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Artificial intelligence (AI), a rousing advancement disrupting a wide spectrum of applications with remarkable betterment, has continued to gain momentum over the past decades. Within breast imaging, AI, especially machine learning and deep learning, honed with unlimited cross-data/case referencing, has found great utility encompassing four facets: screening and detection, diagnosis, disease monitoring, and data management as a whole. Over the years, breast cancer has been the apex of the cancer cumulative risk ranking for women across the six continents, existing in variegated forms and offering a complicated context in medical decisions. Realizing the ever-increasing demand for quality healthcare, contemporary AI has been envisioned to make great strides in clinical data management and perception, with the capability to detect indeterminate significance, predict prognostication, and correlate available data into a meaningful clinical endpoint. Here, the authors captured the review works over the past decades, focusing on AI in breast imaging, and systematized the included works into one usable document, which is termed an umbrella review. The present study aims to provide a panoramic view of how AI is poised to enhance breast imaging procedures. Evidence-based scientometric analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline, resulting in 71 included review works. This study aims to synthesize, collate, and correlate the included review works, thereby identifying the patterns, trends, quality, and types of the included works, captured by the structured search strategy. The present study is intended to serve as a "one-stop center" synthesis and provide a holistic bird's eye view to readers, ranging from newcomers to existing researchers and relevant stakeholders, on the topic of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel three-dimensional hollow mesoporous bioactive glass nanofiber scaffold has been synthesized with a template-assisted sol-gel method using bacterial cellulose (BC) as a template and nonionic triblock copolymer (P123) as a pore-directing agent, ethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (CN), and triethyl phosphate (TEP) as glass precursors. Scanning and transmission electron microscopies, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and nuclear magnetic resonance method were applied to characterize the morphology, crystal structure, and chemical structure of the mesoporous bioactive glass nanofiber scaffold. Furthermore, the in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility were also explored. The obtained scaffold depicted nanofiber-like morphology and interconnected three-dimensional network structure that replicated the BC template. The scaffold showed a large specific surface area (230.0 cm2 g−1) and pore volume (0.2 m3 g−1). More importantly, the scaffold exhibited excellent apatite-forming ability and cellular biocompatibility. We believe that the hollow mesoporous bioactive glass nanofiber scaffold has great potential application in bone tissue regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The connection between obesity, lipid accumulation, and lymph node metastasis (LNM) in gastric cancer (GC) is unclear. Methods: The association of body mass index (BMI) and serum lipid levels with LNM was measured by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in 1,058 eligible GC patients with a mean age of 61.4 years. Meanwhile, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between lymph node metastasis-positive (N +) and -negative (N0) groups using public RNA-seq data. Neutral lipids in human GC samples were detected by Oil red O staining. The expression of cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR. Results: Compared with normal-weight patients, overweight (OR = 2.02, 95% CI = 1.26–3.23) and obese (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.15–2.91) patients showed increased ORs for LNM. However, no significant results were obtained for serum lipids in the multivariable-adjusted model (P > 0.05). Subgroup analysis suggested that increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was a risk factor in females (OR = 1.27, 95% CI = 1.02–1.59). Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed a connection between lipid metabolism and LNM. Meanwhile, lipid staining showed a mass of lipids in obese N + tumor samples, and IHC analysis indicated an increase in LPL and CD36 expression in N + cases, implying a crucial role for exogenous lipid supply in LNM. Conclusions: High BMI significantly increases the risk of LNM in GC and promotes lipid accumulation in GC cells in LNM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The iron phosphate residue(IPR)is pretreated by ball-milling activation. • The lattice distortion of IPR after ball milling occurs. • High Fe leaching efficiency is showed with dilute sulfuric acid solution. • The iron phosphate phase transition occurs when temperature above 353 K. • The difficulty of completely leaching trivalent iron from IPR is solved. A mechanical-chemical process is proposed to recover the iron phosphate residue(IPR)of spent lithium iron phosphate(LFP)after lithium extraction. In this process, the IPR was pretreated by ball-milling and leached with the sulfuric acid solution. The results showed that, under the optimized ball-milling conditions (a mass ratio of the stainless-steel-ball to material to water of 2:1:2.5, a milling time of 20 min), the maximum particle size of IPR decreased from 34.265 um to 13.102 um, the specific surface increased from 11.41 m2/g to 13.74 m2/g, and the cell volume distortion rate could reach 0.331 %. Under the optimized leaching conditions (a temperature of 333 K, a concentrated acid-to-material ratio of 0.46 mL/g, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 5:1 mL/g, and a stirring speed of 600 rpm), the leaching efficiency of iron phosphate could reach 98 %. The kinetic study indicated that the leaching was controlled by diffusion and chemical reaction with the apparent activation energy of 29 kJ/mol. The dissolution-precipitation phase transition of IPR was also found at high temperatures. This study illustrates that such a mechanical-chemical process is an effective way to improve the leaching efficiency of IPR with a lower sulfuric acid dosage, which has great potential in industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, a matched branch line‐loaded negative group delay (NGD) circuit without resistor is presented firstly, and then an Wilkinson power divider with NGD characteristic is implemented by integrating the NGD circuit and the power divider by using self‐packaged suspended coplanar waveguide (SCPW) technology. The self‐packaged SCPW power divider with NGD characteristic has been fabricated, and the design has been demonstrated by measurement, which indicates that the proposed power divider with NGD characteristic has a measured signal attenuation (S21) of 10.92 dB, a S11 attenuation of 32.1 dB, an NGD time of −2.42 ns, and an isolation of no less than 39 dB at the center frequency, while simple circuit topology, self‐packaging and compact circuit size have also been achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The continuous catalytic regenerative (CCR) reforming process is one of the most significant sources of hydrogen production in the petroleum refining process. However, the fluctuations in feedstock composition and flow rate could significantly affect both product distribution and energy consumption. In this study, a robust deviation criterion based multi-objective optimization approach is proposed to perform the optimal operation of CCR reformer under feedstock uncertainty, with simultaneous maximization of product yields and minimization of energy consumption. Minimax approach is adopted to handle these uncertain objectives, and the Latin hypercube sampling method is then used to calculate these robust