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Background: Peyronie's disease (PD) is a localized fibrosis of tunica albuginea, which causes the anatomical and functional changes to the penis. Corporoplasty with grafting is indicated in severe (>60°) and complex curvature. Buccal mucosa is the most favored autologous graft material nowadays. The ventrolateral aspect of lingual mucosa has similar histological features to the rest of the oral cavity. Methods: This study aimed to test the efficacy, safety, durability, and reproducibility of corporoplasty with lingual mucosal graft (LMG) in the surgical treatment of PD in terms of surgical outcome, sexual function, and donor site complications. This prospective study included 19 patients of PD with severe and complex curvature, who underwent corporoplasty with LMG. Surgical and functional outcomes were assessed at follow-up planned at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years. Results: The mean operative time was 126.31 ± 21.45 min. Additional Nesbit's plication to correct the residual deformity was required in 26% (5 / 19) of patients. Straightening of the penis (curvature <10°) was achieved in 89% (17 / 19) of patients. Increase in the penile length (>1 cm) postoperatively was achieved in 63% (12 / 19) of patients and a shortening of penis occurred in 5% (1 / 19) of patients. Newer onset erectile dysfunction developed in 11% (2 / 19) of patients, and patient and partner satisfaction rates were 89% (17 / 19) and 84% (16 / 19), respectively, in a mean follow-up of 20.66 ± 5.37 months. Donor site complications were minimal and no patient had any salivary changes or speech disturbances. Conclusion: LMG provided excellent short-term results in terms of deformity correction, improved sexual function, and minimal donor site morbidity. The method is simple and reproducible, and multicenter studies with larger number of cases with longer follow-up are required to confirm these favorable results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, DFT studies corroborating experimental results revealed that the shortest intramolecular hydrogen bonding distance of cis/trans‐oxaphosphetane (OPA) oxygen with the CH‐hydrogen of a triphenylphosphine phenyl ring provides good evidence for the attained olefin Z/E‐selectivity in Wittig olefination of the studied examples. 2‐Nitrobenzaldehyde, 3‐nitrobenzaldehyde, 2‐nitro‐3‐bromobenzaldehyde, 2‐nitro‐5‐bromobenzaldehyde and 2‐nitro‐5‐arylbenzaldehydes provided Z‐nitrostilbenes with (2‐chloro‐4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐5‐(methoxycarbonyl)benzyl) triphenylphosphonium chloride as the major products. However, 4‐nitrobenzaldehyde and 2‐nitro‐6‐bromobenzaldehydes furnished E‐nitrostilbenes as the major products in high yields. Furthermore, the DFT computed intramolecular CH1/CH2‐hydrogen bond distances with Cl/NO2 of selected stilbene derivatives were in good agreement with intramolecular hydrogen bond distances measured from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first total synthesis of acylphloroglucinol-based natural products faberiones A, B, and E is reported, which were isolated from Hypericum faberi. Total syntheses of faberiones A and B are accomplished in six linear steps from commercially accessible 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene (methyl protected form of phloroglucinol) in overall yields of 31 and 33% respectively, via simple and straightforward approaches that include acylation, o-methoxy deprotection, selective iodination and tandem-Sonogashira cyclization followed by C-geranylation. Faberione E is achieved in two linear steps from acylphloroglucinol with an overall yield of 57% via geranylation followed by benzopyran formation reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient approach for synthesizing fused nitrogen containing heterocycles has been formulated. The approach relies on the use of 2-bromo-3-(arylamino)-1H-inden-1-one derivatives as precursors for the synthesis of indenoindoles and indenoisoquoinolines. The synthesis of indenoindoles is achieved via palladium-catalyzed C-H activation strategy, while a sequential palladium-catalyzed intermolecular Suzuki coupling followed by an intramolecular annulation process is used to synthesize indenoisoquinolines. The developed strategy offers indenone fused polycycles in moderate to good yields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) is chronic pyelonephritis subtype where in renal parenchymal destruction occurs and therefore results in progressive loss of kidney functions. Although middle age group is the predominant age group affected but it can be seen at any age. There is accumulation of macrophages (lipid-laden) leading to renal parenchymal destruction and fibrosis. In this study, we present our data of 15 patients who had undergone nephrectomy and were biopsy proven XGP. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to describe the clinical and radiological features of XGP in adults. Materials and Methods: XGP constituted 4.31% of the 348 nephrectomies done for infective causes over a period of 7 years. All our patients had undergone unilateral total nephrectomy. Demographic and clinical records were analyzed after consent from all the patients. Results: The age range in our study was 18–65 years with mean 42.93±15.66 years. Nine of our patients, that is, 60% were females. Diabetes was present in 53.3% of our patients. Three patients had imaging suggestive of pyonephrosis, three patients had perinephric collection and 9 patients (60%) had concomitant nephrolithiasis. All the kidneys were grossly enlarged and were non-functional on renal scintigraphy. Conclusion: XGP is a form of chronic pyelonephritis which although being less common but is devastating given the destruction of renal parenchyma it does and associated morbidity. Clinicoradiologic correlation cannot be overemphasized. The definitive diagnosis is established after histopathologic examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stereoselective strategy for the replacement of the 1,2-dihaloalkene bridge of tetrahalonorbornyl derivatives by an oxygen bridge involving stepwise controlled oxidation, cleavage of the dione thus formed, and reiterative intramolecular S(sub N)2 displacement of two bridgehead halogens is devised. The synthesis of four highly strained pentacyclic bis-oxa-bridged derivatives with interesting structural variations is presented.

