Search

El sector agropecuario es uno de los componentes económicos más importantes para el desarrollo de las zonas rurales en Latinoamérica; favorece progresivamente la calidad de vida, garantiza seguridad alimentaria y alivia la pobreza. El actual crecimiento poblacionaldemanda el uso racional de recursos naturales para cubrir las necesidades nutricionales, ante esto, es esencialla intensificación de los sistemas agroalimentarios mediante iniciativas de manejo sostenible a favor degranjas eficientes, ecológicas y competitivas. Con el ritmo y complejidad que caracterizan la comprensión científica, grandes esfuerzos paratransformar la agricultura hacia la productividad sosteniblese han realizado en los últimos años, pese a ello, existen diferentes enfoques metodológicos que abordan el desarrollo sostenible, sin concluir en una técnica fácil de comprender y compartir entre los productores, que les permita medir el nivel de sostenibilidad que atraviesa su granja. A continuación se documenta que los sistemas agrícolas son complejos, poseen un conjunto de conexiones, dimensiones y propiedades compatibles con la dinámica biológica y social. En este sentido, el investigador debe diseñar su método científico, sin ambigüedades ni intuiciones, teniendo en cuenta la nueva orientación del pensamiento sistémico, mediante el uso de herramientas numéricas (índices, indicadores) que abordan la complejidad. The agricultural sector is one of the most important economic components for the development of rural areas in Latin America; it progressively favors the quality of life guarantees food security and alleviates poverty. The current population growth demands the rational use of natural resources to cover nutritional needs, given this, it is essential to intensify agri-food systems through sustainable management initiatives in favor of efficient, ecological, and competitive farms. With the rhythm and complexity that characterize scientific understanding, great efforts to transform agriculture towards sustainable productivity have been made in recent years, despite this, different methodological approaches address sustainable development, without concluding in an easy technique of understanding and share among the producers, allowing them to measure the level of sustainability that their farm goes through. Below is documented that agricultural systems are complex, have a set of connections, dimensions, and properties compatible with biological and social dynamics. In this regard, the researcher must design his scientific method, without ambiguities or intuitions, taking into account the new orientation of systemic thinking, through the use of numerical tools (indices, indicators) that deal with complexity. 237-283 uzcateguij@unesur.edu.ve Cuatrimestral www.saber.ula.ve/fermentum

The article considers a new direction of formation of pedagogical culture on the basis of professional identity of future primary school teachers and in their interrelation. The basic concepts for them are common terms: training, professiogram, professionalism, identity, pedagogical technologies, pedagogical conditions. By pedagogical culture we understand the integrative quality of the teacher, the condition and prerequisite for effective pedagogical activity. By professional identity we understand a set of emotional-behavioral and cognitive manifestations of personality in the process of professional development and ideas about their own professional capabilities, abilities, the dependency of environmental requirements on reality. The study of methodological and scientific-pedagogical approaches revealed the commonality of the formation of pedagogical culture and professional identity: epistemological, complex, personal, activity, systemic, acmeological, axiological, synergetic, integrative, praxeological and culturological. The common principles of these processes are revealed: scientificity, accessibility, objectivity, concreteness, historicism, differentiation and individualization, connection of theory with practice. The mechanism of formation of professional identity has distinctive features against pedagogical culture and occurs according to the scheme: identification − identity − self-identity - professional identity. The basis is identity (it characterizes the pedagogical culture), in which there are three types: psychophysiological (unity of physiological and mental processes of the body); social (system of properties of a social individual, group); personal (Ego-identity), which is the unity of life, goals, motives, life values, the meaning of the guidelines of the individual., Мета статті: обґрунтувати роль професійної ідентичності у формуванні педагогічної культури майбутніх учителів початкової школи. Окреслені завдання розв’язувались теоретичними методами дослідження: аналіз, синтез, систематизація, порівняння, моделювання та узагальнення — для опрацювання наукових джерел, з теоретичних основ формування професійної ідентичності майбутніх учителів початкових класів. У статті актуалізовано проблему взаємозв’язку формування педагогічної культури і професійної ідентичності майбутніх учителів початкової школи. Здійснено обґрунтування ролі професійної ідентичності у формуванні педагогічної культури майбутніх учителів початкової школи. Встановлено зв’язок, що базується на спільних методологічних і науковопедагогічних підходах (гносеологічний, особистісний, діяльнісний, системний, акмеологічний, аксіологічний, синергетичний, інтегративний, праксеологічний і культурологічний) та принципах (науковості, доступності, об’єктивності, конкретності, історизму, диференціації і індивідуалізації, зв’язку теорії з практикою). Виявлені взаємозв’язки між педагогічною культурою і професійною ідентичністю є свідченням єдності різних факторів взаємного впливу на ефективність освітнього процесу, зокрема розкриває роль професійної ідентичності у формуванні педагогічної культури вчителів початкової школи. Важливою є роль принципу автономії у формуванні самопізнання.