deviation criteria. Multi-objective surrogate-based optimization methods are next introduced to effectively solve the robust operational problem with high computational cost. The level diagram method is finally utilized to assist in multi-criteria decision-making. Two robust operational optimization problems with different objectives are solved to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for robust optimal operation of the CCR reforming process under feedstock uncertainty. • The robust operation of CCR reformers under feedstock uncertainty is investigated. • A robust deviation criterion based multi-objective optimization framework is established. • The surrogate-based multi-objective optimization approaches are proposed. • The relationships among different optimization objectives are systematically studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 179 normal full-term pregnant women and their newborns were randomly selected. Umbilical venous blood was extracted after the delivery, and the serum level of 25(OH)D3 was measured. Forty 2 days, 3 months, 6 months, and one year after the birth to be asked about the occurrence and development of infant eczema. Thirteen cases were lost to follow-up. The median concentration of 25(OH)D3 in the cord blood was 25.40 ng/mL. Thirty eight cases (22.9%) were vitamin D deficient (<20 ng/mL), 77 cases (46.4%) were vitamin D insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), and 51 cases (30.7%) were vitamin D sufficient (≥30 ng/mL). The incidence of eczema in the umbilical cord blood vitamin D sufficient group was lower than that in the deficient and insufficient groups (p <.05). Sufficient umbilical cord blood vitamin D levels are associated with a lower incidence of eczema in infants up to one year of age. What is already known on this subject? A number of studies have suggested that vitamin D levels in early life are related to the occurrence of allergic diseases, but the conclusions are not uniform. What do the results of this study add? The rate of sufficient umbilical cord blood vitamin D was low in the Songjiang area of Shanghai. Sufficient umbilical cord blood vitamin D levels (≥30 ng/mL) are associated with a lower incidence of eczema in infants up to 1 year of age. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? At present, the dose of vitamin D for pregnant women at home and abroad is not consistent, so the specific dose of vitamin D for pregnant women to maintain the foetus needs further discussion. It is expected that a reasonable recommended dose can be developed to reduce the risk of allergic diseases in future generations from a primary prevention perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the impact of preoperative objective nutritional indices on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent radical hepatectomy and to compare their predictive value for prognosis. The clinical data of 661 patients were retrospectively reviewed to analyze the risk factors associated with prognosis; explore the role of the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), nutritional risk index (NRI), and control nutritional status (CONUT) in HCC prognosis; and compare their predictive value. Several independent risk factors for overall survival (OS) were identified, including neutrophil count, prealbumin level, microvascular invasion (MVI), Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage, and PNI. The following factors were confirmed to be associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS): alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level, prothrombin time (PT), tumor size, tumor capsule, MVI, BCLC stage, and PNI. Compared with the corresponding subgroups, patients in the high PNI (>45) group and the high NRI (>100) group had better RFS and OS (P < 0.05). However, patients in the low CONUT score (≤3) group had a similar prognosis to patients in the high CONUT (>3) group (P = 0.050). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the PNI was significantly higher than that of the CONUT for RFS or OS but similar to that of the NRI. The predictive ability of the PNI for HCC prognosis was significantly better than that of the CONUT but similar to that of the NRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, the strategy of multivalency has been widely employed to design glycosidase inhibitors, as glycomimetic clusters often induce marked enzyme inhibition relative to monovalent analogs. Polyhydroxylated pyrrolidines, one of the most studied classes of iminosugars, are an attractive moiety due to their potent and specific inhibition of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases, which are associated with many crucial biological processes. The development of multivalent pyrrolidine derivatives as glycosidase inhibitors has resulted in several promising compounds that stand out. Herein, we comprehensively summarized the different synthetic approaches to the preparation of multivalent pyrrolidine clusters, from total synthesis of divalent iminosugars to complex architectures bearing twelve pyrrolidine motifs. Enzyme inhibitory properties and multivalent effects of these synthesized iminosugars were further discussed, especially for some less studied therapeutically relevant enzymes. We envision that this comprehensive review will help extend the applications of multivalent pyrrolidine iminosugars in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Thumb fingertip injuries, often combined with phalanx fracture or torn ligament, are very common. The focus of treatment is on how to rebuild the function and shape of the thumb. Single thumb fingertip pulp injury is more common. However, due to the diverse type of injury, no uniform treatment guideline is described in the literature. Case report. A patient with extensive thumb fingertip pulp incisions, which looked like multiple parallel wounds, was admitted to our Emergency Department. We used the method of bundling to maintain the shape of the fingertip. A single suture to pass through all the incisions was performed and then the suture was tied outside the skin. After that, we bandaged them with sterile bandages. Finally, good contour and fingertip function were restored. Conclusion. We successfully used the bundling method to treat patient with extensive thumb fingertip pulp incisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Designing and optimizing structure is an effective method to enhance electrocatalytic performance of transition metal-based catalysts. In this work, an innovative nanostructured electrode, consisted of peapod-like Ni 2 P@N-doped carbon nanorods array coating on carbon fiber (CF@p-Ni 2 P@NC), is devised and synthesized. The N-doped carbon layer is crucial for maintaining the peapod-like nanostructure, which allows for multi-channel electrolyte transport and gas product release. And the carbon layer coating Ni 2 P nanoparticles also enhance electrical conductivity and stability, thus ensuring fast electron transport from/to active sites and the long-term stability of catalyst during urea oxidation reaction (UOR)/hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Benefit from the reasonable structure, CF@p-Ni 2 P@NC present perfect performance with getting 100 mA cm−2 at potential/overpotential of 1.417/0.194 V for UOR/HER in 1.0 M KOH containing 0.5 M urea. In addition, the overall urea-electrolysis system using CF@p-Ni 2 P@NC bifunctional electrode only requires 1.590 V to obtain 100 mA cm−2. Novel peapod-like Ni 2 P@N-doped carbon nanorods array on carbon fiber is prepared and exhibits perfect catalytic activity toward both UOR and HER in urea-assisted electrolytic water splitting. [Display omitted] • Peapod-like Ni 2 P@N-doped carbon nanorods array on CF is designed and synthesized. • The CF@p-Ni 2 P@NC exhibits perfect catalytic activity toward both UOR and HER. • The superior performance is ascribed to the peapod-like nanorods array structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intra-urban