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Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recherche et Applications en Marketing (Sage Publications Inc.) is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'échelle des Sentiments Sur l'École (SSE), traduite et enrichie du Feelings about School (FAS : Valeski & Stipek, 2001), permet de disposer d'un outil d'évaluation efficient et écologique de l'épanouissement du jeune élève en zone francophone. L'échelle se fonde sur la théorie des processus auto-systémiques, soit sur la satisfaction des besoins psychologiques fondamentaux de l'élève : se sentir compétent, autonome et en relation avec autrui. Dans sa version originale, le FAS distingue quatre dimensions du vécu de l'élève : sa relation avec son enseignant (F1), ses compétences en littératie (F2), son appréhension globale de l'école (F3) et ses compétences en mathématiques (F4). Notre validation du SSE auprès de 494 enfants remplit trois objectifs : s'assurer de la fiabilité de notre traduction du FAS, tester sa validité de construit sur une cohorte incluant des individus plus âgés (6 à 11 ans) que lors de validation du FAS et l'enrichir d'une dimension sur le sentiment de compétence à l'égard de la pratique artistique. Une analyse factorielle exploratoire (AFE), une analyse factorielle confirmatoire (AFC) puis une ANOVA ont été conduites. L'AFE a fait apparaître les cinq facteurs attendus (c.-à-d., les facteurs originels du FAS et le facteur additionnel relatif à l'art). L'AFC a permis de confirmer la fiabilité du SSE. L'ANOVA a révélé un score plus faible au SSE chez les élèves plus âgés (c.-à-d., CM2). Prometteur en terme d'applicabilité, cet outil est destiné aux chercheurs ou cliniciens afin d'appréhender les multiples facettes de l'épanouissement de l'enfant scolarisé. The lack of an efficient and ecological tool to assess the development of young students in the French-speaking areas has led to considering the adaptation of Feelings about School (FAS: Valeski & Stipek, 2001) and its enrichment within the French scale of Feelings at School (SSE). This scale is founded on the theory of self-systemic processes, namely on students basic psychological needs' satisfaction: feeling competent, autonomous and in relation. The FAS distinguishes four dimensions of the schoolchild's experience: his relationship with his teacher (F1), his literacy skills (F2), his overall apprehensiveness of school (F3) and his mathematical skills (F4). Our validation of the internal consistency of the SSE with 494 children fulfills three objectives: to ensure the reliability of our translation of the FAS, to test its validity on a cohort including older individuals (6 to 11 years old) in an enriched version, capturing the artistic component. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA), a confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) and an ANOVA were conducted with the collected data. The EFA revealed the five expected factors (i.e., the four original FAS factors and the additional factor on art skills). The CFA then confirmed the reliability of the SSE. The ANOVA revealed a lower score at the SSE for older students (i.e., fifth graders). Promising for applicability, this validated and enriched French tool is intended to be used in scientific research, or in clinical practice, notably by educational psychologists, in order to apprehend the multiple facets of the development of schoolchildren. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of a high aperture near-infrared cross-dispersion echelle-spectrometer is presented for greenhouse gases remote measurements from space. This task is of a global nature, industrial and household emissions are anthropogenic sources of greenhouse-gas emissions. In recent years, average levels of carbon (CO2) and methane (CH4) have continued to increase, reaching levels of 410 ppm and 1877 ppb, respectively, to date. Obtaining objective information about the state of the carbon balance in the atmosphere is possible only with the use of space-based instruments. The Driada instrument consists of three channels. The main one is a high-resolution spectrometer for the 1.4- to 1.67-μm wavelength range and is designed to measure CO2 absorption lines at 1.58 and 1.6 μm, CH4 lines at 1.65 μm, and a number of H2O lines. Two additional channels are designed to measure the O2 band at 0.76 μm and aerosol characterization. The scientific tasks and key parameters of the main infrared channel are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'ikigai, concept originaire du Japon, s'apparente à la raison d'être et s'est révélé être impliqué dans de nombreuses études liées à la santé physique et mentale. Il ne commence que très récemment à être utilisé dans les études occidentales, par le biais du questionnaire Ikigai-9, développé au Japon. L'objectif de notre étude est la validation française de l'Ikigai-9. Une analyse factorielle exploratoire sur 170 participants a donné lieu à une structure Ikigai-9 à trois dimensions : « attitudes envers l'avenir », « reconnaissance de sa propre existence » et « émotions envers la vie ». Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire sur un échantillon indépendant de 1205 participants nous permet de basculer un item vers la dimension appropriée. Les indices de fiabilité interne des trois dimensions confirment la validation française de l'Ikigai-9. La version française de l'Ikigai-9 permet de réaliser des études interculturelles à plus grande échelle et d'approfondir la compréhension du concept d'Ikigai en zone francophone. Ikigai, a concept originating in Japan, is related to life purpose and has been found to be involved in many studies related to physical and mental health. It is only very recently that it has started to be used in Western studies, through the Ikigai-9 questionnaire, developed in Japan. The objective of our study is the French validation of the Ikigai-9. An exploratory factor analysis on 170 participants resulted in a three-factor structure of the Ikigai-9: "attitudes toward the future", "acknowledgement of one's own existence" and "emotions toward life". A confirmatory factor analysis on an independent sample of 1205 participants allows us to switch an item to the appropriate dimension. The internal reliability indices of the three dimensions confirm the French validation of the Ikigai-9. The French version of the Ikigai-9 allows for larger-scale cross-cultural studies and a better understanding of the concept of Ikigai in Western geographical areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Le présent article tient compte des questions d'échelle et d'amplitude dans la trilogie Paysages manufacturés (Manufactured Landscape , 2006), L'empreinte de l'eau (Watermark , 2013) et Anthropocène : l'époque humaine (Anthropocene: The Human Epoch , 2018), qui est le fruit d'une collaboration productive et provocative entre la documentariste Jennifer Baichwal et le photographe paysagiste de renommée internationale Edward Burtynsky. Les trois films participent fortement à ce qui a été qualifié d'imagerie sublime « toxique » ou « industrielle » des photos grand format de Burtynsky et décrit à la fois d'immersif, de poétique et de lent. Par l'exploration des diverses évocations d'échelles et d'amplitudes dans la trilogie, qui sont des préoccupations au cœur de l'œuvre photographique de Burtynsky, l'article s'attaque à l'intervalle géologique qu'on appelle l'anthropocène et à son adoption embourbée dans le dernier film de la trilogie. Plutôt qu'accepter sans problème « la thèse anthropocène » telle qu'elle est définie et visualisée dans L'époque humaine , l'article épouse—conformément aux critiques du terme—un point de vue plus nuancé de ce que cette définition permet et dissimule à l'égard de la production et des politiques de la culture visuelle de ces films. This article considers questions of scale and magnitude in relation to the trilogy of films— Manufactured Landscapes (2006), Watermark (2013), and Anthropocene: The Human Epoch (2018) — that constitute a productive and provocative collaboration between the documentary filmmaker Jennifer Baichwal and the internationally renowned landscape photographer Edward Burtynsky. All three films are powerfully implicated in what has been called the "toxic" or "industrial" sublime imagery of Burtynsky's large-scale photographs and are variously described as immersive, poetic, and slow. Exploring the various ways in which the trilogy invokes issues of scale and magnitude, preoccupations at the heart of Burtynsky's photographic oeuvre, the article engages with debates related to the geological time interval known as the Anthropocene and its mired adoption as the framework for the final film. Rather than accept unproblematically "the Anthropocene thesis" as it gets defined and visualized in The Human Epoch , it considers—from critics of the term—a more nuanced view of what this label enables and obscures with respect to the production and politics of these films' visual culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environnement, Risques & Santé is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'objectif de cette étude était de présenter les propriétés psychométriques de l'Échelle de Distorsions Cognitives pour Adultes (EDC-A) ainsi que de repérer les distorsions cognitives mesurées par cette échelle et associées au niveau d'anxiété et de dépression. Notre étude a été menée auprès de 916 personnes (18–85 ans) issues de la population générale. Les participants ont répondu à l'EDC-A et à la Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). L'EDC-A présente une structure factorielle cohérente et chaque sous-dimension des distorsions obtient des alphas de Cronbach supérieurs à.65. L'anxiété et la dépression sont liées à la présence de distorsions cognitives dans le raisonnement. Les sujets dépressifs ont un répertoire de distorsions cognitives plus large que les anxieux. L'EDC-A a permis de repérer des différences dans le traitement de l'information entre l'anxiété et la dépression. La dépression est liée à un traitement biaisé global des informations négatives mais aussi positives, tandis que l'anxiété est liée à un traitement biaisé uniquement des informations négatives. Cognitive distortions contribute to the maintenance of inappropriate cognitive schemas and play a role in the emergence of pathologies such as anxiety and depression. We developed the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults in order to identify distortions in individuals' reasoning. The main objectives of this study were: (1) to study the psychometric properties of the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults, (2) to identify cognitive distortions associated with anxiety and depression in the general population. The study involved 916 participants (151 men and 765 women) aged 18 to 85-years. The participants completed the Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults. The tool presents 42 mini