The professional community feels the need to advance and expand the role of pharmaceutical personnel to meet healthcare needs. In the last decades in the pharmaceutical practice there has been a steady tendency of patient-oriented services and services. Within this concept, the principles of service delivery and training have shifted from patient to patient focus. The impact of personalized medicine on the profession is becoming increasingly important. These changes entail the need to transform the basic knowledge and approaches taught by pharmaceutical workers. The purpose of studying biotechnology by future provisors is the formation of system knowledge, skills and practical skills. Methods. The article has been studied and researched a study of literary sources, metadata, method of data analysis, statistical method. Check existing data sources as well as the conditions under which they can be obtained, including any restrictions on use. Evaluation of alternatives, research of possibilities of application of potential sources of administrative data for statistical purposes. Generalization of the assessment of the legal framework in which data will be collected and used. Statistical methods are four interrelated sections: preliminary analysis of the nature of statistical data – is to test the hypotheses of stationarity, independence, normality, homogeneity, as well as assess the type of distribution function, its parameters, etc.; identification of connections and regularities – correlation analysis, linear and nonlinear regression analysis, etc.; multidimensional statistical analysis – cluster analysis, component analysis, linear and nonlinear discriminant analysis, etc.; dynamic models and forecast based on time series. Survey, prognostic methods, student survey method and data representativeness. In teaching we try to move away from the accepted matrix reproduction of specialists, from the traditional approach to teaching “method of teaching and transfer”. We believe that only a symbiosis of knowledge will allow to carry out quality vocational training. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was formed in the context of a new non-systemic pedagogical paradigm, for which general scientific methods were used, in particular analysis and synthesis. Specific methods of technology were used to conduct empirical research, including factor analysis based on the main components and logic. Results: the biotechnology study program provides appropriate training for young people's professional careers as pharmacists, but also enables them to work in pharmaceutical enterprises, research institutes., {"references":["Aryistanova T., Aryistanov Zh. (2012). Innovatsionnyie tehnologii v farmatsevticheskom obrazovanii: obuchenie i kontrol [Pharmaceutical Innovation Technologies: Training and Control]. Shyimkent, 175 р. (In Russian).","Baeva A. (1984). Biotehnologiya [Biotechnology]. Moscow: Nauka, 320 р. (In Russian).","Bozhkov A. (2008). Biotehnologiya. Fundamentalnyie i promyishlennyie aspektyi. [Biotechnology. Fundamental and industrial aspects]. Kharkiv, 363 р. (In Russian).","Byikov V., Manakov M., Panfilov V., Svittsov A., Tarasova N. (1987). Proizvodstvo belkovyih veschestv. [Protein production]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 142 р. (In Russian).","Byikov V., Kryilov I., Manakov M., Markvichev N., Orlova L., Tarasova N. (2001). Mikrobiologicheskoe proizvodstvo biologicheski aktivnyih veschestv i preparatov [Microbiological production of biologically active substances and preparations]. Moscow: Vysshaya shkola, 143 р. (In Russian).","Chernykh V. (2017). Farmatsevtychna osvita [Pharmaceutical education]. Retrieved from: http://www.pharmencyclopedia.com.ua/article/314/farmacevtichna-osvita (In Ukrainian).","Fedorenko V., Ostash B., Honchar M., Rebets Yu. (2007). Velykyi praktykum z genetyky, genetychnoi inzhenerii ta analitychnoi biotekhnolohii mikroorhanizmiv [Large workshop on genetics, genetic engineering and analytical biotechnology of microorganisms]. Lviv: Publishing LNU, 279 р. (In Ukrainian).","Glik B., Pasternak Dzh. (2012). Molekulyarnaya biotehnologiya. Printsipyi i primenenie [Molecular biotechnology. Principles and applications]. Moscow: Mir, 589 р. (In Russian).","Hıncal A., Çalış S., Öner F., Kaş S. (2017). Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Special Interest Group's Study on Present Status and Future Needs in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology. International Congress of FIP, Vancouver, Canada.","Lazoryshynets V. (2011). Suchasni pytannia rozvytku vyshchoi medychnoi ta farmatsevtychnoi osvity v Ukraini [Modern issues of higher medical and pharmaceutical education development in Ukraine]. Retrieved from: http://www.myshared.ru/slide/3748/ (In Ukrainian).","Manchenko O., Holovchenko O. (2014). Aspekty stanovlennia farmatsevtychnoi osvity v Ukraini ta yii rozvytok v rusli novoho zakonodavstva [Aspects of creation of pharmaceutical education in Ukraine and its development in line with the new legislation]. Visnyk Natsionalnoho universytetu oborony Ukrainy, p. 109-117. (In Ukrainian).","Martynenko O. (2010). Metody molekuliarnoi biotekhnolohii. Laboratornyi praktykum [Methods of molecular biotechnology. Laboratory Workshop]. Kyiv: Akademperiodyka, 232 p. (In Ukrainian).","Melnychuk M., Novak T., Kunakh V. (2012). Biotekhnolohiia roslyn [Plant biotechnology]. Kyiv: Polihrf Konsaltinh, 520 р. (In Ukrainian).","Sidorov V. (1990). Biotehnologiya rasteniy. Kletochnaya selektsiya [Plant biotechnology. Cell selection]. Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, 280 р. (In Russian).","Uotson Dzh., Tuz Dzh., Kurts D. (1996). Rekombinantnyie DNK. Kratkiy kurs [Recommended DNA. Short course]. Moscow: Mir, 288 р. (In Russian)."]}

U radu se polazi od teze da je slikovnicu kao vrijedan predmet učenja, ali i sredstvo poučavanja potrebno češće koristiti u nastavi 3. i 4. razreda u kojima se ona prema dosadašnjoj nastavnoj praksi zanemaruje. Stoga je cilj prikazati metodičke modele za primjenu odabranih slikovnica u nastavi. Pri tom se analiziraju mogućnosti primjene tih slikovnica ne samo u nastavi književnosti i lektire gdje im je najčešće mjesto, nego i u ostalim nastavnim područjima Hrvatskoga jezika, ali i drugim nastavnim predmetima. Time se želi pokazati da slikovnica može biti poticajan nastavni sadržaj, posebno za stvaralački i istraživački rad učenika i učitelja., The paper is based on the thesis that a picture book, as a valuable subject of learning, but also a means of teaching, should be used more often in teaching the 3rd and the 4th grade, in which it has been neglected, as evident from the teaching practice so far. Therefore, the aim is to present methodological models for the application of selected picture books in teaching. The possibilities of applying these picture books are analysed not only in the teaching of literature and required reading, where they most often belong, but also in other education areas of the Croatian language, as well as in other subjects. This aims to show that a picture book can be a stimulating teaching content, especially for the creative and research work of students and teachers.

У статті розкрито методологічні засади підготовки майбутніх докторів філософії до дослідницько-інноваційної діяльності, що включають на філософському рівні: загальні положення теорії пізнання, теорії діяльності та її зв’язку зі свідомістю та особистістю, філософські трактування творчості та рефлексивності, філософський зв’язок теорії та практики; на рівні загальнонаукової методології: системний та синергетичний підходи; на рівні конкректнонаукової методології: діяльнісний, особистісно-орієнтований, компетентнісний, акмеологічний, аксіологічний та проєктно-технологічний підходи; на технологічному рівні: андрагогічний, контекстний, середовищний, соціокультурний, креативний та рефлексивний підходи, а також низку пов’язаних з ними діалектичних, загальнопедагогічних та специфічних дидактичних принципів., The article presents methodological principles of training of future philosophy doctors for research and innovation activity, based on four levels of methodology: philosophical, general scientific, specifical scientific and technological. Each of the levels represents a system of methodological approaches and principles. The philosophical basis of the study is a combination of the general provisions of the theory of cognition, philosophical conceptions of activity and its connection with consciousness and personality, philosophical interpretation of creativity, philosophical concept of reflexivity, and philosophical vision of the relationship between theory and practice, as well as the principles of objectivity, development, universal communication. The general scientific level is represented by systematic and synergistic approaches, which are specified in the principles of systematicity, integrity, discretion, modelling, emergence, nonlinearity, and openness.At the specific scientific level there are distinguished such methodological approaches as: activity, personality-oriented, competence-based, acmeological, axiological, project-technological.The approaches are revealed through the general pedagogical principles: scientific, systematic and consistent, combining different methods, learning methods activity, learning through action, gradual mastery of activity, productivity of learning, organization of joint activity, communication of training with practical activity, humane isolation, voluntariness, polysubjectivity, variability, individualization and differentiation, collaboration and creativity, integration of formal, non-formal and informal education, lifelong learning, self-development orientation. The technological level involves the use of andragogical, contextual, environmental, socio-cultural, creative and reflective approaches, as well as a number of specific didactic principles: problematicity and reflection, critical self-assessment, innovation, regionality.

