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4. SOCIAL SKILLS INTERVENTIONS FOR ADOLESCENTS WITH LEVEL 1 AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW WITH META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS.

Author

Narzisi, Antonio, Sesso, Gianluca, Fabbri-Destro, Maddalena, Berloffa, Stefano, Fantozzi, Pamela, Muccio, Rosy, Bruzzi, Gianina, Scatigna, Stefano, Valente, Elena, Viglione, Valentina, Milone, Annarita, Cortese, Samuele, and Masi, Gabriele

Subjects
SOCIAL skills education, AUTISM spectrum disorders, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, SOCIAL skills, INVESTIGATIONAL therapies
Abstract

Objective: Evidence on the efficacy of social skills training for adolescents with Level 1 Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is unclear. Method: We searched Pubmed, Scopus, and Web of Science until July 27th, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of social skills training for pre-adolescents and adolescents (aged 9-18) with Level 1 ASD. We then pooled data on efficacy from individual RCTs by conducting multivariate mixed-effects meta-analyses in R. We estimated possible bias in the retained RCTs using the RoB2 tool. Results: We retained 36 RCTs (encompassing 2796 participants), including 18 RCTs comparing an experimental treatment to a waiting list, and 18 RCTs comparing it to standard care/control treatment. Meta-analyses showed that experimental treatments were significantly more efficacious than waiting list or standard care/ control treatments in improving social skills (SMD = 0.3745; 95%CI = [0.2396; 0.5093]), as well as reducing behavioral symptoms (0.3154;0.1783, 0.4525) and anxious/depressive symptoms (0.2780; 0.0432, 0.5128). However, for some outcomes there was significant heterogeneity across studies and evidence of publication bias. Subgroup analyses and meta-regressions did not identify any specific clinical or demographic factors as significant predictors of outcome. The most common risk of bias across studies was related to deviations from intended interventions and measurement of the outcomes. Conclusions: At the group level, social skills training for adolescents with Level 1 ASD is efficacious, with small-to-moderate effect size. Future research should focus on personalized medicine approaches, aimed at tailoring interventions to specific characteristics of adolescents with Level 1 ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Parenting and Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties in a General Population Sample of Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Emotional Dysregulation.

Author

Smorti, Martina, Milone, Annarita, Fanciullacci, Luisa, Ciaravolo, Alessia, and Berrocal, Carmen

Subjects
MENTAL illness risk factors, EMOTION regulation, CROSS-sectional method, STATISTICAL correlation, RESEARCH funding, STATISTICAL sampling, PARENTING, BEHAVIOR, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, INTERNALIZING behavior, BEHAVIOR disorders in children, LONGITUDINAL method, TEENAGERS' conduct of life, EXTERNALIZING behavior
Abstract

Research has shown that both parenting and emotional dysregulation are associated with mental health outcomes in youth. This cross-sectional research was developed to replicate these noted findings and explore the mediating role of emotional dysregulation to explain the relationship between parenting and emotional and behavioral difficulties (internalizing and externalizing problems) in adolescents. A total of 104 adolescents (61.5% females; M = 15.62 yrs., SD = 1.38) participated in the study. Participants completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (measuring care, promotion of autonomy, and overprotection) referring to both the mother and father, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Youth Self-Report. The results showed that difficulties in emotion regulation fully mediated the relationship between overprotection (in both parents) and low maternal care with internalizing problems, on the one hand, and the relationship between maternal overprotection and low care (in both parents) with externalizing problems, on the other hand. Furthermore, emotional dysregulation partially mediated the effect of paternal care on internalizing problems. These findings help to clarify one of the mechanisms through which parenting can affect mental health in youth. Theoretical and clinical implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Deep phenotyping of the neuroimaging and skeletal features in KBG syndrome: a study of 53 patients and review of the literature

