Selectin, Sialyl Lewis X Antigen, Cell adhesion, Cell Aggregation, Viscosity, hemic and immune systems, Cell Biology, Adhesion, N-Formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine, Flow Cytometry, medicine.disease, Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1, Cell aggregation, N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine, chemistry, Macrophage-1 antigen, Colonic Neoplasms, Immunology, Biophysics, Stress, Mechanical, Rheology
Abstract

This study compares the effects of fluid shear on the kinetics, adhesion efficiency, stability, and molecular requirements of polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) binding to two colon adenocarcinoma cell-lines, the CD54-negative/sLex-bearing LS174T cells and the CD54-expressing/sLex-low HCT-8 cells. The efficiency of PMN-colon carcinoma heteroaggregation decreases with increasing shear, with PMNs binding HCT-8 more efficiently than LS174T cells at low shear (50–200 s−1). In the low shear regime, CD11b is sufficient to mediate PMN binding to LS174T cells. In contrast, both CD11a and CD11b contribute to PMN-HCT-8 heteroaggregation, with CD54 on HCT-8 cells acting as a CD11a ligand at early time points. At high shear, only PMN-LS174T heteroaggregation occurs, which is initiated by PMN L-selectin binding to a sialylated, O-linked, protease-sensitive ligand on LS174T cells. PMN-LS174T heteroaggregation is primarily dependent on the intercellular contact duration (or shear rate), whereas PMN-HCT-8 binding is a function of both the intercellular contact duration and the applied force (or shear stress). Cumulatively, these studies suggest that fluid shear modulates the kinetics and molecular mechanisms of PMN-colon carcinoma cell aggregation.

Published
2002

34. Flow Characterization of a Spinner Flask for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture Application

Author

Priyanka Gupta, Jayesh R. Bellare, Andreas Fouras, Sameer Jadhav, Paul J. Verma, Mohd Zulhilmi Paiz Ismadi, and Kerry Hourigan

Subjects
Microcarrier, Cultivation, Cell Culture Techniques, lcsh:Medicine, Bioinformatics, Impeller, Mice, Bioreactors, Biological Fluid Mechanics, Biological Systems Engineering, Biomechanics, lcsh:Science, Cardiomyocytes, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, Physics, Reynolds number, Classical Mechanics, Shear (sheet metal), Batch Cell Culture Techniques, Differentiation, Physical Sciences, symbols, Engineering and Technology, Rheology, Research Article, Biotechnology, Imaging Techniques, Shear force, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Bioreactor, Large-Scale Expansion, Bioengineering, Fluid Mechanics, Digital Imaging, Research and Analysis Methods, Continuum Mechanics, symbols.namesake, Shear stress, Animals, Bone, Cell Proliferation, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Velocimetry, equipment and supplies, Particle image velocimetry, Hydrodynamics, lcsh:Q, Microgravity, Suspension-Culture, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

We present detailed quantitative measurement analyses for flow in a spinner flask with spinning rates between 20 to 45 RPM, utilizing the optical velocimetry measurement technique of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A partial section of the impeller was immersed in the working fluid to reduce the shear forces induced on the cells cultured on microcarriers. Higher rotational speeds improved the mixing effect in the medium at the expense of a higher shear environment. It was found that the mouse induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells achieved the optimum number of cells over 7 days in 25 RPM suspension culture. This condition translates to 0.0984 Pa of maximum shear stress caused by the interaction of the fluid flow with the bottom surface. However, inverse cell growth was obtained at 28 RPM culture condition. Such a narrow margin demonstrated that mouse iPS cells cultured on microcarriers are very sensitive to mechanical forces. This study provides insight to biomechanical parameters, specifically the shear stress distribution, for a commercially available spinner flask over a wide range of Reynolds number.