[EN] Emergency Care Networks (ECNs) were created as a response to the increased demand for emergency services and the ever-increasing waiting times experienced by patients in emergency rooms. In this sense, ECNs are called to provide a rapid diagnosis and early intervention so that poor patient outcomes, patient dissatisfaction, and cost overruns can be avoided. Nevertheless, ECNs, as nodal systems, are often inefficient due to the lack of coordination between emergency departments (EDs) and the presence of non-value added activities within each ED. This situation is even more complex in the public healthcare sector of low-income countries where emergency care is provided under constraint resources and limited innovation. Notwithstanding the tremendous efforts made by healthcare clusters and government agencies to tackle this problem, most of ECNs do not yet provide nimble and efficient care to patients. Additionally, little progress has been evidenced regarding the creation of methodological approaches that assist policymakers in solving this problem. In an attempt to address these shortcomings, this paper presents a three-phase methodology based on Discrete-event simulation, payment collateral models, and lean six sigma to support the design of in-time and economically sustainable ECNs. The proposed approach is validated in a public ECN consisting of 2 hospitals and 8 POCs (Point of Care). The results of this study evidenced that the average waiting time in an ECN can be substantially diminished by optimizing the cooperation flows between EDs., The authors would like to express his gratitude to Giselle Polifroni Avendaño for supporting this research.

deontological culture of future pharmacists. Maintenance of dialectical, axiological, interdisciplinary, competence, systematic and personality‐oriented forming of deontological culture of future pharmacists exposed. Dialectical approach defined contradictions in the phenomenon of forming of deontological culture, approach of axiology overcame base values, and interdisciplinary approach exposed forming of deontological culture in the process of study of the different professionally‐oriented disciplines. The most universal approach to the formationof deontological culture of future pharmacists is dialectical approach; it identifies patterns of formulation pedagogical conditions. General interdisciplinary approach of formation of deontological culture of future pharmacists combines teaching of science. Competence approach overcame unconventional interactive facilities of forming deontological culture, the system exposed essence of casual‐result components and even forming, and the personality‐ oriented approach took into account individual features of future pharmacists. A systematic approach of formation of deontological culture of future pharmacists takes into account the allocation of the serial multilevel and multicomponent interrelated causal system. Personality‐ oriented approach to the formation of deontological culture of future pharmacists includes consideration of: psychological, physical, age, gender, social characteristics of future pharmacists. The main value in forming deontological culture of future pharmacists is the principle of the greatest instillingof the importance of human life, the preservation of health, through the provision of adequate competent pharmaceutical care. It is advisable to use all of the above methodological approaches in order to achieve efficient knowledge., У статті розглянуто методологічні підходи до формування деонтологічної культури майбутніх фармацевтів. Розкрито зміст діалектичного, аксіологічного, міждисциплінарного, компетентнісного, системного та особистісно‐орієнтованого підходів формування деонтологічної культури майбутніх фармацевтів.

The article presents the results of the theoretical study of the concept of “social competence” in psychological and pedagogical literature and analyzes the methodological approaches to the formation of social competence. It is proved that social competence is the result of professional training of future preschool specialists, which is manifested in the willingness to creatively solve professional tasks, social responsibility for the results of their activities and full performance of social functions.The professional training of future specialists of preschool education is focused on acquiring knowledge, skills and experience, values and qualities of social competence, and its successful formation depends on properly chosen methodological approaches.It should be noted that in recent years there has been an increase in the attention of scientists to the problems of training specialists for preschool education, but despite the variety of social and pedagogical studies, the problem of forming social competence of future preschool specialists has not been sufficiently studied. This fact determined the topic of this article.Thus, there are several approaches to studying the social competence of a preschool teacher, namely: competent, personally oriented, active, systemic. Although, each of them reveals the essential characteristics of the described approaches, none of them can be favored, because only a complex combination of methodological approaches ensures the formation of social competence of future specialists for preschool education in the process of study at higher education institutions. Further development in this direction is seen in further exploring ways of improving the professional training of future preschool specialists., У статті представлено результати теоретичного дослідження поняття «соціальна компетентність» у психолого-педагогічній літературі, а також проаналізовано методологічні підходи до формування соціальної компетентності. Доведено, що соціальна компетентність є результатом професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців дошкільної освіти, яка проявляється у готовності творчо вирішувати професійні завдання, соціальною відповідальністю за результати своєї діяльності та повноцінного виконання соціальних функцій.

The purpose of the article consists of a theoretical substantiation and development of a methodical system of professionally-oriented teaching Chemistry for pre-service teachers of Handicrafts in higher education institutions. The methodology of the research is based on using a systematic approach in projecting of the educational process and composition of a relevant methodical system of the professionally oriented Chemistry teaching. The professionally-oriented teaching Chemistry for pre-service teachers of Handicrafts is regarded as an organizational and integrated system of corollary structural components that are conjoined to achieve the goal. The methodical system is represented as a paradigm, which is a graphical reflection of an integrated pedagogical process of the professionally-oriented teaching Chemistry for pre-service teachers of Handicrafts with the purpose of forming specific competence during this process. The paradigm of the methodical system of the professionally-oriented teaching Chemistry for pre-service teachers of Handicrafts is comprised of target, motivational, informative, procedural, and effectively-estimative components. The target component defines the purpose and the task of the professionally-oriented Chemistry teaching. The motivational component is aimed at framing of references, interest and positive motivation to study Chemistry. The informative component is represented by the discipline “Chemistry in professional direction”. The procedural component is represented by the total of forms, methods, and means of professionally-oriented teaching Chemistry realization. The effectively estimative component determines the criteria and levels of the effectiveness evaluation of the methodical system of the professionally oriented teaching Chemistry, forms and types of control., Мета статті полягає у теоретичному обґрунтуванні та розробці методичної системи професійно орієнтованого навчання хімії майбутніх учителів трудового навчання та технологій у закладах вищої освіти. Методологія дослідження ґрунтується на використанні системного підходу у проєктуванні освітнього процесу та побудові відповідної методичної системи професійно орієнтованого навчання хімії. Методична система представлена у вигляді моделі, яка є графічним відображенням цілісного педагогічного процесу професійно орієнтованого навчання хімії майбутніх учителів трудового навчання та технологій і формування предметної компетентності з хімії в цьому процесі, а також методологічним орієнтиром і основою прогнозування та проєктування методики предметного навчання. Модель методичної системи професійно орієнтованого навчання хімії майбутніх учителів трудового навчання та технологій складається з цільового, мотиваційного, змістового, процесуального та результативно-оцінного компонентів.