origin-destination (OD) network communities evolve throughout the day, indicating changing groups of closely connected regions. Under such variation, groups of regions with high consistency of community affiliation characterize the temporally stable structure of the evolution process, supporting comprehending urban dynamics. However, how to quantify this consistency and identify the associated region groups are open questions. In this study, we introduce the consensus OD network to quantify the consistency of community affiliation among regions. Furthermore, the temporally stable community decomposition method is proposed to identify groups of regions with high internal and low external consistency (named "stable groups"), where each group consists of temporally stable cores and attaching peripheries. Wuhan taxi data is used to verify our methods. On the hourly time scale, eleven stable groups containing 82.9 % of regions are identified. This high percentage suggests that dynamic communities can be well organized via cores. Moreover, stable groups are spatially closed and more likely to distribute within a single district and separated by water bodies. Cores exhibit higher point of interest (POI) entropy and more healthcare and shopping services than peripheries. Our methods and empirical findings contribute to some practical issues, such as urban area division, polycentric evaluation and construction, and infectious disease control. • Community evolution throughout the day is analyzed from the stability perspective • Consensus origin-destination network is introduced to quantify the consistency of community affiliation among regions • Region groups with high internal and low external consistency are detected, each comprising cores and peripheries • Groups are more likely to distribute within a single district and separated by water bodies • Cores have a higher point of interest entropy and the number of shopping and healthcare services than peripheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a hybrid material based on CoFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles immobilized on reduced graphene oxide (CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO) was successfully synthesized through a one-step green solvothermal method. Subsequently, the resultant CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO was further modified by aminopropyltriethoxysilane to form the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO hybrid, serving as the filler of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF). The facile preparation of A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO was confirmed through various microstructural characterization techniques. PVDF-based composites with varying contents of A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO (1 wt%, 3 wt%, 5 wt%, 7 wt%, and 10 wt%) were prepared using a solution-mixing approach. SEM results revealed uniform distribution of the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO filler within the PVDF matrix. The XPS results indicated an obvious interfacial interaction between the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO filler and PVDF matrix. Consequently, the crystallization degree and β crystalline content of PVDF matrix in the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO(7 wt%)/PVDF composite were enhanced to 52.3 % and 32.1 %, respectively, compared to 42.2 % and 26.0 %, respectively, in pure PVDF. The A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO(10 wt%)/PVDF composite enhanced electrical conductivity and dielectric constant at 100 Hz, with values of 1.33 × 10−7 S/m and 22.1, respectively, compared to 1.86 × 10−9 S/m and 8.6, respectively, in pure PVDF. In addition, despite the non-magnetic nature of pure PVDF, the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO(10 wt%)/PVDF composite possessed a magnetization value of 1.64 emu/g at 60,000 Oe. The comprehensive enhancement in crystallization behavior, electrical, dielectric, and magnetic properties demonstrates the potential of the A-CoFe 2 O 4 @rGO/PVDF composite for various applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on spectral similarity measure, a unified spectral similarity‐based framework is developed to generate a new series of spectral similarity‐based features for hyperspectral image classification by using classifier, such as support vector machine(SVM). First, a reference spectral signature was defined according to the original hyperspectral data. The reference spectral signature can be chosen as the uniform line or the average of the original data. Second, the proposed features were produced by calculating the spectral similarity measures between each pixel's and the reference spectral signature. The experiment result shows that these proposed features can improve hyperspectral image classification accuracies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pentasacme malipoense C. Liu & Y.H. Tan and P. tubulosum C. Liu, X.J. Hu & Y.H. Tan are two new species from Yunnan, China, which are described and illustrated in this study. Molecular phylogenies using the nrITS, rps16 and trnT-F datasets support these two new species formed a clade in the genus Pentasacme, then as the sister to P. caudatum, which is the only Chinese species hitherto included in phylogenetic studies. Pentasacme tubulosum can be clearly distinguished from the other five recognized species of this genus by its tubular corolla and tube much longer than lobes. Pentasacme malipoense is characterized by having campanulate and deeply lobed corolla, tube much shorter than lobes, corolline coronas present and inverted conical style-head, which is remarkably different from its sister species P. tubulosum. In addition, P. malipoense differs from P. caudatum by the reddish pedicels and calyces, oblong-lanceolate corolla lobes, staminal coronas present and inverted conical style-head, and from P. wallichii and P. shanense by its lanceolate leaf blades, reddish pedicels and calyces, both corolline coronas and staminal coronas present, purple-red anther appendages and inverted conical style-head. Furthermore, for illustrating the two species, diagnostic characters, photographs, morphological descriptions, distribution, and habitat are also provided, as well as the geographical distribution and the diagnostic key to all recognized species of Pentasacme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A readily available chiral cyclohexanediamine‐derived bifunctional tertiary amine‐squaramide catalyst is more effective for the asymmetric dearomative 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of 2‐nitrobenzofurans and N‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethylisatin ketimines. A range of structurally diverse spiro‐fused polyheterocyclic compounds containing oxindole, pyrrolidine, and hydrobenzofuran motifs were smoothly obtained in excellent results (up to 99% yield, >20:1 dr in all cases and up to 99% ee). This method features high efficiency, mild reaction conditions, exquisite asymmetric induction, wide functional group tolerance, great potential for scale‐up synthesis, and attractive product diversification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Livehouse is a small venue for live music performance, a term commonly used in the Asian context. This article adopts an insider's perspective to look at the connections between livehouse and its audiences. Instead of treating spaces and objects as silent textures of live music experiences, we regard livehouse as an active site filled with ideas and feelings. The meaning of livehouse is made by audiences through both human and non-human agents and extends to the broader social and cultural context of Shanghai. By highlighting the power of things and networking in between, this article combines the affordance theory to illustrate the experiential dimensions and interpretive processes of livehouse