Author

Peluso, Francesca, primary, Caraffi, Stefano G, additional, Contrò, Gianluca, additional, Valeri, Lara, additional, Napoli, Manuela, additional, Carboni, Giorgia, additional, Seth, Alka, additional, Zuntini, Roberta, additional, Coccia, Emanuele, additional, Astrea, Guja, additional, Bisgaard, Anne-Marie, additional, Ivanovski, Ivan, additional, Maitz, Silvia, additional, Brischoux-Boucher, Elise, additional, Carter, Melissa T, additional, Dentici, Maria Lisa, additional, Devriendt, Koenraad, additional, Bellini, Melissa, additional, Digilio, Maria Cristina, additional, Doja, Asif, additional, Dyment, David A, additional, Farholt, Stense, additional, Ferreira, Carlos R, additional, Wolfe, Lynne A, additional, Gahl, William A, additional, Gnazzo, Maria, additional, Goel, Himanshu, additional, Grønborg, Sabine Weller, additional, Hammer, Trine, additional, Iughetti, Lorenzo, additional, Kleefstra, Tjitske, additional, Koolen, David A, additional, Lepri, Francesca Romana, additional, Lemire, Gabrielle, additional, Louro, Pedro, additional, McCullagh, Gary, additional, Madeo, Simona F, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Milone, Roberta, additional, Nielsen, Jens Erik Klint, additional, Novelli, Antonio, additional, Ockeloen, Charlotte W., additional, Pascarella, Rosario, additional, Pippucci, Tommaso, additional, Ricca, Ivana, additional, Robertson, Stephen P, additional, Sawyer, Sarah, additional, Falkenberg Smeland, Marie, additional, Stegmann, Sander, additional, Stumpel, Constanze T, additional, Goel, Amy, additional, Taylor, Juliet M, additional, Barbuti, Domenico, additional, Soresina, Annarosa, additional, Bedeschi, Maria Francesca, additional, Battini, Roberta, additional, Cavalli, Anna, additional, Fusco, Carlo, additional, Iascone, Maria, additional, Van Maldergem, Lionel, additional, Venkateswaran, Sunita, additional, Zuffardi, Orsetta, additional, Vergano, Samantha, additional, Garavelli, Livia, additional, and Bayat, Allan, additional

Published
2023
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8. Persistent Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Suicidality in Referred Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study Exploring the Role of Cyclothymic Temperament

Author

Masi, Gabriele, primary, Pisano, Simone, additional, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Mazzullo, Cristina, additional, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Narzisi, Antonio, additional, Placini, Francesca, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, and Milone, Annarita, additional

Published
2023
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9. Contemporary diagnosis and treatment of conduct disorder in youth.

Author

Masi, Gabriele, Carucci, Sara, Muratori, Pietro, Balia, Carla, Sesso, Gianluca, and Milone, Annarita

Abstract

Conduct disorder (CD) is characterized by repetitive and persistent antisocial behaviors, being among the most frequently reported reasons of referral in youth. CD is a highly heterogeneous disorder, with possible specifiers defined according to age at onset, Limited Prosocial Emotions (LPE) otherwise known as Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits, Emotional Dysregulation (ED), and patterns of comorbidity, each with its own specific developmental trajectories. The authors review the evidence from published literature on the clinical presentations, diagnostic procedures, psychotherapeutic and psychoeducational approaches, and pharmacological interventions from RCT and naturalistic studies in youth. Evidence from studies including youths with LPE/CU traits, ED and aggression are also reviewed, as response moderators. Due to its clinical heterogeneity, relevant subtypes of CD should be carefully characterized to gain reliable information on prognosis and treatments. Thus, disentangling this broad category in subtypes is crucial as a first step in diagnosis. Psychosocial interventions are the first option, possibly improving LPE/CU traits and ED, especially if implemented early during development. Instead, limited information, based on low-quality studies, supports pharmacological options. Second-generation antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and stimulants are first-line medications, according to different target symptoms, such as aggression and emotional reactivity. Developmental pathways including ADHD suggest a specific role of psychostimulants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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10. Specific Learning Disabilities and Emotional-Behavioral Difficulties: Phenotypes and Role of the Cognitive Profile