Under new challenges of Ukrainian society, modern domestic and world standards, the need to change a paradigm of professional training of law enforcement officers is becoming more actual. The practice-oriented context of professional training focuses on future law enforcement professionals to actively develop their own personality, continuous professional development, self-improvement through acquisition of necessary knowledge and skills, in particular, the mastery of skills for self-improvement throughout life.The author substantiates a psychological and pedagogical problem of professional self-improvement as the basis for forming readiness of future law enforcement officers, a prerequisite for ensuring a high level of professionalism and professional achievements, ability to personal, professional, creative self-development and productive activity in the law-enforcement sphere.It is proved that professional education of future law enforcement officers should be based on humanistic philosophy and promote a disclosure of a creative potential of subjects of a pedagogical process. The analysis of methodological approaches, in particular: synergistic, axiological, acmeological, activity, competence, anthropological in a system of professional training of future specialists of law enforcement bodies is carried out.The outlined methodological approaches were analyzed as a conceptual foundations of self-improvement, which reveal its structure (competence, values, etc.) and mechanisms of implementation, provide a holistic understanding of the said phenomenon.It is determined that a formation of professional self-improvement of future specialists of law-enforcement bodies requires appropriate pedagogical conditions and methodological support, which involves a mobilization of a future specialist’s personal resources, synergy of efforts of specialists of various sciences and branches (philosophy, psychology, pedagogy, culturology, sociology, valeology, genetics, ecology, medicine, etc.) and so on.In addition, formation of an ability to self-improvement ensures that future law-enforcers develop their own system of goals, values, benchmarks, ideals that increase a level of their professional training, activities in professional environment, direct the logic and dynamics of professional development and life-creativity.

Producción Científica, Research on heritage education has progressed remarkably and a large number of studies point to a greater presence of active methodologies and the use of resources and primary sources in the classroom. At this point it seems important to investigate the perceptions and experiences of future history and social science teachers. Thus, this paper studies the value that 506 Spanish and English teachers in initial training place on heritage and its presence in the teaching-learning process of history, as well as their views on the existing connections between methodological perceptions and the use of cultural heritage in the classroom. It is a non-experimental descriptive and quantitative study with data collected through questionnaire. This questionnaire was built ad hoc to analyze the opinions and perceptions of teachers in initial training about history education in Secondary Education. The results show that teachers in initial training value highly or very highly the use of cultural heritage in Secondary Education to promote active methodologies, the critical teaching of history, and the development of historical skills. Teachers in training in Spain value more highly the use of heritage than English teachers. While English teachers in training value more highly the resolution of problems through historical documentary sources, Spanish teachers rate the emotional and motivational aspects higher., Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (projects EDU2015-65716-C2-1-R, EDU2015-65716-C2-2-R, and PGC2018-094491-B-C33), Región de Murcia (projects 20638/JLI/18 and 20874/PI/18)

Urbane zelene površine, osobito u obalnim područjima, od velikog su i višestrukog značaja za održivi urbani i turistički razvoj. Istodobno su bitno ugrožene prekomjernom izgradnjom uzrokovanom urbanizacijom. Pojačana urbanizacija može se prepoznati kao posljedica prostornog širenja izgrađenih dijelova obalnih naselja zbog snažnih litoralizacijskih procesa, ali i kao posljedica sve jačeg razvoja turizma u obalnim područjima. U dosadašnjim znanstvenim istraživanjima povezanosti urbanizacije i turizma, koja se provode u različitim znanstvenim područjima i disciplinama, urbane zelene površine većinom su zastupljene u širem kontekstu, rjeđe kao neposredni objekt istraživanja. Razumijevanje i komparacija rezultata istraživanja otežani su zbog nestandardizirane metodologije i terminologije koje se u istraživanjima primjenjuju. Stoga je glavni cilj ovoga rada iznošenje pregleda metoda primijenjenih u istraživanjima urbanih zelenih površina te, na osnovi toga, izdvajanje metodoloških pristupa primjenjivih u geografskim istraživanjima urbanih zelenih površina u kontekstu turističkog razvoja obalnih područja. Definirano je značenje pojma „urbane zelene površine“ i objašnjen njegov odnos s turizmom. Analizirani su predmet, upotrijebljena terminologija, klasifikacije urbanih zelenih površina, prostorni i vremenski kontekst, primijenjena metodologija i način interpretacije rezultata u dosadašnjim istraživanjima urbanih zelenih površina. Izdvojena su dva najčešća pristupa istraživanjima urbanih zelenih površina u kontekstu turističkog razvoja obalnih područja: a) komparativna prostorno-vremenska istraživanja promjene urbanih zelenih površina uslijed turističkog razvoja i b) istraživanja stavova korisnika i njihove percepcije urbanih zelenih površina u kontekstu turističkog razvoja. Izdvojeni pristupi primjenjivi su u geografskim istraživanjima urbanih zelenih površina, a utemeljeni su na metodološkim podlogama pozitivističkog i humanističko-biheviorističkog pristupa u suvremenoj geografiji., Urban green spaces, especially those in the coastal areas, are of great and multiple importance for sustainable urban and tourism development. At the same time, they are endangered by excessive construction caused by the urbanisation process. Increased urbanisation occurs as the consequence of spatial expansion of the built-up land of coastal towns due to strong littoralisation processes, but also as a consequence of an increasing coastal tourism development. Scientific research on the connection between urbanisation and tourism is conducted in various scientific areas and disciplines, representing urban green spaces mainly in a wider context, rarely as immediate objects of research. Understanding and comparison of research results are made difficult due to non-standardised methodology and terminology applied in research. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of methods applied in research of urban green spaces and, on its grounds, to select methodological approaches applicable for geographic research on urban green spaces within the context of coastal tourism development. The meaning of “urban green space” and its relationship with tourism were defined. The subject of research, terminology and classification of urban green spaces, spatial and temporal context of research, applied methodology and interpretation of results were analysed. Two most frequent methodological approaches in urban green spaces research in the context of coastal tourism development were identified: a) Comparative spatio-temporal research of transformation of urban green space due to tourism development and b) Research on attitudes and perception of urban green space users within the context of tourism development. The identified approaches are applicable in geographic research of urban green spaces, and they are based on methodological background of the positivist and humanistic-behavioural approach in contemporary geography.