scenarios with a daily life situation and a proposition concerning a cognitive distortion. Participants must give their degree of agreement (0 to 10) with this one. Seven cognitive distortions are operationalized (dichotomous reasoning, disqualification of one of the poles, arbitrary focusing, omission of the neutral, requalification in the other pole, maximization and minimization). They also completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Both scales were available online on the Internet. The total duration of the test was approximately 10 minutes. A group of 35 participants completed the two scale 15 days apart. The sub-dimensions of EDC-A obtain Cronbach alphas higher than.65 and EDC-A has a coherent factor structure. The scale has good temporal stability. Anxiety is predicted by dichotomous reasoning, disqualification of one of the poles, arbitrary focusing and maximization. Depression is predicted by dichotomous reasoning, arbitrary focusing, omission of the neutral and requalification in the other pole. Anxiety and depression are associated with negative cognitive distortions in reasoning. However, depression is also associated with positive cognitive distortions. Subjects with depression produce more varied cognitive distortions than subjects with anxiety. The Cognitive Distortion Scale for Adults shows promising psychometric properties. Further studies will need to be conducted to confirm these results. Anxiety would be related to biased information treatment of negative information, whereas depression would be related to more comprehensive biased information treatment, both negative and positive information. Anxiety would be related to suboptimal functioning of reasoning abilities; depression would be more characterized by a structural deficit of reasoning abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission instrument suite includes an ultraviolet echelle spectrograph with high‐spectral resolution designed to resolve D and H Lyman‐α emissions. The high‐spectral resolution mode was previously characterized in the lab and in the cruise phase to Mars and had been calibrated using observations and models of interplanetary hydrogen Lyman‐α emissions. This work presents improved characterizations of the high‐spectral resolution mode using in‐orbit observations that allow for more robust detections of the faint D Lyman‐α emission line. Additionally, the instrument was re‐calibrated using simultaneous and comparable observations made with the Hubble Space Telescope high‐spectral resolution instrument. Comparisons to Lyman‐α observations made with the low‐resolution UV channel on the spectrometer, that had been calibrated with stars, showed consistency in the brightness values for measurements obtained at similar observational conditions. The combined upgrades to the faint‐emission fitting and new calibration techniques of the MAVEN echelle channel have resulted in an improved data‐reduction pipeline with favorable implications for the science utility of D and H Lyman‐α emissions. Plain Language Summary: The MAVEN high resolution echelle (ECH) instrument has been used to observe ultraviolet emissions from Mars. Measurements made with MAVEN/ECH were made available to the public by using a data reduction pipeline that had been developed with in‐lab and theoretical analysis to convert observations into a form that was useable by the broader scientific community. Since MAVEN's orbit insertion in 2014, the ECH detector has been better characterized with lessons learned from in‐orbit performance. These improvements produced a new data reduction pipeline that has enhanced the detection of faint D Lyman‐α emissions that are critical to interpreting water loss from the upper atmosphere of Mars. Key Points: MAVEN/ECH uses HST/STIS, the only other UV echelle instrument deployed to space, for calibration and independent verificationThe MAVEN/ECH data reduction algorithm has been upgraded to improve detection of faint D Lyman‐α emissionsThe scientific implications of this work include doubling the previous data set of D measurements available for reliable interpretation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Social Anthropology / Anthropologie Sociale is the property of Berghahn Books and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission instrument suite includes an ultraviolet echelle spectrograph with high‐spectral resolution designed to resolve D and H Lyman‐α emissions. The high‐spectral resolution mode was previously characterized in the lab and in the cruise phase to Mars and had been calibrated using observations and models of interplanetary hydrogen Lyman‐α emissions. This work presents improved characterizations of the high‐spectral resolution mode using in‐orbit observations that allow for more robust detections of the faint D Lyman‐α emission line. Additionally, the instrument was re‐calibrated using simultaneous and comparable observations made with the Hubble Space Telescope high‐spectral resolution instrument. Comparisons to Lyman‐α observations made with the low‐resolution UV channel on the spectrometer, that had been calibrated with stars, showed consistency in the brightness values for measurements obtained at similar observational conditions. The combined upgrades to the faint‐emission fitting and new calibration techniques of the MAVEN echelle channel have resulted in an improved data‐reduction pipeline with favorable implications for the science utility of D and H Lyman‐α emissions.