Author

Cristofani, Paola, primary, Di Lieto, Maria Chiara, additional, Casalini, Claudia, additional, Pecini, Chiara, additional, Baroncini, Matteo, additional, Pessina, Ottavia, additional, Gasperini, Filippo, additional, Dasso Lang, Maria Bianca, additional, Bartoli, Mariaelisa, additional, Chilosi, Anna Maria, additional, and Milone, Annarita, additional

Published
2023
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11. Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: The SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic Implications

Author

Narzisi, Antonio, primary, Alcantud-Marin, Francisco, additional, Alonso-Esteban, Yurena, additional, Battini, Roberta, additional, Cantiani, Chiara, additional, Conti, Eugenia, additional, Fusar-Poli, Laura, additional, Lecciso, Flavia, additional, Levante, Annalisa, additional, Mazzone, Luigi, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Riva, Valentina, additional, Siracusano, Martina, additional, and Aguglia, Eugenio, additional

Published
2023
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15. Early Sensory Profile in Autism Spectrum Disorders Predicts Emotional and Behavioral Issues

Author

Fabbri-Destro, Maddalena, primary, Maugeri, Federica, additional, Ianni, Carolina, additional, Corsini, Sofia, additional, Di Stefano, Erica, additional, Scatigna, Stefano, additional, Crifaci, Giulia, additional, Bruzzi, Gianina, additional, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Prato, Adriana, additional, Muccio, Rosy, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Pelagatti, Susanna, additional, Pecchini, Edoardo, additional, Zulli, Filippo, additional, Rizzo, Renata, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, Barone, Rita, additional, Masi, Gabriele, additional, and Narzisi, Antonio, additional

Published
2022
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16. Psychopathic Traits, Externalizing Problems, and Prosocial Behavior: The Role of Social Dominance Orientation.

Author

Grossi, Giuseppe, Strappini, Francesca, Iuliano, Enrico, Passiatore, Ylenia, Mancini, Francesco, Levantini, Valentina, Masi, Gabriele, Milone, Annarita, Santaguida, Erica, Salekin, Randall T., Muratori, Pietro, and Buonanno, Carlo

Subjects
PROSOCIAL behavior, SOCIAL dominance, PSYCHOPATHY, EXTERNALIZING behavior, AGGRESSION (Psychology), BEHAVIOR disorders, COMMUNITIES
Abstract

Psychopathic traits in community and referred youths are strongly associated with severe externalizing problems and low prosocial behavior. However, less is known about the mechanisms that may link youth psychopathy and these outcomes. Social dominance orientation (SDO), defined as the general individual orientation toward unequal and dominant/subordinate relationships, might represent a valuable construct to explore to better understand the association between psychopathic traits, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior. Based on this, the current study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychopathic traits, SDO, externalizing problems, and prosocial behavior in a community sample (N = 92, 45.57% females, mean age = 12.53, and SD = 0.60) and in a clinical (N = 29, 9% female, mean age = 12.57, and SD = 0.57) samples of adolescents with Oppositional Defiant Disorder or Conduct Disorder. Results showed that SDO mediated the relationship between psychopathic traits and externalizing problems and between psychopathic traits and prosocial behavior only in the clinical sample. These findings can provide valuable information on psychopathic trait correlates in youths with aggressive behavior disorders; treatment implications are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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17. Internet Gaming Disorder in Children and Adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

Berloffa, Stefano, primary, Salvati, Andrea, additional, D’Acunto, Giulia, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Inguaggiato, Emanuela, additional, Lenzi, Francesca, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Muratori, Pietro, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, Ricci, Federica, additional, Ruglioni, Laura, additional, Tacchi, Annalisa, additional, Tessa, Chiara, additional, Villafranca, Arianna, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2022
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18. Sensory Profiles in School-Aged Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Descriptive Study Using the Sensory Processing Measure-2 (SPM-2)