The education of future teachers is going through a crisis related to audiovisual education. Following what is known as the 2015&ndash, 2030 Agenda, the world of education is being confronted with a new learning model that must respond to the proposals of the Sustainable Development Goals&mdash, SDGs. In this article, we want to emphasize the need for training future teachers to meet the new needs of media education, taking into account the increasing importance of sustainable development of children in relation to audiovisual media to maintain their welfare, skills and future prospects. For this reason, the objective of the study is to collect the perceptions of 278 future schoolteachers about the significance of audiovisual education and their own training on the subject, the socio-educational objectives of audiovisual tools, their positioning regarding audiovisual methodology and the concept of communication. Two ad-hoc questionnaires with an ex-post-facto design were used. The findings showed that a reduced percentage of students felt they had received full audiovisual training. Nevertheless, over half of the future schoolteachers considered their work in the classroom to be important for social and educational ends, both from a theoretical and a practical viewpoint. We believe it is necessary to provide audiovisual education to future schoolteachers based on students&rsquo, interests and needs.

Исследование методологической основы в организации закупочной деятельности подразумевает рассмотрение научных подходов, применяемых в данной области научной проблемы. Институциональная среда в функциональной структуре является важнейшим элементом организации процедур закупочной деятельности, как на региональном, так и на федеральном уровне власти. Следует отметить, что в настоящее время не существует единых методологических подходов, применяемых в исследовании процессов организации закупочной деятельности заказчиков различных уровней. В материалах данной статьи рассмотрены механизмы взаимодействия социальных, политических и экономических институтов с позиции институционального подхода в организации закупочной деятельности. Проведенное исследование позволяет сделать выводы о том, что централизация государственных и муниципальных закупок на региональном уровне повысит эффективность проводимых закупок и минимизирует затраты на осуществление закупочной деятельности хозяйствующими субъектами. По мнению автора исследования, рассмотрение организации закупочной деятельности заказчиков целесообразно также проводить с позиции системного подхода, что позволит оценить и разработать методологию исследования заявленной научной проблемы.

Государственные учреждения культуры и досуга играют важнейшую роль в формировании и удовлетворении культурных потребностей общества, создании условий и технологий для всестороннего развития и творческой самореализации личности, обеспечении активной культурно-досуговой деятельности граждан, сохранении должного уровня культуры как материальной и духовной среды обитания человека. Для этих целей разрабатываются и реализуются социально-культурные проекты, получившие широкое распространение в нашей стране в последние десятилетия. При этом в процессе профессиональной подготовки деятелей социально-культурной сферы особое внимание уделяется методике развития проектного мышления, которому посвящена данная работа., State institutions of culture and leisure play a crucial role in shaping and meeting the cultural needs of society, creating conditions and technologies for the comprehensive development and creative self-realisation of an individual, ensuring active cultural and leisure activities of citizens, preserving the proper level of culture as a material and spiritual environment of a person. For this purpose, social and cultural projects are being developed and implemented, which have become widespread in our country in recent decades. At the same time, in the process of vocational training of social and cultural actors, special attention is paid to the methodology of development of project thinking, to which this work is devoted., Научное мнение, Выпуск 6 2020

A producer of dairy products intends to improve planning work by utilizing a simulation model. Dairy production has specific requirements that consequently means that planning is a complex task because of factors such as changeovers of production which limits production flexibility. The purpose of the thesis is thus to create a discrete event simulation for dairy production and to document the specific circumstances and approaches that the simulation project includes to support the producer's development of the planning work. To achieve the purpose, two questions have been formulated that aim to answer for the theoretical work as well as the practical work in establishing a simulation model. The project utilizes a conceptual model and follows a twelve-step model for work sequence. Theory intends to form the basis for answering questions and covers methodological approaches, discrete event simulation, programming methods based on continuous and discrete data and the meaning of stops and changeovers in production. The steps in the methodological approach are limited to problem formulation, setting a project plan and goals using the conceptual model, model building, data collection, coding, verification and validation. The work resulted in a theoretical methodological approach, a conceptual model and a partly verified simulation model for planning based on discrete event simulation. En mejeriproducent ämnar förbättra sitt planeringsarbete med hjälp av en simuleringsmodell. Mejeriproduktion innebär särskilda krav som leder till att planeringsarbetet blir komplext på grund av omställningsvillkor vilket hämmar flexibiliteten av produktionen. Syftet med examensarbetet är därmed att upprätta en diskret händelsesimulering för mejeriproduktion och dokumentera de särskilda omständigheter och tillvägagångsätt som simuleringsprojektet innefattar för att stödja producentens utveckling av planeringsarbetet. För att uppnå syftet har två frågeställningar formulerats, vilka svarar dels för den teoretiska aspekten av att genomdriva ett sådant projekt, dels för hur en simuleringsmodell kan utformas i praktiken. Simuleringsmodellen upprättas med hjälp av en konceptuell modell samt ett metodologiskt tillvägagångsätt här omnämnt Banks metod. Teoriavsnittet avser att ligga till grund för besvarande av frågeställningar och innefattar metodologiska tillvägagångssätt, diskret händelsesimulering, programmeringsmetoder baserade på kontinuerliga och diskreta data samt innebörden av stopp och omställning i produktion. Det metodologiska tillvägagångssättet används i begränsad utsträckning. Projektet avgränsas till problemformulering, upprättande av projektplan och mål med hjälp av den konceptuella modellen, insamling av data, modellering och verifiering. Arbetet resulterade i ett teoretiskt metodologiskt tillvägagångssätt, en konceptuell modell samt en delvis verifierad simuleringsmodell för planering baserad på diskret händelsesimulering.

Цель предлагаемой статьи состоит в анализе трансфера человеческого капитала неуспешных учащихся на пути от школы к колледжу и вузу. Показывается значение теории человеческого капитала в осмыслении сложных и противоречивых проблем образования. Подчеркивается роль инвестиций со стороны государства, бизнеса, родителей в решение проблем преодоления образовательной неуспешности. Дается характеристика основных понятий, используемых в статье, — образовательной неуспешности, человеческого капитала, трансфера человеческого капитала. Рассматриваются четыре стадии образовательной неуспешности в связи с трансфером человеческого капитала от одной к другой на пути перехода учащихся от школы к колледжу, от него к вузу и рынку труда. В заключительной части статьи анализируются методологические подходы, которые дают возможность плодотворно исследовать проблему трансфера человеческого капитала неуспешной части учащейся молодежи на пути от школы к вузу. The purpose of this article is to analyze the transfer of human capital of unsuccessful students on the way from school to college and university. The article shows the significance of the theory of human capital in understanding complex and contradictory problems of education. The role of investments from the state, business, and parents in solving problems of overcoming educational failure is emphasized. The article describes the main concepts used in the article — educational failure, human capital, and human capital transfer. We consider four stages of educational failure in connection with the transfer of human capital from one to another on the way of students’ transition from school to college, from it to university and the labor market. In the final part of the article, methodological approaches are analyzed, which make it possible to fruitfully study the problem of the transfer of human capital to the unsuccessful part of students on the way from school to university. Статья подготовлена при поддержке РФФИ, проект № 19–29–07016 «Трансфер человеческого капитала образовательных общностей: от неуспешности к успешности».