audiences in Shanghai. Drawing on ethnographic data from 26 in-depth interviews and participant observation, we conclude the social, cultural, and emotional affordances of livehouses perceived through tangible and intangible objects and settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite much efforts to stabilize sodium metal anodes for promoting their commercial applications, achieving a safe cycling process without intrinsic dendrite growth remains difficult owing to the unstable reaction interface and irregular sodium metal propagation. Herein, fluorine‐superdoped carbon nanotubes with a fluorine content of 14.38 at% are achieved using a new oxidation‐assisted plasma strategy, and then alternately assembled with cellulose nanofibrils to form periodical conductive/dielectric composite paper with outstanding mechanical properties. The superdoping of fluorine facilitates the construction of a NaF‐dominated solid electrolyte interphase layer, while the periodical conductive/dielectric network re‐homogenizes electric field distribution around irregular sodium protrusions, realizing a "bottom‐up" sodium orientation deposition and the "self‐correction" functionality during sodium plating/stripping process. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the specific oxygen species (CO/CO) and fluorine species (semi‐ionic CF/covalent CF2) on the surface of carbon matrix, could remarkably trap active fluorine fragments and generate NaF with sodium metal, respectively, which promotes the superdoping of fluorine and forms dendrite‐free sodium anodes. This delicate structure renders the sodium anodes a low nucleation overpotential of ≈7 mV, high Coulombic efficiency of 99.5% over 300 cycles at 3 mA cm−2, stable operation for up to 2100 h under ≈16 mV, and excellent full battery performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protoporphyrinogen IX (Protogen IX) oxidase (PPO) catalyzes the oxidation of Protogen IX to Proto IX. PPO is also the target site for diphenyl ether-type herbicides. In plants, there are two PPO encoding genes, PPO1 and PPO2. To date, no PPO gene or mutant has been characterized in monocotyledonous plants. In this study, we isolated a spotted and rolled leaf (sprl1) mutant in rice (Oryza sativa). The spotted leaf phenotype was sensitive to high light intensity and low temperature, but the rolled leaf phenotype was insensitive. We confirmed that the sprl1 phenotypes were caused by a single nucleotide substitution in the OsPPO1 (LOC_Os01g18320) gene. This gene is constitutively expressed, and its encoded product is localized to the chloroplast. The sprl1 mutant accumulated excess Proto(gen) IX and reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in necrotic lesions. The expressions of 26 genes associated with tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, photosynthesis, ROS accumulation, and rolled leaf were significantly altered in sprl1, demonstrating that these expression changes were coincident with the mutant phenotypes. Importantly, OsPPO1-overexpression transgenic plants were resistant to the herbicides oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen under field conditions, while having no distinct influence on plant growth and grain yield. These finding indicate that the OsPPO1 gene has the potential to engineer herbicide resistance in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Cholecystectomy is performed for most gallbladder polyps (GPs). However, cholecystectomy results concerning complications in some patients. For benign GPs, adoption of gallbladder-preserving surgery is worth to recommend. We describe our experiences performing gallbladder-preserving polypectomy for GPs by embryonic-natural orifice transumbilical endoscopic surgery (E-NOTES) with a gastric endoscopy.Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with GPs who underwent gallbladder-preserving polypectomy by E-NOTES with a gastric endoscopy from April 2018 to September 2019 in our hospital. The operative time, intraoperative hemorrhage, intraoperative and postoperative complications, gallbladder emptying function were obtained and analyzed.Results: The procedure was performed successfully in all 12 patients with 5 cases of single polyp and 7 cases of multiple polyps. The range of GPs size was 2 mm to 15 mm. The mean operation time was (95.33 ± 23.08) minutes (55-135 min). There were no adverse events including heavy bleeding, mortality and conversion to open surgery during operation. All patients were discharged in 4-5 days after surgery without postoperative complications such as delayed bleeding, fever, peritonitis, intra-abdominal abscess and abdominal wall incisional hernia. All patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperation who had almost no visible incision on the umbilical region, no recurrent GPs. The gallbladder emptying function decreased one month after surgery, and gradually improved 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.Conclusion: E-NOTES gallbladder-preserving polypectomy is a safe and effective option for patients with GPs and is close to scar-free surgery which can be performed in routine clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Participation in public space is widely recognized as a means for deepening social inclusion. Recent developments in urban participation have seen an intertwining relationship between art, technology, and activism. This article presents a comparative study of two protests regarding the transformation of two public spaces: Donghu in Wuhan, China, and Federation Square in Melbourne, Australia. We aim to compare and contrast how art functions in the processes and results of the protests in each country's socio-political contexts. Both possessing artistic and activist components, the Donghu protest played out as a disguised form of occupation that failed eventually. The case of Federation Square engaged with both artist activism and direct political engagement that ended in triumph for the activists. In both cases, art was mobilized to mediate a broader range of communications and prompt social change. The latter case took a relatively elitist approach than the former by relying on informed activists and working within a liberal democratic framework. Nonetheless, both protests showcase public agency and subjectivity despite different socio-political contexts. This paper argues that analyzing the role of art in urban protests can provide new insights into the esthetic modes of resistance in conflicts over the transformation of urban space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To elucidate the biological mechanism of yellow rind formation on watermelon, the characteristics of soil bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria in stem of yellow rind watermelon were analyzed. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, plant stem and rhizosphere soil samples, which collected from yellow and green rind watermelons were used in this paper, respectively. The structural characteristics of the endophytic bacteria in stems and soil bacterial communities in rhizospheres of yellow and green rind watermelons were comparative studied. Firstly, significant different proportions of some dominant bacteria and abundances could be detected between yellow and rind watermelons. Meanwhile, although different abundances of endophytic bacteria could be found, but no significant differences were observed between yellow and green rind watermelons. Moreover, Gemmatimonadota, Myxococcota, WPS-2, norank_f_Gemmatimonadaceae and Bradyrhizobium were the soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizosphere of green rind watermelon. All above results suggest that differences of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria are exactly recruited as "workers" by different watermelon phenotypes relating to rind color formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To elucidate the biological mechanism of yellow rind formation on watermelon, the characteristics of soil bacterial community structure in rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria in stem of yellow rind watermelon were analyzed. Based on high-throughput sequencing technology, plant stem and rhizosphere soil samples, which collected from yellow and green rind watermelons were used in this paper, respectively. The structural characteristics of the endophytic bacteria in stems and soil bacterial communities in rhizospheres of yellow and green rind watermelons were comparative studied. Firstly, significant different proportions of some dominant bacteria and abundances could be detected between yellow and rind watermelons. Meanwhile, although different abundances of endophytic bacteria could be found, but no significant differences were observed between yellow and green rind watermelons. Moreover, Gemmatimonadota, Myxococcota, WPS-2, norank_f_Gemmatimonadaceae and Bradyrhizobium were the soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizosphere of green rind watermelon. All above results suggest that differences of rhizospheric and endophytic bacteria are exactly recruited as "workers" by different watermelon phenotypes relating to rind color formations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecdysone‐induced protein 93F (E93) plays important roles during the metamorphosis process in insects. In this study, a cDNA of the LmE93 gene was identified from the transcriptome of Locusta migratoria, which consists of the 3378‐nucleotide open‐reading frame (ORF) and encodes 1125 amino acids with helix–turn–helix (HTH) motifs. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that LmE93 was highest expressed in ovary. The LmE93 expression level was markedly low from the 3rd to 4th instar nymphs, and greatly increased in 1‐day‐old 5th instar nymphs with a peak on middle nymphal days, then declined in the late nymphal days. Moreover, injected dsLmE93 into 4th and 5th instar nymphs greatly reduced LmE93 transcripts, respectively, and prevented the process of metamorphosis, causing supernumerary nymphal stages. Hematoxylin–eosin staining of the integument showed that the apolysis occurred in advance in 4th instar nymphs, and old cuticle degradation was decreased in dsLmE93‐injected locusts of 5th instar nymphs. Smaller and no fully developed wings with reduced columns between the anterior and posterior regions were found in N6 and N7 supernumerary nymphs. In addition, the development of the ovary in dsLmE93‐injected locusts was severely blocked, the yolk was almost not formed and there was no development of ovarioles. The results indicated that LmE93 play key roles in the metamorphosis, cuticle, wing and ovarian development of locusts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the extension of isometries is considered for some operators between the unit spheres of two real p-normed spaces ( 0 < p ≤ 1 ) under some nonexpansivity and expansivity assumptions. In the light of the characteristics of p-normed spaces, the notion of isometry is generalized to the case of r-isometries. By virtue of the technique of dual spaces, it is proved that such operators can be extended from the unit sphere to the whole space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disordered nucleation sites and a fragile solid electrolyte interphase on the reactive interface tend to cause uncontrolled growth of lithium dendrites, which induce severe safety concerns and prevent lithium metal batteries from finding practical applications. Herein, novel stepped carbon nanosheets with abundant step edges and ultra‐high fluorine content (37.44 at%) are fabricated by combining an improved molten salt synthesis method with C4F8 vacuum plasma treatment. The solvent‐induced spatial confinement effect, i.e., orientation carbonization of pitch macromolecules, leads to the formation of step‐edge‐enriched nanoarrays. Meanwhile, the adequate exposure of edge sites on the basal plane of carbon nanosheets is conducive to achieve the ultra‐efficient doping of elemental fluorine in only 10 min. Further experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the coupling effect of sufficient edge sites and active semi‐ionic CF/covalent CF2 groups on the carbon surface can not only form 2D fluorinated lithium chain and a robust LiF network, but also effectively facilitate Li ion redox kinetics and morphological stability, presenting a step‐edge‐guided plating process. As such, the developed anodes deliver an ultra‐low nucleation overpotential (≈10.5 mV), high Coulombic efficiency (>98% over 385 cycles), ultra‐long cycling duration for up to 3000 h under ≈10 mV, and excellent full battery performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inducing maturation of the ovaries to enable the production of good-quality eggs is critical for the successful artificial breeding of Anguilla japonica. During the spawning season, however, the ovaries of A. japonica have been found to develop into asynchronous clutches, impeding the success of artificial breeding on a commercial scale. The dynamic molecular regulation of follicular development in the same individual was assessed by transcriptome analysis of the five stages of follicles, the pre-vitellogenic, early vitellogenic, midvitellogenic, late vitellogenic, and migratory nucleus stages in artificial maturing A. japonica. Comparisons across these developmental stages identified a total of 19,298 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs). Short time-series expression miner analysis across these DETs revealed four significant expression profiles. Gene Ontology function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses found that some of the significantly enriched biological processes and metabolic pathways included those related to steroid hormone biosynthesis (cyp11a1 , cyp17a1 , cyp17a2 , hsd17b1 , and hsd17b12), cargo receptor activity (vtgr and vldlr), meiosis and ovulation (pgrs and mPRγ), hydration (cts and aqp1), and egg coat formation (zp). These genes and pathways were associated with serum 17β-estradiol concentrations and morphological changes. The levels of hsd17b12 and mPRγ mRNAs were much higher during the migratory nucleus stage, suggesting their respective involvement in the biosynthesis and functional pathway of the maturation-inducing steroid 17α,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one. The gene subtypes aqp1b and ctsd may regulate water influx into oocytes and yolk protein proteolysis, respectively. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to describe combined transcriptome profiling of asynchronously developing follicles in the same individual. The findings suggest that steroid hormone synthesis and nutrient absorption in follicular somatic cells play important roles during follicular development and maturation, despite the same external physiological surroundings. • Abundances of maternal transcripts regulated asynchronous follicles maturation. • hsd17b12 encodes for 20β-HSD enzyme that converts 17-OHP to DHP. • mPRγ might mediate the role of DHP in meiotic maturation of oocyte. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lung cancer remains a huge challenge to public health because of its high incidence and mortality, and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the main subtype of lung cancer. Hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release and angiogenesis have been regarded as critical events in LUAD carcinogenesis. In the present study, membrane progesterone receptor α (mPRα) is deregulated within LUAD tissue samples; increased mPRα contributes to a higher microvessel density (MVD) in LUAD tissues. mPRα knockdown in A549 and PC-9 cells significantly inhibited STAT3 phosphorylation, as well as HIF1α and VEGF protein levels, decreasing cancer cell migration and invasion. The in vivo xenograft model further confirmed that mPRα enhanced the aggressiveness of LUAD cells. Furthermore, mPRα knockdown significantly inhibited hypoxia-induced upregulation in HIF1α and VEGF levels, as well as LUAD cell migration and invasion. Under the hypoxic condition, conditioned medium (CM) derived from mPRα knockdown A549 cells, namely si-mPRα-CM, significantly inhibited HUVEC migration and tube formation and decreased VEGF level in the culture medium. In contrast, CM derived from mPRα-overexpressing A549 cells, namely mPRα-CM, further enhanced HUVEC migration and tube formation and increased VEGF level under hypoxia, which was partially reversed by STAT3 inhibitor Stattic. In conclusion, in LUAD cells, highly expressed mPRα enhances the activation of cAMP/JAK/STAT3 signaling and increases HIF1α-induced VEGF secretion into the tumor microenvironment, promoting HUVEC migration and tube formation under hypoxia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an automated high-speed die edge detection framework, based on improved K-Mean and landscape analysis, that is highly suitable to be implemented in precision engineering for optical non-destructive testing of die-level defects inspection in the semiconductor industry. This paper specifically aims to achieve high accuracy (or yield) of greater than 99.95% with stable performance within a short computation time (i.e. less than 20 ms). To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework, it is validated using three production units (i.e. Production unit A: 6000 units; Production unit B: 3500 units; Production unit C: 4000 units) and is benchmarked to two baseline edge detection methods, namely cross-correlation and normalised cross-correlation methods, as well as state-of-the-art vision libraries, recent works, and several conventional edge detection methods. The results obtained show that the proposed framework is capable of performing die edge detection with promising accuracy and stable performance by achieving 100.0% yield in all three production units, having outperformed the benchmarking methods. Also, the overall computation time (considering die edge detection and die rotation) of the proposed framework is short, at approximately 15 ms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic area coverage algorithm is often used in multiple unmanned aerial vehicle (multi-UAV) systems to realize searching or monitoring an area of interest (AOI). Improving coverage efficiency is one of the important research issues of dynamic area coverage. In this paper, we propose a distributed dynamic area coverage algorithm based on a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm to enhance the coverage efficiency in complex application environments. A coverage information fusion based discrete soft actor–critic algorithm (herein FDSAC) is proposed to solve the non-stationary problem of RL algorithm in area coverage task under the communication constraint environment. Considering the equivalence of UAVs in the area coverage tasks, we introduce a multi-UAV cooperative learning method for FDSAC by sharing the strategy and experience of the UAVs to accelerate the learning speed of FDSAC in multi-UAV system. With the FDSAC algorithm, the UAVs can intelligently select the best coverage points and achieve almost optimal coverage point planning for the entire coverage process. In addition, we also provide a coverage point adjustment method based on the distribution of obstacles to enable the proposed algorithm adapt to obstacle environments. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can efficiently complete the area coverage task in complex communication and stochastic control noise environment. The good scalability, environment adaptability, and practicality of our algorithm have been also confirmed in different complex environments of different experimental platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Battery lifetime is a key factor in the optimal design of hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs). However, the integration of both battery calendar and cycle lifetimes into HRES design optimization poses challenges in achieving high computational efficiency and ensuring global optimality. In this work, a battery lifetime model considering both calendar and cycle lifetimes is adopted for the simultaneous sizing and scheduling optimization of photovoltaics-wind-battery systems. To reduce computational complexity, the nonlinear term originated from the minimum function, which determines the actual battery lifetime as the earlier-reached one of calendar and cycle lifetimes, is reformulated into a mixed integer linear programming framework. This modified model is then applied to conduct HRES design optimization in China, utilizing climate and load data with 0.5° × 0.5° spatial resolution. High-resolution results not only validate the wide applicability and satisfactory computational efficiency of the proposed model, but also underline the economic importance of incorporating both calendar and cycle lifetimes in system design. It is found that lifecycle costs of stand-alone and grid-connected HRESs could be reduced by 5000k CNY and 22,600k CNY in over 50% of the resource-abundant areas in China, respectively. Moreover, it is discovered that costs of HRESs might apparently increase when local maximum consecutive rainy days (MCRD) exceeds 3, suggesting that MCRD could be a useful indicator to assess system feasibility in diverse locations. This work provides efficient tools and valuable insights that could be generalized worldwide to assist investors and governments in the system siting, evaluation and design processes. • Design optimization of PV-wind-battery system is conducted across China. • A mode efficient model is used to integrate battery calendar and cycle lifetimes. • High-spatial-resolution analysis is performed for both on-grid and off-grid modes. • Incorporating both battery lifetimes greatly reduces cost under certain scenarios. • Maximum consecutive rainy days significantly impacts system design and cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skeleton-based methods have made remarkable strides in human action recognition (HAR). However, the performance of existing unimodal approaches is still limited by the lack of diverse visual features in skeleton data. Concretely, due to the absence of interaction information between individuals and objects, skeleton-based methods tend to confuse similar actions. Moreover, the view invariant property of unimodal models is susceptible to restrictions. In this work, we propose an innovative skeleton-guided multimodal data fusion methodology that transforms depth, RGB, and optical flow modalities into human-centric images (HCI) based on keypoint sequences. Building upon this foundation, we introduce a human-centric multimodal fusion network (HCMFN), which can comprehensively extract the action patterns of different modalities. Our model significantly enhances the performance of skeleton-based techniques, achieving remarkable results with rapid inference speed. Extensive experiments on two large-scale multimodal datasets, namely NTU RGB+D and NTU RGB+D 120, validate the capacity of HCMFN to bolster the robustness of skeleton-based methods in two challenging HAR tasks: (1) discriminating between actions with subtle inter-class differences, and (2) recognizing actions from varying viewpoints. Compared to state-of-the-art multimodal methods, our HCMFN achieves exciting results. • We propose a human-centric approach to multimodal preprocessing. • We introduce an auxiliary model with strong generalization capability. • Our method assists skeleton-based models in recognizing similar actions. • Our model enhances the view-invariant properties of skeleton-based methods. • Enhancing robustness while only slightly increasing time complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to optimize the exterior wall insulation of different orientations to further reduce the heating and cooling energy consumption of office buildings, and to analyze its economic, energy and carbon saving