Author

Narzisi, Antonio, primary, Fabbri-Destro, Maddalena, additional, Crifaci, Giulia, additional, Scatigna, Stefano, additional, Maugeri, Federica, additional, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Prato, Adriana, additional, Muccio, Rosy, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, Pecchini, Edoardo, additional, Pelagatti, Susanna, additional, Rizzo, Renata, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Barone, Rita, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2022
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24. Parental Distress in the Time of COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study on Pediatric Patients with Neuropsychiatric Conditions during Lockdown

Author

Sesso, Gianluca, primary, Bonaventura, Eleonora, additional, Buchignani, Bianca, additional, Della Vecchia, Stefania, additional, Fedi, Caterina, additional, Gazzillo, Marisa, additional, Micomonaco, Jessica, additional, Salvati, Andrea, additional, Conti, Eugenia, additional, Cioni, Giovanni, additional, Muratori, Filippo, additional, Masi, Gabriele, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, and Battini, Roberta, additional

Published
2021
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25. Treatment with Methylphenidate Improves Affective but Not Cognitive Empathy in Youths with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Author

Fantozzi, Pamela, primary, Muratori, Pietro, additional, Caponi, Maria Celeste, additional, Levantini, Valentina, additional, Nardoni, Cristina, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, Ricci, Federica, additional, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Tacchi, Annalisa, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2021
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27. Could You Give Me the Blue Brick? LEGO®-Based Therapy as a Social Development Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review

Author

Narzisi, Antonio, primary, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Muccio, Rosy, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, Villafranca, Arianna, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2021
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28. An Exploratory Study of Emotional Dysregulation Dimensions in Youth With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and/or Bipolar Spectrum Disorders

Author

Masi, Gabriele, primary, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Molesti, Agnese, additional, Placini, Francesca, additional, Boldrini, Silvia, additional, Loriaux, Nina, additional, Drago, Flavia, additional, Montesanto, Anna Rita, additional, Pisano, Simone, additional, and Milone, Annarita, additional

Published
2021
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29. Behavioural and Emotional Changes during COVID-19 Lockdown in an Italian Paediatric Population with Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders

Author

Conti, Eugenia, primary, Sgandurra, Giuseppina, additional, De Nicola, Giacomo, additional, Biagioni, Tommaso, additional, Boldrini, Silvia, additional, Bonaventura, Eleonora, additional, Buchignani, Bianca, additional, Della Vecchia, Stefania, additional, Falcone, Francesca, additional, Fedi, Caterina, additional, Gazzillo, Marisa, additional, Marinella, Gemma, additional, Mazzullo, Cristina, additional, Micomonaco, Jessica, additional, Pantalone, Gloria, additional, Salvati, Andrea, additional, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Simonelli, Valerio, additional, Tolomei, Greta, additional, Troiano, Irene, additional, Cioni, Giovanni, additional, Masi, Gabriele, additional, Muratori, Filippo, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, and Battini, Roberta, additional

Published
2020
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30. Autism Spectrum Disorder and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Comorbidities Delineate Clinical Phenotypes in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Novel Insights from the Assessment of Psychopathological and Neuropsychological Profiles

Author

Sesso, Gianluca, primary, Cristofani, Chiara, additional, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Cristofani, Paola, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Inguaggiato, Emanuela, additional, Narzisi, Antonio, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, Ricci, Federica, additional, Tacchi, Annalisa, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2020
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31. A Naturalistic Study of Youth Referred to a Tertiary Care Facility for Acute Hypomanic or Manic Episode

Author

Masi, Gabriele, primary, Berloffa, Stefano, additional, Muratori, Pietro, additional, Mucci, Maria, additional, Viglione, Valentina, additional, Villafranca, Arianna, additional, Inguaggiato, Emanuela, additional, Levantini, Valentina, additional, Placini, Francesca, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, D’Acunto, Giulia, additional, Lenzi, Francesca, additional, Liboni, Francesca, additional, and Milone, Annarita, additional

