1. Prognostic factors for low-risk drinking and relapse in alcohol use disorder: A multimodal analysis
- Author
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Angéline Maillard, Alice Laniepce, Shailendra Segobin, Najlaa Lahbairi, Céline Boudehent, François Vabret, Nicolas Cabé, Anne‐Lise Pitel, GIP Cyceron (Cyceron), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Addictologie [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and This study was funded by Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FMR, ING20140129160), ANR-Retour post-doctorant 2010, Conseil Regional Basse Normandie, and MILDECA.
- Subjects
Pharmacology ,cognition ,relapse ,neuroimaging ,Alcohol Drinking ,Ethanol ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Brain ,Treatment outcomes ,Prognosis ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Psychiatry and Mental health ,[SCCO]Cognitive science ,Alcoholism ,Recurrence ,low-risk drinking ,Humans ,Gray Matter ,Alcohol Use Disorder - Abstract
International audience; Aims: To specify the determinants of low-risk alcohol drinking and relapse at different timepoints after detoxification in patients with severe Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD).Methods: Fifty-four AUD patients and 36 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated early inabstinence (T1). They underwent clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging (structuralMRI and 18FDG-PET) investigations.AUD patients were subsequently classified as “low-risk drinkers” (LR) or “relapsers” (R)based on their alcohol drinking at 6 months (T2) and one year (T3) after discharge, using theirmedical record or self-reported drinking estimation at follow-up.Results: Based on the alcohol status at T2 and compared to HC, only R had alexithymia,lower gray matter volume in the midbrain and hypermetabolism in the cerebellum andhippocampi. Based on the alcohol status at T3 and compared to HC, only R had more severenicotinic dependence, lower episodic and working memory performance, lower gray mattervolume in the amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate gyrus, andhypermetabolism in cerebellum, hippocampi and anterior cingulate gyrus. Moreover, R hadbilateral frontal hypometabolism, whereas LR only presented right frontal hypometabolism.Conclusion: Nicotine dependence, memory impairments, and structural brain abnormalitiesin regions involved in impulsivity and decision-making might contribute to a one-yearrelapse. Treatment outcome at one year may also be associated with an imbalance between ahypermetabolism of the limbic system and a hypometabolism of the frontal executive system.Finally, cerebellar hypermetabolism and alexithymia may be determinants of relapse at both 6months and one year.
- Published
- 2022