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Background: Because of the rapidly rising cultural diversity, the ability to recognize cultural diversity is extremely important to all healthcare professionals, especially to nurses. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the cultural sensitivity of nurses in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess cultural sensitivity and associated factors among nurses working at Jimma Medical Center, Oromia Regional State, Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: Health-facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 244 nurses selected by simple random sampling from May 20th to June 20th, 2020. A structured, self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed using Statistical Product and Service Solution Version 26.0. Bivariate binary logistic regression analyses were used to select variables for the final model. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with cultural sensitivity. Statistical significance was declared at 0.05, and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% CI was used to report significant covariates. Results: Out of the total sample, 236 nurses participated in this study, giving a response rate of 96.72%. Nurses who were culturally sensitive while delivering routine nursing services were found to be 40.3% (95% CI (34.3, 46.6)). Level of education ([AOR (95% CI)], [4.846 (1.188, 19.773)]), interpersonal communication ([AOR (95% CI)], [4.749 (1.334, 16.909)]), and intercultural communication ([AOR (95% CI)], [51.874 (13.768, 195.45)]) were positively and significantly associated with the cultural sensitivity of nurses. Conclusion: Cultural sensitivity is found to be low in the study area. Increasing level of education, effective interpersonal communication abilities, and intercultural communication abilities positively predict cultural sensitivity of nurses. It is helpful for nurses to improve their knowledge of transcultural nursing theories and cultural understanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the United States, African American (AA) women suffer from higher rates of obesity as compared with Caucasians or Asians. Unfortunately, most weight management interventions have been unsuccessful in maintaining weight loss. Prior research has revealed that AA women face unique barriers in managing obesity; therefore, more research is warranted to address this problem. Leininger's theory is used to understand obesity through a cultural lens. The constructs of the sunrise model are defined as a means to intervene when providing nursing care through cultural preservation, accommodation, and repatterning. We conclude that culture care theory offers a theoretical framework to assist nurses in providing culturally sensitive care to Black women with obesity. Nurses caring for this population can utilize this theory to tailor interventions specific to the cultural needs of women to improve outcomes in the management of obesity. In this article, we use AA and Black interchangeably to represent Americans whose ancestors originate from Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: It is aimed to raise awareness about the science of nursing for women's health and the use of nursing theories and models in research by reviewing the studies using theories or models in postpartum care. Data sources: The data of the study were obtained by searching YÖK National Thesis Center, EBSCOhost, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane, and ScienceDirect databases. Reviewed studies were analyzed in terms of the type of research, sample characteristics, purpose, the field of use of theory and model in the research, and research results. Conclusions: As a result of the review, it was noted that in the studies, Orem's Self‐Care Deficit Nursing Theory/Model (n = 9), Roy's Adaptation Theory (n = 7), and Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort (n = 7) were the most used theories, theories and models were not used in a systematic structure at every stage of the research, and positive outcomes were obtained with the theory and model‐based nursing interventions. Implications for nursing practice: The application of theory and model in postpartum care can be chosen by nurses as it improves patient outcomes. Furthermore, the use of theories and models in research to develop nursing knowledge will benefit nursing science while increasing professional autonomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Educators require focused training to foster the development of intercultural competence in nurses. Training programs for educators need to be based on a comprehensive profile with a focus on intercultural learning. This study aims to define and validate a profile of the Intercultural Nursing Educator (INE). Method: The Delphi method was used with an iterative, multi-stage process to transform opinions into group consensus. A total of 46 European, African, and American experts from the nursing and intercultural field participated. Inclusion criteria required English at a level of B2, expertise in the field of intercultural competence, experience in teaching intercultural competence in the nursing context, and publications focused on intercultural topics. Results: The INE profile was developed and all 126 competencies were validated. Discussion and conclusion: The profile is freely available on the project website and provides the basis for curricula, training programs and assessment of the required competences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why you should read this article: • To understand a collaborative learning model for developing 'training the trainer' courses • To develop training programmes on indigenising systematic reviews to local contexts • To gain insights into adult learning and teaching strategies Background: Developing a workforce with the skills to produce and make judicious use of evidence for policy and practice decisions requires trainers who can tailor evidence and training to policy and practice priorities. Aim: To describe how a collaborative learning model adapted a systematic review course to suit Indian nurse educators and research scholars in the conduct and use of systematic reviews. Discussion: A collaborative learning team of academics and research scholars brought together expertise in nursing education in India, and evidence synthesis in India and the UK. Participants found the course was highly beneficial, enhanced independent and critical thinking, and instilled them with the confidence and skills to deliver such courses to Indian researchers, nurses and other healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Contextualising materials and methods to participants' experiences made learning more relatable. The use of adult learning approaches enabled participants to apply the same approaches when leading training in their own institutions and underpinned long-term sustainable working relationships between facilitators and learners, leading to new studies and new resources to support evidence-informed decision-making. Implications for practice: An educational intervention on 'indigenising systematic reviews' with online collaborative learning can produce improvements in the knowledge and skills of participants. Advantages of this educational approach include its flexibility, active involvement of participants and sustainable partnership building. The principles and methods used could be replicated in any setting to train trainers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr. Marilyn A. Ray, nurse scholar and retired United States Air Force (USAF) veteran and former flight nurse, began her nursing scholarship in Canada. She was influenced by the experiences and interprofessional scholarly ideas that she encountered along her career trajectory. Her early love of the air and space led her to the United States Air Force Nurse Corps, where she served as a flight nurse during the Vietnam war era, followed by leadership positions in nursing education, administration, practice, and research. Dr. Ray's contributions to nursing knowledge includes two nursing theories and a caring inquiry methodology. Dr. Ray is helping to create a new caring science certificate program at Florida Atlantic University, Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing. In this column, Dr. Ray shares the story of her scholarly influences and how they helped her care for her husband and gain insight into her contributions to nursing knowledge development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A clear need for the development of new comprehensive, reliable, sensitive and valid measurement tools to adequately asses the cultural competence and cultural sensitivity of nursing students exists. This study aimed to develop a new measurement tool to assess the nursing students' cultural competence and sensitivity. Methods: This cross-sectional, instrument development study's first phase included postgraduate nursing students (n = 60) for the piloting study, and the second one included undergraduate nursing students (n = 459) for the main survey. This study used two data collection forms: The Student Descriptive Information Form and the Better and Effective Nursing Education for Improving Transcultural Nursing Skills Cultural Competence and Cultural Sensitivity Assessment Tool (BENEFITS-CCCSAT) draft. The content validity index was calculated using the Davis method. Cronbach's α coefficient and the item total correlation were calculated during the reliability analysis. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) coefficient test, Bartlett significance test, and explanatory factor analysis (EFA) were used to evaluate the validity of the assessment tool. Results: Scale validity and reliability analyses showed that the BENEFITS-CCCSAT included 26 items and five sub-dimensions: respect for cultural diversity; culturally sensitive communication; achieving cultural competence; challenges and barriers in providing culturally competent care; and perceived meaning of cultural care. Conclusion: The BENEFITS-CCCSAT appears to be a valid and reliable instrument for measuring the cultural sensitivity and cultural competence of nursing students. This can be of great use, especially before attending clinical areas, and can offer both students and faculty reliable information to promote reflective and critical thinking, especially in areas where improvement is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Qualified individualised nursing care should be provided to all communities and ethnic groups with free of ethnocentrism. Aims: To evaluate nurses' individualised care behaviours and ethnocentric attitudes and predict the relationship between their individualised care behaviours and ethnocentric attitudes. Design: A descriptive and exploratory study. Methods: This study was conducted with 250 nurses working in a public and two private hospitals in a city, an area with many refugees. Data were collected using the Ethnocentrism Scale and Individualised Care Behaviours Scale. Structural equation model analysis to test hypothetical model and descriptive statistics were used. Results: Nurses working in the private hospitals had a higher individualised care decision control mean score. Those nurses who enjoyed spending time with people from different cultures had lower mean ethnocentrism scale scores, higher individualised care clinical status, personal life and decision control status subscales mean scores compared to other nurses. Mean scores of the individualised care personal life and decision control status subscales of the nurses who followed the literature on transcultural nursing was higher. A significant relationship between the ethnocentrism levels and individualised care behaviours was identified. Accordingly, the ethnocentric attitudes of the nurses negatively affected their individualised care behaviours, and the model established between the two concepts is statistically appropriate. Conclusions: Nurses who work in private hospitals, receive intercultural nursing education and enjoy spending time with different cultures have higher individualised care behaviours and lower ethnocentrism levels. Ethnocentric attitudes of the nurses negatively affected their individualised care behaviours. Care strategies should be developed that consider the factors that will maximize individualised care practices that minimize ethnocentric behaviours among nurses. Implications for the Profession: Increasing awareness on individualised care behaviours, ethnocentric attitudes and effected factors will contribute to improve of nursing care quality of nurses while giving care to individuals from different cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palliative care involves an approach aimed at improving the quality of life of patients and their families, who are forced to cope with the problems associated with life-threatening diseases. This definition includes a growing group of patients around the world. It requires an extension of the definition of patients in need of palliative care in countries such as Russia and a significant improvement in the work of nursing personnel with these patients. This study aims to determine the level of preparedness of nursing personnel for specialized care (transcultural care) and the quality of care provided to palliative patients. The presented findings of the study demonstrate the relevance of developing transcultural competence, which enables significant improvement in the quality of life of palliative patients. The analysis of medical workers' assessment of the level of specific training and their intercultural preparedness was conducted based on hospices (Moscow). A survey was conducted among 113 medical workers of the middle level of education aged between 28 and 56 (average of 44.2 years) and experience in palliative care ranged from 3 to 18 years (average of 9.5 years). The Intercultural Readiness Check (IRC) test, widely used to assess nursing staff worldwide, was used for the survey to determine the level of readiness for transcultural care. A strong correlation was found between a number of the test scales and measures of participants' age and experience. The presented material demonstrates the realization of an interdisciplinary approach to the issues of specific training of nursing personnel in the field of "transcultural care" in providing palliative care to incurable patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the unspoken issues in public discourse in most countries is the racism of patients toward nurses who originate from a different ethnic group than theirs. The aim of the present study is to examine whether patients' racism toward nurses increases as the invasiveness of treatment rises. This study was conducted in Israel, a highly conflictual society where Jews and Arabs live together and meet in the same health facilities. Despite the tension and sometimes animosity caused by the political situation, members of each group regularly encounter members of the other group during the provision of health‐care, both as patients and as medical and nursing staff. A study questionnaire which presented nine nursing treatments of diverse levels of invasiveness was filled out by Arab and Jewish participants. They were asked to convey their preference for an Arab or a Jewish nurse for each treatment. Results of Logistic Regression Analyses reveal that in both sectors, racism toward nurses increases as the treatment invasiveness rises. These findings are discussed in light of the concept of social distance, and serve as an empirical basis for several proposed practical recommendations for eradicating racism against nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health profile of foreigners in Italy is affected by multiple factors and events, including environmental, microbiological, cultural, and behavioral. To explore nurses' basic cross-cultural knowledge, and their perceptions of problems that arise in encounters with clients from outside the country, and to suggest solution strategies, we enrolled 327 nurses in an observational, cross-sectional, multicenter study. The findings suggested a need to improve sociocultural skills related to working in a multiethnic society, as early as the first level courses and possibly continue with appropriate master's degrees and research projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In an increasingly multicultural society, cultural competence and transcultural self-efficacy of public