Published
2020
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32. The Role of Executive Functions in the Development of Empathy and Its Association with Externalizing Behaviors in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Other Psychiatric Comorbidities

Author

Cristofani, Chiara, primary, Sesso, Gianluca, additional, Cristofani, Paola, additional, Fantozzi, Pamela, additional, Inguaggiato, Emanuela, additional, Muratori, Pietro, additional, Narzisi, Antonio, additional, Pfanner, Chiara, additional, Pisano, Simone, additional, Polidori, Lisa, additional, Ruglioni, Laura, additional, Valente, Elena, additional, Masi, Gabriele, additional, and Milone, Annarita, additional

Published
2020
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33. The Italian Preadolescent Mental Health Project (PrISMA): rationale and methods

Author

FRIGERIO, ALESSANDRA, VANZIN, LAURA, PASTORE, VALENTINA, NOBILE, MARIA, GIORDA, ROBERTO, MARINO, CECILIA, MOLTENI, MASSIMO, RUCCI, PAOLA, AMMANITI, MASSIMO, LUCARELLI, LOREDANA, LENTI, CARLO, WALDER, MAURO, MARTINUZZI, ANDREA, CARLET, OMBRETTA, MURATORI, FILIPPO, MILONE, ANNARITA, ZUDDAS, ALESSANDRO, CAVOLINA, PINA, NARDOCCI, FRANCO, TULLINI, ANDREA, MOROSINI, PIERLUIGI, POLIDORI, GABRIELLA, and GIROLAMO, GIOVANNI DE

Published
2006

37. Trajectories of callous–unemotional traits from childhood to adolescence in referred youth with a disruptive behavior disorder who received intensive multimodal therapy in childhood

Author

Masi, Gabriele, primary, Pisano, Simone, additional, Brovedani, Paola, additional, Maccaferri, Gioia, additional, Manfredi, Azzurra, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Nocentini, Annalaura, additional, Polidori, Lisa, additional, Ruglioni, Laura, additional, and Muratori, Pietro, additional

Published
2018
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39. Update on the safety of second generation antipsychotics in youths: a call for collaboration among paediatricians and child psychiatrists

Author

Pisano, Simone, primary, Catone, Gennaro, additional, Veltri, Stefania, additional, Lanzara, Valentina, additional, Pozzi, Marco, additional, Clementi, Emilio, additional, Iuliano, Raffaella, additional, Riccio, Maria Pia, additional, Radice, Sonia, additional, Molteni, Massimo, additional, Capuano, Annalisa, additional, Gritti, Antonella, additional, Coppola, Giangennaro, additional, Milone, Annarita, additional, Bravaccio, Carmela, additional, and Masi, Gabriele, additional

Published
2016
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40. Neuropsychological Characterization of Aggressive Behavior in Children and Adolescents with CD/ODD and Effects of Single Doses of Medications: The Protocol of the Matrics_WP6-1 Study.

Author

Balia, Carla, Carucci, Sara, Milone, Annarita, Romaniello, Roberta, Valente, Elena, Donno, Federica, Montesanto, Annarita, Brovedani, Paola, Masi, Gabriele, Glennon, Jeffrey C., Coghill, David, and Zuddas, Alessandro

Subjects
CHILD psychology, AGGRESSION (Psychology), MENTAL health services, DYSAUTONOMIA, CONDUCT disorders in children, HEART beat, DRUGS, CONDUCT disorders in adolescence
Abstract