В статье рассматриваются методологические подходы к изучению коррупции в рамках психологических исследований. Отмечается, что коррупция выступает комплексным междисциплинарным феноменом и включает в себя философские, социальные, экономические, политические, психологические и педагогические аспекты его изучения. Коррупция объединяет в едином исследовательском пространстве и разнообразие субъектов – участников коррупционного взаимодействия. Сложности возникают и при рассмотрении основных субъектов коррупции, и с необходимостью изучать коррупцию с учетом различных уровней ее распространения бытовой, административный, верхушечный и международный. Особого внимания заслуживает сложность разграничения коррупционных правонарушений и иных видов экономических преступлений — воровства, мошенничества, краж, вымогательства и т.д. Показано, что психологические особенности и последствия коррупции чаще всего выявляются посредством методик шкалирования в ходе полевых исследований, анализа, конкретных частных событий и интервью. Указывается, что непосредственно измерить коррупцию невозможно, а социально-психологические методы ее изучения практически отсутствуют. В качестве одной из эффективных возможностей психологического исследования коррупции предлагается обращение к феномену «отношения личности», так как порождаемые миром объективных явлений отношения имеют субъективный характер, – когда одни и те же социальные явления и события для разных людей приобретают различные значения. Наиболее стойкие и длительные из них выражаются в целостном отношении личности к социально-экономической реальности, что отвечает целям комплексного психологического исследования. Вместе с тем, феномен отношений структурно включает в себя когнитивные, эмоциональные и поведенческие компоненты, которые могут рассматриваться как самостоятельные явления. Предлагаемые подходы к исследованию коррупции и коррупционных правонарушений способны отразить целостную психологическую картину мира личности, которую можно рассматривать с точки зрения согласованности ее когнитивных (структурных и содержательных) и эмоциональных характеристик, в частности в сфере отношения к коррупции., The article discusses methodological approaches to the study of corruption in the framework of psychological research. It is noted that corruption is a complex interdisciplinary phenomenon and includes philosophical, social, economic, political, psychological and pedagogical aspects of its study. Corruption unites in a single research space a variety of subjects - participants in corrupt interaction. Difficulties arise both when considering the main subjects of corruption, and with the need to study corruption taking into account the various levels of its distribution - domestic, administrative, top and international. The complexity of distinguishing between corruption offenses and other types of economic crimes - theft, fraud, theft, extortion, etc. deserves special attention. It is shown that the psychological characteristics and consequences of corruption are most often revealed through scaling techniques in the course of field research, analysis, specific private events and interviews. It is indicated that it is impossible to directly measure corruption, and there are practically no socio-psychological methods for studying it. As one of the effective opportunities for the psychological study of corruption, it is proposed to turn to the phenomenon of "personality attitudes", since the relations generated by the world of objective phenomena are subjective, when the same social phenomena and events acquire different meanings for different people. The most persistent and long-lasting of them are expressed in the individual's holistic attitude to socio-economic reality, which meets the goals of a comprehensive psychological study. At the same time, the phenomenon of relationships structurally includes cognitive, emotional and behavioral components, which can be considered as independent phenomena. The proposed approaches to the study of corruption and corruption offenses are capable of reflecting a holistic psychological picture of the world of an individual, which can be considered from the point of view of the consistency of his cognitive (structural and content) and emotional characteristics, in particular, in the sphere of attitudes towards corruption.

В статье система музыкального образования рассматривается как часть социальной структуры общества, взаимосвязанная со сферой культуры через выполнение социального заказа на подготовку компетентного специалиста. Эффективное функционирование данной системы обеспечивается при совокупном применении четырех методологических подходов: программно-целевой подход реализуется посредством ФГОС, который фиксирует цели образования, определяет ожидаемый результат, выделяет необходимые ресурсы и условия для его достижения; деятельностный подход выступает механизмом реализации указанной целевой программы, определяя выбор форм, средств, методик и технологий обучения, обеспечивающих достижение результата; квалификационный подход закрепляет набор объективных характеристик, необходимых для выполнения конкретной профессиональной деятельности посредством присвоения выпускнику определенной квалификации; компетентностный подход детерминирует формирование личностных и профессиональных качеств специалиста, обеспечивающих успешное применение квалификационных характеристик и соответствующих им знаний, умений, навыков в практической деятельности и адаптацию в новых условиях социальной практики., In the article, the system of music education is considered as a part of the social structure of society, interconnected with the sphere of culture through the fulfillment of a social order for the training of a competent specialist. The effective functioning of this system is ensured by the combined application of four methodological approaches: the program-target approach is introduced through the Federal State Educational Standard, which fixes the tasks of education, determines the expected result, allocates the necessary resources and conditions for its achievement. The activity approach acts as a mechanism for the implementation of the specified target program, determining the choice of forms, means, methods and technologies of teaching, ensuring the achievement of the result. The qualification approach consolidates a set of objective characteristics necessary for the performance of a specific professional activity by assigning a certain qualification to a graduate. The competence-based approach determines the formation of a specialist’s personal and professional qualities, which ensure the successful application of qualification characteristics and the corresponding knowledge, skills, and abilities in practical activities and adaptation in the new conditions of social practice.

В статье предложен гибкий общеметодический подход выбора системы показателей оценки эффективности функционирования предприятия. Проведена сравнительная характеристика основных систем оценки эффективности функционирования фирмы. Выделены недостатки и преимущества систем оценки. Представлены компоненты потенциала предприятия и соответствующие объекты управления. Сделан вывод о том, что наиболее полно соответствуют требованиям, предъявляемым к системе оценки эффективности деятельности предприятия, система сбалансированных показателей и модели, построенные на теории заинтересованных сторон., The article offers a flexible general methodological approach for selecting a system of indicators for evaluating the efficiency of an enterprise. A comparative characteristic of the main systems for assessing the effectiveness of the enterprise performance is carried out. The author specifies advantages and disadvantages of evaluation systems, and presents the components of the enterprise’s potential and the corresponding management objects. It is concluded that the system of balanced indicators and models based on the stakeholder theory most fully meets the requirements for the system of evaluating the effectiveness of the enterprise performance., Ученые записки Крымского инженерно-педагогического университета, Выпуск 1 (67) 2020