Published
2014

35. A boron-dipyrrin-mercury(II) complex as a fluorescence turn-on sensor for chloride and applications towards logic gates

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Santanu Kumar Basu, Mangalampalli Ravikanth, R. Kalaiyarasi, and Sheri Madhu

Subjects
Energy-Transfer, Living Cells, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Photochemistry, Bodipy Dyes, Chloride, Ion, chemistry.chemical_compound, Materials Chemistry, medicine, Boron, Intracellular Chloride, Membrane potential, Detection limit, Future Perspectives, Aqueous-Solution, Anion-Binding Properties, General Chemistry, Probe, Fluorescence, Boron-Dipyrromethene, chemistry, BODIPY, Selectivity, medicine.drug
Abstract

Chloride (Cl−) plays an important role in many cellular responses, including control of membrane potential, neurotransmission, regulation of cell volume and charge balance. Due to its physiological relevance, there is a growing need for improved optical sensors that can detect Cl− ions in biological and environmental samples. Herein, we have developed new N-acylhydrazone substituted BODIPY–mercury(II) based fluorescent turn-on sensors 1–Hg2+ and 2–Hg2+, which showed remarkable selectivity and specificity towards Cl− ions under physiological conditions. The new BODIPY compounds 1 and 2 were synthesized by treating their corresponding 3,5-diformyl BODIPYs 3 and 4 with isonicotinohydrazide in one step under simple reaction conditions. Compounds 1 and 2 absorb in 615–650 nm and emit in 625–660 nm regions. BODIPYs 1 and 2 showed exclusive sensing towards Hg2+ and formed 1–Hg2+ and 2–Hg2+ complexes, respectively, which resulted in the quenching of fluorescence. Job's plot analyses and HR-MS studies supported the formation of 1–Hg2+ and 2–Hg2+ complexes. Complexes 1–Hg2+ and 2–Hg2+ were found to be exclusive fluorescence turn-on sensors for chloride ions. Upon addition of Cl− ions to 1–Hg2+ and 2–Hg2+ complexes, the mercury(II) ions were extracted from the complexes by releasing the free BODIPYs 1 and 2 which reflected in the significant enhancement of fluorescence intensity (22-fold) with a detection limit of 108 nM. The reversibility and reusability of sensors for the detection of Hg2+ and Cl− ions were tested for six cycles. Interestingly, the sensor can be used to construct an IMPLIES logic gate system as demonstrated in this paper. Furthermore, the probe is cell membrane-permeable and can readily be used to detect the intracellular Cl− ions.

Published
2014

36. Isolation of giant unilamellar vesicles from electroformed vesicle suspensions and their extrusion through nano-pores

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Yogita Patil, and Amanpreet Kaur Ahluwalia

Subjects
Phospholipid, Gene-Expression, Biochemistry, Physiological Conditions, Lipid Vesicles, Polyethylene Glycols, law.invention, Nanopores, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electricity, Size, law, Poly(Ehtylene Glycol), Biomembranes, Pressure, Dppc, Particle Size, Molecular Biology, Phospholipids, Unilamellar Liposomes, Filtration, Liposome, Polycarboxylate Cement, Chromatography, Membranes, Vesicle, Bilayer, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Organic Chemistry, Membranes, Artificial, Equipment Design, Cell Biology, Polydispersity, Membrane, Chemical engineering, chemistry, Correlation Spectroscopy, Tension, Liposomes, Extrusion, Particle size, Small Unilamellar Vesicle
Abstract

Liposomes required for drug delivery are commonly obtained by extrusion of phospholipid vesicle suspensions through track-etched membranes. The effects of trans-membrane pressure, membrane pore size and bilayer composition on extruded liposome size are well-studied. Vesicle suspensions used in these extrusion studies are highly polydisperse, ranging from 20 nm to 100 m. Vesicle sub-populations smaller than membrane pore size do not undergo extrusion-mediated size reduction and contribute significantly to the mean radius of extruded liposomes. In the present work, giant unilamellar vesicles (Guys) are isolated by subjecting electroformed vesicle suspensions to low-pressure filtration. The isolated GUVs are extruded through track-etched polycarbonate membranes with pore radii ranging from 25 to 200 nm. We show that, when vesicles larger than the membrane pore size are extruded, the minimum attainable value of mean radius of resulting liposomes is independent of initial vesicle size as well as the number of extrusion cycles. We also show that bilayer composition significantly influences the extruded liposome size. These results provide new insights into the possible mechanisms of vesicle size reduction during extrusion process. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2013
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37. Metabolic Analysis Of Fibroblast Conditioned Media And Comparison With Theoretical Modeling

Author

Priyanka Gupta, Paul Verma, Kerry Hourigan, Jayesh Bellare, and Sameer Jadhav

Abstract

Understanding the consumption and production of various metabolites of fibroblast conditioned media is needed for its proper and optimized use in expansion of pluripotent stem cells. For this purpose, we have used the HPLC method to analyse the consumption of glucose and the production of lactate over time by mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The experimental data have also been compared with mathematical model fits. 0.025 moles of lactate was produced after 72 hrs while the glucose concentration decreased from 0.017 moles to 0.011 moles. The mathematical model was able to predict the trends of glucose consumption and lactate production.