Aggressive behaviors and disruptive/conduct disorders are some of the commonest reasons for referral to youth mental health services; nevertheless, the efficacy of therapeutic interventions in real-world clinical practice remains unclear. In order to define more appropriate targets for innovative pharmacological therapies for disruptive/conduct disorders, the European Commission within the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) funded the MATRICS project (Multidisciplinary Approaches to Translational Research in Conduct Syndromes) to identify neural, genetic, and molecular factors underpinning the pathogenesis of aggression/antisocial behavior in preclinical models and clinical samples. Within the program, a multicentre case-control study, followed by a single-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over, randomized acute single-dose medication challenge, was conducted at two Italian sites. Aggressive children and adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) or oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) were compared to the same age (10–17 y) typically developing controls (TDC) on a neuropsychological tasks battery that included both "cold" (e.g., inhibitory control, decision making) and "hot" executive functions (e.g., moral judgment, emotion processing, risk assessment). Selected autonomic measures (heart rate variability, skin conductance, salivary cortisol) were recorded before/during/after neuropsychological testing sessions. The acute response to different drugs (methylphenidate/atomoxetine, risperidone/aripiprazole, or placebo) was also examined in the ODD/CD cohort in order to identify potential neuropsychological/physiological mechanisms underlying aggression. The paper describes the protocol of the clinical MATRICS WP6-1 study, its rationale, the specific outcome measures, and their implications for a precision medicine approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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41. Could You Give Me the Blue Brick? LEGO ® -Based Therapy as a Social Development Program for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Author

Narzisi, Antonio, Sesso, Gianluca, Berloffa, Stefano, Fantozzi, Pamela, Muccio, Rosy, Valente, Elena, Viglione, Valentina, Villafranca, Arianna, Milone, Annarita, and Masi, Gabriele

Subjects
CHILDREN with autism spectrum disorders, SOCIAL development, SOCIAL services, CHILD development, SOCIAL skills
Abstract

LEGO®-based therapy is a social skills development program aimed at children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science bibliographic databases were searched from their date of inception to August 2020. The review included 19 studies. Studies were classified according to experimental designs (e.g., Randomized Control Trial, Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions and case report and series) and a narrative synthesis of each was provided, along with a critical discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the available literature on the topic. Although LEGO®-based therapy appears a promising treatment for social interaction in ASD, the findings of LEGO®-based therapy studies should be interpreted and generalized with caution, due to the low quality of the studies and the small sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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42. Lithium treatment in bipolar adolescents: a follow-up naturalistic study

Author

Stefano Berloffa, Simone Pisano, Annarita Milone, Valentina Viglione, Gabriele Masi, Gabriella Bruni, Maria Mucci, Giulia Scrinzi, Masi, Gabriele, Milone, Annarita, Scrinzi, Giulia, Mucci, Maria, Viglione, Valentina, Bruni, Gabriella, Berloffa, Stefano, and Pisano, Simone

Subjects
safety, medicine.medical_specialty, Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Lithium (medication), Sedation, QT interval, Gastroenterology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, White blood cell, Internal medicine, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, adolescents, Bipolar disorder, Original Research, bipolar disorder, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Thyroid, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, 030227 psychiatry, medicine.anatomical_structure, lithium, adolescent, Long term data, medicine.symptom, business, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Hormone, medicine.drug
Abstract

Gabriele Masi,1 Annarita Milone,1 Giulia Scrinzi,2 Maria Mucci,1 Valentina Viglione,1 Gabriella Bruni,1 Stefano Berloffa,1 Simone Pisano3 1IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Developmental Psychiatry and Psychopharmacology Unit, Pisa, Italy; 2Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy; 3Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy Background: Although lithium is currently approved for the treatment of bipolar disorders in youth, long term data, are still scant. The aim of this study was to describe the safety and efficacy of lithium in referred bipolar adolescents, who were followed up at the 4th (T1) and 8th (T2) month of treatment.Methods: The design was naturalistic and retrospective, based on a clinical database, including 30 patients (18 males, mean age 14.2±2.1 years).Results: Mean blood level of lithium was 0.69±0.20 mEq/L at T1 and 0.70±0.18 mEq/L at T2. Both Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) and Children Global Assessment Scale (C-GAS) scores improved from baseline (CGI-S 5.7±0.5, C-GAS 35.1±3.7) to T1 (CGI-S 4.2±0.70, C-GAS 46.4±6.5; P