В статье проанализирован опыт командной работы по подготовке и сопровождению студентов к конкурсам «Абилимпикс» в Шадринском государственном педагогическом университете., The article analyzes the experience of teamwork in preparing and accompanying students to the Abilimpics competitions at the Shadrinsk State Pedagogical University., Педагогическое образование в России, Issue № 5, Pages 162-169

Модернізація української економіки під впливом глобальних постіндустріальних тенденцій актуалізує пріоритетність розвитку наукоємних, високотехнологічних, інноваційних видів діяльності, що створює передумови для посилення конкурентних позицій на національному та глобальному ринках. В умовах сьогодення питання оцінки конкурентоспроможності ресторанів за спеціальними замовленнями (catering) є актуальним, адже висока конкурентоспроможність підприємства є головною умовою його діяльності та розвитку. Метою дослідження є оцінка конкурентоспроможності ресторанів за спеціальними замовленнями (catering) на ринку кейтерингових послуг України. У статті запропоновано методичні підходи до оцінки конкурентоспроможності ресторанів за спеціальними замовленнями (catering), що передбачають безперервність моніторингу, визначення їх параметрів, показників і критеріїв, вибір оптимальних методів оцінки. У процесі дослідження застосовано методи: соціологічного опитування, простого ранжування, інтегральної оцінки та факторний метод, а також системного підходу. Встановлено, що методичні підходи до оцінки конкурентоспроможності ресторанів за спеціальними замовленнями (catering) передбачають обґрунтування і розробку системи соціально-економічних індикаторів і критеріїв (якість продукції, якість обслуговування, якісно-організаційний склад персоналу, ефективність діяльності, ефективність управління персоналом, ціна) та включають комплекс показників, що дозволяють сформувати інтегральний показник конкурентоспроможності, який дає змогу враховувати об’єктивні відмінності у динаміці підприємств, умовах використання наявних ресурсів у процесі прогнозування та розвитку їх діяльності. Проведено комплексне діагностування на основі інтегрального індикатора конкурентоспроможності ресторанів за спеціальними замовленнями (catering), у ході якого було визначено, що його рівень має суттєву диференціацію згідно з показниками досліджуваних підприємств, які зумовлені як зовнішніми, так і внутрішніми чинниками, що уможливлює розробку стратегічних пріоритетів і конкретних заходів щодо формування іміджу підприємства та підвищення його конкурентоспроможності., Modernization of the Ukrainian economy under the influence of global post-industrial trends mainstreams the priority of development of science-intensive, high-tech, innovative activities. Modernization creates the preconditions for strengthening competitive positions in the national and global markets. In modern conditions, the issue of assessing the competitiveness of catering companies is relevant. High competitiveness of the enterprise is the main condition of its activity and development. The purpose of the study is to assess the competitiveness of catering companies in the market of catering services in Ukraine. The study proposes methodological approaches to assessing the competitiveness of catering companies. Methodological approaches include continuity of monitoring, determination of parameters, indicators and criteria, selection of optimal evaluation methods. In the process of research the following methods were used: sociological survey, simple ranking, integrated assessment and factor method, system approach method. It was established that methodical approaches to assessing the competitiveness of catering companies include justification and development of a system of socio-economic indicators and criteria (product quality, quality of service, quality and organizational staff, efficiency, efficiency of personnel management, price). Methodological approaches include a set of indicators that form an integrated indicator of competitiveness. This indicator allows to consider objective differences in the dynamics of enterprises, the conditions of use of available resources in the process of forecasting and development of enterprises. A comprehensive diagnosis was carried out based on an integrated indicator of the competitiveness of restaurants on special orders (catering), during which it was determined that its level has a significant differentiation according to the indicators of the studied enterprises, which are due to both external and internal factors, which allows the development of strategic priorities and specific measures to develop the image of the enterprise and increase its competitiveness., Модернизация украинской экономики под влиянием глобальных постиндустриальных тенденций актуализирует приоритетность развития наукоемких, высокотехнологических, инновационных видов деятельности, что создает предпосылки для усиления конкурентных позиций на национальном и глобальном рынках. В современных условиях вопросы оценки конкурентоспособности ресторанов по специальным заказам (catering) является актуальным, ведь высокая конкурентоспособность предприятия является главным условием его деятельности и развития. Целью исследования является оценка конкурентоспособности ресторанов по специальным заказам (catering) на рынке кейтеринговых услуг Украины. В статье предложены методические подходы к оценке конкурентоспособности ресторанов по специальным заказам (catering), предусматривающих непрерывность мониторинга, определения их параметров, показателей и критериев, выбор оптимальных методов оценки. В процессе исследования применены методы: социологического опроса, простого ранжирования, интегральной оценки и факторный метод, а также системного подхода. Установлено, что методические подходы к оценке конкурентоспособности ресторанов по специальным заказам (catering) предусматривают обоснование и разработку системы социально-экономических индикаторов и критериев (качество продукции, качество обслуживания, качественно-организационный состав персонала, эффективность деятельности, эффективность управления персоналом, цена) и включают комплекс показателей, позволяющих сформировать интегральный показатель конкурентоспособности, который позволяет учитывать объективные различия в динамике предприятий, условиях использования имеющихся ресурсов в процессе прогнозирования и развития их деятельности. Проведено комплексное диагностирование на основе интегрального индикатора конкурентоспособности ресторанов по специальным заказам (catering), в ходе которого было установлено, что его уровень имеет существенную дифференциацию по показаниям исследуемых предприятий, обусловленные как внешними, так и внутренними факторами, что делает разработку стратегических приоритетов и конкретных мероприятий по формированию имиджа предприятия и повышения его конкурентоспособности.

This introductory paper sets the scene for the present double special issue on degree phenomena. Besides introducing the individual contributions, it positions degree in the overlapping fields of intensity, focus and emphasis. It outlines the wide-ranging means of expressing degree, their possible categorizations, as well as the manyfold uses of intensification with respect to involvement, politeness, evaluation, emotive expression and persuasion. It also decribes the many angles from which degree features have been studied as extending across, e.g., (historical) sociolinguistics, (historical) pragmatics, and grammaticalization.

This article is devoted to the analysis of the educational process’ organization in Storozhishchensky corrective colony shelter in the Smolensk province, opened in 1894, through the implementation of the principle of social justice, reflected in the pedagogical ideas of the English reformer Robert Owen. It was found that in this institution for male juvenile offenders, the specified principle was used by applying adequate forms of education to them: labour, moral, mental and physical. The authors present the experience of the correctional colony shelter on re-education, correction and socialization of underage offenders, and the formation of their attitudes and values inherent in law-abiding citizens.The methods and forms for achieving this were as follows activities of juvenile offenders in various types of household work: gardening, horticulture, beekeeping, handicrafts; military gymnastics, special exercises, outdoor games, walks; theoretical and practical teaching in agricultural schools, opened at the correctional institution; visits to the church, conversations, positive examples of teaching staff and their moralizing influence on children's personality. Also the article considers methodological approaches, which were used by the teachers of Storozhishchensky corrective colony shelter, such as natural science (biological), sociological, anthropological, cultural, educational, axiological and criminological.