health nurses is important for providing culturally congruent care for client from diverse cultural background. To improv this, it is needed tailored and effective educational program based on the cultural competence educational needs. This study investigated the moderating effect of cultural competence educational needs on the relationship between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 217 public health nurses in Korea using convenience sampling from August 2018 to January 2019. A direct questionnaire was used to collect data. Study variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and the Hayes PROCESS macro (Model 1) moderation model. Results: The mean scores for transcultural self-efficacy, cultural competence educational needs, and cultural competence were 62.33 ± 11.08, 58.19 ± 15.08, and 97.96 ± 17.09, respectively. Transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence educational needs were positively associated with cultural competence. In the tested model, cultural competence educational needs had a conditional moderating effect on the relationship between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence. The positive association between transcultural self-efficacy and cultural competence was significant at low, medium, and high levels of cultural competence educational needs and stronger for those with high needs. Conclusions: Cultural competence educational needs may be an important determinant of cultural competence among public health nurses. To effectively increase cultural competence, transcultural self-efficacy should be increased by education programs tailored by cultural competence educational needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on impact of migrant policies on the health of involuntary migrant women being integrated into nursing education curriculum. Topics include providing nurses with ongoing education and support related to the integration of trauma and violence-informed care within practice being recommended; and higher rates of mental health concerns and forms of abuse and violence.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to determine the relationship between cultural intelligence and cultural competence (CC) of the school of nursing and midwifery students from the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2020-2021. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 245 from 600 nursing and midwifery students of the Zanjan University of Medical Sciences from November 24, 2020, to March 18, 2021. Data were collected using three questionnaires of demographic information, Cultural Intelligence Scale, and The Nurse Cultural Competence Scale. Data analysis was done through Pearson's test and the logistic regression model using SPSS Version 22. RESULTS: The response rate was 40.83%. The results showed that the total score of cultural intelligence had a strong positive relationship with CC (r= 0.88). Also, the logistic regression model showed that the cultural intelligence variable could predict nursing and midwifery students' CC (B=0.1, P=.013). CONCLUSION: It is recommended to pay more attention to increasing the cultural intelligence and CC of nursing and midwifery students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnic minority patients have been discussed and problematised in Western health literature. Drawing on an interpretation of central parts of the French philosopher Michel Foucault's authorship, we analysed a broad selection of materials to identify mechanisms through which the truth about ethnic minority patients is constructed. We identified a single, yet consistent discursive strategy that we termed 'figure of inconvenience' in which ethnic minority patients were classified and assigned a specific subjection illustrating them as 'inconvenient' to the nurse's practice. Concurrently, their relatives were afforded the position of substitutes. The discourse exemplifies how the behaviour or appearances of ethnic minority patients cannot be reconciled with the traits of ethnic Danish patients. Finally, we discussed implications that such a strategy may have for the provision of healthcare services for ethnic minority patients in Denmark. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Even under normal circumstances, anxiety is quite common among nursing students. Therefore, this study compared nursing students' health and coronavirus anxiety in two European countries. Method: The sample of the descriptive, cross-sectional study consisted of 685 undergraduate students studying at two different nursing schools in Turkey and Portugal. The study data were collected with the Personnel Data Collection Form, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, and Short Health Anxiety Inventory. Results: While there was no difference between the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale scores of Turkish and Portuguese nursing students (p >.05), a statistically significant difference was found between the Short Health Anxiety Inventory total scores and negative consequences scores (p <.05). Discussion: Against the pandemic that the whole world is experiencing, it is recommended to compare nursing students in a cultural context and take precautions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultural competency is essential for providing transcultural nursing care. This qualitative study explores nurses' experiences of providing transcultural nursing care to patients from ethnic minority in Yunnan province, China, with the aim of supplementing and enriching previous quantitative research. Yunnan is home to 25 ethnic minorities with the highest proportion (33.1%) of people from ethnic minorities in China. A descriptive qualitative method was used to describe the experiences of 12 nurses. Data were collected in October 2020 through semistructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis methods. Three themes were generated, including limitations of resources to provide transcultural nursing care, challenges in providing transcultural nursing care, and concerns about the quality of nursing care. The results suggest that there is scope for improving cultural competence of nurses in Yunnan through education that would enable them to provide high‐quality transcultural nursing care. Training topics could include transcultural knowledge, cultural sensitivity, minority languages, and immersive multicultural experiences. Other suggested improvements include a resource room for transcultural care, the accommodation of religious and dietary needs, and dedicated staff who lead transcultural care in hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Turkish population is characterized by its great cultural diversity, thus, Turkish nurses and nursing students often interact with patients of different cultural backgrounds from theirs. Cultural competence is needed to provide qualified contemporary nursing care. This study aimed to explore the literature on the cultural competence of Turkish nurses and nursing students. Methodology: The Whittemore and Knafl review methodology was used to extract, summarize, and synthesize data of 15 primary research articles published between January 2011 and January 2021. The search was done in the Turkish Academic Network and Information Center—ULAKBIM (PubMed, TRDizin, DergiPark). Results: Three themes were identified: cultural competence, cultural-related problems, and importance of training on transcultural nursing. Discussion: Appropriate educational courses on transcultural nursing should be implemented in Turkish nursing schools as well as in continuing education programs for Turkish nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To increase the quality and safety of patient care, many hospitals have mandated that nursing clinical handover occur at the patient's bedside. This study aims to improve the patient‐centredness of nursing handover by addressing the communication challenges of bedside handover and the organizational and cultural practices that shape handover. Design: Qualitative linguistic ethnographic design combining discourse analysis of actual handover interactions and interviews and focus groups before and after a tailored intervention. Methods: Pre‐intervention we conducted interviews with nursing, medical