Published
2018

43. The Role of Executive Functions in the Development of Empathy and Its Association with Externalizing Behaviors in Children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders and Other Psychiatric Comorbidities

Author

Antonio Narzisi, Pietro Muratori, Chiara Pfanner, Laura Ruglioni, Emanuela Inguaggiato, Gianluca Sesso, Gabriele Masi, Annarita Milone, Simone Pisano, Paola Cristofani, Pamela Fantozzi, Elena Valente, Lisa Polidori, Chiara Cristofani, Cristofani, Chiara, Sesso, Gianluca, Cristofani, Paola, Fantozzi, Pamela, Inguaggiato, Emanuela, Muratori, Pietro, Narzisi, Antonio, Pfanner, Chiara, Pisano, Simone, Polidori, Lisa, Ruglioni, Laura, Valente, Elena, Masi, Gabriele, and Milone, Annarita

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, autism spectrum disorder, Empathy, Article, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Social cognition, medicine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, empathy, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, media_common, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, executive functions, medicine.disease, Executive functions, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Prosocial behavior, disruptive behavior disorders, Autism spectrum disorder, Autism, Psychology, disruptive behavior disorder, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 050104 developmental & child psychology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Executive functions have been previously shown to correlate with empathic attitudes and prosocial behaviors. People with higher levels of executive functions, as a whole, may better regulate their emotions and reduce perceived distress during the empathetic processes. Our goal was to explore the relationship between empathy and executive functioning in a sample of children and adolescents diagnosed with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder alone or associated with comorbid Disruptive Behavior Disorders and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder. We also aimed to examine the role of empathic dimensions and executive skills in regulating externalizing behaviors. The 151 participants with ADHD were assigned to four groups according to their psychiatric comorbidity (either &ldquo, pure&rdquo, or with ASD and/or ODD/CD) and assessed by means of either parent- or self-reported questionnaires, namely the BRIEF&minus, 2, the BES, and the IRI. No questionnaire was found to discriminate between the four groups. Affective Empathy was found to positively correlate with Emotional and Behavioral Regulation competences. Furthermore, Aggressiveness and Oppositional Defiant Problems were positively associated with Executive Emotional and Behavioral Regulation competences. On the other hand, Rule-Breaking Behaviors and Conduct Problems were negatively associated with Affective Empathy and with Behavioral skills. Our study provides an additional contribution for a better understanding of the complex relationship between empathic competence and executive functions, showing that executive functioning and empathic attitudes interact with each other to regulate aggressive behaviors. This study further corroborates developmental models of empathy and their clinical implications, for which externalizing behaviors could be attenuated by enhancing executive functioning skills.

Published
2020

44. Putative Mechanisms of Action and Clinical Use of Lithium in Children and Adolescents: A Critical Review

Author

Gennaro Catone, Giulia Scrinzi, Giangennaro Coppola, Gabriele Masi, Paramala Santosh, Emilio Clementi, Simone Pisano, Annarita Milone, Marco Pozzi, Carmela Bravaccio, Pisano, Simone, Pozzi, Marco, Catone, Gennaro, Scrinzi, Giulia, Clementi, Emilio, Coppola, Giangennaro, Milone, Annarita, Bravaccio, Carmela, Santosh, Paramala, and Masi, Gabriele