Published
2012
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38. 3,5-Diformyl-borondipyrromethene for selective detection of cyanide anion

Author

Mangalampalli Ravikanth, Sameer Jadhav, Sheri Madhu, and Santanu Kumar Basu

Subjects
Boron Compounds, Binding Agents, Cyanide, Energy-Transfer, Living Cells, Electrochemistry, Photochemistry, Bodipy Dyes, Biochemistry, Chemistry Techniques, Analytical, Analytical Chemistry, Absorption, chemistry.chemical_compound, Cell Line, Tumor, Environmental Chemistry, Humans, Pyrroles, Spectroscopy, Cyanohydrin, On Fluorescent Sensor, Fluorescent Dyes, Nucleophilic addition, Chemodosimeter, Cyanides, Chemosensor, Fluorescence, Recognition, chemistry, Proton NMR, Complexation, Colorimetry, Boron-Dipyrromethene Dyes, BODIPY, Absorption (chemistry)
Abstract

Cyanide is one of the most toxic inorganic anions, it is very harmful to human health but extremely useful in industrial activities. Herein, we used our recently reported boradiazaindacene (BODIPY) dye, 3,5-diformyl-borondipyrromethene (BODIPY 1) as an exclusive chemodosimetric and colorimetric sensor for CN(-) ion. Cyanide ion attacks the carbonyl groups of 1 via a nucleophilic addition reaction and converts to cyanohydrin which is reflected in the clear colour change as well as by the absorption, emission and electrochemical properties. Thus BODIPY 1 can be used as a colorimetric and chemodosimetric sensor for CN(-) ion. Furthermore, to show that the position of the formyl group on BODIPY plays an important role in the ability of BODIPY dye to act as a chemodosimetric sensor for CN(-) ion, we synthesized another formyl group containing BODIPY dye, 3, in which the formyl group is present at the para-position of the meso-phenyl group. (1)H NMR studies confirmed the formation of the cyanohydrin form of BODIPY dye 3 on addition of CN(-) ion but dye 3 cannot be used as a chemodosimetric sensor for CN(-) ion, as verified by absorption and fluorescence studies. The detection of cyanide with BODIPY dye 1 for biological application was also performed in MDA-MB-231 cells.

Published
2012

39. All-trans retinoic acid loaded block copolymer nanoparticles efficiently induce cellular differentiation in HL-60 cells

Author

Sarika Mehra, Jayesh R. Bellare, Sameer Jadhav, and Manu D. Tiwari

Subjects
Acute promyelocytic leukemia, Retinoic acid, Pharmaceutical Science, Apoptosis, HL-60 Cells, Tretinoin, Polyethylene Glycols, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lactones, Differentiation therapy, PEG ratio, medicine, Humans, Fluorescein, Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial, Drug Carriers, CD11b Antigen, Cell Differentiation, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, In vitro, Respiratory burst, chemistry, Biochemistry, Nanoparticles, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract

All-trans retinoic acid (atRA) is used in the differentiation therapy of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia. However, its therapeutic success is limited by the appearance of relapse and recalcitrant cases, poor aqueous solubility and high degradability. In the current work, we prepared two types of atRA-loaded copolymer nanoparticles – PL1RA and PC1RA, based on poly(ethyleneglycol) (PEG)-poly( l -lactide) and PEG-poly(e-caprolactone), respectively. We then evaluated their physico-chemical properties and compared their differentiation-inducing potential of HL-60 cells with free atRA. These nanoparticles were in the size range 100–150 nm, possessed moderate colloidal stability and exhibited around 30% encapsulation efficiencies. In vitro release studies indicated pseudo-zero order release of a sustained nature, with PL1RA showing 71% and PC1RA exhibiting 84% drug release over a period of two weeks. Photostability measurements exhibited considerable increase in atRA photostability in the nanoparticle forms: 25% of the drug in PL1RA and 19% in PC1RA was intact as compared to only 5% for free atRA after 8 h of light exposure. PL1RA and PC1RA exhibited efficacies comparable to free atRA in inducing HL-60 respiratory burst as assessed by nitroblue tetrazolium and 2′,7′-dichlorodihydro fluorescein diacteate assays. The average CD11b expressions for atRA, PL1RA and PC1RA on day 5 of treatment were 58%, 49% and 60%, respectively. Post-differentiation apoptosis (∼40%) and reduction in mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (∼60–70%) were also comparable across all treatment groups. Therefore, our block copolymer nanoparticles, PL1RA and PC1RA, are attractive and effective vehicles for atRA delivery which maintain its activity and enhance its stability resulting in efficient induction of HL-60 differentiation.