and allied health staff (n = 14) and focus groups with nurses and students (n = 13) in one hospital's Rehabilitation ward. We recorded handovers (n = 16) and multidisciplinary team huddles (n = 3). An intervention of communication training and recommendations for organizational and cultural change was delivered to staff and championed by ward management. After the intervention we interviewed nurses and recorded and analyzed handovers. Data were collected from February to August 2020. Ward management collected hospital‐acquired complication data. Results: Notable changes post‐intervention included a shift to involve patients in bedside handovers, improved ward‐level communication and culture, and an associated decrease in reported hospital‐acquired complications. Conclusions: Effective change in handover practices is achieved through communication training combined with redesign of local practices inhibiting patient‐centred handovers. Strong leadership to champion change, ongoing mentoring and reinforcement of new practices, and collaboration with nurses throughout the change process were critical to success. Impact: Ineffective communication during handover jeopardizes patient safety and limits patient involvement. Our targeted, locally designed communication intervention significantly improved handover practices and patient involvement through the use of informational and interactional protocols, and redesigned handover tools and meetings. Our approach promoted a ward culture that prioritizes patient‐centred care and patient safety. This innovative intervention resulted in an associated decrease in hospital‐acquired complications. The intervention has been rolled out to a further five wards across two hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Insufficient cultural competences among health care professionals (HCPs) working with ethnic minorities may result in poorer quality of care. This study aimed to develop a cultural intervention for HCPs. Method. The intervention was designed using the Behavior Change Wheel. The development phase contained empirical studies of patients with HIV and African background, literature review, observations from a migrant health clinic, and transcultural care theory. Results. Systematic development will facilitate an intervention tailored to focus on nurses' sensitivity and awareness, and aims to give them tools to identify narratives about patients' life situation and self-management as well as provide effective, compassionate, and culturally competent care. Discussion. Higher cultural competence among nurses may improve their support of patients to manage their disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The moral sensitivity of nurses positively affects the quality of patient care. For this reason, nursing students are expected to gain moral sensitivity skills during their education. The aim of the study is to examine the impact of transcultural nursing course (TNC) on the moral sensitivity levels of students. Methods: This study had a quasi-experimental design. The sample consisted of 100 nursing students (intervention: 36 and control: 64). The intervention group was composed of students who had enrolled in the TNC. The data were collected through the Sociodemographic Information Form and the Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire. Independent samples t-test and analysis of variance were used in data analysis. Results: The moral sensitivity levels of the students who received the TNC were significantly higher than those who did not. Discussion: The TNC is an effective teaching method in increasing the moral sensitivity levels of nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presents the celebration of the 35 year of the Journal of Transcultural Nursing, reprinting doctor Leininger's initial editorial that emphasizes the journal's mission to advance transcultural nursing knowledge globally and promote humanistic care, reflecting on the challenges faced in launching the journal and highlighting its importance in sharing ideas and research findings related to transcultural nursing.

Background: Stronger healthcare models are increasingly sought to address new population needs, health workforce inefficiencies and nursing shortages. One strategy is to focus on employees' strengths to capitalize on their competencies and maximize their scope of practice. Introduction: Globally, there is an exponential demand for advanced practice nursing services. This study aimed to identify the roles and positions of nurses who align with APN defining criteria at all levels of care in Catalonia, Spain. Methods: The first step of the study included the translation and validation to Catalan of the Advanced Practice Nurse Role Delineation Tool (IDREPA) and step 2 comprised a multicentre cross‐sectional study, in which 126 healthcare centres participated: 1209 nurses were included in the study. The STROBE checklist was used to report this study. Results: Transcultural equivalence and validation of the instrument showed a content validity index of 0.958 and the reliability of the questionnaire. The instrument identified 269 nurses who align with international APN defined criteria. They worked in specialized care, mental healthcare and primary and community care, especially in chronic conditions, ageing and end‐of‐life care. Discussion: Most areas of Catalonia have access to nurses practicing at APN defining criteria. These nurses were developed as an optimal resource to respond to patient needs in the context of study. Both recognition and strategic implementation are necessary to apply their full competencies to solve healthcare problems. Conclusion: Understanding the supply of services delivered by nurses practicing at an advanced level and their scope of practice may lay the foundations for effective workforce planning in a dynamic context. Nurses who align with APN defining criteria are working mainly in large acute services without regulation and recognition. Implications for nursing: Advanced practice nurses show the value of their role and activities in healthcare services. Implications for health policy: Promoting the establishment of APN defining criteria that includes credentialing and a regulatory framework within international guidelines should be a priority to make an impact on healthcare policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Culture-sensitive (CS) and patient-centered (PC) care are considered essential to achieve high-quality equitable care. The purpose of this study was to determine how expert nurses incorporate CS/PC care into their assessment and care planning practices, especially for culturally diverse and marginalized patients. Methodology: Using a qualitative, descriptive design, we conducted a focus group at the October 2019 Transcultural Nursing Society Conference. Participants (n = 9) discussed how they instilled cultural sensitivity and patient-centeredness into their assessment and care planning skills. Results: Participants revealed attitudes, knowledge, and skills associated with CS/PC assessment and care planning. They also identified specific strategies for translating CS/PC theory into assessment and care planning practices. Discussion: Three principles and many pragmatic strategies for incorporating CS/PC care into daily practice emerged from the data. Nurses may find these principles and strategies helpful in integrating CS/PC care into their daily care of patients in busy clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To report the experience of the nursing consultation in childcare to the refugee puerpera and her newborn in the perspective of health education, according to Leininger's Transcultural Theory. Methods: This article is an experience report, which occurred through the internship in Primary Health Care from April to July 2020, from the virtual and face-to-face nursing consultation performed by residents, tutors and preceptors of the Neonatal Nursing Residency. Results: The experience enabled the reflection about the specialist nurse role in childcare nursing consultation, which proved to be a space for reflection, exchange of cultural and social knowledge. Conclusion: It is concluded that the consultation enabled nurses to apply skills and knowledge in the care