potential in China. A six-story office building was selected as the case building and its energy consumption was evaluated using TRNSYS, considering variations in latitude, window-to-wall ratio, aspect ratio, and exterior wall U -values of four orientations. In addition, the exterior wall insulation in four directions was optimized by coupling artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The main results showed that in the 20°N to 40°N region of China, the GA-optimized exterior wall U -values were highest in the southern direction, followed by the eastern and western directions, and finally the northern direction. In addition, overall, the optimal combination of exterior wall U -values showed a trend of high at low latitudes and low at high latitudes, and increased with increasing WWR and decreased with increasing AR. Finally, compared to the exterior wall requirements for energy efficient buildings in GB 55015-2021, the optimized office buildings at low altitude in China showed a 3.26 %, 6.77 % and 6.59 % reduction in ALCC , total energy consumption and total carbon emissions respectively. • An economic optimization method for the exterior wall insulation based on wall orientation was proposed. • The optimal combination of exterior wall U -values was obtained. • The variation of the optimal exterior wall U -value with latitude was obtained by polynomial curve fitting. • The economic, energy and carbon saving potentials of the proposed method were analyzed by comparing with GB 55015-2021. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of an optimal power scheduling strategy is vital for the optimal design of the integrated electric vehicle (EV) charging station with photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS). However, traditional design methods always neglect accurate PV power modeling and adopt overly simplistic EV charging strategies, which might result in suboptimal and infeasible designs. This study proposes a novel simultaneous capacity configuration and scheduling optimization model for PV/BESS integrated EV charging stations, which combines hybrid modeling for PV power prediction and optimal scheduling method for charging piles. The original model is then converted to a mixed integer linear programming problem by the Big-M method to greatly reduce the computational complexity. A typical scenario of commercial region is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results indicate that the approach could improve economic benefits by 15.67 % and reduce carbon emissions by 37.14 % compared with the entire grid-based mode. Besides, integrating the PV hybrid modeling method and optimal charging scheduling strategy could achieve superior capacity configurations and greatly improve the comprehensive performance of the system. It is thus illustrated that the approach could provide a promising solution for the optimal design and scheduling of PV/BESS integrated EV charging stations. [Display omitted] • A novel design optimization for PV/BESS integrated EV charging station is proposed. • A low-complexity mixed integer linear programming model is built by Big-M method. • Integrating the PV hybrid model could achieve a superior capacity configuration. • Optimal charging scheduling method is integrated to reduce PV/BESS design capacity. • Economic benefit increases by 15.67 % and carbon emission reduces by 37.14 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a reflectionless ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter (BPF) is proposed based on complementary diplexer, which is composed of a BPF and two bandstop filters (BSFs). BSFs are added to the two ports of the BPF as the auxiliary channels. At the same time, resistors are connected to the terminals of the BSFs to absorb stopband signals of the BPF reflected back to the source. Among them, the BPF consists of four broadside coupled lines of suspended coplanar waveguide-microstrip (SCPW-MS), and the BSF consists of a coupled line and an open-circuited stub. The two complement each other to form the reflectionless UWB BPF. As an example, a reflectionless UWB BPF with center frequency of 5.3 GHz, fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 113 %, and minimum insertion loss of 0.5 dB has been successfully developed. The fabricated device has the advantages of low loss, UWB and self-packaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Quinolone-containing triple therapy has been considered as the second-line therapy for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). At present, there are no data to show the efficacy and safety of antofloxacin-based rescue therapy for the eradication of H. pylori, and this pilot clinical trial was designed. Methods: A total of 196 patients who failed H. pylori eradication using the clarithromycin-based or metronidazole-based triple or bismuth quadruple therapy were randomly allocated to one of the following rescue eradication therapy groups: AEA group (antofloxacin 200 mg once daily, esomeprazole 20 mg + amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily) for 14 days, or LEA group (levofloxacin 500 mg once daily, esomeprazole 20 mg + amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily) for 14 days. The minimal inhibitory concentrations were tested by the E-test method. The gyrA mutation was analyzed by sequencing. Follow-up 13/14C-urea breath test was examined at 1 month after discontinuation. Results: A total of 178 eligible patients were included in this study. The eradication rate was significantly higher in AEA group than in LEA group according to both ITT (87.6% vs. 68.5%; P = 0.002) and PP analyses (90.7% vs. 70.1%; P = 0.001). ITT analyses indicated that the eradication rate was significantly higher in AEA group than in LEA group with Asn87 mutation (78.9% vs. 31.3%; P = 0.005) and levofloxacin-resistant strains (76.9% vs. 44.2%; P = 0.003). Two groups exhibited similar adverse event rates (AEA 14.6% vs. LEA 20.2%, P = 0.323). Conclusions: The findings showed that antofloxacin may be a promising candidate in rescue therapy for H. pylori eradication failure in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a promising diagnostic and prognostic marker for many cancers and has been actively investigated in recent years. Previous studies have already demonstrated the potential use of ctDNA methylation markers in the diagnosis and prognostication of colorectal cancer (CRC). This retrospective study validated the value of methylation biomarker MYO1-G (cg10673833) in CRC diagnosis and disease monitoring using digital droplet PCR (ddPCR), a biomarker selected from our previous study due to its highest diagnostic efficiency. Methods: Blood samples of CRC and control samples from tumor-free individuals at two institutions were collected to quantify the methylation ratio using ddPCR. Area under curve (AUC) was calculated after constructing receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) for CRC diagnosis. Sensitivity and specificity were estimated and comparisons of methylation ratio in different groups were performed. Results: We collected 673 blood samples from 272 patients diagnosed with stage I-IV CRC and 402 normal control samples. The methylation biomarker discriminated patients with CRC from normal controls with high accuracy (area under curve [AUC] = 0.94) and yielded a sensitivity of 84.3% and specificity of 94.5%. Besides, methylation ratio of MYO1-G was associated with tumor burden and treatment response. The methylation ratio was significantly lower in patients after their radical operation than when compared with those before surgeries (P < 0.001). Methylation ratio was significantly higher in patients with disease progression than those with stable disease (P = 0.002) and those with complete response or partial response (P = 0.009). Conclusions: Together, our study indicated that this methylation marker can serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosing and monitoring CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To select an eco-friendly nitrogen (N) application level for sugarcane production, soil fertility and soil bacterial diversity under different nitrogen application levels were analyzed. Four levels of urea applications were high Nitrogen (H, 964 kg ha−1), medium Nitrogen (M, 482 kg ha−1), low Nitrogen (L, 96 kg ha−1) and no Nitrogen (CK, 0 kg ha−1) treatments, respectively. The results showed that the soil microbial biomass carbon and phosphorus were altered significantly by CK and L treatments. Moreover, the indexes of soil bacterial richness and diversity in the sugarcane field could be significantly improved by L. At the genus level, SC-I-84, Mycobacterium, Micropepsaceae, Saccharimonadales, Subgroup_2 and Acetobacteraceae were the unique dominant bacteria in the soil with the H treatment. JG30-KF-CM45 and Jatrophihabitans were the unique dominant genera in the M treatment. Subgroup_6, HSB_OF53-F07, Streptomyces, 67–14, SBR1031 and KD4-96 were the unique dominant genera in the L treatment. In contrast, FCPS473, Actinospica, 1921–2, Sinomonas, and Ktedonobacteraceae were the unique dominant genera in the CK treatment. The findings suggest that soil fertility all could be changed by different N application levels, but the most increasing integral effect only could be found in L. Moreover, even though soil bacterial richness could be significantly promoted by the M and H treatments, but soil bacterial diversity could not be significantly improved. On the contrary, soil bacterial diversity and richness all could be improved by L treatment. In addition, higher abundance of unique soil dominant bacteria could be only found in L treatment which compared to the CK, M and H treatments. These findings suggest that the rate of 96 kg ha−1 N application is ecofriendly for sugarcane production in Guangxi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A matched negative group delay (NGD) circuit with ultra‐low insertion loss by using self‐packaged multi‐layer suspended line is proposed. Two transmission paths with different electric‐lengths are used to produce positive phase slope, which would bring a negative group delay, while a coupled line is used for matching, and the commonly applied absorption resistors are not required. The NGD circuit has been fabricated and measured, and the design has been demonstrated with a measured NGD time of −2.84 ns, a NGD bandwidth of 34 MHz, a low insertion loss/signal attenuation (S21) of no more than 2.73 dB, and a S11 attenuation of about 27.8 dB. Both self‐packaging and metallized air cavities are used to reduce the wave leakage, and the multiple via holes usually used for electromagnetic shielding are saved, which greatly reduce the fabrication complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sex hormone dependence is associated with tumor progression and prognosis. Here, we explored the molecular basis of luminal A-like phenotype in sex hormone-dependent cancers. RNA-sequencing data from 8 cancer types were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We investigated the enrichment function of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in luminal A breast cancer (BRCA). Weighted coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to identify gene modules associated with the luminal A-like phenotype, and we calculated the module's preservation in 8 cancer types. Module hub genes screened using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to construct a gene signature model for the luminal A-like phenotype, and we assessed the model's relationship with prognosis, enriched pathways, and immune infiltration using bioinformatics approaches. Compared to other BRCA subtypes, the enrichment functions of upregulated genes in luminal A BRCA were related to hormone biological processes and receptor activity, and the downregulated genes were associated with the cell cycle and nuclear division. A gene module significantly associated with luminal A BRCA was shared by uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), leading to a similar phenotype. Fifteen hub genes were used to construct a gene signature model for the assessment of the luminal A-like phenotype, and the corrected C -statistics and Brier scores were 0.986 and 0.023, respectively. Calibration plots showed good performance, and decision curve analysis indicated a high net benefit of the model. The 15-gene signature model was associated with better overall survival in BRCA and UCEC and was characterized by downregulation of DNA replication, cell cycle and activated CD4 T cells. In conclusion, our study elucidated that BRCA and UCEC share a similar sex hormone-dependent phenotype and constructed a 15-gene signature model for use as a prognostic tool to quantify the probability of the phenotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide a complete characterization on when the Hausdorff and topological Hausdorff dimension of a given Bedford–McMullen carpet coincide. These two dimensions have a common value if and only if the carpet is either the Cartesian product of [ 0 , 1 ] and a self-similar set, or it is one of the two diagonals of the unit square. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A distance cartogram is a deformed map where the distance between points conforms to a specific proximity indicator. Its readability is crucial, requiring a similar spatial arrangement of points between the original map and cartogram. Previous studies mainly incorporated angle changes of point pairs into the optimization objective. However, this soft constraint fails to provide high readability for spatial interaction data with numerous points and links. This study emphasizes the significance of maintaining Delaunay triangulation during deformation. To achieve this, topology‐constrained particle swarm optimization (TC‐PSO) is proposed, in which triangle intersections and flipping are prevented during optimization. Additionally, a topology error is introduced to evaluate the difference in triangulation between the original and deformed maps. TC‐PSO outperforms previous approaches by exhibiting the smallest topology error and producing more readable cartograms in simulation experiments and Baidu index data. These show TC‐PSO's advantage as a cartographic tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the secure control problem of the unknown cyber-physical systems (CPSs) with the sparse actuator attacks. First, a data-driven residual generator design method via a full-rank transformation matrix is given to detect the actuator attacks. Based on the detection mechanism, an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) approach within the output-feedback framework is then developed to solve the optimal secure control problem, where a model-dependent value function is presented by combining adaptive self-organizing map neural network and clustering technology. By using the iterative learning algorithm and designing an appropriate neural network weight update law, it is shown that the secure control strategy can guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system regardless of whether the attack occurs or not and mitigate the performance loss. Finally, a numerical simulation example and a DC motor system are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed secure control method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is noted that using complex Hessian equations and the concavity inequalities for elementary symmetric polynomials implies a generalized form of Hodge index inequality. Inspired by this result, using Gårding's theory for hyperbolic polynomials, we obtain a mixed Hodge-index type theorem for classes of type |$(1,1)$|⁠. The new feature is that this Hodge-index type theorem holds with respect to mixed polarizations in which some satisfy particular positivity condition but could be degenerate and even negative along some directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]