The Coastal Dune Model, used to examine controls on dune development and evolution, includes negative feedback between the wind and the evolving topography that results in a scale‐invariant beach‐dune profile. While a limited number of reference profiles appear to support the Coastal Dune Model assumption of scale‐invariance, previously published studies and conceptual models suggest that the beach‐dune profile is not scale‐invariant. Using a combination of journal articles, textbooks, and remotely sensed data from Prince Edward Island, Washington state, and Texas, this short communication finds that there is no evidence for a scale‐invariant beach‐dune profile within and between field sites. Variability in the beach‐dune profile is due to site‐specific and scale‐dependent controls on the beach and the dune that are often highlighted in the conceptual models that authors use to depict the controls on sediment supply and transport from the beach to the dune. Results highlight a need to critically evaluate the assumptions and applications of models such as the Coastal Dune Model, and to explore how and when sites can be considered representative and in support of model results. Key Messages: There is no scale‐invariant beach‐dune profile as assumed in recent models.Beach‐dune profiles vary in response to site‐specific and scale‐dependent controls on sediment supply and transport.Further study is required to determine how and when sites can be considered representative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African & Mediterranean Journal of Architecture & Urbanism (AMJAU) is the property of Ecole Nationale d'Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a topical issue due to the increase in armed conflicts and terrorist attacks in recent decades. The PCL-5 scale is used to screen and monitor patients with PTSD. The aim of our work was to validate a literary Arabic version of this scale on a population of Tunisian soldiers. Methods: the translation of the PCL-5 scale into Tunisian literary Arabic was performed according to the back-translation technique described by Werner and Campbell and recommended by Brislin. Cross-cultural validation was conducted in 7 steps according to Vallerand's method. Data collection was conducted at the psychiatry department of the Military Hospital of Tunis from February 2019 to December 2020. Results: we recruited 300 military personnel, 150 of whom were followed for PTSD. Cronbach's alpha was 0.98 indicating good internal consistency. The study of inter-item correlations revealed a total Spearman index of 0.75. This index indicates a good homogeneity of the translated scale items. Construct validity was checked using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index (K-M-O) and Bartlett's test of sphericity. The latter was significant (p<0.000), and the K-M-O index was 0.969, indicating that the correlations between the items were of good quality. Conclusion: our study showed that the Arabic version of the PCL-5 scale has satisfactory psychometric properties comparable to those of the original version. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

LostInZoom is a new research project that will seek to design novel ways of zooming into multi-scale maps, to overcome the desert fog effect that occurs with current multi-scale cartography techniques. The desert fog effect makes you feel lost for a few seconds after a zoom in or out, because the map has changed. The idea developed in this project is to propose anchor-based zooming techniques, where salient landmarks salient at multiple scales serve as anchors between maps during the zoom. This paper discusses the main challenges that will be addressed in this project: (1) better understand and measure the desert fog effect with maps; (2) defining and modelling the best anchors for anchor-based zooming; (3) designing more progressive multi-scale maps to host these anchors; (4) designing staged animations based on anchors between maps at different scales. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

