1. The role of allogeneic transplant for adult Ph+ ALL in CR1 with complete molecular remission: a retrospective analysis
- Author
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Armin Ghobadi, Michael Slade, Hagop Kantarjian, Julio Alvarenga, Ibrahim Aldoss, Kahee A. Mohammed, Elias Jabbour, Rawan Faramand, Bijal Shah, Frederick Locke, Warren Fingrut, Jae H. Park, Nicholas J. Short, Feng Gao, Geoffrey L. Uy, Peter Westervelt, John F. DiPersio, Richard E. Champlin, Monzr M. Al Malki, Farhad Ravandi, and Partow Kebriaei
- Subjects
Adult ,Remission Induction ,Immunology ,Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ,Cell Biology ,Hematology ,Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ,Biochemistry ,Recurrence ,Acute Disease ,Receptors, Complement 3b ,Humans ,Transplantation, Homologous ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
Historically, Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been associated with poor outcomes, and allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is recommended in first complete remission (CR1). However, in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era, rapid attainment of a complete molecular remission (CMR) is associated with excellent outcomes without allo-HCT, suggesting transplant may not be required for these patients. To test this hypothesis, we retrospectively identified adult patients with Ph+ ALL treated with induction therapy, including TKIs, and attained CMR within 90 days of diagnosis at 5 transplant centers in the United States. We compared outcomes of those who did and did not receive allo-HCT in first remission. We identified 230 patients (allo-HCT: 98; non-HCT: 132). The allo-HCT cohort was younger with better performance status. On multivariable analysis (MVA), allo-HCT was not associated with improved overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.05; 95% CI, 0.63-1.73) or relapse-free survival (aHR: 0.86; 95% CI, 0.54-1.37) compared with non-HCT treatment. Allo-HCT was associated with a lower cumulative incidence of relapse (aHR: 0.32; 95% CI, 0.17-0.62) but higher non-relapse mortality (aHR: 2.59; 95% CI, 1.37-4.89). Propensity score matching analysis confirmed results of MVA. Comparison of reduced-intensity HCT to non-HCT showed no statistically significant difference in any of the above endpoints. In conclusion, adult patients with Ph+ ALL who achieved CMR within 90 days of starting treatment did not derive a survival benefit from allo-HCT in CR1 in this retrospective study.
- Published
- 2022