of the puerperal woman and newborn, in addition to the possibility of building strategies for attending the nursing consultation in childcare, transcending the standardized models, for a cross-cultural consultation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to investigate in the literature the application of transcultural nursing teaching for undergraduate nursing students. Method: integrative review of articles published between 2011 and 2021 through searches on Medline, Lilacs, BDENF and IBECS, based on the guiding question: What is the approach of the literature on the application of transcultural nursing education for undergraduate nursing students? Results: a total of 92 articles were found, of which 10 were included in this review. It was identified that mini-courses and workshops on transcultural nursing and cultural exchanges increase students' cultural competence, thus having a positive impact on the attitudes of future nurses. Renewals of curricula and preparation of teachers should be considered for the improvement of transcultural nursing teaching. Final considerations: the teaching of transcultural nursing for undergraduate nursing students should not be limited to theoretical classes, but should also be emphasized through practical teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this cross‐sectional study, we explored the current status and the correlates of self‐perceived transcultural self‐efficacy among nurses working in a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, China. A total of 336 nurses (age range, 24–50 years) completed the Chinese version of the Transcultural Self‐Efficacy Tool. The majority of respondents were female (94.64%), and 67.26% were government employees. Between group differences were assessed using the rank sum test. Most nurses had a below‐moderate level of self‐perceived transcultural self‐efficacy in all subscales (Cognitive [67.69%]; Practical [71.65%], Affective [66.75%]). Age, professional title, employment type, and income level had a significant influence on all three subscale scores of the survey instrument. Our findings highlight the need for inclusion of transcultural nursing in the continuing education curricula for nurses. Nursing managers should target continuing education based on the demographic characteristics of nurses. Hospital managers should consider minimizing the pay disparity between government‐employed and temporary nurses. These initiatives can help improve the quality of nursing care in a cross‐cultural milieu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is a practice, in breach of human rights, which currently extends to European countries. Given that migration to a Western country can involve cultural change, the aim of the present study is to explore the experiences and perceptions of sub-Saharan women regarding FGM/C following migration to Spain. Method: A qualitative exploratory research design utilizing life history methodology was applied. Participants (n = 24) were recruited until data saturation was reached. Results: Sub-Saharan women describe their experience of FGM/C. Once in Spain, they begin to demystify the justifications for which FGM/C is practiced and to break the taboo that surrounds the practice. Discussion: Migration leads individuals to reflect on the traditional practices from their countries of origin. The nursing profession must accompany migrant women throughout their process of change and provide objective information from a position of cultural understanding, avoiding attitudes that might create a sense of revictimization while their resultant health consequences are being attended to. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Vulnerable populations like the remaining Quilombola community need health care tailored to their demands and needs. The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of nursing in promoting sustainability in vulnerable communities. Methods: Reflective study based on the Theory of Culture Care, nursing competencies, and on the concept of sustainability. Results: Nurses must be sensitive to cultural differences inserting themselves in care planning strategies as nursing actions must consider the cultural values of individuals. Health practices developed by nurses, in the perspective of health promotion, must consider the empowerment of vulnerable populations through sustainable actions, enabling socioeconomic improvements and reflecting on environmental well-being and health. Conclusion: Nurses must perform ethical care considering cultural particularities and promoting health through sustainable practices. This reflection article presents possibilities of action in the broader view of health to vulnerable communities providing support to health professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Good communication is crucial for safe and effective nursing care and is necessary in building interpersonal relationships with patients. The increase of global interactions in health care adds to the necessity of developing culturally competent communication in nursing. The purpose of the study was to gain a deeper understanding of interpersonal communication as experienced by nurses working in culturally diverse hospitals in India. Method: A descriptive qualitative method, analyzing 12 semistructured interviews conducted with nurses at two hospitals. Results: The study's themes focus on tools and techniques for working with culturally diverse patients and how to sustain the quality of care in diverse hospital settings. Language resources, language tools, and cultural knowledge were useful aids for nurses when communicating with transcultural patients. It helped the nurses gain confidence and foresee patient needs. Discussion: Highlighting transcultural interpersonal communication techniques within nursing offers a safer and more productive practice of nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Opening up to global migration processes has contributed to increasing the cultural diversity of Polish society. The diagnosis of nurses' attitudes toward cultural differences is important in the assessment of training needs and in providing professional care. Method: Cross-sectional studies, was carried out in 2018 among 1,271 nurses. In the research, the following scales and questionnaire were used: Bogardus Social Distance and Social Dominance Orientation Scales; Social Approbation Questionnaire and author's questionnaire. Results: The respondents showed the highest social distance toward Russians, Vietnamese, and Chechens. There was a significant dependence of the level of social distance of respondents from age, job seniority, place of residence, education, frequency of contact with representatives of other nationalities, living abroad, care for a person of other nationality, training on transcultural nursing, participation in cultural events regarding representatives of other nationalities. Conclusions: The results of the research indicate the need to train nurses in the field of transcultural nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To meet the needs of people from various cultures, nursing research must be performed on the basis of these cultures. This research aims to invent interdisciplinary research method based on Islamic documents. This method is with three stages: first, to describe a desired concept; second, to define the concept from the viewpoint of humans. Finally, a nursing discipline is achieved on the basis of the human knowledge and its findings, and Islamic documents. Results of this research method assist nurses in offering nursing care with regard to Muslim's beliefs in addition to their culture and customs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia invests tremendous governmental resources to support the annual Hajj season, including providing free world-class healthcare for all visiting pilgrims. Nurses from around the Kingdom are encouraged to work at Makkah during this period. These nurses come from different cultural backgrounds and provide care for pilgrims from around the world. The study utlized descriptive phenomenology design. A total of 11 transcultural nurses were interviewed. A thematic analysis was performed to understand the lived experience of the transcultural nurses