Subjects
adolescents, children, efficacy, lithium, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, safety, Pediatrics, Bipolar Disorder, Lithium (medication), Poison control, Efficacy, 0302 clinical medicine, Antimanic Agents, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), pharmacokinetic, Child, Children, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Clinical Trials as Topic, Age Factors, General Medicine, Adolescents, Lithium, Mechanism of action, Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Adolescent, Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Major, Humans, Lithium Compounds, Psychiatry and Mental health, Neurology, Conduct disorder, Schizophrenia, medicine.drug, medicine.medical_specialty, Young Mania Rating Scale, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Bipolar disorder, Pharmacology, Depressive Disorder, business.industry, Major, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Clinical trial, Neurology (clinical), business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background:Lithium is a first-line treatment for bipolar disorder in adults, but its mechanism of action is still far from clear. Furthermore, evidences of its use in pediatric populations are sparse, not only for bipolar disorders, but also for other possible indications.Objectives:To provide a synthesis of published data on the possible mechanisms of action of lithium, as well as on its use in pediatric samples, including pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety data.Methods:Clinical trials in pediatric samples with at least one standardized measure of efficacy/ effectiveness were included in this review. We considered: i) randomized and open label trials, ii) combination studies iii) augmentation studies iv) case series including at least 5 patients.Results:Different and non-alternative mechanisms of action can explain the clinical efficacy of lithium. Clinical studies in pediatric samples suggest that lithium is effective in managing manic symptoms/episodes of bipolar disorder, both in the acute phase and as maintenance strategy. Efficacy on depressive symptoms/phases of bipolar disorder is much less clear, while studies do not support its use in unipolar depression and severe mood dysregulation. Conversely, it may be effective on aggression in the context of conduct disorder. Other possible indications, with limited published evidence, are the acute attacks in Kleine-Levin syndrome, behavioral symptoms of X-fragile syndrome, and the management of clozapine- or chemotherapy- induced neutropenia. Generally, lithium resulted relatively safe.Conclusions:Lithium seems an effective and well-tolerated medication in pediatric bipolar disorder and aggression, while further evidences are needed for other clinical indications.

Published
2017

45. Update on the safety of second generation antipsychotics in youths: a call for collaboration among paediatricians and child psychiatrists

Author

Maria Pia Riccio, Annarita Milone, Massimo Molteni, Giangennaro Coppola, Stefania Veltri, Gennaro Catone, Valentina Lanzara, Gabriele Masi, Carmela Bravaccio, Emilio Clementi, Raffaella Iuliano, Sonia Radice, Antonella Gritti, Annalisa Capuano, Marco Pozzi, Simone Pisano, Pisano, Simone, Catone, Gennaro, Veltri, Stefania, Lanzara, Valentina, Pozzi, Marco, Clementi, Emilio, Iuliano, Raffaella, Riccio, Maria Pia, Radice, Sonia, Molteni, Massimo, Capuano, Annalisa, Gritti, Antonella, Coppola, Giangennaro, Milone, Annarita, Bravaccio, Carmela, and Masi, Gabriele

Subjects
Adverse event, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Early detection, Review, Adolescents, Weight Gain, Lower risk, Off-label use, Antipsychotic, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Basal Ganglia Diseases, Risk Factors, SAFER, medicine, Antipsychotics, Humans, Medical prescription, Child, Psychiatry, Adverse effect, Children, Dyslipidemias, Child psychiatrists, business.industry, Active monitoring, Off-Label Use, 030227 psychiatry, Long QT Syndrome, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Adverse events, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Drug Monitoring, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Antipsychotic Agents
Abstract

During the past decade, a substantial increase in the use of second generation antipsychotics (SGAs) has occurred for a number of juvenile psychiatric disorders, often as off-label prescriptions. Although they were thought to be safer than older, first generation antipsychotics, mainly due to a lower risk of neurological adverse reactions, recent studies have raised significant concerns regarding their safety regarding metabolic, endocrinological and cardiovascular side effects. Aim of this paper is to update with a narrative review, the latest findings on safety of SGAs in youths. Results suggest that different SGAs may present different safety profiles. Metabolic adverse events are the most frequent and troublesome, with increasing evidences of heightened risk for type II diabetes mellitus. Results are discussed with specific emphasis on possible strategies of an active monitoring, which could enable both paediatricians and child psychiatrists to a possible prevention, early detection, and a timely management of such effects.

Published
2016

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