L'objectif de cette étude était de valider une version française de l'échelle de satisfaction sexuelle. Un total de 646 participants, 468 femmes et 178 hommes âgés en moyenne de 35,18 ans (ET: 13,77), ont rempli en ligne 3 questionnaires: l'échelle de satisfaction sexuelle (Comeau & Boisvert, 1985), l'échelle d'évaluation de l'anxiété et de la dépression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS) et l'échelle d'ajustement dyadique à 16 items (Dyadic Adjustment Scale-16, DAS-16). L'analyse de la distribution des items, les corrélations inter-items et items-score total ainsi que l'analyse hiérarchique des facteurs obliques ont conduit à l'exclusion de 6 items. Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire de cette version à 19 items a montré des indicateurs satisfaisants (RMSEA = 0,012 ; SRMR = 0,065 ; CFI = 0,999 ; TLI = 0,999 ; GFI = 0,99) et l'alpha de Cronbach est de 0,96. L'échelle mesure un facteur général de satisfaction sexuelle. Cette étude a permis d'obtenir une version française de l'échelle de satisfaction sexuelle en 19 items proposant ainsi une mesure auto-rapportée valide et fiable de la satisfaction sexuelle. Les résultats ont été discutés à la lumière de leurs implications cliniques et scientifiques. The objective of this study was to validate a French version of the Index of Sexual Satisfaction. This unidimensional scale, the most widely used in international studies, evaluates sexual satisfaction in the context of couple relationships. A total of 646 participants, 468 women and 178 men with an average age of 35.18 years old (SD: 13.77), completed 3 questionnaires: the French version of the Index Sexual Satisfaction (Comeau & Boisvert, 1985), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS) and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale-16 (DAS-16) online. Analyses were conducted in three stages: (1) descriptive, correlational and exploratory factorial analyses to verify the properties of the items; (2) confirmatory analyses to confirm the version obtained; and (3) concurrent validity analysis. The analysis of the distribution of the items, the inter-item and item-total correlations, and the hierarchical oblique factor analysis led to the exclusion of 6 items. Confirmatory factor analysis of this 19-item version showed satisfactory indicators (RMSEA = 0.012; SRMR = 0.065; CFI = 0.999; TLI = 0.999; GFI = 0.99) and Cronbach's alpha is 0.96. The results revealed that men are more sexually dissatisfied. The ISS-19 score is moderately and positively correlated with age and length of relationship. Finally, the correlations showed that depression is associated with a decrease in sexual satisfaction while the quality of interactions is associated with an increase in sexual satisfaction. The scale measures a general factor of sexual satisfaction. This study provided a 19-item French version of the Index of Sexual Satisfaction, providing a valid and reliable self-reported measure of sexual satisfaction. The results were discussed in light of their clinical and scientific implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Le présent article cherche à ériger le format, qui est inhérent à la forme modalisée par l’espace et le modalisant en retour, en catégorie d’analyse. Il s’agit de décrire les manifestations du format : la taille (maxi et mini, macro et micro), le volume, la masse et le poids. L’attention se porte sur les (dis)proportions et les changements d’échelle ainsi que sur les effets produits sur une instance non seulement perceptivo-cognitive, mais sensible. Plus particulièrement, l’article s’interroge sur le sublime, sur le kitsch et sur le monstrueux, en dégageant un soubassement axiologique, en fonction d’esthétiques spécifiques.