participating in the Hajj for the first time. Five themes emerged. These included serving with satisfaction; a supportive and fair system; professional and personal values; difference, and difficulties and problems. This is the first study of transcultural nurses' experiences of providing nursing care to pilgrims during the Hajj. The results highlight transcultural nurses' perceptions of the benefits and challenges of providing care during the Hajj and potential strategies to improve preparation and care quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abduction, deduction and induction are different forms of inference in science. However, only a few attempts have been made to introduce the idea of abductive reasoning as an extended way of thinking about clinical practice in nursing research. The aim of this paper was to encourage critical reflections about abductive reasoning based on three empirical examples from nursing research and includes three research questions on what abductive reasoning is, how the process has taken place, and how knowledge about abductive reasoning based on the examples can inform nursing research and clinical practice. The study has a descriptive and explorative approach using a convenience sample of three empirical studies from nursing research. The three studies illustrate different ways to enter the abductive reasoning process in steps. They represent new caring models, which offer visual and cognitive maps for expanding nursing research, education and thus informing care. Therefore, we suggest that abductive reasoning may be beneficial for different ways of knowing and demonstrates scientific innovation to shed new light on health phenomena, which can help researchers and practitioners to gain a broader and deeper understanding of nursing care inquiry. However, more studies are needed to broaden this scope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of developing cultural competence among healthcare professionals is well recognized. However, the widespread reports of insensitivity and deficiencies in care for culturally diverse patients illuminate the need to review how cultural competence development is taught, learnt and applied in practice. Unless we can alter the 'hearts and minds' of practising nurses to provide the care that they know they should, culturally insensitive care will continue operating in subtle ways. This paper explores the ideas behind nurses' actions and omissions when caring for culturally diverse patients and proposes the need to examine cultural competence development through a moral reasoning lens. Examining cultural competence development through a moral reasoning lens can help empower nurses, whilst nurturing commitment and courage to providing quality care that meets the needs of culturally diverse patients. The model of morality provides a framework that explores how moral motivation and behaviour occur and can provide a vehicle for critically examining the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to provide culturally responsive care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: We evaluated the effectiveness of a nursing intervention program for Chinese women who are giving birth in Japan to reduce cross‐cultural stressors during the postpartum period and prevent postpartum depressive symptoms. Methods: A prospective, before‐and‐after study incorporating a longitudinal mixed‐method design was conducted. Thirty‐eight participants underwent this program from August 2016 to July 2017. The program comprised a maternity class, conversation cards, and a social‐network group. Data collection was initially performed using questionnaires administered in the third trimester (T1)—before the intervention—to obtain participants' basic information, stress levels, depressive symptoms, and cognitive appraisals. Then, stress levels, depressive symptoms, and social support were measured during hospitalization after having given birth (T2) and during the first month postpartum (T3). Finally, through semi‐structured interviews, cognitive appraisal, coping, stress, social support, participants' evaluations of the intervention were determined. Results: Post‐intervention, all participants showed positive cognitive appraisals, although eight also showed some negative appraisals. At T3, 36 participants did not report experiencing stress owing to cross‐cultural stressors. Furthermore, post‐intervention, participants who returned scores that were suggestive of depression remained identical to that at pre‐intervention (21.1%). Among the eight participants who showed postpartum depressive symptoms during T3, seven did not report experiencing cross‐cultural stressors, but did report encountering maternity stressors. Conclusion: The nursing intervention program may be effective for preventing postpartum depressive symptoms in Chinese women who give birth in Japan. Since this was a pre‐post study in which one group was measured pre‐intervention and again post‐intervention, we did not register in a publicly assessible database. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The current globalized world expresses important challenges for nursing care, so that the suffering is recognized and relieved taking into account the patient’s culture. Objective. To describe the fin¬dings of research into experiences of hospital nurses about compassion and care to culturally diverse people. Method. Systematic review. The searches were conducted in: Web of Science, CINAHL, OVID Nursing, Evidence Based Medicine Reviews, Medline (PubMed), PsycARTICLES, Virtual Health Library, CUIDEN Plus, TripDatabase, Epistemonikos and Descubridor de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. A total of 83 searches were conducted with MeSH, DeCS and natural language terms, including research or review articles with qualitative approaches, published in Spanish, English or Portuguese. Results. 42 papers were included, with a predominance of phenomenological, ethnographic and grounded theory designs. These reflect the link between compassion and care for culturally diverse people, developed through three themes, and 14 sub-themes. Conclusion. The experiences of nurses and patients are diverse, but the connection between compassion and cultural competence in nursing care in the clinical setting is visible. This systematization shows educational and training needs, demonstrates the tensions between personal, professional and institutional culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Within a Dutch nursing home, the prevailing workforce culture was challenged by new personnel, which caused institutional change, which in turn, affected workforce integration. The purpose of this study was to examine social processes affecting workforce integration of first-generation immigrant health care professionals in aging citizens in a Dutch health institution in the Netherlands. Method: A purposive sample of 10 immigrants and 10 established nurses was recruited. Ethnography was used to guide this study. 105 hours of participant observation, 8 semistructured interviews with 4 immigrants and 4 established nurses, and 2 focus-group discussions with 8 immigrants and 6 established nurses. Results: The study identified various processes that affect culturally congruent care in the nursing home, like the imposing professional norms, the use of "weapons of the weak," mutual suspicions of indifference, and collective images of "us" versus "them." Both groups conceived the "others" as the source of their discomfort, however, both had pain of not mattering. Discussion: When recruiting international educated nurses "all nursing staff" face difficulties when going through the precarious process of mutual integration in daily care practices. We recommend that nurse leaders facilitate positive intergroup interactions that promotes reciprocity for all groups of nurses for better health care outcomes for all. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to analyze the healthcare encounters between nurses and parents of different cultural backgrounds in primary health care. An ethnographic study was carried out using participant observations in health centers and interviews with nurses. Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis and constant comparative method. Four main themes were identified when nurses met parents of other cultural backgrounds: lack of mutual understanding, electronic records hamper the interaction, lack of professionals' cultural awareness and skills, and nurses establish superficial or distant relationships. The concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural imposition are behind these findings, hampering the provision of culturally competent care in primary health services. There were difficulties in obtaining and registering culturally related aspects that influence children's health and development. This was due to e‐records, language barriers, and the lack of cultural awareness and skills in health professionals making the encounters difficult for both nurses and parents. These findings show that there is a clear threat for health equity and safety in primary care if encounters between nurses and parents do not improve to enable nursing care to be tailored to any individual family needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Nursing practice should promote the maintenance of wellbeing and life, through respect for culture against disease, through models of care in the evidence-based pluricultural context. The objective of this study was to reveal the rites of early childhood Pumé, and its impact on cultural reproduction and health care found such as protective collars, the placement of clinical names and the predisposition of the child: writing and painting skills attributed to maturity during its growth. Methodology: We frame the look in a focused ethnography exploring interculturality, rites of steps. The group of social actors subject to study was made up of seven key informants of the Pumé Ethnicity, with more than 5 years in the Community studied. Conclusions: Cultural care in Early Childhood will include activities aimed at preserving or maintaining, adapting or negotiating, reorienting or restructuring the care granted to children. That is why in the multicultural context in which we live, it is important to incorporate beliefs and values of people and thus provide effective, satisfactory and coherent nursing care with their culture and with evidence-based nursing practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The word Two-Spirit is an umbrella term that is used to describe Indigenous peoples who are diverse in terms of their sexual orientation and gender identity, though community-specific definitions and roles for gender and sexual orientation are more extensive and varied. While the terminology of Two-Spirit is recent in its development, Indigenous conceptualizations of diverse gender identities, roles, and sexual orientations have existed since time immemorial and provide important insights into how cultural safety can be incorporated into caring practices. The purpose of this article is to introduce readers to the term Two-Spirit and to provide a broad overview of Indigenous conceptualizations of gender, sexuality, and spirit, to address implications for the nursing profession, and to outline potential applications of this knowledge in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In the context of health care, cultural and linguistic barriers happen due to the lack of cultural knowledge, of health professionals, towards people's beliefs and interactions in the social, spiritual, cultural and community dimensions. Objective: Understand which strategies are adopted by nurses to overcome cultural and linguistic barriers, with culturally diverse people. Method: Scoping Review, based on the principles advocated by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The databases for research were Proquest and PubMed, in Portuguese, English, French and Spanish. A period of 5 years was defined, for the research of key concepts and controlled vocabulary. Results: Two studies were included in this review. Both selected articles focus on nurses' interventions during care delivery in different countries. Conclusion: Nurses' intervention strategies to overcome cultural and linguistic barriers differ in the two studies, with identical recommendations for improving health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To assess whether a training intervention in cross‐cultural communication can positively impact attitudes, knowledge and behaviour and to investigate possible dependencies between these components. Design: (Controlled) longitudinal multimethod evaluation. Methods: A training based on theoretical considerations and informed by semi‐standardized interviews with home care nurses was developed and evaluated. Participants rated their cross‐cultural attitudes, knowledge and behaviour and answered case vignettes assessing their knowledge before and after this training. Shift observations assessed behaviourial aspects at t1 and t2. Data were collected between June 2016–March 2017 and between April 2017–November 2017. Analyses of variance and multiple linear regression models were employed. Results: The training showed promising tendencies with cross‐cultural attitudes, knowledge and behaviour with diverging results for initially quite high self‐reports showing positive but mostly not significant developments and objective assessments mostly showing significant positive changes. There were significant associations between self‐reported cross‐cultural behaviour at t1 and objective cross‐cultural knowledge at t2, whereas self‐rated and objectively assessed knowledge showed no significant associations. Shift observations showed significant positive developments in participants' communication behaviour. Conclusion: Our study shows the importance of using different methods and targeting different outcomes areas to rate impacts of (cross‐cultural) training interventions. Future studies should consider challenging conditions in home care nursing affecting the success of interventions and investigate mechanisms of skill acquisition in nursing. Impact: This is one of very few studies using multi‐method approach to evaluate a cross‐cultural competency intervention and simultaneously assess cross‐cultural attitudes, knowledge and behaviour including possible dependencies between these aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on nurse educators' perspectives on teaching gerontology within nursing curricula in two cultures. An increasing aging multi-cultural population with large caring needs requires not only informal elder care provided by family members, but also professional nursing staff trained in gerontology. The aim of this study was to explore how Swedish and Thai nurse educators describe the role of teaching gerontology within nursing educations in Sweden and Thailand. Method: Qualitative open-ended interviews with 13 Swedish and Thai nurse educators were conducted and analyzed with qualitative content analysis. Findings: There is a lack of gerontological nursing competence in faculty, as well as bureaucracy impeding necessary changes of curricula, together with difficulties in highlighting positive and cultural aspects of aging. Conclusions: Pedagogical strategies need to be developed by nurse educators specialized in cross-cultural gerontology to improve current and future nursing educations in both countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Health care and culture are important to patient care. Theoretical frameworks, service delivery, and self-awareness are important to the provider/patient. Provider care varies, and studies are needed to understand the current interactions between providers, patients, and culture. Methodology: This was a prospective, descriptive correlational pilot study. Providers and patients completed a baseline assessment of culture, as well as a Brief Mood Introspection Scale at each visit at the patient's standard of care visit (i.e., visit as part of clinical procedures). Results: The providers and baseline assessment of culture showed higher than average cultural awareness. All four mood subscales show no statistically significant differences in patient or providers' mood. There were no significant differences in mood when considering differences and similarities between gender, race, and ethnicity. Discussion: There was no difference in patient or provider mood in this study when based on the differences or similarities