В статье рассматривается проблема научно-методического обеспечения качества непрерывного образования в области традиционного прикладного искусства. Раскрыты понятия: качество образования и качество научно-методического обеспечения образования, показана их взаимосвязь. Обоснована необходимость разработки диагностических средств качества образования на всех этапах непрерывного образования по единым матрицам, построенным на основе интеграции системного, деятельностного, синергетического и профессиологического подходов; с учетом всех ключевых показателей международного стандарта качества и специфики конкретного вида традиционного прикладного искусства., The article deals with the problem of scientific and methodological quality assurance at all stages of continuing education in the direction of traditional applied arts. The concepts of quality of education and quality of scientific and methodological support of education are revealed, and their relationship is shown. The article substantiates the need to develop diagnostic tools for the quality of education at all stages of continuing education based on a single matrix based on the integration of system, activity, synergetic and professional approaches; taking into account all the key indicators of the international quality standard and the specifics of a particular traditional applied art.

В данной статье рассмотрены методологические подходы формирования мотивации бакалавров Северо-Восточного федерального университета Инженерно-технического института (Республика Саха (Якутия)). Обосновано формирование мотивации студентов при изучении специальных дисциплин на основе компетентностного, герменевтического, этнопедагогического и регионально-этнического подходов., The article describes methodological approaches to the formation of motivation of undergraduates at the Institute of Engineering and Technology of North-Eastern Federal University (Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)). The author substantiates the formation of motivation of students studying special disciplines based on the competent, hermeneutic, ethno-pedagogical and regional-ethnic approaches., Научное мнение, Выпуск 5 2020

[ES] En el contexto de las universidades públicas y privadas, la investigación en Diseño Industrial no se ha destacado a nivel de otras disciplinas, en el caso particular de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México y sus escuelas donde se imparte el curso de Diseño Industrial: Toluca, Zumpango y Valle de Chalco, el área de investigación está por debajo de los estándares institucionales y otras disciplinas (UAEMéx Agenda estadística, 2015). De acuerdo con las estadísticas de varios organismos de evaluación acreditados, certificados y reconocidos para el Área de Diseño Industrial en México, como ANUIES, CIEES y COMAPROD, entre los factores que más influyen para no mejorar el desempeño de la investigación de diseño se encuentran: la falta de proceso de investigación organizado; falta de herramientas digitales para la gestión de recursos; e ignorancia del proceso de investigación. Entre varios investigadores sobre el tema, destacar las contribuciones de Margolin (2005) menciona que uno de los desafíos particulares que enfrenta la comunidad de investigadores en diseño es aceptar e incluir especialistas ubicados dentro de diferentes tradiciones disciplinarias, esto no permite seguir avanzando en la búsqueda de nuevas formas de representación de diseño, por lo que el área permanece sumergida en proyectos, formas y aspectos ya existentes al intentar diseñar nuevos objetos, sin generar mayores contribuciones / contribuciones al diseño y mucho menos al proceso de investigación., [EN] In the context of public and private universities, research in Industrial Design has not excelled at the level of other disciplines, in the particular case of the Autonomous University of the State of Mexico and its schools where the Industrial Design course is taught: Toluca, Zumpango and Valle de Chalco, the research area is below the institutional standards and other disciplines (UAEMéx University Statistics Agenda, 2015). According to the statistics of several accredited, certified and recognized evaluating bodies for the Industrial Design Area in Mexico, such as the ANUIES, CIEES and COMAPROD, among the factors that most influence not to improve the performance of design research are: the lack of an organized research process; lack of digital tools for resource management; and ignorance of the research process. Among several researchers on the subject, highlight the contributions of Margolin (2005) mentions that one of the particular challenges facing the community of researchers on design is to accept and include specialists who are located within different disciplinary traditions, this does not allow to follow advancing in finding new forms of design representation, so the area remains submerged in projects, forms and aspects already existing when trying to design new objects, without generating greater contributions / contributions to the design and much less to the research process .

У статті проаналізовано наявні методичні підходи до оцінювання рівня економічної безпеки підприємства. Обґрунтовано вартісно-орієнтований підхід до комплексного оцінювання рівня економічної безпеки бізнес-процесів торговельного підприємства. Крім того, оцінювання рівня економічної безпеки бізнес-процесів торговельних підприємств, на наш погляд, має проводитися за певними етапами, яким притаманні комплексність, системність, використання інструментарію для здійснення розрахунків, врахування впливу факторів внутрішнього й зовнішнього середовища тощо. Розроблена авторська модель оцінювання економічної безпеки бізнес-процесів торговельного підприємства є уніфікованою та комплексною, а також дає змогу ґрунтовно, тобто з урахуванням складності ієрархічної системи економічної безпеки, здійснювати розрахунки та приймати ефективні управлінські рішення задля забезпечення економічної безпеки підприємства. In unstable market conditions and a tough competitive environment, economic security diagnostics is an important tool for identifying reserves and opportunities to increase the efficiency of trading enterprises. A reliable assessment of the economic condition of a trade enterprise is crucial for forming correct conclusions and making adequate management decisions. The purpose of the article is to generalize the methodological tools for assessing the economic security of business processes of commercial enterprises and identify the features of its practical application. The article analyzes the existing methodological approaches to assessing the level of economic security of an enterprise. Assessment of the level of economic security is not identical to estimation of level of economic safety of business processes of the enterprise, so the author’s approach to the assessment of economic security of business processes of a trade enterprise. A cost-based approach to a comprehensive assessment of the level of economic security of business processes of a trade enterprise is justified. In addition, the assessment of the level of economic security of business processes of trade enterprises, in our opinion, should be carried out at certain stages, which are characterized by complexity, consistency, the use of tools for making calculations, taking into account the influence of internal and external factors. In the article the indicators for assessing business processes from a position of ensuring economic security of commercial enterprises, the analysis of which will allow to assess the state of enterprise economic security and its potential development. These indicators influence or as stimulants, increasing which enhances the security level of an enterprise, or as destimulation, the growth of which leads to a decrease in its level. The author’s model of assessing the economic security of business processes of a trade enterprise is unified and complex and allows you to thoroughly, taking into account the complexity of the hierarchical system of economic security, to make calculations and make effective management decisions to ensure the economic security of the enterprise.