This article is a positional paper and an ontological contribution to the modelling of socio-ecosystems (SES). It is also an epistemic position that is anchored on the object-oriented approach. We thus propose a model of knowledge organisation that allows more complexity to be integrated into the multidisciplinary deconstruction and analysis of SES. This object-oriented ontological proposal is based on six concepts of high abstraction level allowing a transdisciplinary portability around the structures, functions, connections, phases, scales and adaptations of SES. After defining our position on object-oriented spatiotemporal modelling, we present the six concepts and explain the interest of a top level, object-oriented, ontology for SES to conclude on the perspectives of knowledge organisation that extends our proposal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recherches en Sciences de Gestion is the property of ISEOR and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Dans les situations de polyhandicap, l'intrication complexe de déficiences multiples complique l'évaluation des compétences cognitives. Le P2CJP, échelle d'évaluation cognitive dédiée aux enfants et adolescents polyhandicapés, a été révisé sous le nom d'ECP (Évaluation-Cognition-Polyhandicap ; 2017) pour permettre son administration à tout âge, pour un bilan psychologique ; pour concevoir des aides adaptées et en évaluer les effets. Cet article présente la méthodologie de validation de l'échelle et particulièrement l'approche qualitative complétant la validation statistique de l'outil, ceci, dans le cadre d'une recherche participative. L'analyse qualitative a permis d'évaluer l'ergonomie de l'outil, d'en comprendre son utilisation et ses effets. Suivant les stades de validation de l'outil, l'analyse qualitative de l'expérience des utilisateurs de l'échelle a permis de modifier la forme et le fond de l'outil. Il est alors important de continuer à faire évoluer cette échelle dans une interaction féconde entre utilisateurs et chercheurs. Setting up a personalised project for any person with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities (PIMD) requires an evaluation of their cognitive skills. Nevertheless an international literature review highlights: a lack of adequate tools for evaluation of the cognitive skills of people with PIMD; the need to create standardised protocols. In 2009, Scelles et al. proposed the P2CJP–Profil de Compétences Cognitives du Jeune Polyhandicapé. This tool was designed for children up to 14 years of age. In 2017, this scale has been revised and extended to the adults, and called ECP (Evaluation-Cognition-PIMD). To elaborate and validate this tool, a statistical methodology has been combined with a qualitative process close to professionals and parents. The aim was to assess the relevance and the ergonomic of the ECP, the comprehension of items, the facility of use, the guideline and at least the effects regarding the practice. The qualitative analyse of user backgrounds, at all validation stages, let adapt the ECP as well on the content as on the form. This work reveals the necessity to continue to adapt the ECP through interactions between users and searchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Criterio Libre is the property of Revista Criterio Libre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Mesure et Évaluation en Éducation is the property of ADMEE-Canada and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Orality is an essential axis in the care of severely premature children. Therefore, the quality of breastfeeding for bottle-fed children is one of our main concerns with regard to the food empowerment process. The observation of the skills necessary to the sucking/swallowing/breathing coordination can help when picking the feeding strategy adapted to the maturation of the premature newborn. We did not find a clinical tool for this assessment. The objective of this study was to create a behavioral observation scale and prove its reproducibility in intra and inter-observer time. We carried out a prospective monocentric study including children born before 33 weeks of strict amenorrhea (N =65). The inter-observer reliability tests have resulted in an excellent agreement between healthcare professionals (Kappa coefficient of 97%). The scale seems very reproducible and can be used to identify the skills of newborns and allow the evaluation of the quality of bottle-feeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selon la Théorie des styles de réponses, les individus auraient recours à deux types de réponses à l'état dépressif : la rumination mentale et la distraction. Notre étude aura pour objectif principal de valider en langue française la Children's Response Styles Scale , échelle évaluant ces deux processus chez des enfants de 8 à 11 ans. Elle visera également à déterminer les liens des scores aux sous-échelles avec le sexe des participants et l'intensité de leur symptomatologie dépressive. Afin de procéder à la validation de la Children's Response Styles Scale , nous l'avons traduite et administrée avec la Children's Engagement Scale et l'Inventaire de dépression pour enfants à un total de 144 enfants de 8 à 11 ans (moyenne = 9,48 ; écart-type = 1,06). Nos analyses mettent en évidence une structure factorielle en deux dimensions, avec une cohérence interne satisfaisante pour la sous-échelle rumination (α = 0,78 ; ω = 0,78) et excellente pour la sous-échelle distraction (α = 0,85 ; ω = 0,85). De plus, nous pouvons distinguer une plus grande propension à la rumination chez