Research has been conducted on the gamma-lactone-fused cyclopentanoids. The effect of the tetrahalonorborene derivatives' structural flexibility and stereochemical control on these cyclopentannulated gamma-lactones has been investigated and the details are described.

A simple computational model explains and predicts pi-facial selectivity in nucleophilic additions to sterically-free carbonyls. The model, based on MNDO, uses two sets of calculations. One measures electrostatic and polarization effects using a test charge to represent the nucleophile, while the other models the hydride ion to determine the added role of orbital interactions. Using these two, the approach is able to reproduce most empirically-established selectivities, especially with the hydride model.

Stereoselective formal synthesis of (_)-neplanocin A from a cyclopentane derivative is described by using an elegant strategy involving reiterative usage of an already existing acetonide protecting group. The acetonide protecting groups that is carried forward intact right from the starting adduct to an advanced intermediate is shuffled around twice as in a relay race through the synthetic sequence, which has avoided unnecessary employment of additional protecting groups.

A study aimed to achieve a short and stereoselective route to the trans-hydrindane derivative, which is a potential building block for the synthesis of steroidal and related molecules. The desired results were obtained by the operation of indium, tin, and ruthenium based reagents, starting from a tetrabromo norbornyl derivative.

Research has been conducted on 7-azaspiro[4.5]decan-6-ones. The authors describe the access to these compounds which involves regio- and chemoselective reactions and starts from tetrabromonorbornyl derivatives.

The formation of a twist-brendane via intramolecular enolate alkylation is described. Conversion of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane scaffold present in this twist-brendane through a Grob-type fragmentation to unravel a functionalized bicyclo[2.2.2] system which contains all the necessary carbon atoms of the lipophilic core structure of nor-platencin, a platencin analogue is presented. Synthesis of core structure of platencin was also accomplished by extending this strategy to a starting material possessing a surrogate for the exocyclic methylene group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficient reduction of mono- and disubstituted norbornyl a-diketones with zinc in [bmimBF4]:[H2O] to afford the corresponding acyloins in excellent yields and diastereoselectivities is described. In case of the monosubstituted norbornyl α-diketones, very high regioselectivities ranging from 90:10 to 100:0, in favor of diastereomer possessing endo-hydroxyl diagonal to endo-substituent were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe here the acid-catalysed reaction of anilines with activated indanol using the inexpensive catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid (p-TSA). Various electron-donating as well as electron-withdrawing anilines are reacted with activated indanol. The reaction mechanism suggests the in-situ formation of a p-quinomethoxy methide intermediate, followed by the nucleophilic attack of the substituted or unsubstituted anilines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: We share our experience of managing 15 cases of forgotten double-J (DJ) stent in our tertiary care center., Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of cases with forgotten DJ stent for a period of 2 years spanning from January 2017 to January 2019. The details included sex, age, literacy, socioeconomic status, stenting indication, duration of indwelling stent, presenting complaints, type of encrustations, various treatments given, intraoperative complications, and their management and eventual outcome., Results: The male-to-female ratio was 2:1, and the mean age was 39.5 years (17-65). The mean indwelling time was 31.7 months. The majority of patients had an education score of 1 out of 7 and belonged to lower socioeconomic class according to the modified Kuppuswamy scale. The most common presentation was irritative voiding symptom. The complicated and heavily encrusted stents were managed by combination of endourological procedures, and procedures were staged whenever deemed necessary. Majority of the stents were removed with simple retrograde cystoscopic removal. There was no mortality in our study., Conclusions: A forgotten DJ stent affects population having low education score and belonging to the lower end of the socioeconomic class. Endourological procedures are quite successful in managing a forgotten DJ stent, provided the treatment options are selected judiciously and meticulously. We also suggest some protocols to be followed in our study in order to prevent a forgotten DJ stent., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright: © 2020 Urology Annals.)

An unusual route for the synthesis of functionalized cyclobutane derivatives starting from functionalized norbornane derivatives is reported. Base-induced fragmentation of an oxetanol-type moiety embedded in a tetracyclic norbornyl ketal leads to a cyclobutane-fused derivative as the major or exclusive product. The fragmentation reaction for bridgehead-bromine-substituted derivatives was much faster than for the corresponding chlorine-substituted substrates. The functionalized cyclobutane product was formed exclusively in high yield in the former case, while the latter furnished a minor uncyclized side product in varying yields.

Stereoselective formal synthesis of (+/-)-neplanocin A from a cyclopentane derivative employing an elegant strategy involving reiterative usage of an already existing acetonide protecting group is reported. The acetonide protecting group that is carried forward intact right from the starting adduct to an advanced intermediate is shuffled around twice as in a "relay race" through the synthetic sequence, thus avoiding unnecessary employment of additional protecting groups.