Published
2011

40. Roles of cell and microvillus deformation and receptor-ligand binding kinetics in cell rolling

Author

Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Sameer Jadhav, Charles D. Eggleton, and Parag D. Pawar

Subjects
Materials science, Physiology, Neutrophils, Kinetics, Leukocyte Rolling, Ligands, Models, Biological, Physiology (medical), medicine, Cell Adhesion, Animals, Humans, Computer Simulation, Elasticity (economics), Cell adhesion, Membrane Glycoproteins, Microvilli, Stiffness, Articles, Microvillus, Receptor–ligand kinetics, Elasticity, P-Selectin, Membrane, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biophysics, Stress, Mechanical, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Monte Carlo Method, Protein Binding
Abstract

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) recruitment to sites of inflammation is initiated by selectin-mediated PMN tethering and rolling on activated endothelium under flow. Cell rolling is modulated by bulk cell deformation (mesoscale), microvillus deformability (microscale), and receptor-ligand binding kinetics (nanoscale). Selectin-ligand bonds exhibit a catch-slip bond behavior, and their dissociation is governed not only by the force but also by the force history. Whereas previous theoretical models have studied the significance of these three “length scales” in isolation, how their interplay affects cell rolling has yet to be resolved. We therefore developed a three-dimensional computational model that integrates the aforementioned length scales to delineate their relative contributions to PMN rolling. Our simulations predict that the catch-slip bond behavior and to a lesser extent bulk cell deformation are responsible for the shear threshold phenomenon. Cells bearing deformable rather than rigid microvilli roll slower only at high P-selectin site densities and elevated levels of shear (≥400 s−1). The more compliant cells (membrance stiffness = 1.2 dyn/cm) rolled slower than cells with a membrane stiffness of 3.0 dyn/cm at shear rates >50 s−1. In summary, our model demonstrates that cell rolling over a ligand-coated surface is a highly coordinated process characterized by a complex interplay between forces acting on three distinct length scales.

Published
2008

41. Shear modulation of intercellular contact area between two deformable cells colliding under flow

Author

Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, Kit Yan Chan, Charles D. Eggleton, and Sameer Jadhav

Subjects
Materials science, Biomedical Engineering, Biophysics, Article, Quantitative Biology::Cell Behavior, Quantitative Biology::Subcellular Processes, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Cell Adhesion, Shear stress, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Computer Simulation, Shear velocity, Cell Shape, Leukocyte aggregation, Molecular Interactions, Agglomeration, Rehabilitation, Mechanics, Condensed Matter::Soft Condensed Matter, Simple shear, Shear rate, Classical mechanics, Shear (geology), Shear Deformation, Contact area, Shear flow
Abstract

Shear rate has been shown to critically affect the kinetics and receptor specificity of cell–cell interactions. In this study, the collision process between two modeled cells interacting in a linear shear flow is numerically investigated. The two identical biological or artificial cells are modeled as deformable capsules composed of an elastic membrane. The cell deformation and trajectories are computed using the immersed boundary method (IBM) for shear rates of 100–400 s−1. As the two cells collide under hydrodynamic shear, large local cell deformations develop. The effective contact area between the two cells is modulated by the shear rate, and reaches a maximum value at intermediate levels of shear. At relatively low shear rate, the contact area is an enclosed region. As the shear rate increases, dimples form on the membrane surface, and the contact region becomes annular. The nonmonotonic increase of the contact area with the increase of shear rate from computational results implies that there is a maximum effective receptor–ligand binding area for cell adhesion. This finding suggests the existence of possible hydrodynamic mechanism that could be used to interpret the observed maximum leukocyte aggregation in shear flow. The critical shear rate for maximum intercellular contact area is shown to vary with cell properties such as radius and membrane elastic modulus., © Elsevier