les filles, une absence de différence entre les deux sexes en ce qui concerne la distraction, une corrélation positive entre rumination et dépression, ainsi qu'une absence de corrélation entre distraction et dépression. La version française de la Children's Response Styles Scale semble être une échelle valide et adéquate permettant de mesurer le recours à la rumination et la distraction chez les enfants. According to the Response Styles Theory, people respond to a depressive state with two types of processes: mental rumination and distraction. The main objective of our study was be to validate in French the Children's Response Styles Scale. Moreover, it also aimed to determine the associations of rumination and distraction with the gender of the participants and the intensity of their depressive symptoms. In order to validate the Children's Response Styles Scale, we translated and administrated it with the Children's Engagement Scale and the Children's Depression Inventory to a total of 144 children aged 8 to 11 years old (mean = 9.48; standard-deviation = 1.06) Our statistical analyses brought out a two-dimensional factor structure, with a satisfactory internal consistency for the subscale rumination (α = 0.78; ω = 0.78) and an excellent one for the subscale distraction (α = 0.85; ω = 0.85). Furthermore, we could distinguish a greater propensity to rumination in girls, an absence of difference between the two sexes in regard to distraction, a positive correlation between rumination and depression, as well as an absence of correlation between distraction and depression. The French version of the Children's Response Styles Scale seems to be a valid and adequate scale for measuring the use of rumination and distraction in school-aged children. Moreover, our results reinforce the data previously collected in English-speaking countries and highlight the correlations between rumination and depressive symptoms, themes still little explored together in French children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Plusieurs étudiants de cycles supérieurs rencontrent des défis dans leur cheminement scolaire pour lesquels ils consultent des services de soutien à l’université. Cette étude a d’abord pour but de réaliser une recension des principales difficultés rencontrées. Une classification de ces dernières, par analyse de contenu, en dégage neuf thèmes. À partir de cette classification préliminaire, l’Échelle d’évaluation des difficultés aux études de cycles supérieurs (EDECS) a été construite à l’intention des services de soutien. L’analyse factorielle exploratoire de l’EDECS auprès de 500 étudiants a regroupé les neuf thèmes de difficultés en quatre sous-échelles, modifiant ainsi la première classification. La stabilité temporelle de l’EDECS a été évaluée grâce à la méthode du test-retest auprès de 188 des participants. Diverses preuves de validité (contenu, structure interne et corrélation entre variables) ont été obtenues. La conclusion offre des suggestions pour l’utilisation de l’EDECS par les services de soutien aux étudiants et discute des considérations cliniques.

Academic satisfaction has been studied from different perspectives that considerate distinct ways of measurement. However, the plurality of evaluated facets prevents a more parsimonious assessment of the general students' academic satisfaction. In the article, we aimed to provide psychometric evidence of the validity and reliability for the AMSS in Brazil in two studies (N = 893). In Study 1, an exploratory factor analysis and item parameters (Item Response Theory) support the one-factor solution and the suitability of the six items. Moreover, evidence for factorial invariance across gender and convergent validity with the PANAS and with the SWLS was also presented in Study 2. In conclusion, the present paper provides evidence of the adequacy of the AMSS to evaluate global satisfaction with the academics course in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revue des Sciences de l'Education is the property of Revue des Sciences de l'Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revue Universitaire des Sciences Humaines et Sociales is the property of University of Kasdi Merbah Ouargla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The prevalence of memory disorders in adulthood requires sensitive, specific and quick administration screenings instruments for the detection of cognitive impairment. Objective: To establish the validation of EDO, a brief questionnaire to be completed by the patient's informant, which serves to detect subjects with mild cognitive impairment. It is an instrument that can be administered in a simple manner and has the advantage of not needing the presence of the patient. The questionnaire has 10 quick response questions to be used in the clinic. Methods: 44 patients with mild cognitive impairment and 40 normal controls matched by age and educational level were evaluated with EDO and with an extensive Neuropsychological Battery. Results: Groups differed significantly in the EDO, MMSE (p <.001), CDR (p <.001) and RAVLT (p <.001). The EDO showed a significant correlation with the CDR (r = .524, p < .001), with RAVLT (r = -.551, p < .001) and with the FAQ (r = .705; p < .001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.835 and a cut-off score of 4 had a sensitivity of 0.75 and specificity of 0.78 to detect mild cognitive impairment. Conclusions: EDO is a fast and easy administration instrument with adequate psychometric properties to be used in MCI detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Douleur et