in gender, race, and ethnicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the existence of multi-ethnic and pluricultural societies is not new, the perspective of equality and recognition has remained on paper, without permeating citizen attitudes. Migrations and globalization have led to greater international awareness of interculturality, facing challenges at the educational and health care levels, generating regulations in relation to protection and respect for diversity. The emergence and development of the concept of interculturality in education allows us to reflect on its importance and the role it has been given in health and nursing training. It is evident that institutional efforts have been insufficient, as the coloniality of being and knowledge continues to prevail, since Anglo-Saxon and European positions are still assumed that are in tension with the Latin American context. Nursing is still on the way to forging interculturality, it is important to include the subject in the training of professionals, which contributes to the construction of selfcare. The proposal of this article is to approach the notion of interculturality from education and health, to re-think epistemologically another look at the training of professionals in nursing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowing the effect of Ramadan in emergency services is important for health professionals. There are no clinical practice guidelines for this care and this systematic review can help health professionals in the approach to this event. The objective is to know the characteristics of the attention given in the emergency services and emergencies to members of the Muslim religion during the fasting of Ramadan. A systematic bibliographic search was carried out in Pubmed, Scopus, WoS, Cinhal and specialized journals databases. Inclusion criteria: English and Spanish language, articles published from 2007 to 2018 and in the field of emergencies and emergencies. Identified 58 articles, of which 19 were selected. The methodological quality was assessed with PRISMA, STROBE and CONSORT. The findings were the main diseases / types of emergencies attended and the volume of people attended in the emergency services during Ramadan. Caring for Muslim patients implies knowing their needs in their cultural context and values, being important for nursing to know them to offer culturally appropriate care. It is necessary to strengthen the training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The provision of appropriate end of life care for patients who have different life experiences, beliefs, value systems, religions, languages, and notions of healthcare, can be difficult and stressful for the nurse. To date, research has focused predominately on nurses' experiences of end of life care for the Muslim patient who is an immigrant in another country. To critically review the literature related to the lived experiences of non-Muslim expatriate nurses providing end of life care for Muslim patients in their home country. Integrative Literature Review Comprehensive online search of Library Databases: Ovid, CINAHL, EBSCOHost; MEDLINE; Science Citation Index Expanded; PubMED; Web of Science; PROQUEST, and Scopus. An integrative review of literature published within the dates January 2000 – July 2017. Included articles were published in the English language, peer reviewed/refereed, and focused on nurses' experiences. Both qualitative and mixed method studies describing the experience of non-Muslim nurses providing nursing care to Muslim patients in a country that was predominately Muslim were included. Initially 74 articles were found of which nine met the inclusion criteria. Research has been conducted predominantly within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with one article from Bahrain and one other jointly from Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The research indicates that expatriate nurses view themselves as powerless patient advocates, are hindered by the nurse-patient-family-physician quadriad structure, language and differing beliefs about communicating death, and negotiating culturally safe care is emotionally challenging. This review highlights that the stressors associated with misalignment of expectations cause emotional and physical distress for the nurses. When nurses were focused on clinical care, they were unable to accommodate cultural practices that were important to the patient and family, contributing to increasing stress. Researchers have sought to capture this distress and make some sense of its impact. How nurses can provide culturally safe care, in countries with cultural practices quite different from their own, bears further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims and objectives: To develop and validate the Chinese version of Verbal and Social Interaction Questionnaire for Nursing Students. Background: The development of caring interaction skills is particularly important for achieving better nursing student–patient interactions. Nursing students in China, as in most countries, have often failed to establish a caring interaction with their patients. There is a lack of instruments to explore the difficulties and problems in nursing student–patient interactions in China. Design: A descriptive, cross‐sectional survey was carried out. Methods: Data for cross‐cultural adaptation and psychometric testing purposes were collected between May 10, 2017 and November 11, 2017. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed; pilot testing, content validity and reliability were assessed for the translated questionnaire. EQUATOR guidelines for observational studies (strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology) were applied. Results: 716 nursing students from four universities in China completed the questionnaire. A pilot testing (n = 32) was conducted at a university hospital. The internal consistency reliability and the intra‐class correlation coefficients were satisfactory. The overall content validity index was 0.95. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a four‐factor solution, explaining 61.26% of the variance, and the items had factor loadings ranging from 0.46–0.82. The final model's fit indexes were relatively acceptable. Overall, this instrument demonstrated sound psychometric properties. Conclusion: The Chinese version of Verbal and Social Interaction Questionnaire for Nursing Students has a high level of reliability and acceptable content validity. However, some values in the construct validity assessment were lower than was hypothesised, suggesting a need for further model modification. Relevance to clinical practice: This easy‐to‐use instrument may help nursing educators, clinicians and managers in the assessment and development of students' interactional skills during their training or student–nurse transition period. Using the questionnaire could both provide the students with a greater understanding of caring interactions and help the nursing educators gain a better comprehension of the students' verbal, social and interactional skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internationalisation of the curriculum (IoC) is a focus for higher education institutions. IoC aims to equip students with essential enhanced skills in relation to becoming global citizens and ensuring that their practice is culturally competent. Undergraduate courses must furnish children's nursing students with learning opportunities that meet the outcomes of the 2018 Nursing and Midwifery Council standards of proficiency. The standards require that nursing education, supervision and training should provide students with the learning opportunities needed to achieve the desired proficiencies and programme outcomes. This article analyses and evaluates the implementation of an online international learning (OIL) project in an undergraduate children's nursing programme in the UK. The pilot project has been identified as a useful and successful teaching method for promoting intercultural awareness among students and provides guidance for future OIL design. Finally, this article offers recommendations on how to address barriers and challenges related to this teaching method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]