Published
2007

42. Single molecule characterization of P-selectin/ligand binding

Author

Owen J. T. McCarty, Sameer Jadhav, Yiider Tseng, William D. Hanley, Konstantinos Konstantopoulos, and Denis Wirtz

Subjects
Membrane Glycoproteins, P-selectin, Chemistry, Neutrophils, Force spectroscopy, Inflammation, Cell Biology, Ligand (biochemistry), Ligands, Biochemistry, Actins, P-Selectin, Colonic Neoplasms, medicine, Biophysics, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Molecule, Humans, Avidity, Platelet activation, medicine.symptom, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Monte Carlo Method
Abstract

P-selectin expressed on activated platelets and vascular endothelium mediates adhesive interactions to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and colon carcinomas critical to the processes of inflammation and blood-borne metastasis, respectively. How the overall adhesiveness (i.e. the avidity) of receptor/ligand interactions is controlled by the affinity of the individual receptors to single ligands is not well understood. Using single molecule force spectroscopy, we probed in situ both the tensile strength and off-rate of single P-selectin molecules binding to single ligands on intact human PMNs and metastatic colon carcinomas and compared them to the overall avidity of these cells for P-selectin substrates. The use of intact cells rather than purified proteins ensures the proper orientation and preserves post-translational modifications of the P-selectin ligands. The P-selectin/PSGL-1 interaction on PMNs was able to withstand forces up to 175 pN and had an unstressed off-rate of 0.20 s(-1). The tensile strength of P-selectin binding to a novel O-linked, sialylated protease-sensitive ligand on LS174T colon carcinomas approached 125 pN, whereas the unstressed off-rate was 2.78 s(-1). Monte Carlo simulations of receptor/ligand bond rupture under constant loading rate for both P-selectin/PSGL-1 and P-selectin/LS174T ligand binding give distributions and mean rupture forces that are in accord with experimental data. The pronounced differences in the affinity for P-selectin/ligand binding provide a mechanistic basis for the differential abilities of PMNs and carcinomas to roll on P-selectin substrates under blood flow conditions and underline the requirement for single molecule affinity measurements.

Published
2003

43. Hydrodynamic shear regulates the kinetics and receptor specificity of polymorphonuclear leukocyte-colon carcinoma cell adhesive interactions

Author

Sameer Jadhav, Bruce S. Bochner, and Konstantinos Konstantopoulos

Subjects
Neutrophils, Immunology, Cell, Adenocarcinoma, Models, Biological, Flow cytometry, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Cell Adhesion, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, L-Selectin, Neoplasm Metastasis, Cell adhesion, Cells, Cultured, Cell Aggregation, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, CD11 Antigens, hemic and immune systems, Adhesion, N-Formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine, Cell aggregation, N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine, Kinetics, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Biochemistry, CD18 Antigens, Colonic Neoplasms, biology.protein, Biophysics, Selectins, L-selectin, Stress, Mechanical, Selectin
Abstract

The ability of tumor cells to metastasize hematogenously is regulated by their interactions with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs). However, the mechanisms mediating PMN binding to tumor cells under physiological shear forces remain largely unknown. This study was designed to characterize the molecular interactions between PMNs and tumor cells as a function of the dynamic shear environment, using two human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines (LS174T and HCT-8) as models. PMN and colon carcinoma cell suspensions, labeled with distinct fluorophores, were sheared in a cone-and-plate rheometer in the presence of the PMN activator fMLP. The size distribution and cellular composition of formed aggregates were determined by flow cytometry. PMN binding to LS174T cells was maximal at 100 s−1 and decreased with increasing shear. At low shear (100 s−1) PMN CD11b alone mediates PMN-LS174T heteroaggregation. However, L-selectin, CD11a, and CD11b are all required for PMN binding to sialyl Lewisx-bearing LS174T cells at high shear (800 s−1). In contrast, sialyl Lewisx-low HCT-8 cells fail to aggregate with PMNs at high shear conditions, despite extensive adhesive interactions at low shear. Taken together, our data suggest that PMN L-selectin initiates LS174T cell tethering at high shear by binding to sialylated moieties on the carcinoma cell surface, whereas the subsequent involvement of CD11a and CD11b converts these transient tethers into stable adhesion. This study demonstrates that the shear environment of the vasculature modulates the dynamics and molecular constituents mediating PMN-tumor cell adhesion.

Published
2001

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