Analgésie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is commonly believed in the literature that smooth curves, such as circles, are not fractal, and only non-smooth curves, such as coastlines, are fractal. However, this article demonstrates that a smooth curve can be fractal, under a new, relaxed, third definition of fractal – a set or pattern is fractal if the scaling of far more small things than large ones recurs at least twice. The scaling can be rephrased as a hierarchy, consisting of numerous smallest, a very few largest, and some in between the smallest and the largest. The logarithmic spiral, as a smooth curve, is apparently fractal because it bears the self-similarity property, or the scaling of far more small squares than large ones recurs multiple times, or the scaling of far more small bends than large ones recurs multiple times. A half-circle or half-ellipse and the UK coastline (before or after smooth processing) are fractal if the scaling of far more small bends than large ones recurs at least twice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy recently has been investigated for analysis of nuclear waste glass for uranium quantification. The initial obtained accuracy and precision was ~15%. In this paper, we have compared the analytical merit of the univariative and multivariative PLSR regression models for the determination of U in barium borosilicate simulated waste glass containing significant amount of U. The analytical merit of a Czerny-Turner spectrograph with high spectral resolution and Echelle spectrograph with broadband spectrum recording capacity were compared using spectra simultaneously record from the same plasma. For univariative calibration the superiority of Czerny-Turner spectrograph over the Echelle has been demonstrated here. Multivariative chemometric PLSR model was found to drastically improve the results. It was also observed that selection of spectral window for analysis significantly affects the analytical merit of multivariative analysis. Echelle though shows relatively inferior analytical merit, but by applying Analytical spectral dependant PLSR in Echelle spectra, a much higher degree of improvement was observed. Using ASD-PLSR and Czerny-Turner spectrograph generated spectra an accuracy and precision of 2–2.5% was achieved in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By incorporating the consideration of local issues, local value creation (LVC) creates value for local stakeholders, favoring local industry, local economic activity, and local availability of materials, services, and skills. The purpose of this study is to understand how local values in forest management could be framed and defined within the French forest management context and to explore how the process of LVC could be modeled. Therefore, in this study, we propose a meta-model that can be applied to ecosystem services provided by forests, enhancing the importance of the local context. Also, we introduce the concept of value creation, its connection with forest management, and the pivotal role of stakeholders in value definition. Finally, the way in which this generic conceptual model of the LVC can be applied to the forest management system in France is presented and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Atmospheric Chemistry Suite (ACS) package is an element of the Russian contribution to the ESA-Roscosmos ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) mission. ACS consists of three separate infrared spectrometers, sharing common mechanical, electrical, and thermal interfaces. This ensemble of spectrometers has been designed and developed in response to the Trace Gas Orbiter mission objectives that specifically address the requirement of high sensitivity instruments to enable the unambiguous detection of trace gases of potential geophysical or biological interest. For this reason, ACS embarks a set of instruments achieving simultaneously very high accuracy (ppt level), very high resolving power (>10,000) and large spectral coverage (0.7 to 17 μm—the visible to thermal infrared range). The near-infrared (NIR) channel is a versatile spectrometer covering the 0.7–1.6 μm spectral range with a resolving power of ∼20,000. NIR employs the combination of an echelle grating with an AOTF (Acousto-Optical Tunable Filter) as diffraction order selector. This channel will be mainly operated in solar occultation and nadir, and can also perform limb observations. The scientific goals of NIR are the measurements of water vapor, aerosols, and dayside or night side airglows. The mid-infrared (MIR) channel is a cross-dispersion echelle instrument dedicated to solar occultation measurements in the 2.2–4.4 μm range. MIR achieves a resolving power of >50,000. It has been designed to accomplish the most sensitive measurements ever of the trace gases present in the Martian atmosphere. The thermal-infrared channel (TIRVIM) is a 2-inch double pendulum Fourier-transform spectrometer encompassing the spectral range of 1.7–17 μm with apodized resolution varying from 0.2 to 1.3 cm−1. TIRVIM is primarily dedicated to profiling temperature from the surface up to ∼60 km and to monitor aerosol abundance in nadir. TIRVIM also has a limb and solar occultation capability. The technical concept of the instrument, its accommodation on the spacecraft, the optical designs as well as some of the calibrations, and the expected performances for its three channels are described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Médecine et Santé Tropicales is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)